Plant Gene最新文献_第8页

Molecular identification of endemic plant species in Kars Province based on universal barcode gene regions 基于通用条形码基因区的卡尔斯省特有植物的分子鉴定

IF 2.2 Q3 GENETICS & HEREDITY

Plant Gene

Pub Date : 2025-04-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.plgene.2025.100514

Asiye Uluğ , Funda Özdemir Değirmenci , Gül Esma Akdoğan

Located in the highest and coldest region of north-eastern Türkiye, the province of Kars boasts a remarkable floral diversity, accounting for 16 % of the country's flora with 1615 plant species identified. This region represents the Caucasian lands of Türkiye and serves as a transition point between the Iranian-Turkish, European-Siberian and Mediterranean floral regions. Despite its considerable botanical wealth of the province, the flora of Kars Province remains poorly documented in the scientific literature. The aim of this research was to provide the molecular identity of 14 endemic plant species in the province using DNA-based methods. Three universal DNA barcode genes—trnH-psbA (non-coding spacer region), ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase large subunit (rbcL), and maturase K (matK)—were sequenced to facilitate accurate identification. The endemic plant species were correctly identified to genus and species level based on the presence of the corresponding sequence of the investigated gene regions. By submitting 36 new barcodes to the NCBI database, this study contributes valuable genetic resources for future research in plant genetic studies. The findings highlight the potential of DNA barcoding to improve our understanding of plant diversity and to inform conservation efforts in the Caucasus region. The research not only contributes to our knowledge of Türkiye's plant diversity, but also advances the global discourse on genetic, taxonomic, ecological and biodiversity research dedicated to the conservation of endemic species in their natural habitats.

卡尔斯省位于基耶省东北部最高和最冷的地区，拥有非凡的植物多样性，占该国植物区系的16%，已确定的植物种类为1615种。这个地区代表了高加索地区的 rkiye，并作为伊朗-土耳其，欧洲-西伯利亚和地中海花卉地区之间的过渡点。尽管该省的植物资源丰富，但卡尔斯省的植物区系在科学文献中记载甚少。本研究的目的是利用基于dna的方法对省内14种特有植物进行分子鉴定。三个通用的DNA条形码基因- trnh - psba（非编码间隔区），核酮糖-1,5-二磷酸羧化酶大亚基（rbcL）和成熟酶K (matK) -进行测序，以方便准确鉴定。根据所调查基因区序列的存在，将特有植物正确地鉴定到属和种水平。通过向NCBI数据库提交36个新条形码，本研究为未来植物遗传研究提供了宝贵的遗传资源。这一发现强调了DNA条形码在提高我们对植物多样性的理解和为高加索地区的保护工作提供信息方面的潜力。这项研究不仅有助于我们对t rkiye植物多样性的了解，而且还推动了致力于保护自然栖息地特有物种的遗传、分类、生态和生物多样性研究的全球讨论。

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引用次数: 0

Somatic drought stress memory affects leaf morpho-physiological traits of plants via epigenetic mechanisms and phytohormonal signalling 体细胞干旱胁迫记忆通过表观遗传机制和植物激素信号传导影响植物叶片形态生理性状

IF 2.2 Q3 GENETICS & HEREDITY

Plant Gene

Pub Date : 2025-04-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.plgene.2025.100509

Franklin Alongi , Anja Petek-Petrik , Mohammad Mukarram , Hülya Torun , Bernhard Schuldt , Peter Petrík

Drought stress memory in plants is an adaptive mechanism that enhances resilience to future water stress through physiological and molecular modifications triggered by previous drought events. This review explores somatic drought stress memory within a plant's lifespan, with a specific focus on leaf and stomatal morphology, minimum leaf conductance, photosynthetic efficiency, water-use efficiency, antioxidant capacity, and leaf senescence. We examine how epigenetic mechanisms—such as DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNAs—regulate gene expression in coordination with hormonal signalling pathways. Phytohormones, including abscisic acid, jasmonic acid, ethylene, salicylic acid, auxins and cytokinins, are central to these processes, influencing key morphological and physiological adaptations, such as stomatal regulation, cuticle thickness, water retention, and improved water-use efficiency. The review synthesizes current knowledge on the molecular and hormonal networks underlying these adaptations and their impact on leaf architecture and metabolism. Despite advancements, critical gaps remain in identifying the specific genes and pathways involved, understanding the longevity of epigenetic marks, and elucidating the intricate cross-talk between phytohormones during drought stress memory. This review emphasizes the need for integrated -omics approaches to map epigenetic modifications and uncover their roles in developing drought-resistant plants through targeted stress priming strategies.

植物的干旱胁迫记忆是一种适应性机制，通过先前干旱事件触发的生理和分子修饰来增强对未来水分胁迫的适应能力。本文综述了植物生命周期内体细胞干旱胁迫记忆，特别关注叶片和气孔形态、最小叶导度、光合效率、水分利用效率、抗氧化能力和叶片衰老。我们研究了表观遗传机制——如DNA甲基化、组蛋白修饰和非编码rna——如何与激素信号通路协调调节基因表达。植物激素，包括脱落酸、茉莉酸、乙烯、水杨酸、生长素和细胞分裂素，是这些过程的核心，影响关键的形态和生理适应，如气孔调节、角质层厚度、水分保持和提高水分利用效率。这篇综述综合了目前关于这些适应及其对叶片结构和代谢影响的分子和激素网络的知识。尽管取得了进展，但在确定特定基因和相关途径，理解表观遗传标记的寿命以及阐明干旱胁迫记忆中植物激素之间复杂的串扰方面仍然存在关键差距。这篇综述强调需要整合组学方法来绘制表观遗传修饰，并揭示它们在通过靶向胁迫启动策略开发抗旱植物中的作用。

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引用次数: 0

Regulation of sodium-inducible genes and efficient use of sodium ions determine the tolerance strategies of Cakile maritima and Brassica tournefortii in natural habitats 钠诱导基因的调控和钠离子的有效利用决定了天然生境中海洋毛蚶（cile martima）和热带芸苔（Brassica tournefortii）的耐盐策略

IF 2.2 Q3 GENETICS & HEREDITY

Plant Gene

Pub Date : 2025-04-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.plgene.2025.100512

Abdel Hamid A. Khedr , Mamdouh S. Serag , Haneen A. Abdulsamad , Reham M. Nada

One of the potential routes for improving the stress tolerance of crops is discovering the tolerance mechanisms of halophytes. Cakile maritima and Brassica tournefortii were collected from four sites with different salinity levels. Two populations for each species were collected from each site. The populations of C. maritima had different phenotypic traits, especially at high salinity levels. Meanwhile, the populations of B. tournefortii had approximately similar phenotypic traits at all sites. The present study aimed to compare the tolerance strategies used by C. maritima and B. tournefortii by examining the responses of different populations of each species to high salinity levels in their natural habitats. The evolutionary relationship among the populations of each species was recorded. Growth performance, pigment concentration, Rubisco protein content, ion concentration and regulation of salt-inducible genes were evaluated. At high salinity levels, the biomass of most C. maritima populations increased, but the reverse was true for B. tournefortii populations. The acclimation of B. tournefortii to salt stress depends on Na⁺ extrusion mechanisms. Meanwhile, C. maritima acclimated by a regulated and controlled ion uptake, regulated salt-inducible genes and efficient use of Na⁺ in osmotic adjustment. Hierarchical analysis revealed that the expression pattern of Na⁺-inducible genes was not only species-dependent but also organ-dependent. The expression pattern did not correspond to the profiles of promoter regulatory motifs of the examined genes. The study concluded that the tolerance mechanisms are not static among halophytes, but they are dependent on the species and even on the population of a species.

提高作物抗逆性的潜在途径之一是发现盐生植物的抗逆机制。从盐度不同的四个地点收集了 Cakile maritima 和 Brassica tournefortii。每个地点采集了两个种群。C. maritima 的种群具有不同的表型特征，尤其是在高盐度水平下。与此同时，B. tournefortii 种群在所有地点的表型特征大致相似。本研究旨在通过研究 C. maritima 和 B. tournefortii 的不同种群在其自然栖息地对高盐度的反应，比较它们所采用的耐盐策略。记录了每个物种种群之间的进化关系。评估了生长性能、色素浓度、Rubisco 蛋白含量、离子浓度和盐诱导基因的调控。在高盐度条件下，大多数 C. maritima 种群的生物量增加，但 B. tournefortii 种群的生物量则相反。B. tournefortii对盐胁迫的适应取决于Na+挤出机制。与此同时，C. maritima 通过调节和控制离子吸收、调节盐诱导基因以及在渗透调节中有效利用 Na+ 来适应盐胁迫。层次分析表明，Na+诱导基因的表达模式不仅与物种有关，而且与器官有关。这种表达模式与所研究基因的启动子调控基团的轮廓并不一致。研究得出的结论是，卤叶植物的耐受机制并非一成不变，而是取决于物种，甚至取决于物种的种群。

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引用次数: 0

Integrated metabolomic and transcriptomic insights into the role of anthocyanin and flavonoid biosynthesis in the pulp coloration mechanisms of Baccaurea ramiflora Lour. (Burmese grape) 综合代谢组学和转录组学研究花青素和类黄酮生物合成在蓝花木果肉着色机制中的作用。(缅甸葡萄)

IF 2.2 Q3 GENETICS & HEREDITY

Plant Gene

Pub Date : 2025-04-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.plgene.2025.100510

Jianjian Huang , Jie Chen , Hui Zhu , Yuzhong Zheng , Xueying Wen , Suying Cai , Yingchun Zhu , Mo Ding , Qinghan Wu , Zikai Chen , Fengnian Wu

Baccaurea ramiflora Lour. (Burmese grape), a wild fruit tree with edible, ornamental, and medicinal qualities. The mechanism behind the color accumulation in its fruit pulp, which can be either pink or milky-white, remains unclear. This study investigates the metabolome and transcriptome of two B. ramiflora pulp types—LR (milky-white at maturity) and BR (pink at maturity)—to elucidate their coloration processes. We identified 35 flavonoids, including nine involved in the anthocyanin synthesis pathway, confirming cyanidin as the pivotal pigment for the pink pulp coloration. An examination of the flavonoid and anthocyanin biosynthetic pathways in B. ramiflora pulp uncovered 39 differentially expressed genes associated with structural genes. The genes F3′5′H and UFGT exhibited high expression levels in the first two developmental stages of BR, significantly more than in LR, and were almost non-existent in later stages, signifying their crucial role in the differential color accumulation between BR and LR pulps. Additionally, the expression levels of CHI and FLS, early-stage structural genes in the anthocyanin synthesis pathway, correlated with the concentrations of naringenin and quercetin, indicating their importance in the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway of B. ramiflora pulp. These discoveries provide new insights that could facilitate the breeding of B. ramiflora varieties with diverse pulp colors.

假芽孢杆菌。（缅甸葡萄），一种可食用、观赏和药用的野生果树。其果肉可能是粉红色的，也可能是乳白色的，其颜色积累背后的机制尚不清楚。本研究研究了两种不同果肉类型（成熟乳白色和成熟粉红色）的代谢组学和转录组学，以阐明它们的着色过程。我们鉴定了35种黄酮类化合物，其中9种参与花青素合成途径，证实了花青素是粉红果肉着色的关键色素。通过对芥蓝果肉类黄酮和花青素生物合成途径的研究，发现了39个与结构基因相关的差异表达基因。F3’5’h和UFGT基因在BR发育的前两个阶段表达水平较高，显著高于LR，而在后期几乎不表达，说明它们在BR和LR果肉颜色积累差异中起着至关重要的作用。此外，花青素合成途径的早期结构基因CHI和FLS的表达水平与柚皮素和槲皮素的浓度相关，说明它们在花青素合成途径中的重要性。这些发现为培育具有不同果肉颜色的分枝芽孢杆菌品种提供了新的思路。

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引用次数: 0

Coetaneous activity of Sub1a and SK for maintenance of underwater growth in rice genotypes Sub1a和SK在水稻基因型中维持水下生长的同时活性

IF 2.2 Q3 GENETICS & HEREDITY

Plant Gene

Pub Date : 2025-03-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.plgene.2025.100502

Sandip Pal , Dip Pal , Rup Kumar Kar , Debasish Panda , Pradip Chandra Dey , Narottam Dey

Despite the availability of flood-tolerant genotypes with Sub1a-mediated elongation, SK has been depicted as the primary gene responsible for elongation under prolonged submergence. However, the combined role of both loci (Sub1a and SK) are prerequisites for the survival of rice plants under flash floods followed by stagnant floods that are yet to be revealed. The combinatorial action of Sub1a and SK in a selected group of lowland rice with the simultaneous presence of both loci were studied for their physio-biochemical performance under induced flash flood followed by water stagnation for 21 days. Among the lines, var. Ganga Sali showed elongation and Kalapatia showed quiescence growth with varied degrees of aerenchyma formation. Further, it was endorsed that var. Ganga Sali showed the highest enzymatic activity of ADH and minimal for PDC under submerged conditions. RT PCR-based expression analysis of Sub1a, SK1, SK2, adh1, pdc1, and susy1 genetic loci under differential submergence showed a mixed response to the depth and duration of the induced flood, among which Sub1a and SK2 showed distinct differences between normal and test plant tissue. From expression analysis, the differential activity of Sub1a and SK2 was recorded, which showed that during the onset of flood, Sub1a starts to express in both the var. Ganga Sali and var. Kalapatia, but as the flood prevails for a longer period, the expression of Sub1a is masked by both SK1 and SK2. Overall, the study demonstrates the combinatorial role of both the genes in two studied rice lines under different flood regimes and their effect on phenotype. The present work may be the first report on the combinatorial expression of Sub1a and SK under differentially induced submergence on a mixed rice population.

尽管存在具有sub1a介导的伸长的耐洪水基因型，但SK已被描述为在长时间淹没下负责伸长的主要基因。然而，这两个基因座（Sub1a和SK）的联合作用是水稻在山洪暴发后的滞洪中存活的先决条件，这一点尚未被揭示。选取同时存在Sub1a和SK基因座的水稻为研究对象，研究了这两个基因座在山洪诱导下的生理生化性能。其中Ganga Sali品种表现为伸长，Kalapatia品种表现为静止生长，并形成不同程度的通气组织。此外，在淹没条件下，var. Ganga Sali的ADH酶活性最高，而PDC酶活性最低。基于RT - pcr的差异淹水条件下Sub1a、SK1、SK2、adh1、pdc1和susy1基因位点的表达分析显示，不同淹水条件下，Sub1a、pdc1和susy1基因位点的表达对诱导淹水的深度和持续时间有不同的响应，其中Sub1a和SK2基因位点在正常和受试植物组织中表现出明显差异。从表达分析来看，记录了Sub1a和SK2的差异活性，表明在洪水开始时，Sub1a在Ganga Sali和Kalapatia中都开始表达，但随着洪水持续时间的延长，Sub1a的表达被SK1和SK2掩盖。总之，本研究证明了这两个基因在不同洪水条件下的组合作用及其对表型的影响。本研究可能是首次报道了Sub1a和SK在不同诱导淹没条件下在混合水稻群体上的组合表达。

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引用次数: 0

Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Sorghum mutant genotypes revealed through genetic Characterization 通过遗传鉴定揭示高粱突变基因型的遗传多样性和群体结构

IF 2.2 Q3 GENETICS & HEREDITY

Plant Gene

Pub Date : 2025-03-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.plgene.2025.100501

Abera Takele , Tesfaye Disasa , Tileye Feyissa , Alemu Lencho , Chemeda Birhanu

Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) is a climate-resilient cereal vital for food security, especially in arid and semi-arid regions. Understanding the molecular characterization of sorghum mutant genotypes is crucial for crop improvement, yet their genetic diversity and population structure remain poorly understood. This study assessed 190 randomly selected mutant genotypes from 2000 M₂ lines generated via Ethyl Methanesulfonate (EMS) treatment, alongside two parental lines, using 10 Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) markers. Key diversity metrics, including polymorphic information content (PIC), genetic diversity (GD), and allelic richness (Ar), were analyzed. The SSR analysis revealed significant polymorphism, with mean values of 0.84 (PIC), 0.83 (GD), and 6.41 (Ar), indicating substantial genetic variation. Analysis of Molecular Variance (AMOVA) showed that 97 % of genetic variation occurred among individuals, with only 2 % and 1 % attributed to population and within-individual variations, respectively. The high within-population variation suggests extensive genetic diversity due to mutagenesis and selection. Despite this, moderate population divergence was observed, indicating genetic relatedness among groups. Cluster analysis identified two distinct genetic groups, with most clusters containing mutants from both parental lines, reflecting shared ancestry. Several mutants with high genetic diversity were identified as promising candidates for multi-location agronomic trials, particularly for drought resilience and yield stability. These findings highlight the potential of these genotypes for breeding programs aimed at enhancing sorghum resilience and productivity.

高粱（Sorghum bicolor， L.）小麦是一种具有气候适应能力的谷物，对粮食安全至关重要，尤其是在干旱和半干旱地区。了解高粱突变基因型的分子特征对作物改良至关重要，但对其遗传多样性和群体结构的了解仍然很少。本研究利用10个SSR （Simple Sequence Repeat）标记，对2000个经甲基磺酸乙酯（EMS）处理的M2品系和2个亲本随机选择的190个突变基因型进行了评估。分析了主要多样性指标，包括多态性信息含量（PIC）、遗传多样性（GD）和等位基因丰富度（Ar）。SSR分析显示多态性显著，PIC均值为0.84，GD均值为0.83，Ar均值为6.41，表明存在较大的遗传变异。分子变异分析（AMOVA）表明，97%的遗传变异发生在个体之间，分别只有2%和1%归因于群体和个体内变异。种群内的高变异表明，由于诱变和选择，遗传多样性广泛存在。尽管如此，适度的群体差异被观察到，表明群体之间的遗传亲缘关系。聚类分析确定了两个不同的遗传群体，大多数聚类包含来自两个亲本系的突变体，反映了共同的祖先。一些具有高遗传多样性的突变体被确定为多地点农艺试验的有希望的候选者，特别是在抗旱性和产量稳定性方面。这些发现突出了这些基因型在旨在提高高粱抗逆性和生产力的育种计划中的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Identification and comparative analysis of flowering genes in the Sugar pathway from five Gossypium species 五种棉属植物糖途径开花基因的鉴定与比较分析

IF 2.2 Q3 GENETICS & HEREDITY

Plant Gene

Pub Date : 2025-03-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.plgene.2025.100500

Lei-Ming Liu , Chuan-Bo Jiang , Yi-Lin Yang , Tian-Run Mei , Ruo-Fei Liu , Hai-Liang Liu , Xian-Zhong Huang

Flowering is a critical plant growth stage coordinated by internal and external factors. Changes to endogenous sugar levels can promote or inhibit flowering, but research on the regulation of flowering-related genes associated with the sugar pathway in cotton is limited. Here, a genome-wide study identified 165 flowering and sugar pathway-related genes in five cotton species: Gossypium herbaceum, G. arboreum, G. hirsutum, G. barbadense, and G. raimondii. The genes were phylogenetically classified into nine subfamilies and showed a high degree of conservation. Notably, no homologs of INDETERMINATE DOMAIN 8 (IDD8), SUCROSE-PROTON SYMPORTER 9 (SUC9), or AGP GALACTOSYLTRANSFERASE 2 (GALT2) were identified. A synteny analysis provided evidence of varying degrees of gene expansion, and a selection pressure analysis indicated that the genes had undergone purifying selection, with Ka/Ks ratios of <1. The similarity among the genes identified in G. herbaceum, G. arboreum, and G. raimondii was higher than between these species and the allopolyploid cotton species, indicating the earlier divergence of these genes. A network analysis of protein interaction revealed G. hirsutum proteins to be associated primarily with sugar synthesis, transport, and metabolism. Yeast two-hybrid assays demonstrated that GhTPS1–1 and GhHXK1–1 can interact with GhPGI1–1. RNA-sequencing data for 46 genes from eight tissue-types in G. hirsutum revealed that most were highly expressed in stems and flowers. This study provides a comprehensive phylogenetic and network analysis of flowering-related genes in the sugar pathway across five Gossypium species, laying a foundation for future in-depth research on the functional mechanisms of these genes.

开花期是植物生长发育的关键阶段，内外因素相互协调。内源糖水平的变化可以促进或抑制棉花的开花，但对棉花中糖途径相关的开花相关基因调控的研究有限。在这里，一项全基因组研究鉴定了5种棉花的165个开花和糖通路相关基因：棉花、树棉、毛棉、巴贝登棉和雷蒙地棉。这些基因在系统发育上被划分为9个亚科，并表现出高度的保守性。值得注意的是，未发现INDETERMINATE DOMAIN 8 （IDD8）、蔗糖-质子同体转运酶9 （SUC9）或AGP半乳糖转移酶2 （GALT2）的同源物。合成分析表明基因扩增程度不同，选择压力分析表明基因进行了纯化选择，Ka/Ks比值为<；1。草本棉种、乔木棉种和雷蒙棉种的基因相似性高于异源多倍体棉种，表明这些基因的分化时间较早。蛋白质相互作用的网络分析表明，毛藓蛋白主要与糖的合成、运输和代谢有关。酵母双杂交实验表明GhTPS1-1和GhHXK1-1可以与GhPGI1-1相互作用。对来自8种组织类型的46个基因的rna测序数据显示，大多数基因在茎和花中高表达。本研究对5种棉属植物糖通路中开花相关基因进行了全面的系统发育和网络分析，为进一步深入研究这些基因的功能机制奠定基础。

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引用次数: 0

Molecular cloning and characterization of CtCuZnSOD gene from Cyamopsis tetragonoloba under drought stress 干旱胁迫下四叶青草CtCuZnSOD基因的克隆及特性分析

IF 2.2 Q3 GENETICS & HEREDITY

Plant Gene

Pub Date : 2025-03-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.plgene.2025.100499

Mamtesh Kumari , Rashmi Gangwar , Harry Kaur , Ramasare Prasad

CuZnSOD plays a crucial role in mitigating drought-induced oxidative stress by serving as the primary defense against reactive oxygen species (ROS). This study identifies and characterizes CuZnSOD in Cyamopsis tetragonoloba, revealing tissue-specific expression of the CtCuZnSOD gene. Its significant upregulation under drought stress, particularly in leaf tissues, underscores its essential role in the plant's adaptive defense mechanism. A key achievement of this research was the successful cloning of the full-length CtCuZnSOD gene, which consists of a 453 bp open reading frame (ORF) encoding a 150 amino acid protein. The expression of the recombinant protein in E. coli led to the purification of a protein with a molecular weight of 15.22 kDa. Remarkably, the enzyme displayed thermostability, retaining over 20 % of its activity at 80 °C, and functioned effectively across a wide pH range, with optimal activity at pH 5.0. Its inhibition by potassium cyanide and hydrogen peroxide confirmed its classification as CuZnSOD. The enzyme demonstrated remarkable stability, retaining activity even in the presence of strong denaturants such as urea, SDS, DTT, and β-mercaptoethanol. This robustness, confirmed by in silico analysis, underscores its significance for diverse applications. This study underscores the pivotal role of CuZnSOD in bolstering plant resilience against environmental stressors, particularly drought conditions. Additionally, the CtCuZnSOD enzyme's stability and resilience under harsh conditions render it a highly valuable candidate for applications in both agricultural biotechnology and enzyme technology, where the presence of stable enzymes is critical for effectiveness.

CuZnSOD作为抗活性氧（ROS）的主要防御手段，在缓解干旱诱导的氧化应激中起着至关重要的作用。本研究鉴定并表征了Cyamopsis tetragonoloba中的CuZnSOD，揭示了CtCuZnSOD基因在组织中的特异性表达。它在干旱胁迫下显著上调，特别是在叶片组织中，强调了它在植物适应性防御机制中的重要作用。CtCuZnSOD基因全长453bp，编码150个氨基酸的开放阅读框（ORF），是本研究的关键成果。重组蛋白在大肠杆菌中的表达纯化得到分子量为15.22 kDa的重组蛋白。值得注意的是，该酶表现出热稳定性，在80°C下保持20%以上的活性，并在很宽的pH范围内有效地发挥作用，pH为5.0时活性最佳。经氰化钾和过氧化氢的抑制作用，确定其为CuZnSOD。该酶表现出显著的稳定性，即使在尿素、SDS、DTT和β-巯基乙醇等强变性剂存在下也能保持活性。这种稳健性，证实了在硅分析，强调其重要性的不同应用。这项研究强调了CuZnSOD在增强植物对环境胁迫，特别是干旱条件的恢复能力方面的关键作用。此外，CtCuZnSOD酶在恶劣条件下的稳定性和弹性使其成为农业生物技术和酶技术中非常有价值的应用候选者，其中稳定酶的存在对有效性至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

Differential expression of genes related to tillering in lowland rice varieties cultivated under upland condition 旱地栽培水稻品种分蘖相关基因的差异表达

IF 2.2 Q3 GENETICS & HEREDITY

Plant Gene

Pub Date : 2025-03-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.plgene.2025.100498

Muazr Amer Hamzah , Parameswari Namasivayam , Nur Fatihah Mohd Yusoff , Chai-Ling Ho

Rice tillering is a key determinant of yield and is influenced by genetic, hormonal, and environmental factors. Building upon previous findings that upland conditions reduced tiller production in lowland rice varieties, this study investigated the differential expression of tillering-related genes in two lowland rice varieties, Kadaria and MR269, cultivated under upland and lowland conditions. The transcript abundance of genes involved in tillering, phytohormone biosynthesis, and stress response at the basal part of the rice plant was analyzed using the NanoString nCounter® system. The down-regulation of PIN Protein 9 (OsPIN9) and up-regulation of Dwarf 14 (D14) in both lowland rice varieties may lead to auxin accumulation and enhanced strigolactone signaling in rice plants cultivated under upland conditions, hence causing them to produce fewer tillers. In addition, the up-regulation of Cytochrome P450 735A4 (CYP735A4), a gene involved in cytokinin biosynthesis, was also observed in rice plants cultivated under upland conditions. The differential expression of LAX Panicle 2 (LAX2), PIN Protein 1b (OsPIN1b), PIN Protein 2 (OsPIN2), and Pyrabactin Resistance 1 Like/Regulatory Components of ABA Receptor 10 (OsPYL/RCAR10) was unique to specific rice varieties, suggesting varietal differences in tillering responses to a possible water stress imposed by the upland conditions. These findings contribute to the understanding of potential molecular pathways influencing tiller production in lowland rice varieties cultivated under water-limited upland conditions.

水稻分蘖是水稻产量的关键决定因素，受遗传、激素和环境因素的影响。在先前发现旱地条件降低了低地水稻品种分蘖产量的基础上，本研究调查了在旱地和低地条件下栽培的两个低地水稻品种Kadaria和MR269分蘖相关基因的差异表达。利用NanoString nCounter®系统分析了水稻基部分蘖、植物激素生物合成和胁迫响应相关基因的转录丰度。两个低地水稻品种PIN蛋白9 （OsPIN9）的下调和Dwarf 14 （D14）的上调可能导致旱地栽培水稻的生长素积累和独角麦内酯信号的增强，从而导致分蘖数减少。此外，在旱地栽培的水稻植株中，参与细胞分裂素生物合成的细胞色素P450 735A4 （CYP735A4）基因也出现了上调。不同水稻品种对LAX穗2 （LAX2）、PIN蛋白1b （OsPIN1b）、PIN蛋白2 （OsPIN2）和ABA受体10抗Pyrabactin样物/调控组分（OsPYL/RCAR10）的差异表达是独特的，表明不同品种对旱地条件可能造成的水分胁迫的分蘖反应存在差异。这些发现有助于理解在旱地限水条件下影响水稻分蘖产量的潜在分子途径。

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引用次数: 0

Pangenome-wide identification, evolutionary analysis, and characterization of WOX gene family among Brassica Triangle of U's genomes 三角芸苔WOX基因家族的全基因组鉴定、进化分析和特征分析

IF 2.2 Q3 GENETICS & HEREDITY

Plant Gene

Pub Date : 2025-03-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.plgene.2025.100497

Prabhakaran Soundararajan , AT Vivek , Gokul Babu Suresh , Bhavya Shukla , Kanchan B.M. Singh , Shailesh Kumar , Abinaya Manivannan

WUSCHEL-related homeobox (WOX) is an evolutionarily important gene family involved in key developmental processes such as embryo patterning, stem cell regulation, apical meristem maintenance, etc. Brassica contains several widely diversified and economically important vegetables grown worldwide. In this study, a pangenome-wide identification and characterization of the WOX gene family among all the species of Brassica Triangle of U's have been performed. WOX gene family was identified from the genomes of 31 Brassica species/morphotypes. About 26–28, 28, and 26–31 copies of WOX genes are present in diploid progenitors such as B. rapa (AA), B. nigra(BB), and B. oleracea (CC), respectively. In allotetraploid species, the number of WOX genes exceeds more than 50 copies. However, their number varies between morphotypes at the pangenome level. Motif and gene structure analysis showed distinct and conserved patterns between homoeologous genes. Non-synonymous (Ka)/Synonymous (Ks) ratio indicated that more number of modern/WUS clade orthologs underwent positive selection followed by those of the intermediate clade. Interacting networks between the WOX and miRNA showed that the CC genome has more complex network pattern compared to the AA genome. Although the WOX-miRNA interactions observed in both AABB and AACC genomes were distinct, they exhibited similarity in overlapping connections. Transcriptome data, analyzed from unfertilized ovule to seven developmental stages of embryos and their seed coat, sourced from public databases across six genomes, illustrated that WOX genes are expressed in a spatio-temporal manner throughout these developmental stages. Furthermore, qPCR analysis of WOX genes at two stages, such as 2–3 days old (leaf and root primordia) and 3 weeks old seedlings (leaf and root) in B. juncea and B. oleracea provides details of stage- and tissues-specific expression patterns between AB and C genomes. Overall, the present study sheds light on evolution and characterization of the WOX gene family in Brassica at the pangenome level for further functional validation.

wuschelrelated homeobox （WOX）是一个具有重要进化意义的基因家族，参与胚胎模式、干细胞调控、根尖分生组织维持等关键发育过程。芸苔属包括几种广泛多样化和经济上重要的蔬菜种植在世界各地。在本研究中，我们对U型三角芸苔（Brassica Triangle of U’s）所有种的WOX基因家族进行了全基因组鉴定和表征。从31个芸苔种/形态型的基因组中鉴定出WOX基因家族。在二倍体祖细胞如B. rapa （AA）、B. nigra（BB）和B. oleracea （CC）中，WOX基因分别有26 - 28,28和26-31个拷贝。在异源四倍体物种中，WOX基因的拷贝数超过50份。然而，它们的数量在泛基因组水平上因形态而异。基序和基因结构分析显示同源基因之间存在明显的保守模式。非同义(Ka)/同义（Ks）比值表明，更多的现代/WUS进化枝同源物发生正向选择，其次是中间进化枝。WOX和miRNA之间的相互作用网络表明，CC基因组比AA基因组具有更复杂的网络模式。尽管在AABB和AACC基因组中观察到的WOX-miRNA相互作用是不同的，但它们在重叠连接上表现出相似性。转录组数据来源于6个基因组的公共数据库，分析了从未受精的胚珠到胚胎的7个发育阶段及其种皮的转录组数据，表明WOX基因在这些发育阶段以时空方式表达。此外，对芥菜和甘蓝2-3天龄（叶和根原基）和3周龄幼苗（叶和根）中WOX基因的qPCR分析提供了AB和C基因组之间阶段和组织特异性表达模式的细节。总的来说，本研究在泛基因组水平上阐明了芸苔属WOX基因家族的进化和特征，为进一步的功能验证提供了基础。

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引用次数: 0