Pub Date : 2019-07-03DOI: 10.1080/17585716.2019.1638560
John Pearce
nants of kinship and grief in the past. Rebay-Salisbury’s chapter also supplies numerous examples of such burials from Bronze Age Austria, with a more specific focus on mother/ child relationships. In addition, she highlights some truly remarkable multiple interments, including the body of a man overlaying three children (DNA results are pending), and the touching burial of two children aged 2 and 6 years, possibly siblings, in an embrace. Inevitably, many of the chapters focus on burial evidence, but a number also incorporate information gleaned from textual sources to aid interpretations. For example, Zoega’s chapter on early Christian household cemeteries from Northern Iceland shows how three-generation households were common. The importance of this lived proximity for the transmission of inter-generational knowledge, experience and familial identity was significant. These cemeteries add another dimension to the Icelandic Sagas which more often present a negative image of old age, with a diminution of power and status. It reminds us that power has different forms. Gallou’s chapter on Minoan and Mycenaean societies of the late Bronze Age Aegean is one of the few that focuses on material rather than skeletal evidence. She provides a rich array of relevant evidence for children and older generations, including artistic depictions of elderly women playing active roles in ritual healing, as well as childcare and funerary preparations. Other chapters from Le Roy and colleagues examine the under-representation and occasional complete absence of children under 5 years from Neolithic burial contexts in France. Denham and colleagues highlight the value of cremated human remains and archival records for understanding age-related burial practice in the Bronze and Iron Age in Norway. Given the focus on skeletal remains throughout the book, it is apt that the final chapter by Maaranen and Buckberry addresses the thorny problem of skeletal age estimation and the tendency for current techniques to under-estimate age-at-death of older people and thus contribute to their invisibility. Overall, this is an excellent book and I highly recommend it. My only minor criticism is that the introduction felt a bit cursory and could have done more to set the scene in terms of current theoretical and methodological approaches to the life course. The book would also have benefited from a concluding chapter to highlight key themes and future directions. The book showcases innovative and creative approaches for exploring hitherto elusive intergenerational relationships in the past. I will leave you with Gallou’s (70) pertinent observation at the end of her excellent chapter: ‘There is no foot too small or too old that it cannot leave an imprint on this world, past and present’.
{"title":"Infancy and Earliest Childhood in the Roman World. ‘A Fragment of Time’","authors":"John Pearce","doi":"10.1080/17585716.2019.1638560","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17585716.2019.1638560","url":null,"abstract":"nants of kinship and grief in the past. Rebay-Salisbury’s chapter also supplies numerous examples of such burials from Bronze Age Austria, with a more specific focus on mother/ child relationships. In addition, she highlights some truly remarkable multiple interments, including the body of a man overlaying three children (DNA results are pending), and the touching burial of two children aged 2 and 6 years, possibly siblings, in an embrace. Inevitably, many of the chapters focus on burial evidence, but a number also incorporate information gleaned from textual sources to aid interpretations. For example, Zoega’s chapter on early Christian household cemeteries from Northern Iceland shows how three-generation households were common. The importance of this lived proximity for the transmission of inter-generational knowledge, experience and familial identity was significant. These cemeteries add another dimension to the Icelandic Sagas which more often present a negative image of old age, with a diminution of power and status. It reminds us that power has different forms. Gallou’s chapter on Minoan and Mycenaean societies of the late Bronze Age Aegean is one of the few that focuses on material rather than skeletal evidence. She provides a rich array of relevant evidence for children and older generations, including artistic depictions of elderly women playing active roles in ritual healing, as well as childcare and funerary preparations. Other chapters from Le Roy and colleagues examine the under-representation and occasional complete absence of children under 5 years from Neolithic burial contexts in France. Denham and colleagues highlight the value of cremated human remains and archival records for understanding age-related burial practice in the Bronze and Iron Age in Norway. Given the focus on skeletal remains throughout the book, it is apt that the final chapter by Maaranen and Buckberry addresses the thorny problem of skeletal age estimation and the tendency for current techniques to under-estimate age-at-death of older people and thus contribute to their invisibility. Overall, this is an excellent book and I highly recommend it. My only minor criticism is that the introduction felt a bit cursory and could have done more to set the scene in terms of current theoretical and methodological approaches to the life course. The book would also have benefited from a concluding chapter to highlight key themes and future directions. The book showcases innovative and creative approaches for exploring hitherto elusive intergenerational relationships in the past. I will leave you with Gallou’s (70) pertinent observation at the end of her excellent chapter: ‘There is no foot too small or too old that it cannot leave an imprint on this world, past and present’.","PeriodicalId":37939,"journal":{"name":"Childhood in the Past","volume":"12 1","pages":"130 - 132"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17585716.2019.1638560","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42746408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-02DOI: 10.1080/17585716.2019.1587914
P. Blaževičius
ABSTRACT Methods that examine finger and hand prints are still rarely used in the analysis of archaeological artefacts, even though objects made from clay have perfectly preserved traces of their creators, left hundreds or even thousands of years ago. Information coded in these prints can be examined by searching for repetition and distribution of individual or typical characteristics. This article focuses on the breadth of papillary lines and how it changed as the person grew. The prints left on ceramic objects from the thirteenth–eighteenth century layers at Vilnius Castle were examined and children's prints were identified on approximately twenty-five percent of the material with dermatoglyphics. Analysis of the results serves as the basis for assessing the nature and scale of child labour.
{"title":"Child labour based on dermatoglyphic research of ceramic objects","authors":"P. Blaževičius","doi":"10.1080/17585716.2019.1587914","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17585716.2019.1587914","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Methods that examine finger and hand prints are still rarely used in the analysis of archaeological artefacts, even though objects made from clay have perfectly preserved traces of their creators, left hundreds or even thousands of years ago. Information coded in these prints can be examined by searching for repetition and distribution of individual or typical characteristics. This article focuses on the breadth of papillary lines and how it changed as the person grew. The prints left on ceramic objects from the thirteenth–eighteenth century layers at Vilnius Castle were examined and children's prints were identified on approximately twenty-five percent of the material with dermatoglyphics. Analysis of the results serves as the basis for assessing the nature and scale of child labour.","PeriodicalId":37939,"journal":{"name":"Childhood in the Past","volume":"12 1","pages":"17 - 6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17585716.2019.1587914","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45508476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-02DOI: 10.1080/17585716.2019.1587916
A. Cucina, Héctor Hernández Álvarez
ABSTRACT Workers and their families in haciendas in the Yucatán, Mexico, at the turn of the twentieth century experienced very poor living conditions, characterized by diseases and high infant mortality. The death records for the hacienda San Pedro Cholul stored at the Yucatán State Archive, reports mortality data for people living in the hacienda between 1871 and 1900, including cause of death. Infant mortality for children under two years of age reached 54.5%, while it was 70.2% for children under five years of age. Gastrointestinal disorders, fever, and ‘alferecía’ characterized infant mortality in children aged one year, while diarrhoea and fever mostly affected infants after that age. Male infant mortality predominated over that of females in children less than five years of age but the trend reversed after that age. About one quarter of people died during measles, smallpox and whooping cough epidemics. Harsh living conditions are also suggested from the bottles retrieved during archaeological excavations of the hacienda. Many of these would have contained medical treatments against dysentery, intestinal parasites and malnutrition, and were intended also for infants and children. This combined historical and archaeological investigation provides insights in relation to the morbidity and mortality of the people who both lived at and worked for the henequen haciendas. It also reveals how they tried to counteract the numerous and varied ailments they suffered during their everyday lives.
{"title":"Historical and archaeological perspectives on childhood mortality and morbidity in a henequen hacienda in Yucatán at the turn of the 20th century","authors":"A. Cucina, Héctor Hernández Álvarez","doi":"10.1080/17585716.2019.1587916","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17585716.2019.1587916","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Workers and their families in haciendas in the Yucatán, Mexico, at the turn of the twentieth century experienced very poor living conditions, characterized by diseases and high infant mortality. The death records for the hacienda San Pedro Cholul stored at the Yucatán State Archive, reports mortality data for people living in the hacienda between 1871 and 1900, including cause of death. Infant mortality for children under two years of age reached 54.5%, while it was 70.2% for children under five years of age. Gastrointestinal disorders, fever, and ‘alferecía’ characterized infant mortality in children aged one year, while diarrhoea and fever mostly affected infants after that age. Male infant mortality predominated over that of females in children less than five years of age but the trend reversed after that age. About one quarter of people died during measles, smallpox and whooping cough epidemics. Harsh living conditions are also suggested from the bottles retrieved during archaeological excavations of the hacienda. Many of these would have contained medical treatments against dysentery, intestinal parasites and malnutrition, and were intended also for infants and children. This combined historical and archaeological investigation provides insights in relation to the morbidity and mortality of the people who both lived at and worked for the henequen haciendas. It also reveals how they tried to counteract the numerous and varied ailments they suffered during their everyday lives.","PeriodicalId":37939,"journal":{"name":"Childhood in the Past","volume":"12 1","pages":"18 - 34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17585716.2019.1587916","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49640054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-02DOI: 10.1080/17585716.2019.1587920
H. Cunningham
{"title":"Day nurseries and childcare in Europe, 1800–1939","authors":"H. Cunningham","doi":"10.1080/17585716.2019.1587920","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17585716.2019.1587920","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37939,"journal":{"name":"Childhood in the Past","volume":"12 1","pages":"55 - 56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17585716.2019.1587920","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45382323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-02DOI: 10.1080/17585716.2019.1587921
E. Kendall
be the domain of different specialists is another success of this volume – historical, clinical, ethnographic and statistical approaches are interwoven effortlessly with the bioarchaeological data. It is the confidence with which such a breadth of innovative ways of thinking about extant and traditional bioarchaeological data are presented that makes this book worth reading – not just skimming the odd paper which fits ones’ own research interests – but in its entirety. There is a clear sense of strong editorial direction here in the selection and ordering of the contributions, and they work together as a whole on multiple levels. This publication marks a step change in the maturation of the field of the bioarchaeology of childhood and instils excitement about what we might collectively achieve in the future.
{"title":"Breastfeeding: new anthropological approaches","authors":"E. Kendall","doi":"10.1080/17585716.2019.1587921","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17585716.2019.1587921","url":null,"abstract":"be the domain of different specialists is another success of this volume – historical, clinical, ethnographic and statistical approaches are interwoven effortlessly with the bioarchaeological data. It is the confidence with which such a breadth of innovative ways of thinking about extant and traditional bioarchaeological data are presented that makes this book worth reading – not just skimming the odd paper which fits ones’ own research interests – but in its entirety. There is a clear sense of strong editorial direction here in the selection and ordering of the contributions, and they work together as a whole on multiple levels. This publication marks a step change in the maturation of the field of the bioarchaeology of childhood and instils excitement about what we might collectively achieve in the future.","PeriodicalId":37939,"journal":{"name":"Childhood in the Past","volume":"12 1","pages":"51 - 53"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17585716.2019.1587921","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45251824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-02DOI: 10.1080/17585716.2019.1587918
Karen Vallgårda
{"title":"Nordic childhoods 1700–1960. From folk beliefs to Pippi Longstocking","authors":"Karen Vallgårda","doi":"10.1080/17585716.2019.1587918","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17585716.2019.1587918","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37939,"journal":{"name":"Childhood in the Past","volume":"12 1","pages":"53 - 54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17585716.2019.1587918","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47497000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-02DOI: 10.1080/17585716.2019.1587913
J. Baxter
ABSTRACT Infant and child mortality in the United States are at an all-time low, but 150 years ago an infant had a 1 in 4 chance of dying in their first year of life, and older children had only slightly better odds of surviving to adulthood. Scholars have questioned parental emotional investment in periods of high infant and child mortality, but few have considered how children understood mortality and the possibility of their own deaths. Adults in the nineteenth century used a variety of mechanisms to engage children with ideas of death and dying including visits to cemeteries, photography with deceased siblings, literature and poetry, and funeral play with dolls. Sources about these various practices are combined to present a case study in how children in nineteenth Century America may have come to understand death and dying in fundamentally different ways than children in the contemporary, western world.
{"title":"How to die a good death: teaching young children about mortality in nineteenth century America","authors":"J. Baxter","doi":"10.1080/17585716.2019.1587913","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17585716.2019.1587913","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Infant and child mortality in the United States are at an all-time low, but 150 years ago an infant had a 1 in 4 chance of dying in their first year of life, and older children had only slightly better odds of surviving to adulthood. Scholars have questioned parental emotional investment in periods of high infant and child mortality, but few have considered how children understood mortality and the possibility of their own deaths. Adults in the nineteenth century used a variety of mechanisms to engage children with ideas of death and dying including visits to cemeteries, photography with deceased siblings, literature and poetry, and funeral play with dolls. Sources about these various practices are combined to present a case study in how children in nineteenth Century America may have come to understand death and dying in fundamentally different ways than children in the contemporary, western world.","PeriodicalId":37939,"journal":{"name":"Childhood in the Past","volume":"12 1","pages":"35 - 49"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17585716.2019.1587913","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46251989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-02DOI: 10.1080/17585716.2019.1587919
E. Craig-Atkins
{"title":"Children and childhood in bioarchaeology","authors":"E. Craig-Atkins","doi":"10.1080/17585716.2019.1587919","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17585716.2019.1587919","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37939,"journal":{"name":"Childhood in the Past","volume":"12 1","pages":"50 - 51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17585716.2019.1587919","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60433985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-02DOI: 10.1080/17585716.2019.1587915
K. A. Hemer
{"title":"Welcome Address from the New SSCIP President – Dr Katie A. Hemer","authors":"K. A. Hemer","doi":"10.1080/17585716.2019.1587915","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17585716.2019.1587915","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37939,"journal":{"name":"Childhood in the Past","volume":"12 1","pages":"3 - 5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17585716.2019.1587915","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44492154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-02DOI: 10.1080/17585716.2019.1587917
E. Murphy
{"title":"Editorial","authors":"E. Murphy","doi":"10.1080/17585716.2019.1587917","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17585716.2019.1587917","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37939,"journal":{"name":"Childhood in the Past","volume":"12 1","pages":"1 - 2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17585716.2019.1587917","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44028295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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