Groundwater for Sustainable Development最新文献_第9页

Combining piezometry, isotopes, and emerging contaminants to assess aquifer recharge operations: case studies of Korba and Kairouan sites (Northeast and Central Tunisia) 结合压力测量法、同位素和新出现的污染物来评估含水层补给作业：Korba和Kairouan站点（突尼斯东北部和中部）的案例研究

IF 4.9 Q2 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Groundwater for Sustainable Development

Pub Date : 2025-09-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.gsd.2025.101514

Fethi Lachaal , Geoffroy Duporté , Christian Leduc , Elena Gomez

In many semi-arid and Mediterranean regions, scarce water resources face an ever-increasing demand for water. A possible response is to complement the natural groundwater recharge by infiltrating treated wastewater, but this addresses the question of the future of this water, in quantitative and qualitative terms. Two contrasting artificial recharge sites with treated wastewater were chosen at the centre and northeast of Tunisia. The study was focused on field measurements (water table level, total mineralisation) and groundwater sampling (stable isotopes of the water molecule, emerging contaminants). Data from 2020 were compared with historical records. A suspect-screening analysis of 137 organic compounds was also performed at the first site. The hydrodynamic survey and the total mineralisation of groundwater underline a common feature of the two sites: the strong heterogeneity of the hydrogeological information, especially disturbed by agricultural pumping. The positive piezometric effect of groundwater artificial recharge is not clearly, observed due to the combined effects of intense pumping and the relatively small recharge volume. A slight increase in groundwater salinity is observed at both sites. In the coastal area of Korba, the isotopic data show that the recharged area is less vulnerable to seawater intrusion compared to other parts of the coastal aquifer. Stable isotope analysis showed an evaporative water only at the site where the water is transferred over a long distance and spread over the ground surface. Emerging compounds, especially carbamazepine, provided a much finer definition of the recharge plumes. The results of the suspect screening and non-target analysis were consistent with the historical location of the sites and the relocation of the discharge point for the first site. Together, the results underlined the limitation of the classical tools of hydrogeology (hydrodynamics, major ions, stable isotopes) and the significant added value of integrating emerging compounds in the analysis.

在许多半干旱和地中海地区，稀缺的水资源面临着日益增长的用水需求。一种可能的反应是通过渗透处理过的废水来补充天然地下水补给，但这在数量和质量方面都解决了这种水的未来问题。在突尼斯中部和东北部选择了两个对比鲜明的人工回灌点，处理过的废水。这项研究的重点是实地测量（地下水位、总矿化）和地下水采样（水分子的稳定同位素、新出现的污染物）。2020年的数据与历史记录进行了比较。在第一个地点对137种有机化合物进行了可疑筛选分析。水动力调查和地下水总矿化强调了这两个地点的一个共同特征：水文地质信息的强烈异质性，特别是受到农业抽水的干扰。由于抽水强度大，回灌量较小，地下水人工回灌的正压效应不明显。在这两个地点都观察到地下水盐度略有增加。在科尔巴沿海地区，同位素数据表明，与沿海含水层的其他部分相比，补给区对海水入侵的脆弱性较小。稳定同位素分析表明，只有在水被长距离转移并扩散到地表的地方才有蒸发水。新出现的化合物，特别是卡马西平，提供了一个更精细的充电羽流定义。可疑筛查和非靶点分析结果与该站点的历史位置和第一个站点的排放点搬迁一致。总之，这些结果强调了经典水文地质工具（水动力学、主要离子、稳定同位素）的局限性，以及将新兴化合物整合到分析中的重要附加价值。

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引用次数: 0

Spatial distribution of Chinese baijiu driven by groundwater recharge processes: Insights from hydrochemical analysis 地下水补给过程驱动的中国白酒空间分布：来自水化学分析的见解

IF 4.9 Q2 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Groundwater for Sustainable Development

Pub Date : 2025-09-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.gsd.2025.101513

Wang Wang , Jiaqi Chen , Jian Sheng Chen , Yitong Zhang

Baijiu companies located along the Chishui River contribute significantly to the local economy. This area lies within China's highest output value of baijiu region, known as the Baijiu Golden Triangle. This study performed geochemical analyses on groundwater and surface water from the Chishui River Basin and other well-known baijiu-producing areas in China. Findings show that water-rock reaction characteristics in brewing water greatly influence the aromatic profiles of various baijiu flavors, with key chemical elements of sulfate (S) and strontium (Sr). Isotope analyses of δ¹⁸O and δ²H isotope identified the source of the brewing water as recharge from leakage water in the Tibetan Plateau. As groundwater passes through distinct geological layers—such as carbonate, gypsum, and celestite formations—it significantly affects the flavor characteristics of high-quality baijiu.

赤水河沿岸的白酒公司对当地经济做出了重大贡献。该地区位于中国白酒产值最高的地区，被称为白酒金三角。本研究对赤水河流域和中国其他著名白酒产区的地下水和地表水进行了地球化学分析。结果表明，水岩反应特性对白酒风味的芳香特征影响较大，其中硫酸盐(S)和锶（Sr）是关键化学元素。由于地下水流经不同的地质层，如碳酸盐层、石膏层和天青石层，它会显著影响高品质白酒的风味特征。

引用次数: 0

Environmental evidence of surface manifestations of regional groundwater flows in the lower Colorado River Basin: the case Mexicali Valley, Mexico 科罗拉多河下游地区地下水流动地表表现的环境证据：以墨西哥墨西卡利河谷为例

IF 4.9 Q2 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Groundwater for Sustainable Development

Pub Date : 2025-09-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.gsd.2025.101510

Yussef Ricardo Abud-Russell , Gonzalo Hatch-Kuri , María del Carmen Carmona Lara , Tatiana Aguilar-Castillo

Transboundary water in the Lower Colorado River Basin, shared between Mexico and the United States, demands robust, collaborative governance frameworks to address drought and increasing water demands. Although groundwater resources have become increasingly strategic for meeting water demands in both countries, they rarely receive formal consideration in official studies. Through geospatial analysis, this research delineates for the US portion of the Lower Colorado River Basin, the spatial distribution of recharge and discharge zones within the interconnected groundwater and surface water systems to characterize the regional components of groundwater flow. Employing a methodology based on the Tóthian framework of gravity-driven groundwater flow systems, the study emphasizes the interconnection of groundwater with perennial surface water, soil taxonomy, land use and land-forms as indirect evidence of its surface manifestation throughout this basin. The results are represented in discharge and recharge zones related to regional groundwater flow. Results highlight the need for binational data homologation and integration process to strengthen the available groundwater assessment tools for sustainable management in the U.S.-Mexico border.

墨西哥和美国共享的科罗拉多河下游流域的跨界水资源需要强有力的合作治理框架来应对干旱和日益增长的用水需求。虽然地下水资源在满足这两个国家的用水需求方面日益具有战略意义，但它们很少在官方研究中得到正式考虑。本研究通过地理空间分析，描绘了科罗拉多河下游美国部分地下水和地表水系统相互连通的补给和排放带的空间分布，以表征地下水流动的区域成分。该研究采用基于Tóthian重力驱动地下水流动系统框架的方法，强调地下水与常年地表水、土壤分类、土地利用和土地形态的相互联系，作为其在整个流域地表表现的间接证据。结果在与区域地下水流动有关的排水和补给带中得到了体现。结果强调了两国数据统一和整合过程的必要性，以加强美国-墨西哥边境可持续管理的可用地下水评估工具。

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引用次数: 0

Control of Al2O3/TiO2 sorbent synthesis parameters to enhance fluoride remediation of impaired water resources 控制Al2O3/TiO2吸附剂合成参数，加强对受损水资源的氟修复

IF 4.9 Q2 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Groundwater for Sustainable Development

Pub Date : 2025-09-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.gsd.2025.101512

Gabriel T. Colledge, John G. Outram, Graeme J. Millar

Alumina is widely used for fluoride ion removal due to its high affinity but is limited by low uptake capacity and structural instability. To overcome these issues, innovative alumina-titania sorbents were developed using co-precipitation. These sorbents maintained a surface area of ∼260 m²/g and pore volume of ∼0.21 cm³/g regardless of feed flow rate. However, low NaOH molarity significantly increased surface area, peaking at 343 m²/g with 1 M NaOH. Aging also enhanced surface area, reaching ∼315 m²/g.

Equilibrium isotherms showed that a feed flow rate of 25 mL/min achieved the highest fluoride uptake (0.19 meq/g). NaOH concentrations ≤4 M produced favourable isotherm profiles, while ≥4 M resulted in unfavourable outcomes. Aging the synthesis mixture for 1–2 h was optimal, as extended aging reduced isotherm performance.

The Al₂O₃/TiO₂ sorbents also removed calcium, magnesium, barium, strontium, potassium, and silica from groundwater. Optimal synthesis conditions were identified as a 25 mL/min feed flow rate, 2 M NaOH concentration, and a 2-h aging time. The sorption mechanism combined electrostatic attraction and ligand exchange, highlighting the potential of these materials for multifunctional water treatment.

氧化铝因其高亲和力而被广泛应用于除氟，但受吸收能力低和结构不稳定的限制。为了克服这些问题，利用共沉淀法开发了新型的氧化铝-二氧化钛吸附剂。无论进料流量如何，这些吸附剂的表面积保持在~ 260 m2/g，孔隙体积保持在~ 0.21 cm3/g。然而，低NaOH的摩尔浓度显著增加了表面积，当NaOH浓度为1m时，表面积达到343 m2/g。老化也增加了表面积，达到~ 315 m2/g。平衡等温线显示，进料流量为25 mL/min时，氟吸收量最高（0.19 meq/g）。NaOH浓度≤4 M产生有利的等温线曲线，而≥4 M则产生不利的结果。时效1 ~ 2 h为最佳，延长时效降低了等温线性能。Al2O3/TiO2吸附剂还能去除地下水中的钙、镁、钡、锶、钾和二氧化硅。最佳合成条件为进料流速为25 mL/min， NaOH浓度为2 M，老化时间为2 h。吸附机制结合了静电吸引和配体交换，突出了这些材料在多功能水处理方面的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Hybrid machine learning for predicting groundwater level: A comparison of boosting algorithms with neural networks 用于预测地下水位的混合机器学习：提升算法与神经网络的比较

IF 4.9 Q2 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Groundwater for Sustainable Development

Pub Date : 2025-08-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.gsd.2025.101508

Milad Barzegar , Saba Gharehdash , Faysal Chowdhury , Ming Liu , Wendy Timms

This study proposes a novel hybrid machine learning framework that integrates gradient boosting (XGBoost, LGBM) and neural network models (LSTM, MLP) with Basin Hopping Optimization (BHO) to improve groundwater level forecasting. The approach simultaneously optimizes input lag times and model hyperparameters, addressing a key limitation in previous studies. Four hybrid models (XGBoost-BHO, LGBM-BHO, LSTM-BHO, MLP-BHO) are evaluated for daily one-to seven-day-ahead predictions, incorporating meteorological inputs. Results showed that all models achieved high predictive accuracy (R² > 0.98), with LSTM-BHO yielding the lowest MAE and RMSE across both boreholes. Boosting models, particularly XGBoost-BHO, demonstrated strong short-term performance with narrow residual distributions and significantly lower computation time. These findings highlight the effectiveness of combining machine learning and metaheuristic optimization for robust groundwater forecasting.

本文提出了一种新的混合机器学习框架，该框架将梯度增强（XGBoost， LGBM）和神经网络模型（LSTM， MLP）与盆地跳跃优化（BHO）相结合，以改进地下水位预测。该方法同时优化了输入滞后时间和模型超参数，解决了以往研究中的一个关键限制。结合气象输入，对四种混合模式（XGBoost-BHO、LGBM-BHO、LSTM-BHO、MLP-BHO）进行了每日1 - 7天预报评估。结果表明，所有模型都具有较高的预测精度（R2 > 0.98），其中LSTM-BHO在两个井眼中产生的MAE和RMSE最低。增强模型，特别是XGBoost-BHO，表现出较强的短期性能，残差分布窄，计算时间显著缩短。这些发现强调了将机器学习和元启发式优化相结合用于稳健地下水预测的有效性。

引用次数: 0

Preventing lead (Pb) contamination in rural community water systems in LMICs through analytical screening, policy and standards enforcement, and supply chain interventions 通过分析筛选、政策和标准执行以及供应链干预措施，预防中低收入国家农村社区水系统中的铅污染

IF 4.9 Q2 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Groundwater for Sustainable Development

Pub Date : 2025-08-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.gsd.2025.101509

Siddhartha Roy , Michael B. Fisher , Solomon Minyila , Zakaria Seidu , Kaida Liang , Aaron A. Salzberg

Lead (Pb) is a neurotoxic metal that can leach into potable water from plumbing components. This study investigated Pb contamination in rural community water systems in Ghana to inform strategies for reducing its occurrence in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). We screened 101 systems, including 83 borehole handpumps and 17 mechanized piped systems, installed across seven districts during 2019–22, using a handheld X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) analyzer. Despite manufacturer assurances that components were lead-free, 57 % of tanks in borehole handpumps and 100 % of taps in mechanized systems exceeded the international “lead-free” standard of 0.25 % Pb w/w. Other components like riser pipes, rods, cylinders, and foot valves generally met standards. There were no significant differences in Pb content (p > 0.05) for systems across districts or installation years. Consequently, we engaged original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) to source truly lead-free alternatives. Stainless steel taps from one manufacturer replaced leaded brass taps, and a second manufacturer custom-fabricated stainless steel handpump tanks and spouts to replace lead-containing galvanized steel components. These were verified lead-free via XRF before installation. Despite initial claims from multiple OEMs that sourcing lead-free components would be prohibitively difficult or expensive, the switch was logistically feasible and increased overall installation costs by only 2 % or less. Our findings highlight vulnerabilities in global plumbing supply chains and manufacturing practices that can introduce Pb and harm consumers, and illustrate the value of independently verifying OEM assurances and specifications for lead-free components. We offer guidance for implementers to mitigate water Pb contamination, with some measures also limiting iron corrosion-related system failures. This includes adherence to product quality standards, analytical screening considerations, supply chain interventions, water quality monitoring, and progressive remediation of existing systems. This case study suggests that eliminating Pb from rural water systems is feasible and cost-effective in Ghana and other LMIC settings.

铅（Pb）是一种神经毒性金属，可以从管道部件浸出到饮用水中。本研究调查了加纳农村社区供水系统中的铅污染，为中低收入国家减少铅污染的战略提供信息。我们使用手持式x射线荧光（XRF）分析仪筛选了101个系统，包括83个井眼手动泵和17个机械化管道系统，这些系统在2019-22年期间安装在七个地区。尽管制造商保证组件是无铅的，但57%的井眼手动泵储罐和100%的机械化系统水龙头都超过了国际“无铅”标准0.25%的铅w/w。其他部件，如立管、杆、气缸和底阀，一般符合标准。不同地区、不同安装年限系统的铅含量无显著差异（p > 0.05）。因此，我们聘请原始设备制造商（oem）来采购真正的无铅替代品。一家制造商的不锈钢水龙头取代了含铅黄铜水龙头，另一家制造商定制了不锈钢手动泵水箱和喷嘴，以取代含铅的镀锌钢部件。在安装前，通过XRF验证这些材料无铅。尽管多家原始设备制造商最初声称，采购无铅组件将非常困难或昂贵，但这种转换在物流上是可行的，并且只增加了2%或更少的总安装成本。我们的研究结果突出了全球管道供应链和制造实践中的漏洞，这些漏洞可能会引入铅并伤害消费者，并说明了独立验证OEM保证和无铅组件规格的价值。我们为执行者提供指导，以减轻水中的铅污染，并采取一些措施，也限制了与铁腐蚀有关的系统故障。这包括遵守产品质量标准、分析筛选考虑、供应链干预、水质监测和现有系统的逐步补救。本案例研究表明，在加纳和其他低收入和中等收入国家，从农村供水系统中消除铅是可行且具有成本效益的。

{"title":"Preventing lead (Pb) contamination in rural community water systems in LMICs through analytical screening, policy and standards enforcement, and supply chain interventions","authors":"Siddhartha Roy , Michael B. Fisher , Solomon Minyila , Zakaria Seidu , Kaida Liang , Aaron A. Salzberg","doi":"10.1016/j.gsd.2025.101509","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gsd.2025.101509","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lead (Pb) is a neurotoxic metal that can leach into potable water from plumbing components. This study investigated Pb contamination in rural community water systems in Ghana to inform strategies for reducing its occurrence in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). We screened 101 systems, including 83 borehole handpumps and 17 mechanized piped systems, installed across seven districts during 2019–22, using a handheld X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) analyzer. Despite manufacturer assurances that components were lead-free, 57 % of tanks in borehole handpumps and 100 % of taps in mechanized systems exceeded the international “lead-free” standard of 0.25 % Pb w/w. Other components like riser pipes, rods, cylinders, and foot valves generally met standards. There were no significant differences in Pb content (p > 0.05) for systems across districts or installation years. Consequently, we engaged original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) to source truly lead-free alternatives. Stainless steel taps from one manufacturer replaced leaded brass taps, and a second manufacturer custom-fabricated stainless steel handpump tanks and spouts to replace lead-containing galvanized steel components. These were verified lead-free via XRF before installation. Despite initial claims from multiple OEMs that sourcing lead-free components would be prohibitively difficult or expensive, the switch was logistically feasible and increased overall installation costs by only 2 % or less. Our findings highlight vulnerabilities in global plumbing supply chains and manufacturing practices that can introduce Pb and harm consumers, and illustrate the value of independently verifying OEM assurances and specifications for lead-free components. We offer guidance for implementers to mitigate water Pb contamination, with some measures also limiting iron corrosion-related system failures. This includes adherence to product quality standards, analytical screening considerations, supply chain interventions, water quality monitoring, and progressive remediation of existing systems. This case study suggests that eliminating Pb from rural water systems is feasible and cost-effective in Ghana and other LMIC settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37879,"journal":{"name":"Groundwater for Sustainable Development","volume":"31 ","pages":"Article 101509"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144917545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Neutralization of pH and removal of heavy metals from acid mine water by using low-cost biosorbents in batch and column studies 间歇式和柱式低成本生物吸附剂对酸性矿井水中pH值的中和和重金属的去除研究

IF 4.9 Q2 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Groundwater for Sustainable Development

Pub Date : 2025-08-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.gsd.2025.101506

Fida Hussain , Lan Hee Kim , Sang-Eun Oh , Sungpyo Kim

The present research explored raw oyster shell (RO), oyster shell biochar (OB), and ginkgo leaves biochar (LB) as low-cost biosorbents for heavy metal removal and pH neutralization from acid mine water. Five adsorbents were tested in batch mode. The results showed that OB, RO, and LB effectively removed Cd²⁺ (57–98 %), Cu²⁺ (93–99 %), and Fe²⁺ (96–99 %), while Mn²⁺ (7–57 %) and Zn²⁺ (18–97 %) exhibited lower removal efficiencies. RO and OB also increased solution pH to ∼6.3 due to their alkaline buffering capacity. LB, OB, and RO were further tested in series columns. RO and OB with 31.1, 93.5, and 185 min HRTs were tested in primary columns. A hybrid column with LB, OB, and RO was tested at 93.5 min HRT to enhance removal efficiency. Increasing HRT improved both metal removal and breakthrough times. RO and OB with 185 min HRT removed ∼71 % Cd²⁺, ∼93 % Cu²⁺, ∼6 % Mn²⁺, ∼52 % Fe²⁺, and ∼11 % Zn²⁺ from the primary column. In the secondary hybrid column, 99.53 % Cd²⁺, 100 % Cu²⁺, 55.20 % Mn²⁺, 100 % Fe²⁺, and 74.03 % Zn²⁺ were removed. Cu²⁺ > Fe²⁺ > Cd²⁺> Zn²⁺> Mn²⁺ was the column mode metal removal order. The columns' pH profiles changed significantly during metal sorption, suggesting buffering processes and acidic metal ion elimination. Column modeling using Thomas and Yoon–Nelson equations confirmed high adsorption capacities and extended breakthrough times, particularly in the hybrid system. Mechanistic analysis via SEM–EDS revealed surface deposition and co-precipitation of Cd²⁺, Cu²⁺, and Fe²⁺ on RO and OB, while FTIR spectra and XRD patterns confirmed the roles of carbonate, hydroxyl, phosphate, and amine groups in metal binding. LB's porous structure and functional groups enhanced Mn²⁺ and Zn²⁺ removal through complexation and diffusion-driven sorption. The findings support the potential of oyster shell-based composites as sustainable biosorbents for the remediation of metal-contaminated, acid mine water, and highlight future opportunities for optimization through surface functionalization and hybrid treatment designs.

研究了生牡蛎壳（RO）、牡蛎壳生物炭（OB）和银杏叶生物炭（LB）作为低成本的生物吸附剂对酸性矿井水中重金属的去除和pH的中和。对五种吸附剂进行了批量测试。结果表明，OB、RO和LB对Cd2+(57 ~ 98%)、Cu2+(93 ~ 99%)和Fe2+(96 ~ 99%)的去除率较低，对Mn2+(7 ~ 57%)和Zn2+(18 ~ 97%)的去除率较低。由于其碱性缓冲能力，RO和OB也将溶液pH提高到~ 6.3。在串联柱上进一步检测LB、OB和RO。RO和OB分别在主柱中检测hrt为31.1、93.5和185 min。在93.5 min HRT下测试了LB、OB和RO的混合色谱柱，以提高去除效率。增加HRT可以改善金属去除和突破时间。RO和OB在185 min HRT下从主柱中去除~ 71% Cd2+， ~ 93% Cu2+, ~ 6% Mn2+， ~ 52% Fe2+和~ 11% Zn2+。二级杂化柱中Cd2+去除率为99.53%，Cu2+去除率为100%，Mn2+去除率为55.20%，Fe2+去除率为100%，Zn2+去除率为74.03%。Cu2+ > Fe2+ > Cd2+> Zn2+>； Mn2+为柱型金属去除顺序。在金属吸附过程中，色谱柱的pH值变化明显，表明缓冲过程和酸性金属离子的消除。使用Thomas和Yoon-Nelson方程的柱状模型证实了高吸附能力和延长的突破时间，特别是在混合体系中。SEM-EDS的机理分析表明，在RO和OB表面有Cd2+、Cu2+和Fe2+的沉积和共沉淀，FTIR光谱和XRD谱图证实了碳酸盐、羟基、磷酸基和胺基在金属结合中的作用。LB的多孔结构和官能团通过络合和扩散驱动吸附增强了Mn2+和Zn2+的去除。这些发现支持了牡蛎壳基复合材料作为可持续生物吸附剂修复金属污染、酸性矿山水的潜力，并强调了通过表面功能化和混合处理设计进行优化的未来机会。

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引用次数: 0

Integration of hydrogeophysical and remote sensing data for enhanced groundwater potential mapping in fractured limestone aquifers: A case study in southeast Beni Suef, Egypt 整合水文地球物理和遥感数据增强裂缝性石灰岩含水层地下水潜力制图：以埃及贝尼苏韦夫东南部为例

IF 4.9 Q2 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Groundwater for Sustainable Development

Pub Date : 2025-08-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.gsd.2025.101507

Hakeem Musaed , Khaled Gemail , Sayed Bedair , Mohamed El Alfy

Identifying groundwater potential zones in arid regions is crucial in mitigating depletion and enhancing the sustainability of water resources and food security. To develop an effective groundwater management framework for fractured aquifers in these regions, a thorough understanding of the site's conceptual flow model is crucial for ensuring irrigation water sustainability. It is essential to discern the groundwater potential zones (GWPZs) that have a high likelihood of accessing groundwater resources. This study aims to establish an integrated framework for mapping GWPZs in fractured limestone aquifers by capitalizing on remote sensing (RS) and surficial Direct Current (DC) resistivity data within a Geographic Information System (GIS) environment. By harmonizing surface (precipitation rates, lineament density, watershed, drainage system, land use) and hydrogeophysical data (layer thicknesses, aquifer resistivity, overburden infiltration capacity, and buried geologic structures), this holistic approach aspires to enhance the understanding of hydrogeological frameworks in limestone aquifers, encompassing geological features, hydrological pathways, and hydraulic properties. Focused on the southeastern Beni Suef area, the current findings pinpoint groundwater zones and provide insights into groundwater movement and recharge mechanisms. The area highly suitable for artificial recharge spans 53.71 km² (41 %), whereas the good and low-suitability zones cover 29.98 km² (23 %) and 43.30 km² (33 %), respectively. The resulting framework exhibits potential for broader applications in analogous arid regions, streamlining groundwater exploration, fostering artificial recharge strategies, and promoting sustainable water resource management practices on a global scale. Ultimately, this research not only aids local decision-makers in optimizing groundwater use but also contributes to international efforts to achieve sustainable development goals related to water security and environmental resilience.

确定干旱地区的地下水潜力区对于缓解枯竭和加强水资源的可持续性和粮食安全至关重要。为了在这些地区为裂缝含水层制定有效的地下水管理框架，彻底了解场地的概念流模型对于确保灌溉用水的可持续性至关重要。识别地下水潜力区是地下水资源获取可能性较大的区域。本研究旨在利用地理信息系统（GIS）环境下的遥感（RS）和地表直流（DC）电阻率数据，建立一个综合框架，用于绘制裂缝性石灰岩含水层的gwpz。通过协调地表（降水率、线条密度、分水岭、排水系统、土地利用）和水文地球物理数据（层厚、含水层电阻率、覆盖层渗透能力和埋藏地质结构），这种整体方法旨在加强对石灰岩含水层水文地质框架的理解，包括地质特征、水文路径和水力特性。目前的研究结果主要集中在贝尼苏韦夫东南部地区，确定了地下水带，并提供了地下水运动和补给机制的见解。高度适宜区面积为53.71 km2(41%)，适宜区面积为29.98 km2(23%)，适宜区面积为43.30 km2（33%）。由此产生的框架显示出在类似干旱地区更广泛应用的潜力，简化地下水勘探，促进人工补给战略，并在全球范围内促进可持续水资源管理实践。最终，本研究不仅有助于地方决策者优化地下水利用，而且有助于实现与水安全和环境恢复力相关的可持续发展目标的国际努力。

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引用次数: 0

Comparative study of hydrochemical and machine learning methods for Fe anomaly identification and NBLs estimation in shallow groundwater of representative hydrogeological units in the North China plain 华北平原代表性水文地质单元浅层地下水铁异常识别与NBLs估算的水化学与机器学习方法对比研究

IF 4.9 Q2 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Groundwater for Sustainable Development

Pub Date : 2025-08-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.gsd.2025.101505

Nini Li , Jiangtao He , Baonan He , Yanjia Chu , Zhen Chen

Iron (Fe) in groundwater results from both natural sedimentation and human activities, impacting biogeochemical cycles and the migration of various components. Increased human activities have disrupted Fe concentrations, causing deviations from the natural state. Thus, identifying Fe anomalies and determining its natural background levels (NBLs) are crucial. In this study, based on subdivided NBLs units, four typical units were selected for anomaly identification using Iterative 2-Sigma method, modified hydrochemical method (MI-OPT), and Isolation Forest model. The results showed that the MI-OPT method showed stable performance and also identified anomalies related to hydrochemical indicators. The Isolation Forest model efficiently detected Fe anomalies through a machine learning-based partitioning approach. In contrast, the Iterative 2-Sigma method exhibited instability due to its dependence on data distribution. Based on the distribution characteristics of the remaining data, the anomaly identification results from the MI-OPT method were selected as the final reference for determining the NBLs of Fe in the four units, with the upper limits being 0.45 mg/L, 2.80 mg/L, 2.58 mg/L, and 1.59 mg/L, progressively transitioning from the recharge area to the runoff and discharge areas. Additionally, an integrated analysis incorporating information entropy, PPI values, and environmental pollution source data explained most of the detected anomalies, validating the reliability of the anomaly identification results. The methods and results presented in this study offer a new perspective on Fe anomaly identification in groundwater.

地下水中的铁（Fe）既有自然沉降的结果，也有人类活动的结果，影响着生物地球化学循环和各组分的迁移。人类活动的增加破坏了铁的浓度，导致偏离自然状态。因此，确定铁异常和确定其自然背景水平（NBLs）至关重要。在细分NBLs单元的基础上，选择4个典型单元进行异常识别，分别采用迭代2-Sigma法、改进水化学法（MI-OPT）和隔离森林模型。结果表明，MI-OPT方法性能稳定，并能识别与水化学指标相关的异常。隔离森林模型通过基于机器学习的分区方法有效地检测铁异常。相比之下，迭代2-Sigma方法由于依赖于数据分布而表现出不稳定性。根据剩余数据的分布特征，选择MI-OPT方法异常识别结果作为确定4个单元铁NBLs的最终参考，上限分别为0.45 mg/L、2.80 mg/L、2.58 mg/L和1.59 mg/L，由补给区逐步向径流区和排放区过渡。此外，结合信息熵、PPI值和环境污染源数据的综合分析解释了大多数检测到的异常，验证了异常识别结果的可靠性。本文提出的方法和结果为地下水铁异常识别提供了一个新的视角。

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引用次数: 0

Delineation of groundwater potential zones in hard rock terrains using geospatial techniques and AHP method: A case study from Notse, southern Togo, West Africa 基于地理空间技术和层次分析法的硬岩地形地下水潜势区圈定——以西非多哥南部Notse地区为例

IF 4.9 Q2 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Groundwater for Sustainable Development

Pub Date : 2025-08-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.gsd.2025.101503

Komlavi Eyram Agbotsou , Ayyagari Venkata Surya Satya Anand , Mozimwè Ani , Bendalam Moulika , Edupuganti Naga Dhanamjaya Rao , Kissao Gnandi

Groundwater is essential for human survival and sustainable development. While surface water studies are well documented, knowledge of groundwater resources remains limited. Identifying groundwater potential is key to meeting current and future water demands. This study applied geospatial techniques and the AHP method to delineate groundwater potential zones. Twelve thematic layers were integrated: geomorphology, lithology, slope, lineament density, drainage density, rainfall, distance from rivers, topographic wetness index (TWI), soil type, land use land cover (LULC), curvature and elevation. Results indicate that 66.02 % of the study area has low groundwater potential, 33.94 % has moderate potential and only 0.04 % is classified as high potential. Map-removal and single-parameters sensitivity analyses confirm the stability of the AHP model. Validation using borehole data and the ROC curve analysis confirms strong agreement (90 % and 87.5 %) with the predicted zones, demonstrating the model’s reliability for groundwater potential assessment in Notse. These findings offer a scientific foundation for developing sustainable groundwater management strategies, aligned with Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) 2 and 6

地下水对人类生存和可持续发展至关重要。虽然对地表水的研究有充分的记录，但对地下水资源的了解仍然有限。确定地下水潜力是满足当前和未来用水需求的关键。应用地理空间技术和层次分析法对地下水潜力带进行了圈定。12个主题层被整合在一起：地貌、岩性、坡度、线条密度、排水密度、降雨量、与河流的距离、地形湿度指数（TWI）、土壤类型、土地利用土地覆盖（LULC）、曲率和高程。结果表明：研究区66.02%为低潜力区，33.94%为中等潜力区，仅有0.04%为高潜力区。图谱去除和单参数敏感性分析证实了AHP模型的稳定性。利用钻孔资料和ROC曲线分析验证了模型与预测带的一致性（90%和87.5%），证明了该模型在Notse地区地下水潜力评价中的可靠性。这些发现为制定符合可持续发展目标2和6的可持续地下水管理战略提供了科学基础

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