Cryptosporidiosis is a zoonotic disease caused by the protozoan parasite Cryptosporidium spp. A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. copro-antigens in piglets from Kafanchan, Kaduna Sate, Nigeria. A total of 185 faecal samples from piglets were collected and tested using a commercial kit (Copro-Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent AssayTM). An overall prevalence of 16.8% (31/185) was recorded from the study. The prevalence was relatively higher in piglets of age 5 to 6 weeks (17.8%), than age 0 to 4 weeks (15.4%), in male (17.7%) than in female (15.9%), in Land white breed (17.5%) than in Land race breed (12.0%), in piglets managed under semi-intensive (18.7%), than those managed under intensive system (10.9%). There were no statistical significant associations (p>0.05) among the various parameters investigated, however, piglets with diarrhea had higher (34.5%) rate of infection than those without (13.5%) diarrhea and the association was statistically significant (OR = 3.383; 95% CI on OR: 1.385 < OR <8.265, p = 0.007). Among the investigated factors, presence of diarrhea was shown to be a significant factor in the spread of Cryptosporidium infection in piglets. It may be concluded that such a symptom needs to be routinely investigated under the production systems practiced in the study area in view of the economic and public health importance.
隐孢子虫病是一种由原生动物寄生虫隐孢子虫引起的人畜共患疾病。为了确定隐孢子虫共抗原在尼日利亚卡杜纳州Kafanchan仔猪中的流行率，进行了一项横断面研究。共收集了185个仔猪粪便样本，并使用商品化试剂盒(辅酶联免疫吸附测定试剂盒tm)进行了检测。总患病率为16.8%(31/185)。5 ~ 6周龄仔猪患病率(17.8%)高于0 ~ 4周龄仔猪(15.4%)，公猪患病率(17.7%)高于母猪(15.9%)，白地猪患病率(17.5%)高于陆地猪(12.0%)，半集约化管理仔猪患病率(18.7%)高于集约化管理仔猪(10.9%)。各参数间无显著相关性(p < 0.05)，但腹泻仔猪的感染率(34.5%)高于未腹泻仔猪(13.5%)，相关性有统计学意义(OR = 3.383;OR的95% CI: 1.385 < OR <8.265, p = 0.007)。在调查的因素中，腹泻是仔猪隐孢子虫感染传播的重要因素。可以得出结论，鉴于经济和公共卫生的重要性，需要在研究地区实行的生产系统下对这种症状进行常规调查。
{"title":"Prevalence of Cryptosporidium species copro-antigens in piglets in Kafanchan, Kaduna State, Nigeria","authors":"A. Sackey, M. Abare, B. Maikai, O. Akas","doi":"10.31248/JASVM2019.133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31248/JASVM2019.133","url":null,"abstract":"Cryptosporidiosis is a zoonotic disease caused by the protozoan parasite Cryptosporidium spp. A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. copro-antigens in piglets from Kafanchan, Kaduna Sate, Nigeria. A total of 185 faecal samples from piglets were collected and tested using a commercial kit (Copro-Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent AssayTM). An overall prevalence of 16.8% (31/185) was recorded from the study. The prevalence was relatively higher in piglets of age 5 to 6 weeks (17.8%), than age 0 to 4 weeks (15.4%), in male (17.7%) than in female (15.9%), in Land white breed (17.5%) than in Land race breed (12.0%), in piglets managed under semi-intensive (18.7%), than those managed under intensive system (10.9%). There were no statistical significant associations (p>0.05) among the various parameters investigated, however, piglets with diarrhea had higher (34.5%) rate of infection than those without (13.5%) diarrhea and the association was statistically significant (OR = 3.383; 95% CI on OR: 1.385 < OR <8.265, p = 0.007). Among the investigated factors, presence of diarrhea was shown to be a significant factor in the spread of Cryptosporidium infection in piglets. It may be concluded that such a symptom needs to be routinely investigated under the production systems practiced in the study area in view of the economic and public health importance.","PeriodicalId":383871,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132480680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. A. Otuu, S. Hassan, A. C. Urama, J. E. Ochaguba, I. Omalu, S. Eke, I. Okafor
Livestock and their products are the major source of animal protein. They also play a crucial role in the economy of most nations including Nigeria. However, parasitism presents a major constraint limiting livestock production in most developing countries. Therefore, this study is aimed at determining the prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites of commercial sheep and goats in Minna Abattoir, Niger Sate, Nigeria. A total of one hundred and sixty-eight (168) faecal samples were collected and analyzed for the presence of gastrointestinal parasites using saturated sodium chloride floatation techniques. An overall prevalence rate of 117 (69.64%) was recorded. Among the selected ruminants used, a prevalence rate of 48 (63.16%) and 69 (75.0%) was obtained for sheep and goats respectively. Seven (7) gastrointestinal parasites were detected; these were Strongyloides spp, Trichuris spp, Haemonchus spp., Eimeria spp., Taenia spp., Moniezia spp. and Fasciola spp. Among the parasite detected, Haemonchus spp. had the highest rate of infection 30 (25.6%) followed by Strongyloides spp. 23 (19.65%) while the least prevalence rate was recorded in Moniezia spp. 8 (6.8%). Overall, male ruminants were also more infected (Sheep: 64.44% and goats:77.78% than their females counterparts (sheep: 61.29% and goats: 71.05%). The older ruminants were more infected (sheep: 69.49% and goats: 73.91%). Chi–square analysis showed that there was no significant difference (p>0.05) on the infection rate in relation to gender and age. The results of this study suggest high prevalence of gastrointestinal parasitic infection among ruminants; therefore, effective control measures should be put in place to combat the despicable effects of gastrointestinal parasites on ruminants.
{"title":"Prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites of sheep and goats slaughtered in Minna Modern Abattoir, Niger State, Nigeria","authors":"C. A. Otuu, S. Hassan, A. C. Urama, J. E. Ochaguba, I. Omalu, S. Eke, I. Okafor","doi":"10.31248/JASVM2019.131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31248/JASVM2019.131","url":null,"abstract":"Livestock and their products are the major source of animal protein. They also play a crucial role in the economy of most nations including Nigeria. However, parasitism presents a major constraint limiting livestock production in most developing countries. Therefore, this study is aimed at determining the prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites of commercial sheep and goats in Minna Abattoir, Niger Sate, Nigeria. A total of one hundred and sixty-eight (168) faecal samples were collected and analyzed for the presence of gastrointestinal parasites using saturated sodium chloride floatation techniques. An overall prevalence rate of 117 (69.64%) was recorded. Among the selected ruminants used, a prevalence rate of 48 (63.16%) and 69 (75.0%) was obtained for sheep and goats respectively. Seven (7) gastrointestinal parasites were detected; these were Strongyloides spp, Trichuris spp, Haemonchus spp., Eimeria spp., Taenia spp., Moniezia spp. and Fasciola spp. Among the parasite detected, Haemonchus spp. had the highest rate of infection 30 (25.6%) followed by Strongyloides spp. 23 (19.65%) while the least prevalence rate was recorded in Moniezia spp. 8 (6.8%). Overall, male ruminants were also more infected (Sheep: 64.44% and goats:77.78% than their females counterparts (sheep: 61.29% and goats: 71.05%). The older ruminants were more infected (sheep: 69.49% and goats: 73.91%). Chi–square analysis showed that there was no significant difference (p>0.05) on the infection rate in relation to gender and age. The results of this study suggest high prevalence of gastrointestinal parasitic infection among ruminants; therefore, effective control measures should be put in place to combat the despicable effects of gastrointestinal parasites on ruminants.","PeriodicalId":383871,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131401232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Mahmud, S. Atabo, H. A. Abdulrasheed, A. Danmaigoro, A. Bello, S. Shehu
There is dearth of information on the biometry, clinical and applied anatomy of the head region, general morphology on the indigenous breed of sheep in particular, hence led to the motivation behind this study. This study gives the first biometric description of the skull of Yankasa indigenous breed of sheep in Nigeria. Twenty-five heads (5 [0 – 6 months], 5 [6 months – 1 year], 5 [1 – 2 years], 5 [2 – 3 years] and 5 [ 3 years and above]) were collected from purposively and randomly sampled Yankasa male sheep from a slaughter slab and processed for biometrical investigation. Several biometrical measurements were recorded from each of the 25 skulls. From these, simple descriptive statistical analysis was obtained. The values obtained from these groups were increasing with ages. This study has described the biometric characteristics of the Yankasa sheep and concludes that a contribution for comparative model for other African local ovine breeds in general and Nigerian ovine breeds in particular has being made. Being the first study of its kind in Nigeria, it makes a significant contribution to a better understanding of the Yankasa sheep skull. It is envisaged that the results obtained in this study will be useful as baseline data in anatomical and archaeological studies.
{"title":"Osteometrical study on age related changes of the skull of Yankasa ram","authors":"M. Mahmud, S. Atabo, H. A. Abdulrasheed, A. Danmaigoro, A. Bello, S. Shehu","doi":"10.31248/JASVM2019.132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31248/JASVM2019.132","url":null,"abstract":"There is dearth of information on the biometry, clinical and applied anatomy of the head region, general morphology on the indigenous breed of sheep in particular, hence led to the motivation behind this study. This study gives the first biometric description of the skull of Yankasa indigenous breed of sheep in Nigeria. Twenty-five heads (5 [0 – 6 months], 5 [6 months – 1 year], 5 [1 – 2 years], 5 [2 – 3 years] and 5 [ 3 years and above]) were collected from purposively and randomly sampled Yankasa male sheep from a slaughter slab and processed for biometrical investigation. Several biometrical measurements were recorded from each of the 25 skulls. From these, simple descriptive statistical analysis was obtained. The values obtained from these groups were increasing with ages. This study has described the biometric characteristics of the Yankasa sheep and concludes that a contribution for comparative model for other African local ovine breeds in general and Nigerian ovine breeds in particular has being made. Being the first study of its kind in Nigeria, it makes a significant contribution to a better understanding of the Yankasa sheep skull. It is envisaged that the results obtained in this study will be useful as baseline data in anatomical and archaeological studies.","PeriodicalId":383871,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130840312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The potential of selected forages was evaluated using West African Dwarf (WAD) goats. Six forages namely, Andropogon tectorum, Panicum maximum, Aspilia Africana, Gmelina arborea, Alchornea cordifolia and Bambusa vulgaris designated as T1 to T6, respectively were the only feed source used for the study. Thirty West African Dwarf goats aged 8 to 9 months, with an average bodyweight of 9.17 to 10.10 kg were used for the study. The goats were assigned to six treatment groups based on the forages used in a completely randomized design. The results obtained showed significant (p 0.05) differences in the parameters tested. However, the PCV values were reduced in the final haematological profile. Similarly, carcass characteristics had no (p>0.05) significant differences among the treatment means. Animal on Andropogon tectorum (T1) gave the best (50.29%) dressing percentage with the least (40.47%) in Panicum maximum (T2). It can be concluded that performance of West African Dwarf goats can be better if the forages are offered in combination at equal amounts.
{"title":"Growth performance and carcass characteristics of West African dwarf (WAD) goats fed selected forages in Akwa Ibom State","authors":"A. Ayuk, G. Eyoh","doi":"10.31248/JASVM2019.134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31248/JASVM2019.134","url":null,"abstract":"The potential of selected forages was evaluated using West African Dwarf (WAD) goats. Six forages namely, Andropogon tectorum, Panicum maximum, Aspilia Africana, Gmelina arborea, Alchornea cordifolia and Bambusa vulgaris designated as T1 to T6, respectively were the only feed source used for the study. Thirty West African Dwarf goats aged 8 to 9 months, with an average bodyweight of 9.17 to 10.10 kg were used for the study. The goats were assigned to six treatment groups based on the forages used in a completely randomized design. The results obtained showed significant (p 0.05) differences in the parameters tested. However, the PCV values were reduced in the final haematological profile. Similarly, carcass characteristics had no (p>0.05) significant differences among the treatment means. Animal on Andropogon tectorum (T1) gave the best (50.29%) dressing percentage with the least (40.47%) in Panicum maximum (T2). It can be concluded that performance of West African Dwarf goats can be better if the forages are offered in combination at equal amounts.","PeriodicalId":383871,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123434589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Y. D. Dalokom, L. Guluwa, B. O. Onazi, S. A. Damter, I. Damar
This study assesses the amino acids profile of Flamboyant seeds (Delonix regia) collected at the premises of Plateau State College of Agriculture, Garkawa. Flamboyant seed meal (FSM) were cooked for 0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 mins as treatments and replicated three times in a completely randomized design (CRD). It was then analyses for both essential and non-essential amino acids profile using Technicon sequential Multi-sample Amino Acid Analyzer (TSM) at University of Jos, Plateau State. Cooking started at 100oC for 0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 minutes. Results showed significant (p<0.05) increase in the amino acids profile from 0 to 60 minutes and decline thereafter as cooking duration increased. In addition, cooking duration beyond 60 mins denatured the amino acid profile. In conclusion, 60 mins cooking duration had the best, therefore, it is recommended to be use in animal feeding since critical amino acids like lysine and methionine had higher values over others cooking durations.
{"title":"Effect of cooking durations on amino acids profile of flamboyant seed meal (Delonix regia) for animals feeding","authors":"Y. D. Dalokom, L. Guluwa, B. O. Onazi, S. A. Damter, I. Damar","doi":"10.31248/JASVM2019.127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31248/JASVM2019.127","url":null,"abstract":"This study assesses the amino acids profile of Flamboyant seeds (Delonix regia) collected at the premises of Plateau State College of Agriculture, Garkawa. Flamboyant seed meal (FSM) were cooked for 0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 mins as treatments and replicated three times in a completely randomized design (CRD). It was then analyses for both essential and non-essential amino acids profile using Technicon sequential Multi-sample Amino Acid Analyzer (TSM) at University of Jos, Plateau State. Cooking started at 100oC for 0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 minutes. Results showed significant (p<0.05) increase in the amino acids profile from 0 to 60 minutes and decline thereafter as cooking duration increased. In addition, cooking duration beyond 60 mins denatured the amino acid profile. In conclusion, 60 mins cooking duration had the best, therefore, it is recommended to be use in animal feeding since critical amino acids like lysine and methionine had higher values over others cooking durations.","PeriodicalId":383871,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124945745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rotavirus (RV) diarrhea is the major cause of death of millions of children in developing countries besides causing economically significant malady in neonates of many domestic animals. There is a very little information available for the factors which can affect prevalence of Bovine Rotavirus (BRV) in Pakistan. There is a dire need to propagate BRV on cell culture and evaluate the physical and chemical control of RV in effective ways for the betterment of human and livestock welfare. Therefore, the present study aimed to propagate BRV on Madin-Darby bovine kidney (MDBK) cell line. The screening of the virus was done by using commercially available kit and TCID50 technique. The propagation of BRV was then led to study its inactivity and infectivity potential using different physical and chemical factors. For this reason, 3 physical factors (Temperature, pH and UV light) and 8 chemical disinfectants were used. The virus got completely inactive at a temperature range of 75 to 80oC and 5.00 to 6.00 pH while remained active at 7.04 and 8.00. The virus was inactivated after exposure to 0.5% Virkon®-S within 30 minutes, 0.5% Bromo-Sept after 30 min, and 1.0% surf excel after 30 min Phenol within 60 min at a concentration of 1.0% and 0.6% H2O2 after 30 min proved to be virucidal for the virus. These findings can be helpful for the farmers to keep their farms decontaminated from this virus. Moreover, these results can also be of help in the prevention of the outbreaks that occur in the hospitals. #These authors contributed equally to this work.
{"title":"Study of physico-chemical factors affecting the growth of cell-culture adapted bovine Rotavirus strain of Pakistan","authors":"Nauman Zahid, N. Mukhtar, W. Syed, Tahir Yaqoub","doi":"10.31248/JASVM2019.129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31248/JASVM2019.129","url":null,"abstract":"Rotavirus (RV) diarrhea is the major cause of death of millions of children in developing countries besides causing economically significant malady in neonates of many domestic animals. There is a very little information available for the factors which can affect prevalence of Bovine Rotavirus (BRV) in Pakistan. There is a dire need to propagate BRV on cell culture and evaluate the physical and chemical control of RV in effective ways for the betterment of human and livestock welfare. Therefore, the present study aimed to propagate BRV on Madin-Darby bovine kidney (MDBK) cell line. The screening of the virus was done by using commercially available kit and TCID50 technique. The propagation of BRV was then led to study its inactivity and infectivity potential using different physical and chemical factors. For this reason, 3 physical factors (Temperature, pH and UV light) and 8 chemical disinfectants were used. The virus got completely inactive at a temperature range of 75 to 80oC and 5.00 to 6.00 pH while remained active at 7.04 and 8.00. The virus was inactivated after exposure to 0.5% Virkon®-S within 30 minutes, 0.5% Bromo-Sept after 30 min, and 1.0% surf excel after 30 min Phenol within 60 min at a concentration of 1.0% and 0.6% H2O2 after 30 min proved to be virucidal for the virus. These findings can be helpful for the farmers to keep their farms decontaminated from this virus. Moreover, these results can also be of help in the prevention of the outbreaks that occur in the hospitals. \u0000 \u0000#These authors contributed equally to this work.","PeriodicalId":383871,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114624688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tannia cocoyam meals (CCYM) as substitutes for maize were evaluated in a six week feeding trial, in order to determine and compare effects of dietary inclusion at 100% of tannia cocoyam and the levels of antinutritional factors present. Ninety-six broiler chickens at four weeks of age were randomly allotted in groups of 12 to one of the following diets. The dietary treatments contain 0, 25, 50 and 100% CCYM of Tannia which comprised of raw sundried and boiled sundried forms. Proximate analyses of the test ingredient and that of maize was conducted. Antinutritional factor analyses of the test ingredients were also conducted. Carcass quality evaluation was also determined only on control groups and 100% (cocoyam inclusion). The results of proximate compositions indicated that tannia is higher in crude fibre, ash and nitrogen free extract. The weight of crop on raw tannia (31.70) was significantly lower (p 0.05) to control. The weights of crop and intestine on 100% CCYM diets differed significantly (p<0.05) with lower values on the control (32.45 and 112.08 respectively) and higher values on boiled sundried tannia (53.74 and 132.30 respectively). Significantly higher levels (p<0.001) of anti-nutritional factors were observed on raw sundried tannia than the boiled sundried tannia. The carcass yield and organs weight were significantly higher (p<0.05) on boiled sundried tannia as compared to that of raw sundried. Thus, better feed utilization on boiled tannia diets due to higher feeding value than raw sundried cocoyam. Therefore, boiled tannia could replace maize at 100% inclusion levels without any adverse effects on carcass characteristics, but lower levels of raw tannia is recommended due to higher content of antinutritional factors.
{"title":"Gross visceral organs morphometry and carcass quality in broiler chicken fed Tannia (Xanthosoma sagittifolium) cocoyam","authors":"M. Abdulrashid, L. N. Agwunobi","doi":"10.31248/JASVM2019.124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31248/JASVM2019.124","url":null,"abstract":"Tannia cocoyam meals (CCYM) as substitutes for maize were evaluated in a six week feeding trial, in order to determine and compare effects of dietary inclusion at 100% of tannia cocoyam and the levels of antinutritional factors present. Ninety-six broiler chickens at four weeks of age were randomly allotted in groups of 12 to one of the following diets. The dietary treatments contain 0, 25, 50 and 100% CCYM of Tannia which comprised of raw sundried and boiled sundried forms. Proximate analyses of the test ingredient and that of maize was conducted. Antinutritional factor analyses of the test ingredients were also conducted. Carcass quality evaluation was also determined only on control groups and 100% (cocoyam inclusion). The results of proximate compositions indicated that tannia is higher in crude fibre, ash and nitrogen free extract. The weight of crop on raw tannia (31.70) was significantly lower (p 0.05) to control. The weights of crop and intestine on 100% CCYM diets differed significantly (p<0.05) with lower values on the control (32.45 and 112.08 respectively) and higher values on boiled sundried tannia (53.74 and 132.30 respectively). Significantly higher levels (p<0.001) of anti-nutritional factors were observed on raw sundried tannia than the boiled sundried tannia. The carcass yield and organs weight were significantly higher (p<0.05) on boiled sundried tannia as compared to that of raw sundried. Thus, better feed utilization on boiled tannia diets due to higher feeding value than raw sundried cocoyam. Therefore, boiled tannia could replace maize at 100% inclusion levels without any adverse effects on carcass characteristics, but lower levels of raw tannia is recommended due to higher content of antinutritional factors.","PeriodicalId":383871,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125950354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
An experiment was conducted to evaluate the performance and economics of broiler chickens production fed diets containing differently processed full fat soy bean. Five diets were formulated in which differently processed full fat soy bean containing sprouted, salt treated, cooked and roasted with raw soy bean as control. Two hundred and fifty (250) Anak 2000 broiler chicks were randomly allotted to five dietary treatments replicated five times in a randomized completely block design. Results showed that daily feed intake, daily weight gain, feed conversion ratio and feed efficiency ratio were significantly (p<0.05) affected by the different processing methods at starter, finisher and overall phases by the different processing methods. The feed cost (N/kg gain) was lower in cooked soy bean (N66.08) and highest in salt treated soy bean (N 83.56). It can be concluded that cooked soy bean was more efficient in enhancing growth performance of broiler chickens with concomitant reduction in feed cost.
{"title":"Growth performance and economics of broiler chickens production fed full fat soy bean as affected by different processing","authors":"L. M. Egbo, U. Doma, A. Maidala","doi":"10.31248/JASVM2018.123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31248/JASVM2018.123","url":null,"abstract":"An experiment was conducted to evaluate the performance and economics of broiler chickens production fed diets containing differently processed full fat soy bean. Five diets were formulated in which differently processed full fat soy bean containing sprouted, salt treated, cooked and roasted with raw soy bean as control. Two hundred and fifty (250) Anak 2000 broiler chicks were randomly allotted to five dietary treatments replicated five times in a randomized completely block design. Results showed that daily feed intake, daily weight gain, feed conversion ratio and feed efficiency ratio were significantly (p<0.05) affected by the different processing methods at starter, finisher and overall phases by the different processing methods. The feed cost (N/kg gain) was lower in cooked soy bean (N66.08) and highest in salt treated soy bean (N 83.56). It can be concluded that cooked soy bean was more efficient in enhancing growth performance of broiler chickens with concomitant reduction in feed cost.","PeriodicalId":383871,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine","volume":"136 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116350640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present study was conducted from November 2014 to April 2015 in and around Bishoftu town to determine causes, associated risk factors and owner's response to causes of lameness for lame donkeys presented to Donkey Health and Welfare Project Clinic. Accordingly, 325 lame donkeys were purposively selected for this study. Questionnaire survey and physical examination were employed as study design. Results of 325 donkey owners interviewed revealed that various causes of lameness. Among these interviewed 222 and 221 respondents has better knowledge about the lameness caused by hyena bites and various wounds respectively, whereas 2, 8 and 41 respondents have information about varies diseases, solar penetration and overloading as a causes of lameness respectively. The current study includes 2 young and 323 adult donkeys. Out of the 325 lame donkeys, 179 were females and the remaining 146 were males. Upon physical examination of all donkeys taken into study, seventeen types of musculoskeletal abnormalities were identified, among these, higher frequency of foreign material in hoof, crackling and hoof overgrowth with 293, 245 and 208 cases respectively. Low frequency of hygroma (3) and bone fracture (8) were also observed. Grade analysis of lame donkeys revealed 3 (0.92%) mild cases, 84 (25.85%) moderate, 234 (72.92%) severe and 1 (0.31%) non-weight bearing cases. Grade three was most frequently observed which appeared in one out of two cases of lameness. The average grade of lameness was 2.72 ± 0.47. There was no statistically significant difference (P>0.05) between the two sexes, body condition scores and age of animals regarding identified abnormalities and grade of lameness. However, the high number of donkeys which had lameness (79.08%) were found with poor body condition scores. Lameness was seen on both front and hind limbs but majority (97.23%) was unilateral type, of which 60% was presented with front limb while 37.5% was with hind limb. Significant difference was observed between front and hind limbs (P<0.05) for occurrence of lameness. Poor husbandry practices and lack of knowledge or information on causes of lameness among owners remain the factor for occurrence and severe grade of lameness.
{"title":"Identification of causes and associated risk factors for lameness in working donkeys in and around Bishoftu","authors":"Asmamaw Kassaye, Alemayehu Fanta and, B. Endebu, Abayneh Alemu, Zerehun Asefa, Dejene Tadesse, Chala Chaburte","doi":"10.31248/JASVM2018.089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31248/JASVM2018.089","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was conducted from November 2014 to April 2015 in and around Bishoftu town to determine causes, associated risk factors and owner's response to causes of lameness for lame donkeys presented to Donkey Health and Welfare Project Clinic. Accordingly, 325 lame donkeys were purposively selected for this study. Questionnaire survey and physical examination were employed as study design. Results of 325 donkey owners interviewed revealed that various causes of lameness. Among these interviewed 222 and 221 respondents has better knowledge about the lameness caused by hyena bites and various wounds respectively, whereas 2, 8 and 41 respondents have information about varies diseases, solar penetration and overloading as a causes of lameness respectively. The current study includes 2 young and 323 adult donkeys. Out of the 325 lame donkeys, 179 were females and the remaining 146 were males. Upon physical examination of all donkeys taken into study, seventeen types of musculoskeletal abnormalities were identified, among these, higher frequency of foreign material in hoof, crackling and hoof overgrowth with 293, 245 and 208 cases respectively. Low frequency of hygroma (3) and bone fracture (8) were also observed. Grade analysis of lame donkeys revealed 3 (0.92%) mild cases, 84 (25.85%) moderate, 234 (72.92%) severe and 1 (0.31%) non-weight bearing cases. Grade three was most frequently observed which appeared in one out of two cases of lameness. The average grade of lameness was 2.72 ± 0.47. There was no statistically significant difference (P>0.05) between the two sexes, body condition scores and age of animals regarding identified abnormalities and grade of lameness. However, the high number of donkeys which had lameness (79.08%) were found with poor body condition scores. Lameness was seen on both front and hind limbs but majority (97.23%) was unilateral type, of which 60% was presented with front limb while 37.5% was with hind limb. Significant difference was observed between front and hind limbs (P<0.05) for occurrence of lameness. Poor husbandry practices and lack of knowledge or information on causes of lameness among owners remain the factor for occurrence and severe grade of lameness.","PeriodicalId":383871,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128041990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This research is based on parasitic helminthes of laying birds conducted in July 2018 in the Department of Animal Science, Akwa Ibom State University, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. This work aimed at identifying the types of worm parasites that may be found in laying birds (poultry) farms and to determine their prevalent rates in layers together with the percentage infestation of these worm parasites in Abak Local Government Area. A total of 270 sterile samples were collected randomly from 10 farms in 3 weeks at Abak Local government Area. These sterile samples were transported immediately for analysis in the laboratory using floatation method with saturated salt solution. With the aid of x10 microscope, it was discovered that out of the 270 (or 100%) samples examined for helminthes only two types of nematodes were identified. A sum total of 196 (or 73%) nematode eggs were found and a total of 113 (or 42%) Ascardia gallinarum eggs were tested positive and 83 (or 31%) Heterakis gallinarum were tested positive while a total of 74 (or 27%) fecal sample tested negative. The high prevalence of gastrointestinal helminthes as observed in this area has a strong relationship with their mode of feeding and living conditions which lead to reduced body weight, decreased egg production and deaths thus affecting the meat quality and nutrient content of the chicken. Laying birds should be dewormed every three months and high level of hygiene should be maintained in the farm. It was concluded that there is a high prevalence of helminthes in Abak Local government Area in laying birds, which may lead to high losses. Thus, improved farm management and disease control to enhance their potentials is necessary.
{"title":"A survey of the incidence of worm parasites in laying chickens in Abak Local Government Area, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria","authors":"E. Henry, E. Offiong, P. Johnson","doi":"10.31248/JASVM2018.119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31248/JASVM2018.119","url":null,"abstract":"This research is based on parasitic helminthes of laying birds conducted in July 2018 in the Department of Animal Science, Akwa Ibom State University, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. This work aimed at identifying the types of worm parasites that may be found in laying birds (poultry) farms and to determine their prevalent rates in layers together with the percentage infestation of these worm parasites in Abak Local Government Area. A total of 270 sterile samples were collected randomly from 10 farms in 3 weeks at Abak Local government Area. These sterile samples were transported immediately for analysis in the laboratory using floatation method with saturated salt solution. With the aid of x10 microscope, it was discovered that out of the 270 (or 100%) samples examined for helminthes only two types of nematodes were identified. A sum total of 196 (or 73%) nematode eggs were found and a total of 113 (or 42%) Ascardia gallinarum eggs were tested positive and 83 (or 31%) Heterakis gallinarum were tested positive while a total of 74 (or 27%) fecal sample tested negative. The high prevalence of gastrointestinal helminthes as observed in this area has a strong relationship with their mode of feeding and living conditions which lead to reduced body weight, decreased egg production and deaths thus affecting the meat quality and nutrient content of the chicken. Laying birds should be dewormed every three months and high level of hygiene should be maintained in the farm. It was concluded that there is a high prevalence of helminthes in Abak Local government Area in laying birds, which may lead to high losses. Thus, improved farm management and disease control to enhance their potentials is necessary.","PeriodicalId":383871,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131371413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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