Pub Date : 2022-12-20DOI: 10.54684/ijmmt.2022.14.2.77
Amir Izuddin Hamzah, N. Shuaib, A. Azmi, N. W. Y. Omar, Mohd Haidiezul Jamal Ab Hadi
Fused deposition modelling performances are dominated by selection of process parameters. Multi objective optimisation is essential in ensuring excellent product mechanical properties, surface quality and resource efficiency. This paper presents a preliminary work based on Taguchi orthogonal array design of experiment, considering build orientation, printing angle and layer thickness as the input factors. The build orientation has a significant influence on tensile strength while the layer thickness on energy consumption and printing time. Adverse effects on the responses can be observed during the attempts. However, two factors optimisations were still achievable. Optimal settings should be suited based on final application and economical constraints. This study has established a groundwork of further studies in optimisation of quality of the method.
{"title":"EFFECT OF BUILD PARAMETERS ON PROCESS PERFORMANCES AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF PRINTED PRODUCT IN FUSED DEPOSITION MODELLING METHOD","authors":"Amir Izuddin Hamzah, N. Shuaib, A. Azmi, N. W. Y. Omar, Mohd Haidiezul Jamal Ab Hadi","doi":"10.54684/ijmmt.2022.14.2.77","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54684/ijmmt.2022.14.2.77","url":null,"abstract":"Fused deposition modelling performances are dominated by selection of process parameters. Multi objective optimisation is essential in ensuring excellent product mechanical properties, surface quality and resource efficiency. This paper presents a preliminary work based on Taguchi orthogonal array design of experiment, considering build orientation, printing angle and layer thickness as the input factors. The build orientation has a significant influence on tensile strength while the layer thickness on energy consumption and printing time. Adverse effects on the responses can be observed during the attempts. However, two factors optimisations were still achievable. Optimal settings should be suited based on final application and economical constraints. This study has established a groundwork of further studies in optimisation of quality of the method.","PeriodicalId":38009,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Modern Manufacturing Technologies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48388741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-20DOI: 10.54684/ijmmt.2022.14.3.310
R. Zăgan, G. Raicu, A. Sabau
In a 2020 survey of marine professionals, 77% of respondents view cyber-attacks as a high or medium risk to their organizations, yet only 64% said their organization has a business continuity plan in place to follow in the event of a cyber-incident. The study of equipment that manages autonomous ships and in general all equipment that is remotely controlled from the point of view of cyber security, is a necessity nowadays. The autonomous systems represented by remotely operated vessels (ROVs), marine autonomous surface systems (MASS) etc, have as first requirement the safety to be satisfied in their operation. These autonomous systems are composed of connected OT and IT networks, and their endowment with sensors and various cyber physical devices allow real-time data processing to consistently respond to real-world threats. In order to secure the cyber security of autonomous systems, we must consider all the elements that are vulnerable to cyber-attacks, such as the part of the hardware and the operating system used, the configuration of the OT interconnection network, the firmware protection used, all these elements considered across their entire lifecycle. Security in MASS, or USVs and ROVs is nothing new but the consequences of insecurity are critical. Flaws (including security ones) in such systems lead to safety hazards, and can kill. The present article introduces the main vulnerabilities of such remotely operated system and we try to find solution for navigate the ins and outs of cyber security on board remote operated ships, address cybersecurity challenges and compliance considerations, and get you geared up to establish your cyber security action plan. This aspect is important to consider from the design stage when referring to the maritime transport systems that host MASS, USVs and ROVs and its remote control center, e.g., the shore control center.
{"title":"STUDIES AND RESEARCH REGARDING VULNERABILITIES OF MARINE AUTONOMOUS SURFACE SYSTEMS (MASS) AND REMOTELY OPERATED VESSELS (ROVS) FROM POINT OF VIEW OF CYBERSECURITY","authors":"R. Zăgan, G. Raicu, A. Sabau","doi":"10.54684/ijmmt.2022.14.3.310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54684/ijmmt.2022.14.3.310","url":null,"abstract":"In a 2020 survey of marine professionals, 77% of respondents view cyber-attacks as a high or medium risk to their organizations, yet only 64% said their organization has a business continuity plan in place to follow in the event of a cyber-incident. The study of equipment that manages autonomous ships and in general all equipment that is remotely controlled from the point of view of cyber security, is a necessity nowadays. The autonomous systems represented by remotely operated vessels (ROVs), marine autonomous surface systems (MASS) etc, have as first requirement the safety to be satisfied in their operation. These autonomous systems are composed of connected OT and IT networks, and their endowment with sensors and various cyber physical devices allow real-time data processing to consistently respond to real-world threats. In order to secure the cyber security of autonomous systems, we must consider all the elements that are vulnerable to cyber-attacks, such as the part of the hardware and the operating system used, the configuration of the OT interconnection network, the firmware protection used, all these elements considered across their entire lifecycle. Security in MASS, or USVs and ROVs is nothing new but the consequences of insecurity are critical. Flaws (including security ones) in such systems lead to safety hazards, and can kill. The present article introduces the main vulnerabilities of such remotely operated system and we try to find solution for navigate the ins and outs of cyber security on board remote operated ships, address cybersecurity challenges and compliance considerations, and get you geared up to establish your cyber security action plan. This aspect is important to consider from the design stage when referring to the maritime transport systems that host MASS, USVs and ROVs and its remote control center, e.g., the shore control center.","PeriodicalId":38009,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Modern Manufacturing Technologies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44648904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-20DOI: 10.54684/ijmmt.2022.14.3.171
A. Lisiecki, A. Kurc-Lisiecka, S. Topolska
The autogenous laser welding with a disk laser was used for producing butt joins of 2.0 mm thick sheets of AISI 316L stainless steel. The influence of basic laser welding parameters on the shape, microhardness distribution, microstructure and corrosion resistance of the joints was determined. The tests of corrosion resistance were conducted in a salt chamber under artificial NaCl environment conditions. The corrosion tests were conducted in accordance with the PN EN ISO 9227 standard. The produced test joints of 2.0 mm thick stainless steel were characterized by high quality, homogeneous and low-grained microstructure, and very narrow heat affected zone. The results of microhardness measurements indicated that the fusion zone was slightly hardened comparing to the 2.0 mm thick stainless steel sheet AISI 316L. The obtained results of corrosion test under artificial NaCl environment conditions showed that the tested butt joints are resistant for corrosion under the test conditions.
使用圆盘激光器的自激光焊接用于生产2.0mm厚的AISI 316L不锈钢片的对接。测定了激光焊接基本参数对接头形状、显微硬度分布、显微组织和耐蚀性的影响。在人工NaCl环境条件下，在盐室中进行了耐腐蚀性试验。根据PN EN ISO 9227标准进行腐蚀试验。生产的2.0mm厚不锈钢试验接头具有质量高、组织均匀、晶粒度低、热影响区非常窄的特点。显微硬度测量结果表明，与2.0mm厚的AISI 316L不锈钢片相比，熔合区略微硬化。在人工NaCl环境条件下的腐蚀试验结果表明，所测试的对接接头在试验条件下具有耐腐蚀性。
{"title":"CORROSION RESISTANCE OF LASER WELDED SHEETS OF STAINLESS STEEL 316L","authors":"A. Lisiecki, A. Kurc-Lisiecka, S. Topolska","doi":"10.54684/ijmmt.2022.14.3.171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54684/ijmmt.2022.14.3.171","url":null,"abstract":"The autogenous laser welding with a disk laser was used for producing butt joins of 2.0 mm thick sheets of AISI 316L stainless steel. The influence of basic laser welding parameters on the shape, microhardness distribution, microstructure and corrosion resistance of the joints was determined. The tests of corrosion resistance were conducted in a salt chamber under artificial NaCl environment conditions. The corrosion tests were conducted in accordance with the PN EN ISO 9227 standard. The produced test joints of 2.0 mm thick stainless steel were characterized by high quality, homogeneous and low-grained microstructure, and very narrow heat affected zone. The results of microhardness measurements indicated that the fusion zone was slightly hardened comparing to the 2.0 mm thick stainless steel sheet AISI 316L. The obtained results of corrosion test under artificial NaCl environment conditions showed that the tested butt joints are resistant for corrosion under the test conditions.","PeriodicalId":38009,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Modern Manufacturing Technologies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42637199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-20DOI: 10.54684/ijmmt.2022.14.3.270
M. Ursu, D. Condruz
DCC (Digital Command and Control) is an operation standard for digital model train networks. By means of the DCC signal, broadcasted throughout the entire digital railway system, every item performs like its real-life counterpart. Despite the hardware and software safety measures, the extent and shape of large railway systems and the contacts between the rails, wheels and pickup collectors of model trains can impede the reception of the DCC signal, which may lead to the malfunction of their digital decoders. Thus, it is important to assess the quality of the DCC signal that reaches the digital decoders of model trains. The authors designed a DCC quality tester, which counts the valid DCC packets per second collected from the tracks of a digital railway system. It is built around a custom-programmed microcontroller and shows if the tested model train receives the DCC signal within an acceptable error rate that its decoder can handle properly. A high error rate warns that the model train and/or the tracks have problems. Thus, this digital DCC tester certifies the adequate operation of the tested digital model train, proving itself to be a useful quality-testing tool for model railroaders.
DCC (Digital Command and Control)是数字模型列车网络的操作标准。通过在整个数字铁路系统中广播的DCC信号，每个项目都像现实生活中的对应项目一样运行。尽管采取了硬件和软件安全措施，但大型铁路系统的范围和形状以及模型列车的轨道、车轮和拾取收集器之间的接触可能会阻碍DCC信号的接收，从而可能导致其数字解码器故障。因此，评估到达模型列车数字解码器的DCC信号的质量是很重要的。设计了一种DCC质量测试仪，对数字铁路轨道上每秒钟采集的有效DCC包进行计数。它是围绕一个定制编程的微控制器构建的，并显示测试的模型列车是否在可接受的错误率内接收DCC信号，其解码器可以正确处理。高错误率警告模型列车和/或轨道有问题。因此，该数字DCC测试仪证明了所测试的数字模型列车的正常运行，证明了它是一个有用的模型铁路质量测试工具。
{"title":"DIGITAL TESTER OF THE DCC SIGNAL RECEPTION QUALITY","authors":"M. Ursu, D. Condruz","doi":"10.54684/ijmmt.2022.14.3.270","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54684/ijmmt.2022.14.3.270","url":null,"abstract":"DCC (Digital Command and Control) is an operation standard for digital model train networks. By means of the DCC signal, broadcasted throughout the entire digital railway system, every item performs like its real-life counterpart. Despite the hardware and software safety measures, the extent and shape of large railway systems and the contacts between the rails, wheels and pickup collectors of model trains can impede the reception of the DCC signal, which may lead to the malfunction of their digital decoders. Thus, it is important to assess the quality of the DCC signal that reaches the digital decoders of model trains. The authors designed a DCC quality tester, which counts the valid DCC packets per second collected from the tracks of a digital railway system. It is built around a custom-programmed microcontroller and shows if the tested model train receives the DCC signal within an acceptable error rate that its decoder can handle properly. A high error rate warns that the model train and/or the tracks have problems. Thus, this digital DCC tester certifies the adequate operation of the tested digital model train, proving itself to be a useful quality-testing tool for model railroaders.","PeriodicalId":38009,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Modern Manufacturing Technologies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47126168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-20DOI: 10.54684/ijmmt.2022.14.3.304
I. Voicu, D. Juganaru, M. Panaitescu, F. Panaitescu
The paper presents a scenario of intervention in case of fire on a ship and the operation of fire limitation / control systems, with minimal material and human resources. The efficiency of the intervention consists precisely in the mode of operation. The mode of operation efficiency involves the description of the technical characteristics of the material and human resources of the intervention, their performances, the costs of the intervention, as well as the operating times. A fire at the HERCULES ship was chosen as a case study. There are present the characteristics, capacity, class symbols and equipment of the Hercules tugboat, as well as the fire-fighting installations present on board at the time of the fire. The fire started from the engine room where they were large quantities of electrical equipment and it burned smoldering, with large emissions of smoke, toxic gases and high temperature.
{"title":"ANALYSIS OF THE INTERVENTION OF THE MILITARY FIREFIGHTERS TO EXTINGUISH THE FIRE PRODUCED AT THE HERCULES TUGBOAT","authors":"I. Voicu, D. Juganaru, M. Panaitescu, F. Panaitescu","doi":"10.54684/ijmmt.2022.14.3.304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54684/ijmmt.2022.14.3.304","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents a scenario of intervention in case of fire on a ship and the operation of fire limitation / control systems, with minimal material and human resources. The efficiency of the intervention consists precisely in the mode of operation. The mode of operation efficiency involves the description of the technical characteristics of the material and human resources of the intervention, their performances, the costs of the intervention, as well as the operating times. A fire at the HERCULES ship was chosen as a case study. There are present the characteristics, capacity, class symbols and equipment of the Hercules tugboat, as well as the fire-fighting installations present on board at the time of the fire. The fire started from the engine room where they were large quantities of electrical equipment and it burned smoldering, with large emissions of smoke, toxic gases and high temperature.","PeriodicalId":38009,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Modern Manufacturing Technologies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47132770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-20DOI: 10.54684/ijmmt.2022.14.2.272
C. Ungureanu, C. Ungureanu
Starting with January 2013, all ships greater than 400 tons engaged in international voyages must comply with the Energy Efficiency Design Index (EEDI), and starting with January 2023 also with the Efficiency Existing Ship Index (EEXI), issued by the International Maritime Organization, (IMO). Knowing that, in general, a ship hull is the result of a compromise between the main dimensions imposed by the size of the locks, navigation route depth, port depth, taxes, transport capacity (deadweight, volume), ship equipment (machinery, deck installations, piping systems), hydrostatic performances and last but not least the hydrodynamic performances, from ship hydrodynamics point of view the available approaches are the optimization of the ship size and hull forms or the design of propellers adapted to the ship's wake. The main purpose is to reduce the ship resistance and increase the efficiency of the propulsion system which ultimately leads to a reduction in the power placed on board the ship. For this, there can be used the so-called flow control devices or Energy Saving Devices (ESD hereafter), as hydrofoils or nozzles, to improve the flow parameters entering the propeller disc in order to increase the efficiency of the propulsion system and decreasing the fuel consumption leading to reducing of the carbon and greenhouse gasses emissions. For ballast loading condition the ESD may intersect the free surface, the flow becoming complicated and combining nonlinear, three-dimensional and turbulent phenomena such as the boundary layer on solid surfaces, the horseshoe vortex system developed around junctions and their effects turbulence, and also wave breaking. Therefore, this paper presents the results of the numerical study on the viscous free surface flow around junctions between a hydrofoil mounted on a plate, more precisely the study of the influence of the angle between hydrofoil and plate. It was observed that from a hydrodynamic point of view the angle between hydrofoil and base plate to be less than 15 degrees in respect to the vertical direction on the hydrofoil so that horseshoe vortex to be reduced in intensity and the value of the hydrofoil drag to be minimal.
{"title":"NUMERICAL INVESTIGATIONS ON THE FREE SURFACE FLOW AROUND WING-BODY JUNCTIONS","authors":"C. Ungureanu, C. Ungureanu","doi":"10.54684/ijmmt.2022.14.2.272","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54684/ijmmt.2022.14.2.272","url":null,"abstract":"Starting with January 2013, all ships greater than 400 tons engaged in international voyages must comply with the Energy Efficiency Design Index (EEDI), and starting with January 2023 also with the Efficiency Existing Ship Index (EEXI), issued by the International Maritime Organization, (IMO). Knowing that, in general, a ship hull is the result of a compromise between the main dimensions imposed by the size of the locks, navigation route depth, port depth, taxes, transport capacity (deadweight, volume), ship equipment (machinery, deck installations, piping systems), hydrostatic performances and last but not least the hydrodynamic performances, from ship hydrodynamics point of view the available approaches are the optimization of the ship size and hull forms or the design of propellers adapted to the ship's wake. The main purpose is to reduce the ship resistance and increase the efficiency of the propulsion system which ultimately leads to a reduction in the power placed on board the ship. For this, there can be used the so-called flow control devices or Energy Saving Devices (ESD hereafter), as hydrofoils or nozzles, to improve the flow parameters entering the propeller disc in order to increase the efficiency of the propulsion system and decreasing the fuel consumption leading to reducing of the carbon and greenhouse gasses emissions. For ballast loading condition the ESD may intersect the free surface, the flow becoming complicated and combining nonlinear, three-dimensional and turbulent phenomena such as the boundary layer on solid surfaces, the horseshoe vortex system developed around junctions and their effects turbulence, and also wave breaking. Therefore, this paper presents the results of the numerical study on the viscous free surface flow around junctions between a hydrofoil mounted on a plate, more precisely the study of the influence of the angle between hydrofoil and plate. It was observed that from a hydrodynamic point of view the angle between hydrofoil and base plate to be less than 15 degrees in respect to the vertical direction on the hydrofoil so that horseshoe vortex to be reduced in intensity and the value of the hydrofoil drag to be minimal.","PeriodicalId":38009,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Modern Manufacturing Technologies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46373832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-20DOI: 10.54684/ijmmt.2022.14.3.86
N. Ionescu, L. Ionescu, N. Rachieru, A. Mazare
The application of Industry 4.0 technologies is a goal that, sooner or later, all manufacturers will achieve. The implementation process of these technologies involves establishing strategies at the level of each department. In this paper we propose a model and its implementation that improves communication between the quality management department and the manufacturing and logistics departments by using specific Industry 4.0 technologies: business flow automation and communication between equipment. This is an improvement of the 8D methodology flow. Upon receipt of a customer claim, the Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA risk analysis) must be updated with the new failure mode that occurred - resulting from the claim - so there is a centralized database with the claims that occur and from which the failure modes are automatically populated. On the other hand, the claim triggers a signal flow at the level of all departments and workstations in a factory: the sending of emails to decision makers, alerts and impressions for operators in the workstations (at the level of billboards or on tablets). The proposal uses the following technologies: business flow automation using specialized software tools (middleware business process management solutions), central server communications - mobile terminal clients, server communications - equipment, IoT systems. The paper presents the implementation of the model with a case study in which its impact on the departments involved in an automotive enterprise is studied.
{"title":"A MODEL FOR MONITORING OF THE 8D AND FMEA TOOLS INTERDEPENDENCE IN THE ERA OF INDUSTRY 4.0","authors":"N. Ionescu, L. Ionescu, N. Rachieru, A. Mazare","doi":"10.54684/ijmmt.2022.14.3.86","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54684/ijmmt.2022.14.3.86","url":null,"abstract":"The application of Industry 4.0 technologies is a goal that, sooner or later, all manufacturers will achieve. The implementation process of these technologies involves establishing strategies at the level of each department. In this paper we propose a model and its implementation that improves communication between the quality management department and the manufacturing and logistics departments by using specific Industry 4.0 technologies: business flow automation and communication between equipment. This is an improvement of the 8D methodology flow. Upon receipt of a customer claim, the Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA risk analysis) must be updated with the new failure mode that occurred - resulting from the claim - so there is a centralized database with the claims that occur and from which the failure modes are automatically populated. On the other hand, the claim triggers a signal flow at the level of all departments and workstations in a factory: the sending of emails to decision makers, alerts and impressions for operators in the workstations (at the level of billboards or on tablets). The proposal uses the following technologies: business flow automation using specialized software tools (middleware business process management solutions), central server communications - mobile terminal clients, server communications - equipment, IoT systems. The paper presents the implementation of the model with a case study in which its impact on the departments involved in an automotive enterprise is studied.","PeriodicalId":38009,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Modern Manufacturing Technologies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47417096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-20DOI: 10.54684/ijmmt.2022.14.2.151
A. Mandoc, R. Maier, C. Opran, Vicenzo Delle Curti, G. Lamanna
The research aim is to investigate cellular structures inspired from nature, in order to improve the internal structural resistance of turbine system components (e.g. hydroelectric and gas turbine blades, OGV-Outer Guide Vanes, nacelles, gearboxes) with reduced mass. The investigations were conducted at laboratory level, utilizing two 3D printing technologies to acquire the desired cellular structures which were further tested for tensile, bending and impact resistance. The first selected technology was Fused Deposition Modelling with Continuous Filament Fabrication to obtain 3D printed parts, which can be reinforced with continuous carbon, glass, or Kevlar fibers. The second technology used is Digital Light Processing 3D printing, which uses photopolymer liquid resin that cures under digital light source. The main motivation of utilizing the 3D printing technologies is the desire of implementing rapid prototyping in the final manufacturing of the turbine system components with structural topological optimization and improved structural and dynamic efficiency through biomimetic inspired structures. Conventional polymeric composite manufacturing technologies are sometimes restrictive in the geometries they can produce, and there is a chance that additive manufacturing can step in and help create internal structures that could not be obtained through conventional manufacturing methods. New developed structural architectures could be manufactured for a specific application through 3D printing which allows for a high level of customization parameters, including the possibility to use continuous carbon, glass and Kevlar fiber to create the geometrical pattern. All these, combined with conventional composite manufacturing technologies, could lead to obtain better end results.
{"title":"BIOMIMETIC CELLULAR STRUCTURES FOR TURBINE SYSTEM COMPONENTS","authors":"A. Mandoc, R. Maier, C. Opran, Vicenzo Delle Curti, G. Lamanna","doi":"10.54684/ijmmt.2022.14.2.151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54684/ijmmt.2022.14.2.151","url":null,"abstract":"The research aim is to investigate cellular structures inspired from nature, in order to improve the internal structural resistance of turbine system components (e.g. hydroelectric and gas turbine blades, OGV-Outer Guide Vanes, nacelles, gearboxes) with reduced mass. The investigations were conducted at laboratory level, utilizing two 3D printing technologies to acquire the desired cellular structures which were further tested for tensile, bending and impact resistance. The first selected technology was Fused Deposition Modelling with Continuous Filament Fabrication to obtain 3D printed parts, which can be reinforced with continuous carbon, glass, or Kevlar fibers. The second technology used is Digital Light Processing 3D printing, which uses photopolymer liquid resin that cures under digital light source. The main motivation of utilizing the 3D printing technologies is the desire of implementing rapid prototyping in the final manufacturing of the turbine system components with structural topological optimization and improved structural and dynamic efficiency through biomimetic inspired structures. Conventional polymeric composite manufacturing technologies are sometimes restrictive in the geometries they can produce, and there is a chance that additive manufacturing can step in and help create internal structures that could not be obtained through conventional manufacturing methods. New developed structural architectures could be manufactured for a specific application through 3D printing which allows for a high level of customization parameters, including the possibility to use continuous carbon, glass and Kevlar fiber to create the geometrical pattern. All these, combined with conventional composite manufacturing technologies, could lead to obtain better end results.","PeriodicalId":38009,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Modern Manufacturing Technologies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48208279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-20DOI: 10.54684/ijmmt.2022.14.2.199
A. Pop, F. Blaga, M. Ursu, V. Hule, M. Faur
The automated manufacturing systems are frequent within the modern manufacturing systems. This paper shows how the coloured Petri nets are used to assess a robotic manufacturing system, considering several versions of it. The system is made of three machines, and the workpieces are moved through the system by means of a conveyer-type transferring device. Three typed of workpieces are manufactured in this system. the modelling and simulation are made by means of coloured Petri nets. Within the first version, each workpiece type is manufactured on one machine. The loading and evacuation of the workpieces is made by means of an industrial robot for each machine. Within another version, a gantry-type robot serves all the three machines. Also, this paper analyses the case when the manufacturing of one workpiece is made on two machines. These versions were modelled by means of complex coloured Petri nets. The simulations were meant to point out any bottlenecks that may occur within the operation of the system. Using the time factor allowed to assess the system versions also for efficiency. Finally, the paper confirms that modelling and simulation with coloured Petri nets are very useful to assess the performances of the robot manufacturing systems.
{"title":"AUTOMATED MANUFACTURING SYSTEMS, MODELLED BY MEANS OF COLOURED PETRI NETS WITH COMPLEX COLOURS AND FUNCTIONS","authors":"A. Pop, F. Blaga, M. Ursu, V. Hule, M. Faur","doi":"10.54684/ijmmt.2022.14.2.199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54684/ijmmt.2022.14.2.199","url":null,"abstract":"The automated manufacturing systems are frequent within the modern manufacturing systems. This paper shows how the coloured Petri nets are used to assess a robotic manufacturing system, considering several versions of it. The system is made of three machines, and the workpieces are moved through the system by means of a conveyer-type transferring device. Three typed of workpieces are manufactured in this system. the modelling and simulation are made by means of coloured Petri nets. Within the first version, each workpiece type is manufactured on one machine. The loading and evacuation of the workpieces is made by means of an industrial robot for each machine. Within another version, a gantry-type robot serves all the three machines. Also, this paper analyses the case when the manufacturing of one workpiece is made on two machines. These versions were modelled by means of complex coloured Petri nets. The simulations were meant to point out any bottlenecks that may occur within the operation of the system. Using the time factor allowed to assess the system versions also for efficiency. Finally, the paper confirms that modelling and simulation with coloured Petri nets are very useful to assess the performances of the robot manufacturing systems.","PeriodicalId":38009,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Modern Manufacturing Technologies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42339975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-20DOI: 10.54684/ijmmt.2022.14.3.139
A. Mangra, R. Carlanescu, Marius Enache, F. Florean, R. Kuncser
Micro gas - turbines (MGT) offer many advantages such as higher thermal efficiency and reduced noise, and are suitable sources for power generation due to their fuel flexibility, small sizes, and high efficiencies. In recent years, there has been an increase interest in developing MGT for transportation platforms such as Range Extender for Electric Vehicle (REEV), Unmanned Ground/Air Vehicles (UGV/UAV), Auxiliary Power Units (APU). For these applications, the MGT must meet essential requirements like reliability, reasonable price, ecological safety, low noise and vibration, multi-fuel, etc. This paper presents the numerical and experimental investigation of a newly designed annular type combustion chamber. This combustion chamber is part of a 40 daN micro gas turbine, destined to equip a small-scale multifunctional airplane. The combustion chamber is equipped with six innovative vaporizers, using Jet-A as fuel, patented by INCDT COMOTI. The experimental installation on which the combustion tests have been performed consists of: the fuel supply system, an air source, the combustion chamber assembly, a chimney for flue gas exhaust. During the combustion chamber testing campaign, the following parameters have been monitored and registered: air mass flow, air temperature, and pressure before the combustion chamber entrance, the temperature at the combustion chamber exit, the temperature before the pressure regulating valve placed on the exhaust pipe. After the testing campaign has been concluded the numerical simulations have been resumed. A three-dimensional RANS numerical integration of the Navier-Stokes equations has been carried out, using an Eddy Dissipation Combustion Model (EDM) and the k-ε turbulence model, implemented in a numerical simulation conducted using the commercial software ANSYS CFX. The computational domain has been modified in order to match the testing rig. Due to the complex geometry of the computational domain, an unstructured type computational grid has been used. The imposed boundary conditions have been changed in order to match the testing conditions and functioning regimes. A kerosene – air two steps reaction mechanism, with NO formation, has been used. The numerical simulation results have been compared with the parameters measured experimentally, thus validating the obtained results.
{"title":"NUMERICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF A MICRO GAS TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBER","authors":"A. Mangra, R. Carlanescu, Marius Enache, F. Florean, R. Kuncser","doi":"10.54684/ijmmt.2022.14.3.139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54684/ijmmt.2022.14.3.139","url":null,"abstract":"Micro gas - turbines (MGT) offer many advantages such as higher thermal efficiency and reduced noise, and are suitable sources for power generation due to their fuel flexibility, small sizes, and high efficiencies. In recent years, there has been an increase interest in developing MGT for transportation platforms such as Range Extender for Electric Vehicle (REEV), Unmanned Ground/Air Vehicles (UGV/UAV), Auxiliary Power Units (APU). For these applications, the MGT must meet essential requirements like reliability, reasonable price, ecological safety, low noise and vibration, multi-fuel, etc. This paper presents the numerical and experimental investigation of a newly designed annular type combustion chamber. This combustion chamber is part of a 40 daN micro gas turbine, destined to equip a small-scale multifunctional airplane. The combustion chamber is equipped with six innovative vaporizers, using Jet-A as fuel, patented by INCDT COMOTI. The experimental installation on which the combustion tests have been performed consists of: the fuel supply system, an air source, the combustion chamber assembly, a chimney for flue gas exhaust. During the combustion chamber testing campaign, the following parameters have been monitored and registered: air mass flow, air temperature, and pressure before the combustion chamber entrance, the temperature at the combustion chamber exit, the temperature before the pressure regulating valve placed on the exhaust pipe. After the testing campaign has been concluded the numerical simulations have been resumed. A three-dimensional RANS numerical integration of the Navier-Stokes equations has been carried out, using an Eddy Dissipation Combustion Model (EDM) and the k-ε turbulence model, implemented in a numerical simulation conducted using the commercial software ANSYS CFX. The computational domain has been modified in order to match the testing rig. Due to the complex geometry of the computational domain, an unstructured type computational grid has been used. The imposed boundary conditions have been changed in order to match the testing conditions and functioning regimes. A kerosene – air two steps reaction mechanism, with NO formation, has been used. The numerical simulation results have been compared with the parameters measured experimentally, thus validating the obtained results.","PeriodicalId":38009,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Modern Manufacturing Technologies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42764069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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