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Between Fear and Hope: The Privatization of Government Higher Education Institutions in Saudi Arabia and the Role of Leadership in Managing Change 在恐惧与希望之间:沙特阿拉伯政府高等教育机构的私有化和领导在管理变革中的作用
Q4 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2022-12-30 DOI: 10.37391/ijbmr.100402
Dr. Areej Shafai
The purpose of this paper is to provide an analysis of privatization as it applies to public universities and colleges in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. It also aims to critically reflect on the expected concerns due to the new environmental change resulting from the implementation of privatization and its impact on performance. There is a scarcity of existing literature on how privatization affects employee performance, and whether or not employees remain competent in their new environment. This paper also focuses on the significant role of leadership as organizations transition from public organizations to privatized ones. An in-depth content analysis of the privatization of public Saudi higher education institutions was adapted as a methodological approach to this study. Through this approach, the gap that exists between the new transformations, the leadership required, and the necessary preparations for privatization were analyzed. The major findings indicate that the idea of privatization in and of itself constitutes a great fear and anxiety for employees due to the organizational, administrative, and cultural change that privatization may bring. Higher education institutions are in dire need of influential and visionary leaders who can manage and facilitate the privatization process to ensure its success and achievement of the desired goals. The paper explores the nature, potential consequences, and concerns of privatization. It highlights the importance of leadership as a fundamental pillar of change.
本文的目的是提供私有化的分析,因为它适用于公立大学和学院在沙特阿拉伯王国。它的目的还在于批判性地反思由于私有化的实施所引起的新环境变化及其对业绩的影响所引起的预期问题。关于私有化如何影响员工绩效以及员工是否在新环境中保持能力的现有文献很少。本文还关注了领导在组织从公共组织向私有化组织过渡中的重要作用。本研究采用了对沙特公立高等教育机构私有化的深入内容分析作为方法论方法。通过这种方法,分析了新的改革、所需的领导和私有化的必要准备之间存在的差距。主要研究结果表明,由于私有化可能带来的组织、行政和文化变革,私有化的想法本身就对员工构成了极大的恐惧和焦虑。高等教育机构迫切需要有影响力和有远见的领导人,他们能够管理和促进私有化进程,以确保其成功和实现预期目标。本文探讨了私有化的性质、潜在后果和关注问题。它强调了领导力作为变革的根本支柱的重要性。
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引用次数: 1
The Relationship between Big Five Personality Traits and Procrastination among Students of International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM) 马来西亚国际伊斯兰大学学生五大人格特质与拖延症的关系
Q4 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2022-09-30 DOI: 10.37391/ijbmr.100302
Nishat Naila Hossain, M. Hossain
Background: The current study examines the relationship between the Big Five personality traits (Openness, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness and Neuroticism) and Procrastination (Active and/or Passive) among the undergraduate students of International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM). Sample: The participants of this study are 101 covering undergraduate students of IIUM that includes 20 male and 81 female, age ranging from 19 to 28 years old. (M = 22.81, SD = 1.7) who participated in this study. The research design of this study is Cross sectional survey design and participants were chosen by Convenient Random Sampling. Methods: Personality traits were measured using Big Five Inventory (BFI) and procrastination was measured using “Tuckman Procrastination Scale” and “Active Procrastination Scale”. Findings: Karl Pearson’s correlation indicates that this study supports some of the hypotheses. This study found significant relationship between different personality traits and passive procrastination and different dimensions of active procrastination. From the result of this study, it can be observed that conscientiousness has a relationship with both passive and active procrastination. Agreeableness positively correlated with only active procrastination. Neuroticism negatively correlated with both type of procrastination whereas extraversion positively correlated with passive procrastination and active procrastination.
背景:本研究旨在探讨马来西亚国际伊斯兰大学(IIUM)本科生的五大人格特质(开放性、严谨性、外向性、亲和性和神经质)与拖延症(主动和/或被动)之间的关系。样本:本研究的参与者为101名IIUM的本科生,其中男性20人,女性81人,年龄在19 - 28岁之间。(M = 22.81, SD = 1.7)。本研究的研究设计为横断面调查设计,研究对象采用方便随机抽样。方法:采用大五人格量表(BFI)测量人格特质,采用塔克曼拖延量表(Tuckman procrastination Scale)和主动拖延量表(Active procrastination Scale)测量拖延。研究结果:卡尔·皮尔森的相关性表明,本研究支持了一些假设。本研究发现,不同人格特质与被动拖延症及主动拖延症的不同维度存在显著的关系。从本研究的结果可以看出,尽责性与被动拖延症和主动拖延症都有关系。宜人性只与主动拖延呈正相关。神经质与两种类型的拖延均呈负相关,而外向性与被动拖延和主动拖延呈正相关。
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引用次数: 0
Reducing Voluntary Employee Turnover in Small Construction Companies for Long-term Productivity 减少小型建筑公司的自愿员工流动率,提高长期生产力
Q4 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2022-09-30 DOI: 10.37391/ijbmr.100301
Prof. Dr. Joel Chagadama, Prof. Dr. Desire S. Luamba, Prof. Dr. Ir. Edouard M. Mutamba
Voluntary employee turnover has caused considerable damage to small construction businesses, significantly affecting productivity, profitability, and sustainability. Based on job embeddedness theory, this qualitative multiple case study aimed to explore strategies small construction business owners use to reduce voluntary employee turnover. Participants were 4 successful small construction business owners in Virginia who successfully implemented strategies that reduced voluntary employee turnover by 75% over 5 years. Data were collected from company documents and semi-structured interviews. The three primary themes that emerged from the data analysis were; effective human resource management, favorable working conditions, and employee engagement. A key recommendation for small construction business owners is to improve human resource management, working conditions, and employee engagement. Reducing voluntary employee turnover is critical to business cost reduction and increasing key business processes’ performance. In addition, small construction business owners may use the results of this study to offer job stability to employees and increase families' and governments' incomes to realize some basic projects from revenue generated by employees’ vast career opportunities.
自愿离职对小型建筑企业造成了相当大的损害,严重影响了生产率、盈利能力和可持续性。基于工作嵌入理论,本定性多案例研究旨在探讨小型建筑企业主减少员工自愿离职的策略。参与者是弗吉尼亚州四个成功的小型建筑企业主,他们成功地实施了策略,在5年内将自愿员工流失率降低了75%。数据收集自公司文件和半结构化访谈。从数据分析中得出的三个主要主题是;有效的人力资源管理,良好的工作条件和员工敬业度。对小型建筑企业主的一个关键建议是改善人力资源管理、工作条件和员工敬业度。减少员工自愿离职对于降低业务成本和提高关键业务流程的绩效至关重要。此外,小型建筑企业主可以利用本研究的结果,为员工提供稳定的工作,增加家庭和政府的收入,从员工巨大的职业机会产生的收入中实现一些基础项目。
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引用次数: 1
Liquidity Shocks and The Bank Lending Channel: Evidence from Lower-Middle Income Economies 流动性冲击与银行贷款渠道:来自中低收入经济体的证据
Q4 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2022-06-30 DOI: 10.37391/ijbmr.100202
Ibtissem Issaoui, M. Nabi
This paper examines the impacts of central banks’ liquidity injections on commercial banks’ credit supply in thirty-two lower-middle income economies over the period 1990 until 2020. We use a SVAR panel model to analyze the dynamic interactions between the central bank balance sheet policy, bank liquidity, and bank lending. The results show that liquidity injections have a non-significant impact on the credit to the private sector and a persistent positive impact on banks’ liquid reserves. These results confirm the inefficiency of the bank lending channel in transmitting the central bank balance sheet monetary policy to the real economy in the considered LMIC’s.
本文考察了1990年至2020年期间32个中低收入经济体中央银行流动性注入对商业银行信贷供应的影响。我们使用SVAR面板模型来分析央行资产负债表政策、银行流动性和银行贷款之间的动态相互作用。结果表明,流动性注入对私营部门信贷的影响不显著,对银行流动准备金的影响持续为正。这些结果证实了银行贷款渠道在将央行资产负债表货币政策传递给所考虑的中低收入国家实体经济方面的低效率。
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引用次数: 2
Disciplinary Guarantees for the Public Employee in the Saudi Law 沙特法律中公职人员的纪律保障
Q4 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2022-06-30 DOI: 10.37391/ijbmr.100201
Dr. Yaser Salim Alqurashi
The Saudi law has granted the administration numerous disciplinary powers against the public employee in the area of its disciplinary responsibility; however, in light of these disciplinary and punitive powers of the administration, the public employee must be protected from any tyranny, abuse, injustice, or bargaining that may be exercised against him by some of the administration's people. As a result, these protections shield public employees from the administration's tyranny, persecution, and arbitrariness. Thus, the purpose of this research is to uncover the disciplinary guarantees for public employees in the Saudi law, as well as their sufficiency in protecting the public employee and guaranteeing that the administration does not use them as a means of tyranny or arbitrariness. The study subject concerned the adequacy of these guarantees in the Saudi legislation, and the significance of the research lay in determining the adequacy of these guarantees in order to achieve protection for public employees. Furthermore, the researcher employed the descriptive, analytical, and comparative method, by collecting facts and data, analyzing them, and comparing them in order to elucidate the features linked to the study's issue. Finally, the study's results revealed that there are some problems in achieving guarantees of protection for the public employee from the administration's arbitrariness and tyranny in the Saudi law, and the researcher suggested some amendments to the legislation related to the disciplinary responsibility of the public employee in the Saudi law to ensure his complete protection from any abuse or tyranny by the administration.
沙特法律赋予行政当局在其纪律责任范围内对公职人员的许多纪律处分权力;然而,鉴于行政部门的这些纪律和惩罚权力,公职人员必须受到保护,不受某些行政部门人员可能对他施加的任何暴政、滥用、不公正或讨价还价的影响。因此,这些保护措施使公职人员免受政府的暴政、迫害和专断。因此,本研究的目的是揭示沙特法律中对公职人员的纪律保障,以及它们在保护公职人员和保证行政部门不将其作为暴政或专断手段方面的充分性。研究主题涉及沙特立法中这些保障的充分性,研究的意义在于确定这些保障的充分性,以实现对公职人员的保护。此外,研究人员采用了描述、分析和比较的方法,通过收集事实和数据,分析和比较,以阐明与研究问题相关的特征。最后,研究结果揭示了沙特法律在保障公职人员免受行政专断和暴政方面存在一些问题,研究者建议对沙特法律中有关公职人员纪律责任的立法进行一些修改,以确保公职人员完全免受行政部门的任何滥用或暴政。
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引用次数: 0
Harmony Plus Future Leader Academy: A Leadership Program Co-Developed by Students 和谐+未来领袖学院:由学生共同开发的领导力课程
Q4 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2022-03-30 DOI: 10.37391/ijbmr.100103
Matthew Brown, C. Buttke, W. Doolittle, Zefan Feng, Nina Li, Allen Wang, Patrick Wang
What is the general purpose of leadership education? The answer may be based on who receives such an education. In this case, the students were high schoolers in both the US and Canada enrolled in a special series of online workshops designed to generate a new leadership development model. This article traces the experience of five very gifted students, two teaching assistants, and a visiting professor as they collaborate in designing and learning through a student-centered process. The model originated via the ideas, discussions, and assignment efforts of the students themselves. Each workshop built on previous experience beginning with an assessment of the student’s well-being. Successive workshops in the series (5) formed a working model that is presented in this article. Students then contributed their assignments to a web-based portfolio to utilize in the future.
领导力教育的一般目的是什么?答案可能取决于谁接受了这样的教育。在这个案例中,学生是来自美国和加拿大的高中生,他们参加了一系列特别的在线研讨会,旨在产生一种新的领导力发展模式。本文追溯了五个非常有天赋的学生、两个助教和一个客座教授的经历,他们通过以学生为中心的过程合作设计和学习。这种模式源于学生们自己的想法、讨论和作业。每个工作坊都以以往的经验为基础,从评估学生的健康状况开始。系列(5)中的连续研讨会形成了本文中呈现的工作模型。然后,学生们将他们的作业提交到一个基于网络的作品集中,以供将来使用。
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引用次数: 0
Impact of Herzberg Two-Factor Theory on Teachers’ Job Satisfaction: An Implication to the Private Universities of Bangladesh 赫茨伯格双因素理论对教师工作满意度的影响:对孟加拉国私立大学的启示
Q4 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2022-03-30 DOI: 10.37391/ijbmr.100101
Md. Tota Miah, M. Hasan
This paper examines to identify the responsible factors for increasing academician’s job satisfaction of private universities in the northern part of Bangladesh. This study seeks to investigate the suitability of Herzberg Two Factor theory by using five point Likert scale for data collection. To measure these, the researcher has applied descriptive statistics including frequency analysis, mean and standard deviation. The results have been conducted and analyzed of 92 respondents that show the teachers are less satisfied with the working conditions and the research opportunities in their workplace. Furthermore, the salary and fringe benefits as well as the quality of working life (Job security) might have a strong tendency to create job resentment among the teachers. The findings of this study are emphasizing that the hygiene factors, including the Job security, salary and fringe benefits, physical working conditions, research potentials are the most responsible factors causing job dissatisfaction along with some motivational factors such as job autonomy, the way of recognizing teachers' achievement. The researcher ended up that the authority should put high emphasis on faculty job satisfaction by taking care of the hygiene factors as well as the job dissatisfaction avoidance issues (Motivational factors) for a favorable workplace.
本文旨在探讨孟加拉国北部私立大学院士工作满意度提高的影响因素。本研究旨在探讨赫茨伯格双因素理论的适用性,采用五点李克特量表的数据收集。为了测量这些,研究者应用了描述性统计,包括频率分析、平均值和标准差。对92名受访教师的调查结果进行了分析,结果显示教师对工作环境和研究机会的满意度较低。此外,工资和福利以及工作生活的质量(工作保障)可能会在教师中产生强烈的工作怨恨。本研究结果强调,健康因素(包括工作保障、薪酬福利、身体工作条件、研究潜力)和激励因素(如工作自主性、教师成就的认可方式)是导致教师对工作不满意的最主要因素。研究者认为,为了营造一个良好的工作环境,当局应该重视教师的工作满意度,既要注意卫生因素,又要注意避免工作不满意的问题(动机因素)。
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引用次数: 0
Impacts of Employee Engagement and Workforce Productivity on Retail Companies 员工敬业度与劳动力生产率对零售企业的影响
Q4 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2022-03-22 DOI: 10.37391/ijbmr.100102
Dr. Sada H. Jaman, Dr. Kevin C. James, Desire S. Luamba
Employee disengagement has become a big concern for retail companies to increase productivity. In the United States, retail companies lose at least $96 billion in revenue every year. Using transformational leadership theory, the purpose of this qualitative multiple case study was to explore strategies needed by retail companies to improve employee engagement and increase workforce productivity. From data collected using face-to-face open-ended interview questions with 4 retail business leaders located in the eastern region of the United States and who have experienced this phenomenon; three major themes emerged. The primary themes that emerged were professional development, collaboration, and work-life balance. Based on the tenets of transformational leadership, the findings indicated that the 3 major themes were strategic to promote employee engagement, improve workforce productivity and financial stability. The findings also reveal that potential leaders could use transformational leadership strategy to improve workforce productivity and financial stability, thereby improving the quality of life for the employees, economic independence, and wellbeing in the local community.
员工离职已成为零售公司提高生产率的一个大问题。在美国,零售公司每年至少损失960亿美元的收入。利用变革型领导理论,本定性多案例研究的目的是探讨零售公司提高员工敬业度和提高劳动力生产力所需的策略。通过对美国东部地区的4位零售商业领袖的面对面开放式访谈问题收集的数据,他们都经历过这种现象;出现了三个主要主题。出现的主要主题是专业发展、协作和工作与生活的平衡。基于变革型领导的原则,研究结果表明,三个主要主题是促进员工敬业度,提高劳动力生产力和财务稳定性的战略。研究结果还表明,潜在的领导者可以使用变革型领导策略来提高劳动力生产率和财务稳定性,从而改善员工的生活质量、经济独立性和当地社区的福祉。
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引用次数: 2
The Benefits of Innovation for Small Businesses 小企业创新的好处
Q4 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2021-12-31 DOI: 10.37391/ijbmr.090405
Desire S. Luamba, Dr. Marvin L. J. Blye, Dr. Ir. Edouard M. Mwema, Dr. Irene A. Williams, Dr. Kevin C. James, Dr. Joel Chagadama
The purpose of this qualitative multiple case study was to explore strategic managerial tools small business owners or managers use to sustain growth over time through Schumpeter’s innovation theory. Five small business owners located in North America were interviewed through face-to-face open-ended interview questions. The results from data analysis collected through interview responses indicated that small business owners or managers attested that their businesses were developed when using innovation as a strategic managerial tool. By contrast, small business owners or managers agreed that the lack of using innovation and understanding the reality of the current business context had an adverse impact on business growth. The findings of this study may also provide small business leaders or managers with critical information to ensure success and better understand strategies small businesses need for long-term growth.
这个定性多案例研究的目的是通过熊彼特的创新理论,探索小企业主或管理者用来维持长期增长的战略管理工具。我们对北美的5位小企业主进行了面对面的开放式面试。通过访谈收集的数据分析结果表明,小企业主或管理者证明他们的业务是在将创新作为战略管理工具时发展起来的。相比之下,小企业主或管理者一致认为,缺乏使用创新和了解当前商业环境的现实对业务增长产生了不利影响。本研究的结果也可以为小企业领导者或管理者提供关键信息,以确保成功,并更好地了解小企业长期增长所需的战略。
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引用次数: 2
Strategies for Developing Trust in Virtual Project Teams 虚拟项目团队信任培养策略
Q4 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2021-12-30 DOI: 10.37391/ijbmr.090404
David A. Ritter, Dr. Irene A. Williams, Dr. Brandon Simmons
Organizational leaders often fail to use the trust building strategies necessary for the successful implementation of virtual project teams (VPTs). Grounded in Meyerson et al.’s swift trust theory, the purpose of this qualitative single case study was to explore strategies project team leaders (PTLs) and project management office leaders in charitable nonprofit organizations leverage to effectively develop trust in VPTs. The participants were six PTLs and project management office leaders from a charitable nonprofit organization in the Washington, DC metropolitan area. Data were collected through semi structured interviews and a review of the organizational documentation. Data analysis occurred through a thematic approach. The major themes emerging from the study were trust, leadership, communication, and technology. A key recommendation is for leaders to create an environment conducive to effective communication and the right technology to facilitate the collaboration and work efforts of the team. The implications for positive social change include the potential for nonprofit organizations to effectively utilize VPTs in support of humanitarian and disaster relief projects for the benefit of people and communities around the world.
组织领导者经常不能使用成功实施虚拟项目团队(vpt)所必需的信任建立策略。基于Meyerson等人的快速信任理论,本定性单一案例研究的目的是探讨慈善非营利组织中项目团队领导者(ptl)和项目管理办公室领导者有效发展ppt信任的策略。参与者是来自华盛顿特区市区一家慈善非营利组织的六名ptl和项目管理办公室负责人。通过半结构化访谈和对组织文件的审查收集数据。通过专题方法进行了数据分析。这项研究的主要主题是信任、领导力、沟通和技术。一个关键的建议是,领导者应该创造一个有利于有效沟通的环境,并使用合适的技术来促进团队的协作和工作努力。对积极的社会变革的影响包括非营利组织有效利用vpt支持人道主义和救灾项目的潜力,以造福世界各地的人民和社区。
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引用次数: 0
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International Journal of Management and Business Research
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