A. Al-Galil, A. Akraiem, Abubaker Zaid, A. Arhaiem, M. Khaled
The present study was conducted on 32 cattle suffering from rumen impaction caused by plastic material as foreign body, admitted to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Omar Al-Mukhtar, Libya, during the period from 2008 to 2018. 15 clinically healthy cows were included and considered as control for rumen impaction. For each case, history, age, results of clinical examination and laboratory findings were recorded and analyzed. The results obtained from clinical findings showed that affected cattle had significantly (p 0.05) in the mean values of rectal temperature, heart rate and the respiratory rate between the affected cattle and healthy cows. There was significant (p<0.05) increase of PCV%, total protein and urea in cattle with rumen impaction compared to the control group. Whereas, there was a significant (p<0.05) decrease in mean values of potassium and calcium in cattle with rumen impaction compared to the control group. The mean values of RBC, Hb, WBC, sodium, phosphorus and bilirubin were not significantly different between the cattle with rumen impaction and healthy cattle. There was no significant difference in mean value of glutaraldehyde test between both groups. Among the clinical, hematological and biochemical findings, impaired general condition, reduced appetite, reduction of rumen motility, reduction of rumination, recurrent ruminal tympany, reduction time of methylene blue, alkaline pH of rumen content, a slight degree of dehydration, hypocalcaemia and hypokalemia are the most efficient in the characterization of the rumen impaction in cattle. Hematological findings revealed a limited diagnostic value in rumen impaction. It is suggested that ruminal fluid and biochemical analysis could be useful in diagnosis of rumen impaction with non-metallic foreign body.
{"title":"Clinical, hematological and biochemical findings in cattle suffering from rumen impaction in Libya","authors":"A. Al-Galil, A. Akraiem, Abubaker Zaid, A. Arhaiem, M. Khaled","doi":"10.31248/JASVM2020.229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31248/JASVM2020.229","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was conducted on 32 cattle suffering from rumen impaction caused by plastic material as foreign body, admitted to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Omar Al-Mukhtar, Libya, during the period from 2008 to 2018. 15 clinically healthy cows were included and considered as control for rumen impaction. For each case, history, age, results of clinical examination and laboratory findings were recorded and analyzed. The results obtained from clinical findings showed that affected cattle had significantly (p 0.05) in the mean values of rectal temperature, heart rate and the respiratory rate between the affected cattle and healthy cows. There was significant (p<0.05) increase of PCV%, total protein and urea in cattle with rumen impaction compared to the control group. Whereas, there was a significant (p<0.05) decrease in mean values of potassium and calcium in cattle with rumen impaction compared to the control group. The mean values of RBC, Hb, WBC, sodium, phosphorus and bilirubin were not significantly different between the cattle with rumen impaction and healthy cattle. There was no significant difference in mean value of glutaraldehyde test between both groups. Among the clinical, hematological and biochemical findings, impaired general condition, reduced appetite, reduction of rumen motility, reduction of rumination, recurrent ruminal tympany, reduction time of methylene blue, alkaline pH of rumen content, a slight degree of dehydration, hypocalcaemia and hypokalemia are the most efficient in the characterization of the rumen impaction in cattle. Hematological findings revealed a limited diagnostic value in rumen impaction. It is suggested that ruminal fluid and biochemical analysis could be useful in diagnosis of rumen impaction with non-metallic foreign body.","PeriodicalId":383871,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123679428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. A. Mustapha-Olosho, O. Omotosho, A. Agboola, B. Omidiwura
This study was carried out to investigate the effect of Carica papaya (CP) and Chromolaena odorata (CO) on growth performance, blood profile, gut integrity of broiler chicken. In a 42-day study, 200 one-day old Arbor Acre broilers were weighed and randomly allotted to 5 dietary treatments with 5 replicates having 8 birds in each group. The treatments were basal diet (negative control, NC), NC + 0.05% antibiotics (positive control, PC), NC + 3% CP, NC + 3% CO and NC + 1.5% CP + 1.5% CO in a completely randomised design. The growth performance indices were measured. On day 42, blood samples were collected, gut microbial population and histopathology were assayed following standard procedure. Results showed that average daily weight gain (g/bird/day) of birds on NC, PC and combination of 1.5% CP + 1.5% CO leaf meals were significantly similar at the finisher phase. The feed intake of birds on NC and PC was higher than those on 3% CO and combination of 1.5% CP + 1.5% CO leaf meals. The dietary treatment had effect on feed conversion ratio in the finisher phase. The highest total Lactobacillus count was observed in 3% CO leaf meal diet, while the antibiotics diet (PC) had the highest Escherichia coli count, and the lowest total Escherichia coli count (3.28 cfu x105) was recorded for birds on combination of 1.5% CP + 1.5% CO leaf meals. The histopathology of the gut shows that only those fed 3% CP had eroded villi of the mucosa layer, while all other treatments show normal mucosa layer, moderate inflammatory infiltration of the gland and lamina propia except those fed combinations of 1.5% CP + 1.5% CO. Conclusively, the combination of the leaf meals at 1.5% inclusion in broiler diet had positive effect on beneficial gut microbial population.
{"title":"Influence of diets supplemented with Carica papaya and Chromolaena odorata leaf meals on performance, blood profile and gut integrity of broiler chickens","authors":"J. A. Mustapha-Olosho, O. Omotosho, A. Agboola, B. Omidiwura","doi":"10.31248/JASVM2020.220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31248/JASVM2020.220","url":null,"abstract":"This study was carried out to investigate the effect of Carica papaya (CP) and Chromolaena odorata (CO) on growth performance, blood profile, gut integrity of broiler chicken. In a 42-day study, 200 one-day old Arbor Acre broilers were weighed and randomly allotted to 5 dietary treatments with 5 replicates having 8 birds in each group. The treatments were basal diet (negative control, NC), NC + 0.05% antibiotics (positive control, PC), NC + 3% CP, NC + 3% CO and NC + 1.5% CP + 1.5% CO in a completely randomised design. The growth performance indices were measured. On day 42, blood samples were collected, gut microbial population and histopathology were assayed following standard procedure. Results showed that average daily weight gain (g/bird/day) of birds on NC, PC and combination of 1.5% CP + 1.5% CO leaf meals were significantly similar at the finisher phase. The feed intake of birds on NC and PC was higher than those on 3% CO and combination of 1.5% CP + 1.5% CO leaf meals. The dietary treatment had effect on feed conversion ratio in the finisher phase. The highest total Lactobacillus count was observed in 3% CO leaf meal diet, while the antibiotics diet (PC) had the highest Escherichia coli count, and the lowest total Escherichia coli count (3.28 cfu x105) was recorded for birds on combination of 1.5% CP + 1.5% CO leaf meals. The histopathology of the gut shows that only those fed 3% CP had eroded villi of the mucosa layer, while all other treatments show normal mucosa layer, moderate inflammatory infiltration of the gland and lamina propia except those fed combinations of 1.5% CP + 1.5% CO. Conclusively, the combination of the leaf meals at 1.5% inclusion in broiler diet had positive effect on beneficial gut microbial population.","PeriodicalId":383871,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134259430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study was carried out to evaluate the supplementation of xylanase and glucanase on growth performance and blood profile of Yankasa yearling rams fed crop residue. The study was designed in a 4×4 Latin square design with 4 yearling rams to measure feed intake, weight gain, feed conversion ratio, and some blood parameters. Four dietary treatments were fed, with T1 as the control ration without enzyme combination. T2, T3, and T4 contained 50:50, 75:25, and 25:75 xylanase: glucanase combination, respectively. The result of the study showed that no significant (p>0.05) effect was observed across treatments for all growth parameters while for blood profile, a significant (p<0.05) effect exists. Values for haematological characteristics show significant (p<0.05) differences across treatments for all parameters measured except for haemoglobin. Packed cell volume value was higher for T2 (33.00%), red blood cells values were higher for both T2 (5.63 ×10¹²/L) and T3 (5.63 ×10¹²/L) and white blood cells values were higher for both T3 (25.35 ×10⁹/L) and T1 (24.00 ×10⁹/L). Significant differences (p<0.05) were observed for blood urea (3.58, 3.45 and 3.03 mmol/L) to be higher for T3, T1, and T2 respectively while creatinine (110.28 and 107.80 µmol/L) were observed to be higher for T4 and T3 respectively. It was therefore concluded that supplementation with or without enzyme combination may not affect growth performance without any health hazard on serology.
{"title":"Xylanase and glucanase supplementation on growth performance and blood profile of Yankasa rams fed crop residues","authors":"Bege Abbo Eli, Manaram Joel, J. Millam","doi":"10.31248/JASVM2020.232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31248/JASVM2020.232","url":null,"abstract":"The study was carried out to evaluate the supplementation of xylanase and glucanase on growth performance and blood profile of Yankasa yearling rams fed crop residue. The study was designed in a 4×4 Latin square design with 4 yearling rams to measure feed intake, weight gain, feed conversion ratio, and some blood parameters. Four dietary treatments were fed, with T1 as the control ration without enzyme combination. T2, T3, and T4 contained 50:50, 75:25, and 25:75 xylanase: glucanase combination, respectively. The result of the study showed that no significant (p>0.05) effect was observed across treatments for all growth parameters while for blood profile, a significant (p<0.05) effect exists. Values for haematological characteristics show significant (p<0.05) differences across treatments for all parameters measured except for haemoglobin. Packed cell volume value was higher for T2 (33.00%), red blood cells values were higher for both T2 (5.63 ×10¹²/L) and T3 (5.63 ×10¹²/L) and white blood cells values were higher for both T3 (25.35 ×10⁹/L) and T1 (24.00 ×10⁹/L). Significant differences (p<0.05) were observed for blood urea (3.58, 3.45 and 3.03 mmol/L) to be higher for T3, T1, and T2 respectively while creatinine (110.28 and 107.80 µmol/L) were observed to be higher for T4 and T3 respectively. It was therefore concluded that supplementation with or without enzyme combination may not affect growth performance without any health hazard on serology.","PeriodicalId":383871,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine","volume":"2020 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134062970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tra Yves Bénarèce Dje Bi, D. Soro, M. N. Bleyere, S. Kouassi
The study was carried at the ISMOREL farm of Adiake in Cote d’Ivoire to determine the effect of feed’s grain size (the granulometry) on haematological parameters of Japanese quail according to the age. Fourteen (14) days old quails were distributed in metallic cages into 5 sub-groups of 5 quails each, according to the type and the food granulometry. From 2 types of food (grower diet and layer diet), 5 different food types by their granulometry were developed. LD 100, LD 50 and LD 75 were developed for the layer diet, then GD 100 and GD 50 for the grower diet. Twenty-five quails on the whole were used in this study. Blood samples were taken on the 10, 28, 42 and 56th day of age in order to perform blood count of each animal. The results showed a significant impact (p < 0.05) of the feed granulometry on the white blood cells parameters. At weeks 4 and 6, a very highly significant increase (p < 0.001) in white blood cells as a whole was observed. The best value for this parameter was obtained in the LD 50 sub-group. At week 8, the best value was obtained in LD 100 for this same parameter. However, despite variations observed in the red blood cells, no influence of food granulometry on these parameters was noted.
{"title":"Effect of feed granulometry on haematological parameters of Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) at different stages of growth in Cte dIvoire","authors":"Tra Yves Bénarèce Dje Bi, D. Soro, M. N. Bleyere, S. Kouassi","doi":"10.31248/JASVM2020.218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31248/JASVM2020.218","url":null,"abstract":"The study was carried at the ISMOREL farm of Adiake in Cote d’Ivoire to determine the effect of feed’s grain size (the granulometry) on haematological parameters of Japanese quail according to the age. Fourteen (14) days old quails were distributed in metallic cages into 5 sub-groups of 5 quails each, according to the type and the food granulometry. From 2 types of food (grower diet and layer diet), 5 different food types by their granulometry were developed. LD 100, LD 50 and LD 75 were developed for the layer diet, then GD 100 and GD 50 for the grower diet. Twenty-five quails on the whole were used in this study. Blood samples were taken on the 10, 28, 42 and 56th day of age in order to perform blood count of each animal. The results showed a significant impact (p < 0.05) of the feed granulometry on the white blood cells parameters. At weeks 4 and 6, a very highly significant increase (p < 0.001) in white blood cells as a whole was observed. The best value for this parameter was obtained in the LD 50 sub-group. At week 8, the best value was obtained in LD 100 for this same parameter. However, despite variations observed in the red blood cells, no influence of food granulometry on these parameters was noted.","PeriodicalId":383871,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133869020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Akraiem, H. A. Elghany, A. Arhaiem, Abubaker Zaid
This study was aimed to evaluate the clinical, hematological and biochemical parameters in goats with clinical and subclinical pregnancy toxemia. A total of 63 pregnant goats were included in this study. On the basis of clinical examination and assessment of β-hydroxy butyric acid concentration (BHBA) does were classified into three groups. group A: Consist of 20 healthy pregnant goats, used as control. Group B: consist of 28 does with subclinical pregnancy toxemia (SCPT). Group C: consist of 15 does with clinical pregnancy toxemia (CPT). For each case, history, age, breed, number of fetus, results of clinical examination and hematobiochemical findings were recorded and analyzed. Clinical examination in clinical pregnancy toxemic goats revealed anorexia, depression, dullness, dyspnea, weakness, dropped head, lateral recumbency, acetone smell from the mouth, grinding of teeth and neurologic signs. Hemato biochemical analysis revealed a significant increase of PCV%, BHBA, ALT, AST, urea and creatinine in clinical pregnancy toxemic goats, while there was significant decrease of serum glucose, total protein, albumin, globulin, sodium, potassium and calcium. Does with subclinical pregnancy toxemia showed significantly lower serum glucose, total protein and calcium, whereas a marked increase in PCV%, urea and BHBA. The results revealed that the caprine pregnancy toxemia have severe impacts on several clinical and biochemical parameters. In order to prevent the economic loss due to pregnancy toxemia, measuring blood metabolites can be potentially useful tool for routine monitoring of subclinical pregnancy toxemia in late pregnant goats.
{"title":"Evaluation of clinical, hematological and biochemical parameters in goats with subclinical and clinical pregnancy toxemia in Libya","authors":"A. Akraiem, H. A. Elghany, A. Arhaiem, Abubaker Zaid","doi":"10.31248/JASVM2020.231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31248/JASVM2020.231","url":null,"abstract":"This study was aimed to evaluate the clinical, hematological and biochemical parameters in goats with clinical and subclinical pregnancy toxemia. A total of 63 pregnant goats were included in this study. On the basis of clinical examination and assessment of β-hydroxy butyric acid concentration (BHBA) does were classified into three groups. group A: Consist of 20 healthy pregnant goats, used as control. Group B: consist of 28 does with subclinical pregnancy toxemia (SCPT). Group C: consist of 15 does with clinical pregnancy toxemia (CPT). For each case, history, age, breed, number of fetus, results of clinical examination and hematobiochemical findings were recorded and analyzed. Clinical examination in clinical pregnancy toxemic goats revealed anorexia, depression, dullness, dyspnea, weakness, dropped head, lateral recumbency, acetone smell from the mouth, grinding of teeth and neurologic signs. Hemato biochemical analysis revealed a significant increase of PCV%, BHBA, ALT, AST, urea and creatinine in clinical pregnancy toxemic goats, while there was significant decrease of serum glucose, total protein, albumin, globulin, sodium, potassium and calcium. Does with subclinical pregnancy toxemia showed significantly lower serum glucose, total protein and calcium, whereas a marked increase in PCV%, urea and BHBA. The results revealed that the caprine pregnancy toxemia have severe impacts on several clinical and biochemical parameters. In order to prevent the economic loss due to pregnancy toxemia, measuring blood metabolites can be potentially useful tool for routine monitoring of subclinical pregnancy toxemia in late pregnant goats.","PeriodicalId":383871,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine","volume":"33 6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127470789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tiger nut (Cyperus esculentus) is consumed by humans all over the world. It has also been found to have many medicinal uses, with notable effect on sperm parameters. Cyclophosphamide is an alkylating agent widely used as an anticancer that has been reported to have some toxic effects on sperm parameters. Hence, this study was designed to evaluate the effect of aqueous extract of tiger nut on reproductive parameters of cyclophosphamide treated male Wistar rats. Thirty-six male Wistar rats weighing between 170 and 200 g, aged between 18 and 20 weeks were randomly divided into six groups (five test groups and a control group) of six rats each. The control group received 1 ml of normal saline per animal, while the remaining five groups were orally administered with 2.5 and 5.0 mg/kg doses of cyclophosphamide alone; 2.5 and 5.0 mg/kg doses of cyclophosphamide with 500 mg/kg aqueous extract of Cyperus esculentus, and the aqueous extract (500 mg/kg) alone for 4 weeks. The differences observed for changes in body weight, gonadal volume, sperm motility and sperm livability were not statistically significant (p>0.05), but the sperm count was significantly higher (p<0.05) in the 5 mg/kg cyclophosphamide alone and 2.5 mg cyclophosphamide plus Cyperus esculentus treated groups compared to the control and other groups. Total sperm abnormalities were also significantly higher with cyclophosphamide groups and even control group as compared to aqueous extract of Cyperus esculentus alone. The result of this study shows that aqueous extract of Cyperus esculentus could be used for preserving fertility, as well as to reduce sperm morphological abnormalities that could arise from the use of cyclophosphamide.
{"title":"The effect of aqueous extract of tiger nut on body weight changes, gonadosomatic index and spermiogram of cyclophosphamide treated rats","authors":"O. Abiodun, A. Oladipupo","doi":"10.31248/JASVM2020.215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31248/JASVM2020.215","url":null,"abstract":"Tiger nut (Cyperus esculentus) is consumed by humans all over the world. It has also been found to have many medicinal uses, with notable effect on sperm parameters. Cyclophosphamide is an alkylating agent widely used as an anticancer that has been reported to have some toxic effects on sperm parameters. Hence, this study was designed to evaluate the effect of aqueous extract of tiger nut on reproductive parameters of cyclophosphamide treated male Wistar rats. Thirty-six male Wistar rats weighing between 170 and 200 g, aged between 18 and 20 weeks were randomly divided into six groups (five test groups and a control group) of six rats each. The control group received 1 ml of normal saline per animal, while the remaining five groups were orally administered with 2.5 and 5.0 mg/kg doses of cyclophosphamide alone; 2.5 and 5.0 mg/kg doses of cyclophosphamide with 500 mg/kg aqueous extract of Cyperus esculentus, and the aqueous extract (500 mg/kg) alone for 4 weeks. The differences observed for changes in body weight, gonadal volume, sperm motility and sperm livability were not statistically significant (p>0.05), but the sperm count was significantly higher (p<0.05) in the 5 mg/kg cyclophosphamide alone and 2.5 mg cyclophosphamide plus Cyperus esculentus treated groups compared to the control and other groups. Total sperm abnormalities were also significantly higher with cyclophosphamide groups and even control group as compared to aqueous extract of Cyperus esculentus alone. The result of this study shows that aqueous extract of Cyperus esculentus could be used for preserving fertility, as well as to reduce sperm morphological abnormalities that could arise from the use of cyclophosphamide.","PeriodicalId":383871,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine","volume":"272 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122763873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Degenerative heart valve disease (DHVD) is the most common heart disease in dogs, especially in small breed dogs weighing less than 20 kg. The incidence in dogs over 13 years old is as high as 85%, and more than 75% of these dogs have mitral valve problems. The valve, which includes the valve leaflet, chordae, and annulus, is mutinously degenerated due to the accumulation of abnormal collagen tissue and glycosaminoglycan, and nodules are formed at the edge of the valve as the disease progresses, eventually resulting in valve insufficiency. To improve the regular treatment of DHVD, especially medication, the natural supplements fucoidan and fucoxanthin were used in this case report. Four small-breed dogs were diagnosed with heart valve disease in the Yukang Veterinary Hospital, and the veterinarian used fucoidan and fucoxanthin as nutritional supplements for the adjuvant treatment of heart valve disease. In the first three cases, it was found that the cardiac function index, including the LA/Ao ratio, significantly improved after 3 to 6 months of continuous administration. Additionally, in the case of American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine (ACVIM) heart grading below Stage B2 after treatment, valve hypertrophy improved, thinned, and flattened, which either reduced the reflux condition caused by valve insufficiency or restored the complete valve closure function. However, in Case 4, the cardiac function index was not improved after 3 to 6 months of continuous administration without the supplement. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first documented clinical study showing that fucoidan and fucoxanthin can improve DHVD in different kinds of dogs. #These authors contributed equally to this work.
{"title":"Four case reports: Effects of fucoidan and fucoxanthin on the treatment of degenerative heart valve disease in dogs","authors":"Chih-Hung Tsai, Hsin-Yuan Chen, S. Hsia","doi":"10.31248/JASVM2020.212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31248/JASVM2020.212","url":null,"abstract":"Degenerative heart valve disease (DHVD) is the most common heart disease in dogs, especially in small breed dogs weighing less than 20 kg. The incidence in dogs over 13 years old is as high as 85%, and more than 75% of these dogs have mitral valve problems. The valve, which includes the valve leaflet, chordae, and annulus, is mutinously degenerated due to the accumulation of abnormal collagen tissue and glycosaminoglycan, and nodules are formed at the edge of the valve as the disease progresses, eventually resulting in valve insufficiency. To improve the regular treatment of DHVD, especially medication, the natural supplements fucoidan and fucoxanthin were used in this case report. Four small-breed dogs were diagnosed with heart valve disease in the Yukang Veterinary Hospital, and the veterinarian used fucoidan and fucoxanthin as nutritional supplements for the adjuvant treatment of heart valve disease. In the first three cases, it was found that the cardiac function index, including the LA/Ao ratio, significantly improved after 3 to 6 months of continuous administration. Additionally, in the case of American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine (ACVIM) heart grading below Stage B2 after treatment, valve hypertrophy improved, thinned, and flattened, which either reduced the reflux condition caused by valve insufficiency or restored the complete valve closure function. However, in Case 4, the cardiac function index was not improved after 3 to 6 months of continuous administration without the supplement. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first documented clinical study showing that fucoidan and fucoxanthin can improve DHVD in different kinds of dogs. \u0000 \u0000#These authors contributed equally to this work.","PeriodicalId":383871,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116603495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study was conducted to evaluate reproductive, growth and carcass traits of two breeds of rabbit and their reciprocal crosses. Two purebred Chinchilla (CHA) and New Zealand White (NZW) and their reciprocal crossing; CHA sire x NZW dam (CHA x NZW) and NZW sire x CHA dam (NZW X CHA) were used in the study. Four genotypes “CHA x CHA, NZW x NZW, CHA x NZW and NZW x CHA” were generated to obtain one hundred and twenty-six (126) kittens. The growth traits studied was body weight (BWT) while reproductive traits studied were gestation length (GL), litter size at birth (LSB), litter size at weaning (LSW), average birth weight (ABWT), average weaning weight (AWWT) and percent mortality (% mortality). The carcass traits evaluated were dressed weight, dressing percentage, weights of liver, heart, lungs, kidney, foreleg, thoracic, loin, hind leg and skin. The data obtained were subjected to analysis of variance and significant means were separated using Duncan new multiple range test. The results indicated that genetic group had significant (p<0.05) influenced on growth, reproductive and carcass traits performances evaluated. The NZW x CHA genetic group had significantly (p<0.05) heavier body weight than the other three genetic groups CHA x CHA, NZW x NZW and CHA x NZW in both the pre-weaning and post-weaning phases of growth. Similar trends were observed for reproductive and some carcass (dress weight, fore leg, thoracic, loin, hind leg and skin) trait performances; the NZW x CH genetic group was superior to every other group. However, percentage mortality was highest in NZW x NZW (50.28±5.78) and lowest in NZW x CHA (5.71±8.69). It was concluded that NZW x CHA had the best performance in most of the traits measured (growth, reproductive and carcass traits) in the study area and therefore using NZW males to cross with CHA females is recommended in the study area to produce rabbits with better performances in term of reproduction, growth and carcass.
对两个品种的家兔及其正交的繁殖、生长和胴体性状进行了评价。两种纯种金鼠(CHA)与新西兰白鼠(NZW)及其互交研究采用CHA x NZW坝(CHA x NZW)和NZW坝x CHA坝(NZW x CHA)。产生4种基因型“CHA x CHA、NZW x NZW、CHA x NZW和NZW x CHA”，共获得126只小猫。研究的生长性状为体重(BWT)，生殖性状为妊娠期长(GL)、初生窝数(LSB)、断奶窝数(LSW)、平均初生重(ABWT)、平均断奶重(AWWT)和死亡率(% mortality)。评价胴体性状为屠宰重、屠宰率、肝、心、肺、肾、前腿、胸、腰、后腿和皮肤重量。所得数据进行方差分析，采用Duncan新多元极差检验分离显著性均值。结果表明，遗传组对肉鸡生长、繁殖和胴体性能均有显著影响(p<0.05)。在断奶前和断奶后的生长阶段，NZW × CHA遗传组的体重显著(p<0.05)高于CHA × CHA、NZW × NZW和CHA × NZW 3个遗传组。繁殖和某些胴体性状(净重、前腿、胸、腰、后腿和皮肤)性能也有类似趋势;NZW × CH遗传组优于其他各组。NZW × NZW组死亡率最高(50.28±5.78)，NZW × CHA组死亡率最低(5.71±8.69)。综上所述，研究区NZW × CHA在大部分测定性状(生长、繁殖和胴体性状)上的性能最好，因此建议在研究区使用NZW公兔与CHA母兔杂交，以获得更好的繁殖、生长和胴体性能。
{"title":"Reproductive, growth and carcass performance of two breeds of rabbit and their reciprocal crosses in the south-south zone of Nigeria","authors":"I. Meme, Ekpo, Joseph Sylvester, Emem Iboro","doi":"10.31248/JASVM2020.210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31248/JASVM2020.210","url":null,"abstract":"The study was conducted to evaluate reproductive, growth and carcass traits of two breeds of rabbit and their reciprocal crosses. Two purebred Chinchilla (CHA) and New Zealand White (NZW) and their reciprocal crossing; CHA sire x NZW dam (CHA x NZW) and NZW sire x CHA dam (NZW X CHA) were used in the study. Four genotypes “CHA x CHA, NZW x NZW, CHA x NZW and NZW x CHA” were generated to obtain one hundred and twenty-six (126) kittens. The growth traits studied was body weight (BWT) while reproductive traits studied were gestation length (GL), litter size at birth (LSB), litter size at weaning (LSW), average birth weight (ABWT), average weaning weight (AWWT) and percent mortality (% mortality). The carcass traits evaluated were dressed weight, dressing percentage, weights of liver, heart, lungs, kidney, foreleg, thoracic, loin, hind leg and skin. The data obtained were subjected to analysis of variance and significant means were separated using Duncan new multiple range test. The results indicated that genetic group had significant (p<0.05) influenced on growth, reproductive and carcass traits performances evaluated. The NZW x CHA genetic group had significantly (p<0.05) heavier body weight than the other three genetic groups CHA x CHA, NZW x NZW and CHA x NZW in both the pre-weaning and post-weaning phases of growth. Similar trends were observed for reproductive and some carcass (dress weight, fore leg, thoracic, loin, hind leg and skin) trait performances; the NZW x CH genetic group was superior to every other group. However, percentage mortality was highest in NZW x NZW (50.28±5.78) and lowest in NZW x CHA (5.71±8.69). It was concluded that NZW x CHA had the best performance in most of the traits measured (growth, reproductive and carcass traits) in the study area and therefore using NZW males to cross with CHA females is recommended in the study area to produce rabbits with better performances in term of reproduction, growth and carcass.","PeriodicalId":383871,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129620969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The prolific rate of rodents in the University of Ibadan is becoming alarming and thus there is need to investigate their perception of rodents as pests by the people residing within the University premises. The study design employed was descriptive and data was collected using self-structured research questionnaires. A total of One hundred and twenty (120) questionnaires were administered and retrieved from the respondents. The results of the findings showed that majority of the respondents 96(80%) were aware of the rodents’ presence on campus. Ninety eight (81.7%) of the respondents had knowledge of rodents as pests while 50 (41.7%) respondents perceived food materials as what are mostly damaged by rodents. Fifty five (45.9%) respondents indicated that the extent of rodents damage to their belongings was serious while 45 (38.3%) reported it to be insignificant. Use of rodenticides was the method mostly adopted by 66 (55%) respondents to reduce rodent damage followed by setting of traps by 37 (30.8%). There was no significant difference between the methods employed to reduce rodent damage (p˃0.05) by the respondents. It can be concluded that rodents are recognized as pests that cause damage to human belongings in the study area and methods of control perceived to be mostly used to reduce rodent damage are the use of rodenticides and setting of traps.
{"title":"Peoples perception of rodents as pest and their control in Ibadan, South-western Nigeria: A case study of University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State","authors":"A. A. Adeola, B. H. Ayinde","doi":"10.31248/JASVM2020.217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31248/JASVM2020.217","url":null,"abstract":"The prolific rate of rodents in the University of Ibadan is becoming alarming and thus there is need to investigate their perception of rodents as pests by the people residing within the University premises. The study design employed was descriptive and data was collected using self-structured research questionnaires. A total of One hundred and twenty (120) questionnaires were administered and retrieved from the respondents. The results of the findings showed that majority of the respondents 96(80%) were aware of the rodents’ presence on campus. Ninety eight (81.7%) of the respondents had knowledge of rodents as pests while 50 (41.7%) respondents perceived food materials as what are mostly damaged by rodents. Fifty five (45.9%) respondents indicated that the extent of rodents damage to their belongings was serious while 45 (38.3%) reported it to be insignificant. Use of rodenticides was the method mostly adopted by 66 (55%) respondents to reduce rodent damage followed by setting of traps by 37 (30.8%). There was no significant difference between the methods employed to reduce rodent damage (p˃0.05) by the respondents. It can be concluded that rodents are recognized as pests that cause damage to human belongings in the study area and methods of control perceived to be mostly used to reduce rodent damage are the use of rodenticides and setting of traps.","PeriodicalId":383871,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115115917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The increase in mortality/loss of native chickens in the rural areas of Sierra Leone is posing a serious threat to the traditional chicken industry. Poultry farmers loss many chickens annually which hugely undercut their livelihood and social status. This research was therefore conducted to investigate the main causes of native chicken mortality/loss, control strategies and how it influences the livelihood of farmers in Moyamba district, Sierra Leone. The data was obtained through field survey, personal discussion and observation from randomly selected 300 participants in 6 villages. The findings revealed that 84.3% of the interviewed farmers were female while the overall illiteracy rate of the participants was 72.3%. The average number of the different livestock kept by the farmers were: 7.8 (chicken), 0.3 (duck), 0.6 (sheep), 0.2 (pig) and 3.4 (goat). 45.5% of the mortality/loss recorded from 2017-2018 was said to be caused by predators while 54.5% was caused by diseases/parasites and other factors (2017-2018). 33.0 and 32.0% of the mortality/loss occurred during the late dry and early rainy seasons while 20.0 and 15.0% occurred in the early dry and late rainy seasons respectively. Settlements along the grassland and forested areas reported a high incidence of predators while the river-line areas reported high cases of diseases/parasites. The main predators identified were hawk, red fox and eagle while Newcastle disease and lice were the most serious disease and parasites named respectively. The animal healthcare services are inadequate and therefore, traditional methods of controlling diseases/parasites and predators are widely adopted. The impact of mortality/loss to farmers at household level include low protein intake, loss of income, weak cultural/religious practices, loss of flock, food insecurity, increase in poverty and lack of job. Therefore, there is a need for effective and continuous implementation of disease/parasites control programs in the study areas by strengthening the veterinary and the extension services for better productivity and improved management practices.
{"title":"Investigation of native chicken mortality/loss in the free-range system: Causes, control measures and impact to farmers at the household level, Moyamba District, Southern Sierra Leone","authors":"A. B. Gogra, A. Conteh","doi":"10.31248/JASVM2019.163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31248/JASVM2019.163","url":null,"abstract":"The increase in mortality/loss of native chickens in the rural areas of Sierra Leone is posing a serious threat to the traditional chicken industry. Poultry farmers loss many chickens annually which hugely undercut their livelihood and social status. This research was therefore conducted to investigate the main causes of native chicken mortality/loss, control strategies and how it influences the livelihood of farmers in Moyamba district, Sierra Leone. The data was obtained through field survey, personal discussion and observation from randomly selected 300 participants in 6 villages. The findings revealed that 84.3% of the interviewed farmers were female while the overall illiteracy rate of the participants was 72.3%. The average number of the different livestock kept by the farmers were: 7.8 (chicken), 0.3 (duck), 0.6 (sheep), 0.2 (pig) and 3.4 (goat). 45.5% of the mortality/loss recorded from 2017-2018 was said to be caused by predators while 54.5% was caused by diseases/parasites and other factors (2017-2018). 33.0 and 32.0% of the mortality/loss occurred during the late dry and early rainy seasons while 20.0 and 15.0% occurred in the early dry and late rainy seasons respectively. Settlements along the grassland and forested areas reported a high incidence of predators while the river-line areas reported high cases of diseases/parasites. The main predators identified were hawk, red fox and eagle while Newcastle disease and lice were the most serious disease and parasites named respectively. The animal healthcare services are inadequate and therefore, traditional methods of controlling diseases/parasites and predators are widely adopted. The impact of mortality/loss to farmers at household level include low protein intake, loss of income, weak cultural/religious practices, loss of flock, food insecurity, increase in poverty and lack of job. Therefore, there is a need for effective and continuous implementation of disease/parasites control programs in the study areas by strengthening the veterinary and the extension services for better productivity and improved management practices.","PeriodicalId":383871,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132391920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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