Pub Date : 2017-01-02DOI: 10.1080/14662035.2017.1318603
P. Gleeson
Sacred Sites and Holy Places: Exploring the Sacralisation of Landscape Through Time and Space, edited by Sæbjørg Walaker Nordeide and Stefan Brink, Brepols, 2013, xii+282 pp., €80 Hbk, 63 black-and-white illustrations, ISBN 978 2 503 54100 6 Places of Worship in Britain and Ireland, AD 300–95, edited by P. S. Barnwell, 2015, Donington Lincs, Paul Watkins Publishing/Shaun Tyas, 256 pp., £40 Hbk, black-andwhite illustrations, colour plates, ISBN: 978 1 90773 048 1
{"title":"Sacred Sites and Holy Places: Exploring the Sacralisation of Landscape Through Time and Space / Places of Worship in Britain and Ireland, AD 300–95","authors":"P. Gleeson","doi":"10.1080/14662035.2017.1318603","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14662035.2017.1318603","url":null,"abstract":"Sacred Sites and Holy Places: Exploring the Sacralisation of Landscape Through Time and Space, edited by Sæbjørg Walaker Nordeide and Stefan Brink, Brepols, 2013, xii+282 pp., €80 Hbk, 63 black-and-white illustrations, ISBN 978 2 503 54100 6 Places of Worship in Britain and Ireland, AD 300–95, edited by P. S. Barnwell, 2015, Donington Lincs, Paul Watkins Publishing/Shaun Tyas, 256 pp., £40 Hbk, black-andwhite illustrations, colour plates, ISBN: 978 1 90773 048 1","PeriodicalId":38043,"journal":{"name":"Landscapes (United Kingdom)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/14662035.2017.1318603","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48105725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-02DOI: 10.1080/14662035.2017.1318613
Kirsty Millican, P. Dixon, Lesley Macinnes, Mike E. Middleton
ABSTRACT This paper discusses the recent completion of Scotland’s Historic Land-use Assessment (HLA) project, a long-term partnership between Historic Scotland and the Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Scotland (RCAHMS) (now merged as Historic Environment Scotland) to map time-depth within the present-day landscape was completed in 2015. This paper places HLA within the wider context of historic landscape characterisation (HLC) in Europe and outlines some of the new insights and perspectives that this resource provides for Scotland’s landscapes. In particular, the historical complexity and time-depth inherent within the Scottish landscape is emphasised, along with the importance of HLA’s landscape-scale data and nationwide coverage. The paper finishes with a discussion of some of the possibilities and challenges for the future of HLA and HLC projects in general, concluding that HLA/HLC data have a significant part to play in understanding and communicating the role of the past in the formation of current landscapes and, in partnership with multidisciplinary data, helping to shape future landscapes.
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Pub Date : 2017-01-02DOI: 10.1080/14662035.2017.1318608
Beatrice Widell
ABSTRACT Despite being heavily criticised by archaeologists, phenomenology and Husserl’s concept of lifeworld to denote the collective sensory world of a group of humans arguably have the potential to uncover valuable information on past experiential landscapes. Drawing on a variety of sources, this paper explores the extent to which phenomenology can be used in early medieval monastic archaeological research. It focuses on the lifeworld of Irish monks that is expressed in the hagiography Vita Columbae, by Adomnán (d.704), which depicts orally transmitted landscape experiences and memories. These literary traces of a lifeworld are conflated with the physical landscape and archaeological evidence in a case study set in Argyll in western Scotland. It is argued that the location of monasteries was partly determined by the spiritual memories and religious experiences of the landscape, and that the spiritually memorised topographies were connected to certain emotions that the monks experienced daily and which they used to shape their mental landscapes of. By addressing the lifeworld in hagiographies, we may gain further insight into the mental maps of monks, and into their religious lives and movements in the landscape, which provides an alternative and fruitful approach towards medieval monastic landscapes.
{"title":"The Monastic Lifeworld: Memories and Narratives of Landscapes of Early Medieval Monasticism in Argyll, Scotland","authors":"Beatrice Widell","doi":"10.1080/14662035.2017.1318608","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14662035.2017.1318608","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Despite being heavily criticised by archaeologists, phenomenology and Husserl’s concept of lifeworld to denote the collective sensory world of a group of humans arguably have the potential to uncover valuable information on past experiential landscapes. Drawing on a variety of sources, this paper explores the extent to which phenomenology can be used in early medieval monastic archaeological research. It focuses on the lifeworld of Irish monks that is expressed in the hagiography Vita Columbae, by Adomnán (d.704), which depicts orally transmitted landscape experiences and memories. These literary traces of a lifeworld are conflated with the physical landscape and archaeological evidence in a case study set in Argyll in western Scotland. It is argued that the location of monasteries was partly determined by the spiritual memories and religious experiences of the landscape, and that the spiritually memorised topographies were connected to certain emotions that the monks experienced daily and which they used to shape their mental landscapes of. By addressing the lifeworld in hagiographies, we may gain further insight into the mental maps of monks, and into their religious lives and movements in the landscape, which provides an alternative and fruitful approach towards medieval monastic landscapes.","PeriodicalId":38043,"journal":{"name":"Landscapes (United Kingdom)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/14662035.2017.1318608","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59947617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-02DOI: 10.1080/14662035.2017.1318607
P. Stamper
from not one but two conferences, TAG2013 and Nordic TAG2014 – a review must be selective, but it is precisely the book’s breadth which makes it worth reading. Fortunately, Julian Thomas in ‘Concluding Remarks’ provides a more detailed review of the book, while contextualising taskscape in the disciplinary trajectory of archaeology from the 1970s to the present day. He also provides a responsive dialogue to Fleming’s chapter, thus continuing that longrunning but permanently fascinating debate among archaeologists about how to deal with landscape, to which this collection makes a good contribution.
{"title":"The Fight for Beauty: Our Path to a Better Future","authors":"P. Stamper","doi":"10.1080/14662035.2017.1318607","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14662035.2017.1318607","url":null,"abstract":"from not one but two conferences, TAG2013 and Nordic TAG2014 – a review must be selective, but it is precisely the book’s breadth which makes it worth reading. Fortunately, Julian Thomas in ‘Concluding Remarks’ provides a more detailed review of the book, while contextualising taskscape in the disciplinary trajectory of archaeology from the 1970s to the present day. He also provides a responsive dialogue to Fleming’s chapter, thus continuing that longrunning but permanently fascinating debate among archaeologists about how to deal with landscape, to which this collection makes a good contribution.","PeriodicalId":38043,"journal":{"name":"Landscapes (United Kingdom)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/14662035.2017.1318607","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45598668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-02DOI: 10.1080/14662035.2017.1318612
T. Breen
ABSTRACT The development of the English landscape in the post-medieval period is often viewed as a process of privatisation particularly involving enclosure and the removal of common rights. It also involved – the focus of this paper – the closure or diversion of roads and footpaths through various legal devices. The morphology of rights of way structures how people navigate and experience the landscape, and a close examination of the changing status of rights of way can provide important insight into the character and extent of the privatisation process. Through a detailed analysis of the three main sources used in legal disputes concerning the status of roads and footpaths – enclosure awards, tithe apportionments and the 1910 Finance Act documents – the changing status of rights of way can be analysed within their wider context. This Norfolk case study demonstrates that sustained communal activity could reverse this process of privatisation. In the present day, the Countryside and Rights of Way Act 2000 requires all public rights of way to be recognised and their statuses confirmed by 1 January 2026; our understanding of the status of rights of way has never had such important legal, political and historical ramifications. This study illustrates how a landscape history approach can throw important light on an issue of more than academic significance. Abbreviations: TNA: The National Archives; NRO: Norfolk Record Office
{"title":"Public or Private? An Analysis of the Legal Status of Rights of Way in Norfolk","authors":"T. Breen","doi":"10.1080/14662035.2017.1318612","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14662035.2017.1318612","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The development of the English landscape in the post-medieval period is often viewed as a process of privatisation particularly involving enclosure and the removal of common rights. It also involved – the focus of this paper – the closure or diversion of roads and footpaths through various legal devices. The morphology of rights of way structures how people navigate and experience the landscape, and a close examination of the changing status of rights of way can provide important insight into the character and extent of the privatisation process. Through a detailed analysis of the three main sources used in legal disputes concerning the status of roads and footpaths – enclosure awards, tithe apportionments and the 1910 Finance Act documents – the changing status of rights of way can be analysed within their wider context. This Norfolk case study demonstrates that sustained communal activity could reverse this process of privatisation. In the present day, the Countryside and Rights of Way Act 2000 requires all public rights of way to be recognised and their statuses confirmed by 1 January 2026; our understanding of the status of rights of way has never had such important legal, political and historical ramifications. This study illustrates how a landscape history approach can throw important light on an issue of more than academic significance. Abbreviations: TNA: The National Archives; NRO: Norfolk Record Office","PeriodicalId":38043,"journal":{"name":"Landscapes (United Kingdom)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/14662035.2017.1318612","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49408135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-02DOI: 10.1080/14662035.2017.1318609
E. Campbell
ABSTRACT This paper is a study of the Gaelic lordship of Pobul Uí Cheallacháin, Co. Cork, Ireland. It uses an interdisciplinary approach drawing on archaeological, historical, cartographic and toponymic evidence to reconstruct the political geography of the lordship, investigating how power was manifested in the landscape. In the medieval period, land within the territory was organised and allocated following Gaelic custom ‘time out of mind used’. When in the 1590s the lordship underwent a fundamental change with the surrender and regrant of land to the English Crown, the social relationships underpinning the lordship, and the manner in which they were expressed in the landscape, were reordered. The paper pays special attention to Gaelic land units, settlement and place-names, and explores how political changes occurring in the late sixteenth century in a broader Irish and European context impacted on the landscape and settlement of an individual lordship.
{"title":"Pobul Uí Cheallacháin: Landscape and Power in an Early Modern Gaelic Lordship†","authors":"E. Campbell","doi":"10.1080/14662035.2017.1318609","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14662035.2017.1318609","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This paper is a study of the Gaelic lordship of Pobul Uí Cheallacháin, Co. Cork, Ireland. It uses an interdisciplinary approach drawing on archaeological, historical, cartographic and toponymic evidence to reconstruct the political geography of the lordship, investigating how power was manifested in the landscape. In the medieval period, land within the territory was organised and allocated following Gaelic custom ‘time out of mind used’. When in the 1590s the lordship underwent a fundamental change with the surrender and regrant of land to the English Crown, the social relationships underpinning the lordship, and the manner in which they were expressed in the landscape, were reordered. The paper pays special attention to Gaelic land units, settlement and place-names, and explores how political changes occurring in the late sixteenth century in a broader Irish and European context impacted on the landscape and settlement of an individual lordship.","PeriodicalId":38043,"journal":{"name":"Landscapes (United Kingdom)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/14662035.2017.1318609","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41655729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-07-02DOI: 10.1080/14662035.2016.1251106
Mara Tesorieri
ABSTRACT This paper reports on a bioarchaeological study of regional health patterns in early medieval Ireland (c.400–1200 A.D.). While many regional studies have demonstrated the influence the surrounding environment can have on population health, these studies have focused on large geographical areas composed of distinct environmental landscapes. This paper demonstrates the importance of smaller regional studies in our interpretation of the historical past. Its analysis of human skeletal remains from three regions in Ireland illustrates that even the more subtle differences observed in the physical, cultural and political landscapes can and did affect the general health of populations. In particular, the landscape of early medieval Ireland appears to have had a strong climatic north and south divide in the health status of the inhabitants, with the most northerly region manifesting higher rates of stress when compared to their southern counterparts.
{"title":"The Influence of Regional Landscapes on Early Medieval Health (c.400–1200 A.D.): Evidence from Irish Human Skeletal Remains","authors":"Mara Tesorieri","doi":"10.1080/14662035.2016.1251106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14662035.2016.1251106","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This paper reports on a bioarchaeological study of regional health patterns in early medieval Ireland (c.400–1200 A.D.). While many regional studies have demonstrated the influence the surrounding environment can have on population health, these studies have focused on large geographical areas composed of distinct environmental landscapes. This paper demonstrates the importance of smaller regional studies in our interpretation of the historical past. Its analysis of human skeletal remains from three regions in Ireland illustrates that even the more subtle differences observed in the physical, cultural and political landscapes can and did affect the general health of populations. In particular, the landscape of early medieval Ireland appears to have had a strong climatic north and south divide in the health status of the inhabitants, with the most northerly region manifesting higher rates of stress when compared to their southern counterparts.","PeriodicalId":38043,"journal":{"name":"Landscapes (United Kingdom)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/14662035.2016.1251106","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59947552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-07-02DOI: 10.1080/14662035.2016.1251054
G. Fairclough
A book so-titled could easily be of the genre which identifies heritage and landscape value in places which have hitherto not been ‘allowed’ to have either of them. In some chapters, it does that, ...
{"title":"The Anti-Landscape","authors":"G. Fairclough","doi":"10.1080/14662035.2016.1251054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14662035.2016.1251054","url":null,"abstract":"A book so-titled could easily be of the genre which identifies heritage and landscape value in places which have hitherto not been ‘allowed’ to have either of them. In some chapters, it does that, ...","PeriodicalId":38043,"journal":{"name":"Landscapes (United Kingdom)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/14662035.2016.1251054","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59947786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-07-02DOI: 10.1080/14662035.2016.1251048
P. Stamper
{"title":"The Wonder of the North: Fountains Abbey and Studley Royal","authors":"P. Stamper","doi":"10.1080/14662035.2016.1251048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14662035.2016.1251048","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38043,"journal":{"name":"Landscapes (United Kingdom)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/14662035.2016.1251048","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59947704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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