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Association of early life stress and cognitive performance in patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls 精神分裂症患者和健康对照者早期生活压力与认知表现的关系
IF 2.8 Q2 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.scog.2023.100280
Fanny Senner , Thomas Schneider-Axmann , Lalit Kaurani , Jörg Zimmermann , Jens Wiltfang , Martin von Hagen , Thomas Vogl , Carsten Spitzer , Simon Senner , Eva C. Schulte , Max Schmauß , Sabrina K. Schaupp , Jens Reimer , Daniela Reich-Erkelenz , Sergi Papiol , Mojtaba Oraki Kohshour , Fabian U. Lang , Carsten Konrad , Sophie-Kathrin Kirchner , Janos L. Kalman , Thomas G. Schulze

As core symptoms of schizophrenia, cognitive deficits contribute substantially to poor outcomes. Early life stress (ELS) can negatively affect cognition in patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls, but the exact nature of the mediating factors is unclear. Therefore, we investigated how ELS, education, and symptom burden are related to cognitive performance.

The sample comprised 215 patients with schizophrenia (age, 42.9 ± 12.0 years; 66.0 % male) and 197 healthy controls (age, 38.5 ± 16.4 years; 39.3 % male) from the PsyCourse Study. ELS was assessed with the Childhood Trauma Screener (CTS). We used analyses of covariance and correlation analyses to investigate the association of total ELS load and ELS subtypes with cognitive performance.

ELS was reported by 52.1 % of patients and 24.9 % of controls. Independent of ELS, cognitive performance on neuropsychological tests was lower in patients than controls (p < 0.001). ELS load was more closely associated with neurocognitive deficits (cognitive composite score) in controls (r = −0.305, p < 0.001) than in patients (r = −0.163, p = 0.033). Moreover, the higher the ELS load, the more cognitive deficits were found in controls (r = −0.200, p = 0.006), while in patients, this correlation was not significant after adjusting for PANSS.

ELS load was more strongly associated with cognitive deficits in healthy controls than in patients. In patients, disease-related positive and negative symptoms may mask the effects of ELS-related cognitive deficits. ELS subtypes were associated with impairments in various cognitive domains. Cognitive deficits appear to be mediated through higher symptom burden and lower educational level.

作为精神分裂症的核心症状,认知缺陷在很大程度上导致了不良结果。早期生活压力(ELS)会对精神分裂症患者和健康对照者的认知产生负面影响,但中介因素的确切性质尚不清楚。因此,我们调查了ELS、教育和症状负担与认知表现的关系。该样本包括215名精神分裂症患者(年龄42.9±12.0岁;66.0%男性)和197名来自心理课程研究的健康对照(年龄38.5±16.4岁;39.3%男性)。ELS采用儿童创伤筛查仪(CTS)进行评估。我们使用协方差分析和相关分析来研究总ELS负荷和ELS亚型与认知表现的关系。52.1%的患者和24.9%的对照组报告了ELS。独立于ELS,患者在神经心理测试中的认知表现低于对照组(p<0.001)。与患者(r=−0.163,p=0.033)相比,对照组的ELS负荷与神经认知缺陷(认知综合评分)的关系更为密切(r=-0.305,p>0.001)。此外,ELS负荷越高,对照组发现更多的认知缺陷(r=-0.200,p=0.006),而在患者中,在调整PANSS后,这种相关性并不显著。健康对照组的LS负荷与认知缺陷的相关性比患者更强。在患者中,与疾病相关的阳性和阴性症状可能掩盖ELS相关认知缺陷的影响。ELS亚型与不同认知领域的损伤相关。认知缺陷似乎是由较高的症状负担和较低的教育水平介导的。
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引用次数: 0
Linguistic anomalies in the language of patients with schizophrenia 精神分裂症患者语言中的语言异常
IF 2.8 Q2 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.scog.2022.100273
Young Tak Jo , So Yeon Park , Jaiyoung Park , Jungsun Lee , Yeon Ho Joo

In terms of thought disorder, the language of patients with schizophrenia itself could be a valuable resource. Some valuable studies on the language of patients with schizophrenia have been performed. However, most such studies have been confined to English-speaking countries, or at least those where Indo-European languages are spoken. Therefore, we investigated linguistic anomalies in the language of Korean patients with schizophrenia. Short texts written by 69 patients with schizophrenia from a single mental hospital and matched normal control participants were analyzed. We evaluated these texts in terms of semantic and syntactic errors. Then, we compared the error rates adjusted for text length between patients and normal control participants. We also divided the patients with schizophrenia into two groups by their duration of illness and compared these two groups to investigate the relationship between the duration of illness and linguistic anomalies. The patients with schizophrenia committed a total of 1.86 (2.52) semantic errors and 1.37 (1.79) syntactic errors per 100 characters, which were significantly more frequent than errors committed by normal control participants. Furthermore, there was a notably high number of semantic errors relative to syntactic errors in the language of patients with schizophrenia. Our study results are consistent with previous studies from English-speaking countries, implying that the linguistic anomalies of patients with schizophrenia are not confined to a single language. Because language is essential in mental function, further research on linguistic anomalies in patients with schizophrenia is recommended.

就思维障碍而言,精神分裂症患者的语言本身可能是一种宝贵的资源。对精神分裂症患者的语言进行了一些有价值的研究。然而,大多数此类研究仅限于英语国家,或者至少是使用印欧语言的国家。因此,我们调查了韩国精神分裂症患者语言中的语言异常。对来自一家精神病院的69名精神分裂症患者和匹配的正常对照组参与者撰写的短文进行了分析。我们从语义和句法错误的角度对这些文本进行了评估。然后,我们比较了患者和正常对照参与者之间根据文本长度调整的错误率。我们还将精神分裂症患者按患病时间分为两组,并对这两组进行比较,以研究患病时间与语言异常之间的关系。精神分裂症患者每100个字符共犯1.86(2.52)个语义错误和1.37(1.79)个句法错误,这明显高于正常对照组参与者犯下的错误。此外,在精神分裂症患者的语言中,相对于句法错误,语义错误的数量明显较高。我们的研究结果与英语国家先前的研究一致,这意味着精神分裂症患者的语言异常并不局限于单一语言。由于语言对精神功能至关重要,建议对精神分裂症患者的语言异常进行进一步研究。
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引用次数: 1
Development and validation of a fidelity instrument for Cognitive Adaptation Training 认知适应训练保真度仪的研制与验证
IF 2.8 Q2 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.scog.2022.100272
Michelle van Dam , Jaap van Weeghel , Stynke Castelein , Annemarie Stiekema , Piotr Quee , Sean Kidd , Kelly Allott , Natalie Maples , Dawn Velligan , Marieke Pijnenborg , Lisette van der Meer

Purpose

Cognitive Adaptation Training (CAT) is a psychosocial intervention with demonstrated effectiveness. However, no validated fidelity instrument is available. In this study, a CAT Fidelity Scale was developed and its psychometric properties, including interrater reliability and internal consistency, were evaluated.

Methods

The fidelity scale was developed in a multidisciplinary collaboration between international research groups using the Delphi method. Four Delphi rounds were organized to reach consensus for the items included in the scale. To examine the psychometric properties of the scale, data from a large cluster randomized controlled trial evaluating the implementation of CAT in clinical practice was used. Fidelity assessors conducted 73 fidelity reviews at four mental health institutions in the Netherlands.

Results

After three Delphi rounds, consensus was reached on a 44-item CAT Fidelity Scale. After administration of the scale, 24 items were removed in round four resulting in a 20-item fidelity scale. Psychometric properties of the 20-item CAT Fidelity Scale shows a fair interrater reliability and an excellent internal consistency.

Conclusions

The CAT fidelity scale in its current form is useful for both research purposes as well as for individual health professionals to monitor their own adherence to the protocol. Future research needs to focus on improvement of items and formulating qualitative anchor point to the items to increase generalizability and psychometric properties of the scale. The described suggestions for improvement provide a good starting point for further development.

目的认知适应训练(CAT)是一种行之有效的心理社会干预措施。然而,没有经过验证的保真度仪器可用。在本研究中,开发了CAT保真度量表,并对其心理测量特性进行了评估,包括测试者间的可靠性和内部一致性。方法保真度量表是在国际研究小组之间的多学科合作中使用德尔菲方法开发的。为就比额表所列项目达成协商一致,组织了四轮德尔菲回合。为了检验量表的心理测量特性,使用了一项评估CAT在临床实践中实施情况的大型集群随机对照试验的数据。忠诚度评估员在荷兰的四家心理健康机构进行了73次忠诚度评估。结果经过三轮德尔菲调查,对44项CAT忠诚度量表达成了共识。在施用量表后,在第四轮中去除24个项目,得到20个项目的保真度量表。20项CAT保真度量表的心理测量特性显示出良好的跨测试者可靠性和良好的内部一致性。结论目前形式的CAT保真度量表既有助于研究目的,也有助于卫生专业人员监测自己对协议的遵守情况。未来的研究需要关注项目的改进,并制定项目的定性锚点,以提高量表的可推广性和心理测量特性。所描述的改进建议为进一步发展提供了一个良好的起点。
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引用次数: 1
Captured by associations: Semantic distractibility during analogical reasoning in schizophrenia 关联捕获:精神分裂症类比推理过程中的语义干扰
IF 2.8 Q2 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.scog.2022.100274
Hanna Kucwaj , Michał Ociepka , Zdzisław Gajewski , Adam Chuderski

Impaired cognitive control, for instance increased distractibility in simple conflict tasks such as Stroop, is considered one of fundamental cognitive deficits in schizophrenia patients. Relatively less is known about patients proneness to distraction in more complex, longer-lasting cognitive tasks. We applied the four-term analogies with and without distraction to 51 schizophrenia patients in order to examine whether they display increased distractibility during analogical reasoning, and to test which kind of distractors (semantic, categorical, or perceptual) elicits their strongest distraction, as compared to 51 matched controls. We found that (a) both groups reasoned by analogy comparably well when distraction was absent; (b) in both groups distraction significantly decreased performance; (c) schizophrenia patients were significantly more distracted than the controls; (d) in both groups the semantic distractors were selected more frequently than the categorical distractors, while the perceptual distractors were virtually ignored; as well as (e) in both groups distractibility in the four-term analogies was unrelated with distractibility in the simple perceptual conflict task, suggesting that these two distraction types tap into different cognitive mechanisms. Importantly, a significantly stronger distractibility in the schizophrenia group could not be explained by their lower intelligence, because the two groups were matched on the fluid reasoning test. We conclude that during complex cognitive processing schizophrenia patients become captured by irrelevant semantic associations. The patients are also less willing to critically evaluate their responses.

认知控制受损,例如在简单的冲突任务(如Stroop)中分心增加,被认为是精神分裂症患者的基本认知缺陷之一。相对而言,人们对患者在更复杂、更持久的认知任务中容易分心的情况知之甚少。我们对51名精神分裂症患者应用了有和无分心的四项类比,以检查他们在类比推理过程中是否表现出更强的分心性,并测试与51名匹配的对照组相比,哪种分心因素(语义、分类或感知)会引起他们最强的分心。我们发现(a)当注意力不集中时,两组人通过类比推理的效果相当好;(b) 在两组中,分心显著降低了表现;(c) 精神分裂症患者的注意力明显高于对照组;(d) 在这两组中,语义干扰物的选择频率高于分类干扰物,而感知干扰物几乎被忽略;以及(e)在两组中,四项类比中的分心与简单感知冲突任务中的分心无关,这表明这两种分心类型利用了不同的认知机制。重要的是,精神分裂症组明显更强的分心能力不能用他们较低的智力来解释,因为这两组在流体推理测试中是匹配的。我们的结论是,在复杂的认知过程中,精神分裂症患者会被不相关的语义关联所捕获。患者也不太愿意批判性地评估他们的反应。
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引用次数: 0
Moderators of metacognitive strategy training for executive functioning in early schizophrenia and psychosis risk 元认知策略训练对早期精神分裂症和精神病风险患者执行功能的调节作用
IF 2.8 Q2 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.scog.2022.100275
Ingvild Haugen , Torill Ueland , Jan Stubberud , Cathrine Brunborg , Til Wykes , Merete Glenne Øie , Elisabeth Haug

Goal Management Training (GMT) improved self-reported executive functioning in a recent randomized, controlled trial in early intervention for psychosis participants. Little is known about the mechanism for this benefit, so this study investigates objectively measured executive function, the difference between subjective and objective executive function, independent living and employment status as potential moderators of efficacy of GMT.

Baseline scores from 81 participants (GMT n = 39 vs Treatment-as-usual; TAU n = 42) were analyzed in a linear mixed model analysis for repeated measures as predictors of improvement on the self-reported Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function–Adult version (BRIEF-A) immediately and 30 weeks after GMT. Potential moderators were scores from objective measures of executive functioning, discrepancy between subjective and objective measures, independent living and employment status. Discrepancy was assessed by comparing four clusters of participants with differing patterns of scores.

The effect of GMT remained significant regardless of initial objective executive functioning at baseline. Those with higher subjective complaints at baseline in two clusters with (i) both objective and subjective executive dysfunction, and (ii) mostly subjective executive dysfunction experienced greater change after treatment. Living arrangements or participation in education or work did not significantly moderate the effects of GMT.

Poor performance on neuropsychological tasks is not an obstacle to making use of GMT, but further knowledge is needed about the benefits of strategy training for individuals with a combination of poor performance with few subjective complaints.

在最近一项针对精神病参与者的早期干预随机对照试验中,目标管理训练(GMT)改善了自我报告的执行功能。人们对这种利益的机制知之甚少,因此本研究调查了客观衡量的执行功能、主观执行功能和客观执行功能之间的差异,独立生活和就业状况是GMT疗效的潜在调节因素。在线性混合模型分析中分析了81名参与者的基线得分(GMT n=39 vs照常治疗;TAU n=42),重复测量作为自我报告的执行功能行为评定量表(成人版)立即和30周后改善的预测因素GMT。潜在的调节因素是执行功能的客观测量、主观和客观测量之间的差异、独立生活和就业状况的得分。通过比较四组具有不同得分模式的参与者来评估差异。无论基线时的初始目标执行功能如何,GMT的效果仍然显著。在两组患者中,基线时主观主诉较高的患者(i)同时存在客观和主观执行功能障碍,以及(ii)大多存在主观执行功能障碍。生活安排或参与教育或工作并没有显著减轻GMT的影响。神经心理任务表现不佳并不是使用GMT的障碍,但需要进一步了解策略训练对表现不佳且几乎没有主观抱怨的个人的好处。
{"title":"Moderators of metacognitive strategy training for executive functioning in early schizophrenia and psychosis risk","authors":"Ingvild Haugen ,&nbsp;Torill Ueland ,&nbsp;Jan Stubberud ,&nbsp;Cathrine Brunborg ,&nbsp;Til Wykes ,&nbsp;Merete Glenne Øie ,&nbsp;Elisabeth Haug","doi":"10.1016/j.scog.2022.100275","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scog.2022.100275","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Goal Management Training (GMT) improved self-reported executive functioning in a recent randomized, controlled trial in early intervention for psychosis participants. Little is known about the mechanism for this benefit, so this study investigates objectively measured executive function, the difference between subjective and objective executive function, independent living and employment status as potential moderators of efficacy of GMT.</p><p>Baseline scores from 81 participants (GMT n = 39 vs Treatment-as-usual; TAU n = 42) were analyzed in a linear mixed model analysis for repeated measures as predictors of improvement on the self-reported Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function–Adult version (BRIEF-A) immediately and 30 weeks after GMT. Potential moderators were scores from objective measures of executive functioning, discrepancy between subjective and objective measures, independent living and employment status. Discrepancy was assessed by comparing four clusters of participants with differing patterns of scores.</p><p>The effect of GMT remained significant regardless of initial objective executive functioning at baseline. Those with higher subjective complaints at baseline in two clusters with (<em>i</em>) <em>both objective and subjective executive dysfunction</em>, and (<em>ii</em>) <em>mostly subjective executive dysfunction</em> experienced greater change after treatment. Living arrangements or participation in education or work did not significantly moderate the effects of GMT.</p><p>Poor performance on neuropsychological tasks is not an obstacle to making use of GMT, but further knowledge is needed about the benefits of strategy training for individuals with a combination of poor performance with few subjective complaints.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":38119,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Research-Cognition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/78/e4/main.PMC9713365.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35255243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Preface to virtual special issue: The evolution of cognitive impairment in schizophrenia 虚拟特刊前言:精神分裂症患者认知障碍的演变
IF 2.8 Q2 Medicine Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.scog.2022.100261
Philip D. Harvey , Eva Velthorst , Anne-Kathrin J. Fett
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引用次数: 0
Cognitive and perceptual impairments in schizophrenia extend to other psychotic disorders but not schizotypy 精神分裂症的认知和知觉障碍延伸到其他精神障碍,但不是精神分裂型
IF 2.8 Q2 Medicine Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.scog.2022.100266
Natalie Frattaroli , Mia Geljic , Dominika Runkowska , Hayley Darke , Caitlin Reddyhough , Taylor Mills , Matthew Mitchell , Rachel Hill , Olivia Carter , Suresh Sundram

Well characterised cognitive and perceptual impairments in schizophrenia may not be diagnostically specific with some studies suggesting no significant differences between psychotic disorders. This transdiagnostic ambiguity is paralleled in the boundary distinctions between psychotic disorders and the sub-threshold symptomatology of schizotypy. The current study used the CNTRACS test battery to explore if performance deficits in visual integration, relational memory and goal maintenance were specific to schizophrenia or extend to other psychotic disorders; and if task performance varied between individuals with schizophrenia and schizotypy in healthy adults. The sample consisted of healthy controls, and patients who met DSM-IV criteria for schizophrenia, other psychotic disorders and non-psychotic disorders who were tested in person; and an online sample of self-assessed healthy adults. No significant differences were found in performance between patients with schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders in contrast to non-psychotic disorders and healthy controls. The high schizotypy group performed better on the tasks compared to the other psychoses and schizophrenia groups. There were no differences in the healthy control group between individuals with high versus low schizotypy or between in-person and online task performance. These findings support the notion that cognitive and perceptual impairments in schizophrenia extend to other psychotic disorders but are discontinuous with schizotypy. This study provides insights into similarities between schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders with regards to the potential neural substrates underpinning these functions and supports the use of online tools for assessing domains of cognition and perception.

精神分裂症中认知和知觉障碍的特征可能不是诊断特异性的,一些研究表明精神障碍之间没有显著差异。这种跨诊断的模糊性在精神障碍和分裂型的亚阈症状学之间的界限区分中是平行的。目前的研究使用CNTRACS测试组来探索视觉整合、关系记忆和目标维持的表现缺陷是精神分裂症特有的还是延伸到其他精神障碍;以及精神分裂症患者和健康成年人的任务表现是否存在差异。样本包括健康对照和符合DSM-IV精神分裂症、其他精神障碍和非精神障碍标准的患者,这些患者亲自接受了测试;以及一份自我评估的健康成年人的在线样本。精神分裂症和其他精神障碍患者的表现与非精神障碍患者和健康对照组相比没有显著差异。与其他精神病患者和精神分裂症患者相比,重度精神分裂症患者在任务中的表现更好。在健康对照组中,高分裂型和低分裂型个体之间,以及面对面和在线任务表现之间没有差异。这些发现支持了这样一种观点,即精神分裂症的认知和知觉障碍延伸到其他精神障碍,但在精神分裂型中是不连续的。这项研究提供了精神分裂症和其他精神疾病之间的相似性,以及潜在的神经基质支持这些功能,并支持使用在线工具来评估认知和感知领域。
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引用次数: 1
Toxoplasma gondii seropositivity and cognitive function in adults with schizophrenia 成人精神分裂症患者刚地弓形虫血清阳性与认知功能
IF 2.8 Q2 Medicine Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.scog.2022.100269
Ivanka Veleva , Kaloyan Stoychev , Maya Stoimenova-Popova , Lyudmil Stoyanov , Eleonora Mineva-Dimitrova , Ivelin Angelov

Introduction and methods

Based on the limited research focusing on the severity of cognitive deterioration in schizophrenia with preceding toxoplasmosis, we sampled 89 demographically matched paranoid schizophrenia patients (mean age 38.97 years) with (n = 42) and without (n = 47) seroprevalence of IgG type anti T. gondii antibodies as marker of past infection. They underwent examination of verbal memory (10 words Luria test), logical memory and visual memory (BVRT), processing speed (TMT-A/DSST) and executive functions (TMT-B/verbal fluency). We compared the results of both groups, taking into account the normative values for the Bulgarian population where available. We also compared the two groups in terms of clinical severity as evidenced by positive, negative and disorganization sub-scores of the PANSS.

Results

While both groups were expectedly under the population norms for verbal and logical memory, seropositive patients showed significantly bigger impairment in verbal memory (Luria Smax = 72.85 vs 78.51; p = 0.029), psychomotor speed (TMT-A 50.98 s vs 44.64 s; p = 0.017), semantic verbal fluency (27.12 vs 30.02; p = 0.011) and literal verbal fluency (17.17 vs 18.78; p = 0.014) compared to the seronegative ones. In addition to that, they gave less correct answers on the BVRT (2.98 vs 4.09; p = 0.006) while making markedly more errors (13.95 vs 10.21; p = 0.002). Despite not reaching statistical significance, past toxoplasmosis was associated with higher score on the PANSS disorganization sub-scale (16.50 points vs 14.72 points) and with lower educational attainment.

Conclusion

Our results suggest a more profound neuropathological insult(s) resulting in greater cognitive impairment in schizophrenia cases that are exposed to T. gondii infection.

介绍和方法基于对有弓形虫病病史的精神分裂症患者认知功能恶化严重程度的有限研究,我们抽样了89例人口统计学匹配的偏执型精神分裂症患者(平均年龄38.97岁),其中(n = 42)和(n = 47)血清IgG型抗弓形虫抗体阳性率作为既往感染的标记。对他们进行了言语记忆(10个单词Luria测试)、逻辑记忆和视觉记忆(BVRT)、处理速度(TMT-A/DSST)和执行功能(TMT-B/言语流畅性)的测试。我们比较了两组的结果,考虑到保加利亚人口的规范性值。我们还比较了两组的临床严重程度,以PANSS的阳性、阴性和紊乱分值为证据。结果两组患者的语言和逻辑记忆均符合人群标准,但血清阳性患者的语言记忆损伤明显更大(Luria Smax = 72.85 vs 78.51;p = 0.029),精神运动速度(TMT-A 50.98 s vs 44.64 s;P = 0.017),语义语言流畅性(27.12 vs 30.02;P = 0.011)和字面语言流畅性(17.17 vs 18.78;P = 0.014)。除此之外,他们在BVRT上给出的正确答案也更少(2.98比4.09;P = 0.006),但错误率明显更高(13.95 vs 10.21;p = 0.002)。尽管没有达到统计学意义,但过去弓形虫病与PANSS紊乱子量表得分较高(16.50分对14.72分)和受教育程度较低相关。结论我们的研究结果表明,暴露于弓形虫感染的精神分裂症患者有更严重的神经病理损伤,导致更大的认知障碍。
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引用次数: 5
Subjective cognitive complaints in first episode psychosis: A focused follow-up on sex effect and alcohol usage 首发精神病的主观认知主诉:对性别影响和酒精使用的重点随访
IF 2.8 Q2 Medicine Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.scog.2022.100267
E. Stip , F. Al Mugaddam , J. Nauman , A. Abdel Baki , S. Potvin

A network of early psychosis-specific intervention programs at the University of Montreal in Montreal, Quebec, Canada, conducted a longitudinal naturalistic five-year study at two Urban Early Intervention Services (EIS). In this study, 198 patients were recruited based on inclusion/exclusion criteria and agreed to participate. Our objectives were to assess the subjective cognition complaints of schizophrenic patients assessed by Subjective Scale to Investigate Cognition in Schizophrenia (SSTICS) in their first-episode psychosis (FEP) in relation to their general characteristics. We also wanted to assess whether there are sex-based differences in the subjective cognitive complaints, as well as differences in cognitive complaints among patients who use alcohol in comparison to those who are abstainers. Additionally, we wanted to monitor the changes in the subjective complaints progress for a period of five years follow-up. Our findings showed that although women expressed more cognitive complaints than men [mean (SD) SSTICS, 28.2 (13.7) for women and 24.7 (13.2) for men], this difference was not statistically significant (r = −0.190, 95 % CI, −0. 435 to 0. 097). We also found that abstainers complained more about their cognition than alcohol consumers [mean (SD) SSTICS, 27.9 (13.4) for abstainers and 23.7 (12.9) for consumers], a difference which was statistically significant (r = −0.166, 95 % CI, −0. 307 to −0.014). Our findings showed a drop in the average score of SSTICS through study follow-up time among FEP patients. In conclusion, we suggest that if we want to set up a good cognitive remediation program, it is useful to start with the patients' demands. This demand can follow the patients' complaints. Further investigations are needed in order to propose different approaches between alcohol users and abstinent patients concerning responding to their cognitive complaints.

加拿大魁北克省蒙特利尔市蒙特利尔大学的早期精神病特定干预项目网络,在两家城市早期干预服务机构(EIS)进行了一项为期五年的纵向自然主义研究。在本研究中,根据纳入/排除标准招募了198名患者并同意参与。我们的目的是评估精神分裂症患者在首发精神病(FEP)时的主观认知投诉与他们的一般特征之间的关系,该主观认知投诉由精神分裂症主观认知调查量表(SSTICS)评估。我们还想评估在主观认知抱怨中是否存在基于性别的差异,以及饮酒患者与不饮酒患者在认知抱怨方面的差异。此外,我们希望在5年的随访中监测主观抱怨进展的变化。我们的研究结果显示,尽管女性比男性表达更多的认知抱怨[平均(SD) SSTICS,女性28.2(13.7),男性24.7(13.2)],但这种差异没有统计学意义(r = - 0.190, 95% CI, - 0)。435比0。097)。我们还发现,不饮酒者对认知的抱怨多于饮酒者[平均(SD) SSTICS,不饮酒者27.9(13.4),消费者23.7(12.9)],差异具有统计学意义(r = - 0.166, 95% CI, - 0)。307至- 0.014)。我们的研究结果表明,通过研究随访时间,FEP患者的sssics平均得分有所下降。综上所述,我们建议,如果我们想要建立一个良好的认知修复方案,从患者的需求开始是有用的。这种需求可以跟随患者的投诉。需要进一步的调查,以便在酒精使用者和戒酒患者之间提出不同的方法来应对他们的认知抱怨。
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引用次数: 0
Dispersion of cognitive performance test scores on the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery: A different perspective 认知表现测试分数在矩阵共识认知电池上的分散:一个不同的视角
IF 2.8 Q2 Medicine Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.scog.2022.100270
David J. Williamson , Keith H. Nuechterlein , Todd Tishler , Joseph Ventura , Benjamin M. Ellingson , Ibrahim Turkoz , Richard S.E. Keefe , Larry Alphs

Objective

Persons with schizophrenia exhibit greater neurocognitive test score dispersion. Here, we seek to characterize dispersion on the Neurocognitive Composite subtests of the Measurement of Treatment Research to Improve Cognition in Schizophrena Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB) and determine the relative effects of different antipsychotic formulations on dispersion and mean performance.

Method

In this post hoc analysis of the DREaM study (NCT02431702), which compared treatment with paliperidone palmitate (PP) long-acting injectable with oral antipsychotic (OAP) treatment over 18 months, dispersion in MCCB neurocognitive subtest performance was calculated for each participant by visit (test occasion).

Results

Over 18 months, mean neurocognitive performance improved in a manner consistent with the expected effects of practice in both groups (p < 0.05); this improvement was observed during the first 9 months (PP: p < 0.05, OAP: p < 0.001), followed by stable performance over the second 9 months (PP: p = 0.821, OAP: p = 0.375). Rates of change did not differ between groups (treatment-by-visit interaction: p = 0.548). In contrast, analyses of dispersion focusing on contrasts between baselines and end points of the first and second 9 months revealed different patterns. Over the first 9 months, dispersion in both groups lessened to a similar extent. However, over the second 9 months, dispersion remained stable in the PP group, whereas neurocognitive performance became significantly more variable in the OAP group (p < 0.01).

Conclusion

Dispersion of neurocognitive test scores provides a different index of cognitive change than that provided by composite scores. Long-term maintenance of therapeutic levels provided by PP over time may limit (relative to oral AP) the extent to which cognitive performance becomes more variable.

目的:精神分裂症患者表现出更大的神经认知测试分数分散性。在这里,我们试图在改善精神分裂症共识认知电池(MCCB)认知的治疗研究测量的神经认知复合子测试中表征离散度,并确定不同抗精神病药物配方对离散度和平均表现的相对影响。方法对DREaM研究(NCT02431702)进行事后分析,比较长效注射棕榈酸帕利哌酮(PP)与口服抗精神病药(OAP)治疗超过18个月的时间,通过访问(测试地点)计算每个参与者MCCB神经认知亚测试成绩的离散度。结果18个月后,两组患者的平均神经认知能力均得到改善,与预期的练习效果一致(p <0.05);在前9个月观察到这种改善(PP: p <0.05, OAP: p <0.001),其次是第二个9个月的稳定表现(PP: p = 0.821, OAP: p = 0.375)。两组之间的变化率没有差异(就诊治疗交互作用:p = 0.548)。相比之下,对第一和第二个9个月的基线和终点的差异进行的分散分析显示了不同的模式。在前9个月,两组的分散程度相似。然而,在接下来的9个月里,PP组的离散度保持稳定,而OAP组的神经认知表现变得明显更加多变(p <0.01)。结论神经认知测验分数离散度与复合分数提供的认知变化指标不同。长期维持PP提供的治疗水平可能会限制(相对于口服AP)认知表现变得更可变的程度。
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引用次数: 1
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Schizophrenia Research-Cognition
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