Pub Date : 2023-05-25DOI: 10.24818//syn/2023/19/1.01
R. Marinescu
This article presents some ideas on the future of feminism starting from the postcolonial/ postcommunist framework, based on similarities in the decolonisation and respectively transition periods in what regards approaches to gender and feminist practices, with a special interest in India and Romania. Some of these refer to belonging to the neoliberal paradigm and necessity to disrupt it, by strengthening the bottom-up work of the nongovernmental organisations, encouraging alternative knowledge systems and giving a voice to so-far silent members of society and non-human others, while focusing on a feminist ethic of care and using the COVID-19 pandemic as an opportunity for change.
{"title":"CONSIDERATIONS ON THE FUTURE OF FEMINISM WITHIN THE POSTCOLONIAL AND POSTCOMMUNIST FRAMEWORK","authors":"R. Marinescu","doi":"10.24818//syn/2023/19/1.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24818//syn/2023/19/1.01","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents some ideas on the future of feminism starting from the postcolonial/ postcommunist framework, based on similarities in the decolonisation and respectively transition periods in what regards approaches to gender and feminist practices, with a special interest in India and Romania. Some of these refer to belonging to the neoliberal paradigm and necessity to disrupt it, by strengthening the bottom-up work of the nongovernmental organisations, encouraging alternative knowledge systems and giving a voice to so-far silent members of society and non-human others, while focusing on a feminist ethic of care and using the COVID-19 pandemic as an opportunity for change.","PeriodicalId":38079,"journal":{"name":"Synergy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41670655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-25DOI: 10.24818//syn/2023/19/1.07
P. Shirodkar
The impact of Bollywood (the Indian Hindi film industry) on the national psyche as well as its international popularity cannot be overrated. So is the music that is an integral part of it. It outlives the movie and then becomes a part of the everyday life of people, being played in public places, at religious festivals, in personal and professional functions and interestingly being even adapted to other forms of expression (like bhajans/devotional music). At a more dangerous level, it surreptitiously births, embeds and reinforces stereotypes becoming the palimpsest that serves to define standards expected and exacted from women. This not only thus shapes the approach towards women but also significantly impacts women’s approach towards themselves. By referring to some of the popular and oft recalled Bollywood Hindi songs across the decades, this researcher would like to unearth the palimpsest and decode how it results in the ‘cast’ing convention and becomes the kaleidoscope through which Indian womanhood is viewed.
{"title":"THE ‘CAST’ING CONVENTION: IMPACT OF INDIAN FILM MUSIC ON REINFORCING GENDER STEREOTYPES","authors":"P. Shirodkar","doi":"10.24818//syn/2023/19/1.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24818//syn/2023/19/1.07","url":null,"abstract":"The impact of Bollywood (the Indian Hindi film industry) on the national psyche as well as its international popularity cannot be overrated. So is the music that is an integral part of it. It outlives the movie and then becomes a part of the everyday life of people, being played in public places, at religious festivals, in personal and professional functions and interestingly being even adapted to other forms of expression (like bhajans/devotional music). At a more dangerous level, it surreptitiously births, embeds and reinforces stereotypes becoming the palimpsest that serves to define standards expected and exacted from women. This not only thus shapes the approach towards women but also significantly impacts women’s approach towards themselves. By referring to some of the popular and oft recalled Bollywood Hindi songs across the decades, this researcher would like to unearth the palimpsest and decode how it results in the ‘cast’ing convention and becomes the kaleidoscope through which Indian womanhood is viewed.","PeriodicalId":38079,"journal":{"name":"Synergy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42432973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-25DOI: 10.24818//syn/2023/19/1.05
Raluca Boboc
Part of a larger project interrogating the strategies of different 20th century Scandinavian writers of reaching themselves by exploring anthropologic and geographic alterity during their travels, my article looks into the way that Göran Tunström’s Indian explorations, evoked in his travelogue “India – a winter journey”2, function as a catalyst of his personal destiny, reverberating in a singular form of artistic assumption. His inspiring explorations, at the same time geographical and interior, can even invite a phenomenological approach to alterity awareness, in which the portrait of the women from Alapsur plays an interesting role in reversing the functions of exotism and otherness.
{"title":"THE WOMEN FROM ALAPSUR IN GÖRAN TUNSTRÖM’S TRAVEL MEMOIR: THE DYNAMICS OF A REVERSED ALTERITY TECHNIQUE","authors":"Raluca Boboc","doi":"10.24818//syn/2023/19/1.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24818//syn/2023/19/1.05","url":null,"abstract":"Part of a larger project interrogating the strategies of different 20th century Scandinavian writers of reaching themselves by exploring anthropologic and geographic alterity during their travels, my article looks into the way that Göran Tunström’s Indian explorations, evoked in his travelogue “India – a winter journey”2, function as a catalyst of his personal destiny, reverberating in a singular form of artistic assumption. His inspiring explorations, at the same time geographical and interior, can even invite a phenomenological approach to alterity awareness, in which the portrait of the women from Alapsur plays an interesting role in reversing the functions of exotism and otherness.","PeriodicalId":38079,"journal":{"name":"Synergy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46914382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-25DOI: 10.24818/syn/2023/19/1.02
V. Patel
It is essential to critically reflect on cross cultural studies from feminist perspectives and understand the dimensions of universal standards of gender equality in different cultural contexts and interpretations. In the Indian context, women’s rights movement, women’s studies and gender studies have provided such space for reflections on cross-cultural perspectives. Women’s Studies as a discipline aims to theorise for the oppressed and direct its knowledge construction efforts for a gender transformative agenda. This article aims to provide a survey of the history of this discipline in India, and to critically present its main challenges, while underlining its most evident achievements.
{"title":"JOURNEY OF WOMEN’S STUDIES IN INDIA (1974-2023)","authors":"V. Patel","doi":"10.24818/syn/2023/19/1.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24818/syn/2023/19/1.02","url":null,"abstract":"It is essential to critically reflect on cross cultural studies from feminist perspectives and understand the dimensions of universal standards of gender equality in different cultural contexts and interpretations. In the Indian context, women’s rights movement, women’s studies and gender studies have provided such space for reflections on cross-cultural perspectives. Women’s Studies as a discipline aims to theorise for the oppressed and direct its knowledge construction efforts for a gender transformative agenda. This article aims to provide a survey of the history of this discipline in India, and to critically present its main challenges, while underlining its most evident achievements.","PeriodicalId":38079,"journal":{"name":"Synergy","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41441100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-25DOI: 10.24818//syn/2023/19/1.09
M. Nicolae
This is a small exploratory attempt at discovering perceptions of Indian women through Romanian eyes. This will be done through the medium of Indian literature written in English and through the personal experience of the author. We all have our collections of cultural stereotypes through which we look at the world: our own as well as others’. One of the starting points in this cultural journey is the sheer difference in size between the two spaces and the incredible variety of people who inhabit India. Our classical lenses or, at the other end, our Bollywood goggles, distort our perceptions of the realities of present-day Indian women. The author will compare her constructed images of modern Indian women as they appear mainly in Anuradha Roy’s The Folded Earth, with her own experience of real women that she had actually met either in Romania or in India. In today’s complex world, in what is called more often and with more valid arguments the Asian century, it is relevant and worthwhile to have such an exercise of cultural and gender exploration in order to better understand ourselves.
{"title":"DISCOVERING INDIAN WOMEN – A CULTURAL JOURNEY","authors":"M. Nicolae","doi":"10.24818//syn/2023/19/1.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24818//syn/2023/19/1.09","url":null,"abstract":"This is a small exploratory attempt at discovering perceptions of Indian women through Romanian eyes. This will be done through the medium of Indian literature written in English and through the personal experience of the author. We all have our collections of cultural stereotypes through which we look at the world: our own as well as others’. One of the starting points in this cultural journey is the sheer difference in size between the two spaces and the incredible variety of people who inhabit India. Our classical lenses or, at the other end, our Bollywood goggles, distort our perceptions of the realities of present-day Indian women. The author will compare her constructed images of modern Indian women as they appear mainly in Anuradha Roy’s The Folded Earth, with her own experience of real women that she had actually met either in Romania or in India. In today’s complex world, in what is called more often and with more valid arguments the Asian century, it is relevant and worthwhile to have such an exercise of cultural and gender exploration in order to better understand ourselves.","PeriodicalId":38079,"journal":{"name":"Synergy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45860876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-25DOI: 10.24818//syn/2023/19/1.04
C. David
The Indian traditions offer a very specific place in the society to women, and the religious practices give them certain responsibilities. Religion and common life are practically inseparable and the role models offered by the Hindu pantheon and sacred texts are to be reflected in the day to day activity. Shakti is the wife of Lord Sadashiva and the Mother of the Universe, while Lakshmi is the wife of Lord Vishnu, whose main characteristic is to bring prosperity. This article is approaching the role women play from the position of the Hindu tradition, overviewing Puranic and epic texts.
{"title":"SHAKTI AND LAKSHMI PRINCIPLES. EMPOWERING WOMEN IN INDIAN TRADITION","authors":"C. David","doi":"10.24818//syn/2023/19/1.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24818//syn/2023/19/1.04","url":null,"abstract":"The Indian traditions offer a very specific place in the society to women, and the religious practices give them certain responsibilities. Religion and common life are practically inseparable and the role models offered by the Hindu pantheon and sacred texts are to be reflected in the day to day activity. Shakti is the wife of Lord Sadashiva and the Mother of the Universe, while Lakshmi is the wife of Lord Vishnu, whose main characteristic is to bring prosperity. This article is approaching the role women play from the position of the Hindu tradition, overviewing Puranic and epic texts.","PeriodicalId":38079,"journal":{"name":"Synergy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45091273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-25DOI: 10.24818//syn/2023/19/1.10
Carmen MUŞAT-COMAN
This article aims to bring to light a brief history of the study of the Bengali language in Romania, useful to those who focus on the presence of Indian languages in our country. At the same time, it presents the works translated from Bengali, mainly from Rabindranath Tagore, and the work of the teacher, translator, writer, exegete of Eminescu’s work, Amita Bhose.
{"title":"THE BENGALI LANGUAGE, FROM INDIA TO ROMANIA","authors":"Carmen MUŞAT-COMAN","doi":"10.24818//syn/2023/19/1.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24818//syn/2023/19/1.10","url":null,"abstract":"This article aims to bring to light a brief history of the study of the Bengali language in Romania, useful to those who focus on the presence of Indian languages in our country. At the same time, it presents the works translated from Bengali, mainly from Rabindranath Tagore, and the work of the teacher, translator, writer, exegete of Eminescu’s work, Amita Bhose.","PeriodicalId":38079,"journal":{"name":"Synergy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41495714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-25DOI: 10.24818//syn/2023/19/1.06
Sridhar Rajeswaran
This article focuses only on Deepa Mehta’s importance as a film-maker of Indian diaspora now indwelling in Canada. This paper shall interlock with the films made between 1996 and 2008, i.e., Fire (1996), Earth (1998), Bollywood/Hollywood (2002), Water (2005), Heaven on Earth (2008). Needless to reiterate, that these five films, too, like the others in her oeuvre, have brought her many awards. Though it is imperative to look at the entire oeuvre of an artist, this selection is hoped to prove adequate for the defining purposes of this work, and would ‘throw’ glimpses that could enable others to construct the missing elements.
{"title":"SCORCHED BY FIRE, DROWNED BY WATER, NO HEAVEN ON A CRACKED EARTH: ‘A LOOK’ AT DEEPA MEHTA’S WOMEN","authors":"Sridhar Rajeswaran","doi":"10.24818//syn/2023/19/1.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24818//syn/2023/19/1.06","url":null,"abstract":"This article focuses only on Deepa Mehta’s importance as a film-maker of Indian diaspora now indwelling in Canada. This paper shall interlock with the films made between 1996 and 2008, i.e., Fire (1996), Earth (1998), Bollywood/Hollywood (2002), Water (2005), Heaven on Earth (2008). Needless to reiterate, that these five films, too, like the others in her oeuvre, have brought her many awards. Though it is imperative to look at the entire oeuvre of an artist, this selection is hoped to prove adequate for the defining purposes of this work, and would ‘throw’ glimpses that could enable others to construct the missing elements.","PeriodicalId":38079,"journal":{"name":"Synergy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48066068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-07DOI: 10.24818/syn/2022/18/2.03
Ileana Chersan
The surge of developing Sectoral Qualifications Frameworks and their use in vocational training for the past few years can be illustrated by a Frontex2 initiative in the extensive area of border and coast guarding. The EU authorities have tried to promote and model a harmonised approach to course design and training based on the European Qualifications Framework and Bologna and Copenhagen processes, matching the developments in general education across Europe. The aim of this paper is to examine the particular case of Sectoral Qualifications Framework for Border and Coast Guarding, focusing on vocational specificities, recent developments and practical applications at the level of course design. The corpus of the analysis consists of a specific training program in course design developed by Frontex in the past 5 years. The content analysis focuses on two main tiers: recent developments in SQF course design and applications of SQF in border and coast guarding course design. Each of these levels has structural and functional features with direct and critical implications onto national law enforcement curricula and training programs design, such as consistent revision of job competences, recognition of non-formal and informal learning and national accreditation and validation processes of qualifications and border police training programmes.
{"title":"DEVELOPMENTS AND APPLICATIONS OF SECTORAL\u0000QUALIFICATIONS FRAMEWORKS\u0000IN BORDER AND COAST GUARDING COURSE DESIGN","authors":"Ileana Chersan","doi":"10.24818/syn/2022/18/2.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24818/syn/2022/18/2.03","url":null,"abstract":"The surge of developing Sectoral Qualifications Frameworks and their use in vocational\u0000training for the past few years can be illustrated by a Frontex2 initiative in the extensive area\u0000of border and coast guarding. The EU authorities have tried to promote and model a\u0000harmonised approach to course design and training based on the European Qualifications\u0000Framework and Bologna and Copenhagen processes, matching the developments in general\u0000education across Europe. The aim of this paper is to examine the particular case of Sectoral\u0000Qualifications Framework for Border and Coast Guarding, focusing on vocational\u0000specificities, recent developments and practical applications at the level of course design.\u0000The corpus of the analysis consists of a specific training program in course design developed\u0000by Frontex in the past 5 years. The content analysis focuses on two main tiers: recent\u0000developments in SQF course design and applications of SQF in border and coast guarding\u0000course design. Each of these levels has structural and functional features with direct and\u0000critical implications onto national law enforcement curricula and training programs design,\u0000such as consistent revision of job competences, recognition of non-formal and informal\u0000learning and national accreditation and validation processes of qualifications and border\u0000police training programmes.","PeriodicalId":38079,"journal":{"name":"Synergy","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41316918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-07DOI: 10.24818/syn/2022/18/2.07
V. Robu
This article analyses aspects of character design in Saul Bellow’s novel Henderson the Rain King. It focuses on the association of space and specific moments in time and highlights the use of landscape structures in important moments of the book, aiming to explore the evolution of the central character. The overall discussion of the relationship between character development and landscape patterns uses Bakhtin’s idea of chronotope and identifies several significant moments in the economy of the book that are relevant to the construction of the main character. On the whole, this article was inspired by Saul Bellow’s recurrent and energetic attempts to rescue, throughout his writing activity, that part of the traditional novel which is centered around a problematic hero.
{"title":"CHARACTER DESIGN IN RELATION TO LANDSCAPE AND TIME\u0000DIMENSIONS IN\u0000HENDERSON THE RAIN KING BY SAUL BELLOW","authors":"V. Robu","doi":"10.24818/syn/2022/18/2.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24818/syn/2022/18/2.07","url":null,"abstract":"This article analyses aspects of character design in Saul Bellow’s novel Henderson the Rain\u0000King. It focuses on the association of space and specific moments in time and highlights the\u0000use of landscape structures in important moments of the book, aiming to explore the evolution\u0000of the central character. The overall discussion of the relationship between character\u0000development and landscape patterns uses Bakhtin’s idea of chronotope and identifies several\u0000significant moments in the economy of the book that are relevant to the construction of the\u0000main character. On the whole, this article was inspired by Saul Bellow’s recurrent and\u0000energetic attempts to rescue, throughout his writing activity, that part of the traditional novel\u0000which is centered around a problematic hero.","PeriodicalId":38079,"journal":{"name":"Synergy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45713710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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