Twelve week feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effect of 10 and 20% replacement of maize with Icacinia manni meal processed in saline on the laying performance, egg quality characteristics, internal organ evaluation, hematological and serum biochemistry of laying hens. Three experimental diets were formulated in which Icacinia manni processed in saline replaced maize at 0% for T1 (control) 10 and 20% for T2 and T3, respectively. One hundred and eighty laying hens (Isa Brown) with 6 weeks of laying life were randomly allotted to three dietary treatments with nine replicates of twenty birds per replicate in a completely randomized design. The laying performance, carcass/organs, hematology and serum biochemistry, egg quality analysis showed no significant differences (p>0.05) at the end of the experiment. The values for hen-day production of birds fed 10% Icacinia manni processed in saline showed numerical increase for hen day egg production and egg weight over the control and 20% groups (T1 and T3 respectively). The study revealed that Icacinia manni processed in saline can replace 20% maize in layers diets without detrimental effect on the performance, egg quality characteristics, internal organs, haematology and serum biochemical indices.
{"title":"Effect of saline processed Icacinia manni (earthball) on performance, egg quality, blood profiles and carcass indices of laying hens","authors":"C. Essien","doi":"10.31248/jasvm2021.264","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31248/jasvm2021.264","url":null,"abstract":"Twelve week feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effect of 10 and 20% replacement of maize with Icacinia manni meal processed in saline on the laying performance, egg quality characteristics, internal organ evaluation, hematological and serum biochemistry of laying hens. Three experimental diets were formulated in which Icacinia manni processed in saline replaced maize at 0% for T1 (control) 10 and 20% for T2 and T3, respectively. One hundred and eighty laying hens (Isa Brown) with 6 weeks of laying life were randomly allotted to three dietary treatments with nine replicates of twenty birds per replicate in a completely randomized design. The laying performance, carcass/organs, hematology and serum biochemistry, egg quality analysis showed no significant differences (p>0.05) at the end of the experiment. The values for hen-day production of birds fed 10% Icacinia manni processed in saline showed numerical increase for hen day egg production and egg weight over the control and 20% groups (T1 and T3 respectively). The study revealed that Icacinia manni processed in saline can replace 20% maize in layers diets without detrimental effect on the performance, egg quality characteristics, internal organs, haematology and serum biochemical indices.","PeriodicalId":383871,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132446241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. F. Taiwo, M. O. Oyebanjo, A. T. Olujimi, E. Ewuola
A seven-week experiment was carried out to determine the effect of bovine testicular fluid on intestinal mucosa development, haematological variables and serum biochemical indices of broiler chickens. A total of 125 unsexed day-old Abor acre chicks were randomly allotted into five treatments, with each treatment having five replicates with five birds per replicate. They were fed a commercial broiler diet for seven weeks of the experiment. Different concentrations of the bovine testicular fluid per liter of drinking water were offered to the experimental birds at free choice, the birds in treatment 1 served as the control and they were offered ordinary drinking water while birds in treatments 2, 3, 4 and 5 were offered 25, 50, 75 and 100 ml of bovine testicular fluid per liter of water, respectively. The feed and water intake of each bird were measured on daily basis, while the average weight of the birds was measured on weekly basis. On day 21 and 49, blood samples were collected from the birds to determine the haematological and serum biochemical indices. Two birds from each replicate were sacrificed on day 49 and sample of ileum were taken for intestinal mucosal examination after processed into permanent slides. The results of the blood indices obtained on days 21 and 49 indicated that the blood parameters were within the normal physiological range for chickens and without evidence of organ damage. The villus height, villus width, crypt depth, crypt height, and mucosa thickness showed that the bovine testicular fluid increased the absorptive capacity of the intestinal mucosa surface area and their growth. It is recommended that bovine testicular fluid at 100 ml/L improved intestinal mucosa development and absorption capacity of broiler chickens and enhanced their growth without deleterious effect on their health status.
{"title":"Intestinal mucosa development and blood profile of broiler chickens administered bovine testicular fluid","authors":"T. F. Taiwo, M. O. Oyebanjo, A. T. Olujimi, E. Ewuola","doi":"10.31248/JASVM2021.267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31248/JASVM2021.267","url":null,"abstract":"A seven-week experiment was carried out to determine the effect of bovine testicular fluid on intestinal mucosa development, haematological variables and serum biochemical indices of broiler chickens. A total of 125 unsexed day-old Abor acre chicks were randomly allotted into five treatments, with each treatment having five replicates with five birds per replicate. They were fed a commercial broiler diet for seven weeks of the experiment. Different concentrations of the bovine testicular fluid per liter of drinking water were offered to the experimental birds at free choice, the birds in treatment 1 served as the control and they were offered ordinary drinking water while birds in treatments 2, 3, 4 and 5 were offered 25, 50, 75 and 100 ml of bovine testicular fluid per liter of water, respectively. The feed and water intake of each bird were measured on daily basis, while the average weight of the birds was measured on weekly basis. On day 21 and 49, blood samples were collected from the birds to determine the haematological and serum biochemical indices. Two birds from each replicate were sacrificed on day 49 and sample of ileum were taken for intestinal mucosal examination after processed into permanent slides. The results of the blood indices obtained on days 21 and 49 indicated that the blood parameters were within the normal physiological range for chickens and without evidence of organ damage. The villus height, villus width, crypt depth, crypt height, and mucosa thickness showed that the bovine testicular fluid increased the absorptive capacity of the intestinal mucosa surface area and their growth. It is recommended that bovine testicular fluid at 100 ml/L improved intestinal mucosa development and absorption capacity of broiler chickens and enhanced their growth without deleterious effect on their health status.","PeriodicalId":383871,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130322956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yidjeu Nana Aristide, N. Edouard, Tchagnhe Fotsing Milwilie, Guiekep Nounamo Arthénice Jemima, V. Bertin, Kenfack Augustave
The soil and agricultural products pollution by nickel represents an important public health risk in agrarian areas such as the Dschang in Cameroon. This study was designed to evaluate the reproductive toxicity and oxidative stress potential of nickel chloride in male guinea pig. Four groups of adult male guinea pigs were orally treated with nickel chloride at doses of 0, 17.50, 26.25 and 52.50 mg/kg bw for 90 days. At the end of the experimental period, all animals were sacrificed, and blood samples and vital organs were collected for different analysis. Treatment of male guinea pigs with 52.50 mg/kg nickel chloride resulted in increased kidney weight and volume and decreased weights of the sex accessory glands (seminal vesicle + prostate + coagulating glands), epididymis and vas deferens. The 52.50 mg/kg dose of nickel chloride decreased (p<0.05) the animal’s sperm mobility, number and viability, while it increased (p<0.05) sperm micro and macrocephalies. Assessment of biochemical parameters of toxicity revealed increase (p<0.05) of serum creatinine and aminotransferases activities in the nickel chloride-exposed guinea pigs (52.50 mg/kg). The nickel chloride (52.50 mg/kg) also promoted oxidative stress, through decrease (p<0.05) of superoxide dismutase and catalase activities, as well as increase (p<0.05) in lipid peroxydation. In addition, histology of testis revealed disrupted germ cell arrangement, decreased concentration of sperms in the lumen of the seminiferous tubules and degraded germinal epithelium in the animals exposed to nickel chloride. In conclusion, results obtained in this study revealed that nickel chloride perturbs male reproductive system and induced oxidative stress.
{"title":"Effect of nickel chloride on reproductive parameters and testicular oxidative stress biomarkers in male guinea pigs","authors":"Yidjeu Nana Aristide, N. Edouard, Tchagnhe Fotsing Milwilie, Guiekep Nounamo Arthénice Jemima, V. Bertin, Kenfack Augustave","doi":"10.31248/jasvm2021.265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31248/jasvm2021.265","url":null,"abstract":"The soil and agricultural products pollution by nickel represents an important public health risk in agrarian areas such as the Dschang in Cameroon. This study was designed to evaluate the reproductive toxicity and oxidative stress potential of nickel chloride in male guinea pig. Four groups of adult male guinea pigs were orally treated with nickel chloride at doses of 0, 17.50, 26.25 and 52.50 mg/kg bw for 90 days. At the end of the experimental period, all animals were sacrificed, and blood samples and vital organs were collected for different analysis. Treatment of male guinea pigs with 52.50 mg/kg nickel chloride resulted in increased kidney weight and volume and decreased weights of the sex accessory glands (seminal vesicle + prostate + coagulating glands), epididymis and vas deferens. The 52.50 mg/kg dose of nickel chloride decreased (p<0.05) the animal’s sperm mobility, number and viability, while it increased (p<0.05) sperm micro and macrocephalies. Assessment of biochemical parameters of toxicity revealed increase (p<0.05) of serum creatinine and aminotransferases activities in the nickel chloride-exposed guinea pigs (52.50 mg/kg). The nickel chloride (52.50 mg/kg) also promoted oxidative stress, through decrease (p<0.05) of superoxide dismutase and catalase activities, as well as increase (p<0.05) in lipid peroxydation. In addition, histology of testis revealed disrupted germ cell arrangement, decreased concentration of sperms in the lumen of the seminiferous tubules and degraded germinal epithelium in the animals exposed to nickel chloride. In conclusion, results obtained in this study revealed that nickel chloride perturbs male reproductive system and induced oxidative stress.","PeriodicalId":383871,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130781160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Adewole, A. A. Bada, T. Omotoriogun, L. Olofintoye
The aim of this study was to investigate methods of treating ruminants’ diseases in Ekiti State. Information about the methods used in treating ruminants’ diseases were collected from a veterinary hospital in Ado-Ekiti. Major diseases that affected the ruminants include diarrhea, mange, Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR), mastitis, dystocia, uterine prolapse and so on. They were treated using modern drugs like; Albendazole (Leeford Health care ltd, India 1 tab), ivomec (A menarini India PVtLtd, India, 0.5 ml), Oxylet (Kachhela medex private limited, India,1 ml), Penstrep (Dutch Farm International BV, Holland, 3 ml), Emvit (Uni-med, India, 2 ml), Oxytcin (FPP manufacturers, India, 1 ml), B complex (Estrellas life sciences private limited, India, 0.5 ml), Salphen (Industrial corporation of India, 1 ml) and so on. Treating the diseases of ruminants can help reduce the rate of diseases outbreak and enhance the economy value of the ruminant farmers and the that of Ekiti state at large
本研究的目的是探讨埃基蒂州反刍动物疾病的治疗方法。从Ado-Ekiti的一家兽医医院收集了有关治疗反刍动物疾病的方法的信息。影响反刍动物的主要疾病有腹泻、坏疽、小反刍兽疫、乳腺炎、难产、子宫脱垂等。他们使用现代药物治疗，比如;阿苯达唑(Leeford Health care ltd，印度1页)、ivomec (A menarini India PVtLtd，印度，0.5 ml)、Oxylet (Kachhela medex private limited，印度，1 ml)、Penstrep (Dutch Farm International BV，荷兰，3 ml)、Emvit (Uni-med，印度，2 ml)、Oxytcin (FPP制造商，印度，1 ml)、B复合物(Estrellas life sciences private limited，印度，0.5 ml)、Salphen(印度工业公司，1 ml)等。治疗反刍动物疾病有助于降低疾病爆发率，并提高反刍动物养殖户和埃基蒂州整体的经济价值
{"title":"Methods of treating ruminants’ diseases in veterinary hospital in Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State","authors":"S. Adewole, A. A. Bada, T. Omotoriogun, L. Olofintoye","doi":"10.31248/jasvm2021.250","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31248/jasvm2021.250","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to investigate methods of treating ruminants’ diseases in Ekiti State. Information about the methods used in treating ruminants’ diseases were collected from a veterinary hospital in Ado-Ekiti. Major diseases that affected the ruminants include diarrhea, mange, Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR), mastitis, dystocia, uterine prolapse and so on. They were treated using modern drugs like; Albendazole (Leeford Health care ltd, India 1 tab), ivomec (A menarini India PVtLtd, India, 0.5 ml), Oxylet (Kachhela medex private limited, India,1 ml), Penstrep (Dutch Farm International BV, Holland, 3 ml), Emvit (Uni-med, India, 2 ml), Oxytcin (FPP manufacturers, India, 1 ml), B complex (Estrellas life sciences private limited, India, 0.5 ml), Salphen (Industrial corporation of India, 1 ml) and so on. Treating the diseases of ruminants can help reduce the rate of diseases outbreak and enhance the economy value of the ruminant farmers and the that of Ekiti state at large","PeriodicalId":383871,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114450360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. Bello, Abdullah Abdulslam Abdullah, O. Adelakun, O. Agbato, B. A. Okunrinkoya
Coconut water contains cytokinins and lauric acid which have potentials to enhance immune response. Poor immune response after vaccination is a common problem in poultry industry. Due to this challenge, this experimental study was carried out to evaluate the effects of coconut water on cell mediated and humoral immunity in cockerel chicks. Seventy five day-old cockerel chicks were randomly divided into three groups (A, B and C) and each group contained 25 birds. Group A (control) received ordinary water for 32 days while birds in group B received 100 ml of coconut water/1 L of water for 32 days. Group C received 100 mL of coconut water/1 L of water till day 19 of age and ordinary water from day 20 to day 32 of age. The birds were vaccinated against Newcastle disease (NDV) on day 20. Blood samples were collected on day 19 and 32 to evaluate the leukogram, antibody titer against NDV, total proteins and cytokines. Intestinal samples were also collected for immunoglobulin A analysis following the euthanasia of the birds. Means ± SD of the parameters were calculated and compared for significance differences using one-way ANOVA (p<0.05). A significantly lower total protein and globulin levels were recorded in groups B and C on day 19. Contrarily, there was an increase in total protein and globulin levels in groups B and C, and an increase in monocytes count in group B on day 32. The serum levels of gamma interferon, interleukin 2 and Newcastle disease antibody titre increased significantly in groups B and C on day 32. Immunoglobulin G and A concentrations were not significantly different across the three groups on day 32. These results showed that coconut water supplementation before and after vaccination improved immune response to Newcastle disease vaccine.
{"title":"Coconut water enhances immunity of cockerels before and after vaccination against Newcastle disease virus","authors":"I. Bello, Abdullah Abdulslam Abdullah, O. Adelakun, O. Agbato, B. A. Okunrinkoya","doi":"10.31248/jasvm2021.256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31248/jasvm2021.256","url":null,"abstract":"Coconut water contains cytokinins and lauric acid which have potentials to enhance immune response. Poor immune response after vaccination is a common problem in poultry industry. Due to this challenge, this experimental study was carried out to evaluate the effects of coconut water on cell mediated and humoral immunity in cockerel chicks. Seventy five day-old cockerel chicks were randomly divided into three groups (A, B and C) and each group contained 25 birds. Group A (control) received ordinary water for 32 days while birds in group B received 100 ml of coconut water/1 L of water for 32 days. Group C received 100 mL of coconut water/1 L of water till day 19 of age and ordinary water from day 20 to day 32 of age. The birds were vaccinated against Newcastle disease (NDV) on day 20. Blood samples were collected on day 19 and 32 to evaluate the leukogram, antibody titer against NDV, total proteins and cytokines. Intestinal samples were also collected for immunoglobulin A analysis following the euthanasia of the birds. Means ± SD of the parameters were calculated and compared for significance differences using one-way ANOVA (p<0.05). A significantly lower total protein and globulin levels were recorded in groups B and C on day 19. Contrarily, there was an increase in total protein and globulin levels in groups B and C, and an increase in monocytes count in group B on day 32. The serum levels of gamma interferon, interleukin 2 and Newcastle disease antibody titre increased significantly in groups B and C on day 32. Immunoglobulin G and A concentrations were not significantly different across the three groups on day 32. These results showed that coconut water supplementation before and after vaccination improved immune response to Newcastle disease vaccine.","PeriodicalId":383871,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129476591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Habiba, M. Khairunnesa, S. Ahmed, M. R. Islam, A. Rabbi, M. Hossain, M. I. Khan, C. J. Yang, A. Bostami, S. Rahaman
There is a growing interest to researchers in human and animal studies through the addition of medicinal plants or their derivatives to their feeds due to the presence of bioactive compounds. A study was carried out to monitor growth performance, fecal microbial loads and nutrient digestibility in crossbred (Local x Holstein Friesian) growing calves. Treatment groups were: HFA1 (CON: Control group, basal diet: green grass + concentrate), HFA2 (CON + fruit of Emblica officinalis Gaertn. 0.5% in-feed and 0.1% in-water), HFA3 (CON + fruit of Terminalia bellirica Gaertn. Roxb. 0.5% in-feed and 0.1% in-water), and HFA4 (CON + fruit of Terminalia chebula Retz. 0.5% in-feed and 0.1% in-water). Addition of local herbal feed additives (HFA2, HFA3 and HFA4) improved weight gain and gain to feed ratio (p<0.05). Fecal microbiological study indicated that, fecal pathogenic E. coli was suppressed, however, Lactobacilli sp. and their ratio was elevated in HFA2, HFA3 and HFA4 relative to HFA1 (p<0.05). Digestibility of DM was upgraded whereas digestibility of CP was down-trended in herbal treated group as compared to control group (p<0.05). Thus, utilization of local herbal feed additives in the diet (in-feed and in-water) of crossbred growing calves might be evocative for promoting the growth performance rather than utilizing synthetic growth promoters
{"title":"Ameliorating the crossbred (Local x Holstein Friesian) growing calves’ growth performance, fecal microbial loads, and nutrient digestibility upon feeding local herbal feed additives as supplements","authors":"M. Habiba, M. Khairunnesa, S. Ahmed, M. R. Islam, A. Rabbi, M. Hossain, M. I. Khan, C. J. Yang, A. Bostami, S. Rahaman","doi":"10.31248/jasvm2021.260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31248/jasvm2021.260","url":null,"abstract":"There is a growing interest to researchers in human and animal studies through the addition of medicinal plants or their derivatives to their feeds due to the presence of bioactive compounds. A study was carried out to monitor growth performance, fecal microbial loads and nutrient digestibility in crossbred (Local x Holstein Friesian) growing calves. Treatment groups were: HFA1 (CON: Control group, basal diet: green grass + concentrate), HFA2 (CON + fruit of Emblica officinalis Gaertn. 0.5% in-feed and 0.1% in-water), HFA3 (CON + fruit of Terminalia bellirica Gaertn. Roxb. 0.5% in-feed and 0.1% in-water), and HFA4 (CON + fruit of Terminalia chebula Retz. 0.5% in-feed and 0.1% in-water). Addition of local herbal feed additives (HFA2, HFA3 and HFA4) improved weight gain and gain to feed ratio (p<0.05). Fecal microbiological study indicated that, fecal pathogenic E. coli was suppressed, however, Lactobacilli sp. and their ratio was elevated in HFA2, HFA3 and HFA4 relative to HFA1 (p<0.05). Digestibility of DM was upgraded whereas digestibility of CP was down-trended in herbal treated group as compared to control group (p<0.05). Thus, utilization of local herbal feed additives in the diet (in-feed and in-water) of crossbred growing calves might be evocative for promoting the growth performance rather than utilizing synthetic growth promoters","PeriodicalId":383871,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine","volume":"139 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130345695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A total of two-hundred-and-forty day old broiler chicks were used to study the response of broiler birds to diets containing graded levels of tiger nut residue (TNR) as a replacement for maize. The diets consisted of 0, 10, 20 and 30% of TNR as a replacement for maize as T1 (control), T2, T3 and T4 respectively. The birds were allotted to four dietary treatments of 4 replicates each containing 60 and 15 birds respectively in a completely randomized design. The data obtained from the experiment were subjected to one - way analysis of variance. The results showed that average weight gain (AWG) and final weight gain (FWG) were high for birds fed 10% TNR and increased numerically than the 0, 20 and 30% groups at the starter phase. In the finisher phase the average weight gain (AWG) and final weight gain (FWG) followed the same trend. Feed intake was not significantly affected by the diet at the starter and finisher phases. In the starter phase the T1 (control) recorded the best and the lowest feed conversion ratio but in the finisher phase, the best feed conversion ratio was observed in T2. The TNR inclusion had no significant (p˃0.05) effect on live weight, dressed weight, dressing percentage, cut-parts and organs of the birds. The haematological parameters were not significantly (p˃0.05) affected by the diets. All the biochemical parameters determined; serum protein, albumin, globulin, urea, creatinine, ALT, AST, cholesterol and triglyceride were not significantly (p˃0.05) affected by the treatment diet. It was concluded that tiger nut residue (TNR) as a replacement for maize at a 30% level of inclusion did not cause any deleterious effects on the performance, carcass and blood profiles of broilers
{"title":"Growth performance, carcass indices and blood profile of broiler chickens fed tiger nut residue","authors":"C. Essien","doi":"10.31248/JASVM2021.253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31248/JASVM2021.253","url":null,"abstract":"A total of two-hundred-and-forty day old broiler chicks were used to study the response of broiler birds to diets containing graded levels of tiger nut residue (TNR) as a replacement for maize. The diets consisted of 0, 10, 20 and 30% of TNR as a replacement for maize as T1 (control), T2, T3 and T4 respectively. The birds were allotted to four dietary treatments of 4 replicates each containing 60 and 15 birds respectively in a completely randomized design. The data obtained from the experiment were subjected to one - way analysis of variance. The results showed that average weight gain (AWG) and final weight gain (FWG) were high for birds fed 10% TNR and increased numerically than the 0, 20 and 30% groups at the starter phase. In the finisher phase the average weight gain (AWG) and final weight gain (FWG) followed the same trend. Feed intake was not significantly affected by the diet at the starter and finisher phases. In the starter phase the T1 (control) recorded the best and the lowest feed conversion ratio but in the finisher phase, the best feed conversion ratio was observed in T2. The TNR inclusion had no significant (p˃0.05) effect on live weight, dressed weight, dressing percentage, cut-parts and organs of the birds. The haematological parameters were not significantly (p˃0.05) affected by the diets. All the biochemical parameters determined; serum protein, albumin, globulin, urea, creatinine, ALT, AST, cholesterol and triglyceride were not significantly (p˃0.05) affected by the treatment diet. It was concluded that tiger nut residue (TNR) as a replacement for maize at a 30% level of inclusion did not cause any deleterious effects on the performance, carcass and blood profiles of broilers","PeriodicalId":383871,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122692061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
O. E. Fijabi, H. Emmanuel, O. Osaiyuwu, G. I. Iroanya
Myostatin (MSTN) also known as growth differentiation factor 8 (GDF-8) has been implicated to play an important role in growth regulation, and it is a candidate gene in marker assisted selection (MAS). This study was carried out to identify the polymorphism of MSTN gene as a genetic marker for growth traits in Nigerian indigenous sheep. Genomic DNA (gDNA) was extracted from blood samples of Balami, Yankasa, Uda and West African Dwarf (WAD) breeds of sheep. Parts of 5’UTR, intron and exon1 (614bp) was amplified using a primer sequence designed by FastPCR-primer software. The amplicons were digested with restriction enzyme HaeIII and the fragments produced were stained with luminescent dye and run on gel electrophoresis. The genetic structure of the sampled population was investigated after analysis with POPGENE32 software. The HaeIII digested results showed that Myostatin has three polymorphs (AA, AB and BB), controlled by two alleles (A and B), with B having a higher allelic frequency (82.84%) and BB genotype has the highest frequency of 73%. The sampled population showed a deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (p<0.05) while the F-statistics results of the Nigerian breeds of sheep showed the breeds are genetically identical (33.40%) within them. The genetic distance matrix established that Uda and Yankasa show the greatest distant (3.00%) while Uda and WAD are almost identical (99.85%). The four breeds of sheep studied showed polymorphism for Myostatin gene in the intron 1 and exon 1. Myostatin, therefore, could be considered a candidate gene for MAS
{"title":"Genetic polymorphism of myostatin (MSTN) in Nigerian sheep breeds","authors":"O. E. Fijabi, H. Emmanuel, O. Osaiyuwu, G. I. Iroanya","doi":"10.31248/JASVM2021.257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31248/JASVM2021.257","url":null,"abstract":"Myostatin (MSTN) also known as growth differentiation factor 8 (GDF-8) has been implicated to play an important role in growth regulation, and it is a candidate gene in marker assisted selection (MAS). This study was carried out to identify the polymorphism of MSTN gene as a genetic marker for growth traits in Nigerian indigenous sheep. Genomic DNA (gDNA) was extracted from blood samples of Balami, Yankasa, Uda and West African Dwarf (WAD) breeds of sheep. Parts of 5’UTR, intron and exon1 (614bp) was amplified using a primer sequence designed by FastPCR-primer software. The amplicons were digested with restriction enzyme HaeIII and the fragments produced were stained with luminescent dye and run on gel electrophoresis. The genetic structure of the sampled population was investigated after analysis with POPGENE32 software. The HaeIII digested results showed that Myostatin has three polymorphs (AA, AB and BB), controlled by two alleles (A and B), with B having a higher allelic frequency (82.84%) and BB genotype has the highest frequency of 73%. The sampled population showed a deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (p<0.05) while the F-statistics results of the Nigerian breeds of sheep showed the breeds are genetically identical (33.40%) within them. The genetic distance matrix established that Uda and Yankasa show the greatest distant (3.00%) while Uda and WAD are almost identical (99.85%). The four breeds of sheep studied showed polymorphism for Myostatin gene in the intron 1 and exon 1. Myostatin, therefore, could be considered a candidate gene for MAS","PeriodicalId":383871,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine","volume":"58 Suppl A 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123417305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study was carried out to determine the prevalence, intensity and management systems associated with tick infestation in sheep and goats from Bui and Donga-Mantung Divisions. A total of 704 animals consisting of 342 males and 362 females (463 adults and 241 young (kids/lambs) were physically examined for tick infestation, of which 383 were goats and 321 sheep aged 5 months to 7 years. Of the 704 animals examined, 651 were found positive with one or more ticks giving an overall prevalence of 92.5%. The highest prevalence was recorded in sheep (99.4%) while 86.7% was recorded in goats. There was a significant difference (p<0.05) in the prevalence and intensity of tick infestation of these ruminants in the study area. The overall intensity of infestation or tick burden was 1302 with the highest intensity observed in Boophilus geygei (416). Six species of ticks were identified which were Boophilus geygei, Boophilus annulatus, Boophilus decoloratus, Rhipicephalus sanguineus, Hyalomma truncatum and Haemophysalis laechi with a high prevalence recorded for Boophilus geygei (29.5%) and the least recorded for Haemophysalis laechi (8.4%). Adults and females were the most infested compared to young stock and male animals. Concerning the various management techniques, the prevalence of tick infestation was higher in tethered animals (97.8%), followed by free-range grazing animals (89.8%). Animals confined in paddocks had the least prevalence (71.6%). This study provides an important step to reduce animal infestation and minimize economic losses in sheep and goats by providing information that will help farmers of these areas to use strategic treatment methods and medicinal plants to reduce parasite infestations on the animals and also to practice the right traditional management techniques.
{"title":"Prevalence of tick infestation of sheep and goats in Bui and Donga-Mantung Divisions of the North West Region of Cameroon","authors":"Yamssi Cédric, V. Payne, M. E. Malla","doi":"10.31248/JASVM2021.248","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31248/JASVM2021.248","url":null,"abstract":"This study was carried out to determine the prevalence, intensity and management systems associated with tick infestation in sheep and goats from Bui and Donga-Mantung Divisions. A total of 704 animals consisting of 342 males and 362 females (463 adults and 241 young (kids/lambs) were physically examined for tick infestation, of which 383 were goats and 321 sheep aged 5 months to 7 years. Of the 704 animals examined, 651 were found positive with one or more ticks giving an overall prevalence of 92.5%. The highest prevalence was recorded in sheep (99.4%) while 86.7% was recorded in goats. There was a significant difference (p<0.05) in the prevalence and intensity of tick infestation of these ruminants in the study area. The overall intensity of infestation or tick burden was 1302 with the highest intensity observed in Boophilus geygei (416). Six species of ticks were identified which were Boophilus geygei, Boophilus annulatus, Boophilus decoloratus, Rhipicephalus sanguineus, Hyalomma truncatum and Haemophysalis laechi with a high prevalence recorded for Boophilus geygei (29.5%) and the least recorded for Haemophysalis laechi (8.4%). Adults and females were the most infested compared to young stock and male animals. Concerning the various management techniques, the prevalence of tick infestation was higher in tethered animals (97.8%), followed by free-range grazing animals (89.8%). Animals confined in paddocks had the least prevalence (71.6%). This study provides an important step to reduce animal infestation and minimize economic losses in sheep and goats by providing information that will help farmers of these areas to use strategic treatment methods and medicinal plants to reduce parasite infestations on the animals and also to practice the right traditional management techniques.","PeriodicalId":383871,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114258471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Allan Rey S. Angeles, Lloyd B. Garcia, Angel Ann A. Aquino, Janine I. Berdos
The main objectives of the study were to examine the nutritional value, carcass quality and meat organoleptic evaluation of broilers supplemented with fish entrails meal. Proximate analysis of fish entrails meal was analysed. Its effects on carcass weight, dressed weight and cuts-up weight were evaluated when used as supplement in the ration of broilers. For the organoleptic evaluation, hedonic scale scorecard was used. A total of 60 respondents evaluated the poultry meat fed with fish entrails meal and each sample were randomly assigned in Completely Randomized Design (CRD) following the four treatments. The treatments were: without fish entrails meal, with 3, 5 and 7% fish entrails meal. Fish entrails meal contained 33.0±0.9% crude protein and 38.4±0.9% crude fat. Carcass quality evaluation revealed that supplementing fish entrails meal significantly influenced the dressed yield (p<0.05), carcass yield (p=0.01), leg weight (p<0.01), and breast weight (p<0.05). Furthermore, hedonic scale scorecard revealed that the colour of carcass were paled but statistically (p<0.05), 7% inclusion rate of fish entrails meal influenced the carcass colour. In terms of economics, broilers fed with 5% fish entrails meal had the highest income over feed cost (43.36 PhP) since it attained highest marketable weight (1,511.11 g/bird). Generally, fish entrails meal contained high crude protein, high crude fat and moderately low in crude fiber. Fish entrails meal as part of the ration supported satisfactorily the carcass quality and organoleptic quality of cobb broilers. Moreover, feeding fish entrails meal up to 5% increased income over feed cost
{"title":"Fish entrails meal as feed for broilers (Gallus gallus domesticus): Its potential as dietary supplements on the carcass quality and meat organoleptic evaluation","authors":"Allan Rey S. Angeles, Lloyd B. Garcia, Angel Ann A. Aquino, Janine I. Berdos","doi":"10.31248/JASVM2020.196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31248/JASVM2020.196","url":null,"abstract":"The main objectives of the study were to examine the nutritional value, carcass quality and meat organoleptic evaluation of broilers supplemented with fish entrails meal. Proximate analysis of fish entrails meal was analysed. Its effects on carcass weight, dressed weight and cuts-up weight were evaluated when used as supplement in the ration of broilers. For the organoleptic evaluation, hedonic scale scorecard was used. A total of 60 respondents evaluated the poultry meat fed with fish entrails meal and each sample were randomly assigned in Completely Randomized Design (CRD) following the four treatments. The treatments were: without fish entrails meal, with 3, 5 and 7% fish entrails meal. Fish entrails meal contained 33.0±0.9% crude protein and 38.4±0.9% crude fat. Carcass quality evaluation revealed that supplementing fish entrails meal significantly influenced the dressed yield (p<0.05), carcass yield (p=0.01), leg weight (p<0.01), and breast weight (p<0.05). Furthermore, hedonic scale scorecard revealed that the colour of carcass were paled but statistically (p<0.05), 7% inclusion rate of fish entrails meal influenced the carcass colour. In terms of economics, broilers fed with 5% fish entrails meal had the highest income over feed cost (43.36 PhP) since it attained highest marketable weight (1,511.11 g/bird). Generally, fish entrails meal contained high crude protein, high crude fat and moderately low in crude fiber. Fish entrails meal as part of the ration supported satisfactorily the carcass quality and organoleptic quality of cobb broilers. Moreover, feeding fish entrails meal up to 5% increased income over feed cost","PeriodicalId":383871,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133327770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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