Pub Date : 2020-06-26DOI: 10.22630/pniks.2020.29.2.21
M. Malarski, Marek Kalenik
Bath gray water organoleptically did not appear to be significantly contaminated liquid. However, in order to re-use them, they need proper treatment. When recirculated in a household, they cannot pose a threat to human life. Based on their appearance, it seems that the solution to the problem is the use of cartridges filter. The article presents the results of the filtration of gray water from the bath through the filtration system with a housing double stage polypropylene-carbon filter FCCA-STO and to determine the impact of individual filter layers on wastewater treatment, tests were carried out on a single polypropylene FCPS10 and carbon FCCA filtration cartridge. The aim of the study was to determine the suitability of the selected housing filter cartridges for the treatment of bathing gray water for their reuse. For the tests were used natural bathing gray water from a two-family building inhabited by seven people. Wastewater were fed to the filter with a constant flow rate of 0.1 dm3·s–1. The assessment of the work of the filters based on parameters such as: COD, BOD5, suspension, dry residue, decay and turbidity. The conducted tests have shown a slight improvement in most of the quality parameters of gray water after filtration through selected housing cartridge filters. Only for turbidity, the reduction in the value of the pollution indicator was noticeable. The cartridge fi lters used in tests, acted like ordinary mechanical filtration cartridges. For the considered gray water, the use of analyzed cartridge fi lters can only be used for their initial purifi cation.
{"title":"Purpose of the housing double stage polypropylene-carbon cartridges filters usage in bath gray water treatment","authors":"M. Malarski, Marek Kalenik","doi":"10.22630/pniks.2020.29.2.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22630/pniks.2020.29.2.21","url":null,"abstract":"Bath gray water organoleptically did not appear to be significantly contaminated liquid. However, in order to re-use them, they need proper treatment. When recirculated in a household, they cannot pose a threat to human life. Based on their appearance, it seems that the solution to the problem is the use of cartridges filter. The article presents the results of the filtration of gray water from the bath through the filtration system with a housing double stage polypropylene-carbon filter FCCA-STO and to determine the impact of individual filter layers on wastewater treatment, tests were carried out on a single polypropylene FCPS10 and carbon FCCA filtration cartridge. The aim of the study was to determine the suitability of the selected housing filter cartridges for the treatment of bathing gray water for their reuse. For the tests were used natural bathing gray water from a two-family building inhabited by seven people. Wastewater were fed to the filter with a constant flow rate of 0.1 dm3·s–1. The assessment of the work of the filters based on parameters such as: COD, BOD5, suspension, dry residue, decay and turbidity. The conducted tests have shown a slight improvement in most of the quality parameters of gray water after filtration through selected housing cartridge filters. Only for turbidity, the reduction in the value of the pollution indicator was noticeable. The cartridge fi lters used in tests, acted like ordinary mechanical filtration cartridges. For the considered gray water, the use of analyzed cartridge fi lters can only be used for their initial purifi cation.","PeriodicalId":38397,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Review Engineering and Environmental Sciences","volume":"11 1","pages":"244-258"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77084198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-03-25DOI: 10.22630/pniks.2020.29.1.10
J. Czerwińska, G. Wielgosiński
All municipal waste incineration plants operating in Poland are discussed and their flue gas treatment systems are described in detail in the article. A comparison of performance indicators, i.e. the amount of raw materials consumed particularly in flue gas treatment systems, is presented. The article also summarizes the results of emission measurements for eight incineration plants in the years 2016–2019.
{"title":"Functioning of the flue gas treatment system in Polish municipal waste incineration plants","authors":"J. Czerwińska, G. Wielgosiński","doi":"10.22630/pniks.2020.29.1.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22630/pniks.2020.29.1.10","url":null,"abstract":"All municipal waste incineration plants operating in Poland are discussed and their flue gas treatment systems are described in detail in the article. A comparison of performance indicators, i.e. the amount of raw materials consumed particularly in flue gas treatment systems, is presented. The article also summarizes the results of emission measurements for eight incineration plants in the years 2016–2019.","PeriodicalId":38397,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Review Engineering and Environmental Sciences","volume":"27 3-4","pages":"108-119"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72599201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-03-25DOI: 10.22630/pniks.2020.29.1.1
J. Rajab, Ali Al-Salihi, Ahmed S. Hassan, Jasim H. Kadhum, Hwee San Lim
Tropospheric nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is a trace gas with important impact on atmospheric chemistry, human health and a key pollutant in particular cities, measured from space since the mid-1990s by the GOME, SCIAMACHY, OMI, and GOME-2 instruments. This study present ten years (monthly and yearly averaged) dataset from Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) used to investigate tropospheric NO2 characteristics and variations over Iraq during 2005–2014. Annual NO2 shows an elevation from the northern to the southern and highest values was at central parts of Iraq. Monthly distributions revels higher values NO2 in winter and summer than spring and autumn seasons, and rising NO2 throughout study period over industrial and crowded urban zones. The trend analysis over Baghdad shows a linear growth rate 9.8% per year with an annual average (5.6·1015 molecules per 1 cm2). The air mass trajectory analysis as hotspot regions shows seasonal fluctuations between winter and summer seasons depend on weather conditions and topography. The increased NO2 values in winter are due to anthropogenic emissions and subsequent plumes from Europe. In addition, in summer because of hot weather and large paddy fields emissions. The lowest NO2 value was at monsoon period mostly linked to the rains. The OMI data and satellite information are able to observe the troposphere NO2 elevation at different regions.
{"title":"Analysis of tropospheric NO2 over Iraq using OMI satellite measurements","authors":"J. Rajab, Ali Al-Salihi, Ahmed S. Hassan, Jasim H. Kadhum, Hwee San Lim","doi":"10.22630/pniks.2020.29.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22630/pniks.2020.29.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"Tropospheric nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is a trace gas with important impact on atmospheric chemistry, human health and a key pollutant in particular cities, measured from space since the mid-1990s by the GOME, SCIAMACHY, OMI, and GOME-2 instruments. This study present ten years (monthly and yearly averaged) dataset from Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) used to investigate tropospheric NO2 characteristics and variations over Iraq during 2005–2014. Annual NO2 shows an elevation from the northern to the southern and highest values was at central parts of Iraq. Monthly distributions revels higher values NO2 in winter and summer than spring and autumn seasons, and rising NO2 throughout study period over industrial and crowded urban zones. The trend analysis over Baghdad shows a linear growth rate 9.8% per year with an annual average (5.6·1015 molecules per 1 cm2). The air mass trajectory analysis as hotspot regions shows seasonal fluctuations between winter and summer seasons depend on weather conditions and topography. The increased NO2 values in winter are due to anthropogenic emissions and subsequent plumes from Europe. In addition, in summer because of hot weather and large paddy fields emissions. The lowest NO2 value was at monsoon period mostly linked to the rains. The OMI data and satellite information are able to observe the troposphere NO2 elevation at different regions.","PeriodicalId":38397,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Review Engineering and Environmental Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68303677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.22630/pniks.2020.29.1.9
S. Sugiono, A. Kusuma, R. Lukodono, S. Nurlaela, A. Wicaksono
Human comfort is affected by both physical and psychological factors. Human requires an optimum environmental condition to work effectively and effi ciently. Bridger (2003) in his book mentioned several things that cause human comfort, for instance: temperature, light emitting, humidity, air circulation, odor, dust, sound and lighting. The microclimatic parameters around the MRT depend on its layout, material, size, air/wind fl ow through the surrounding buildings and quality of the air carried by a moving train. The British standard BS EN ISO 7730:2005 defi nes heat comfort as conditions and situations of the human mind that express his/her satisfaction towards the heat level of the surrounding environment. Heat comfort describes psychological conditions that indicate feeling cold or hot. Heat comfort is subjective and as the result, it is diffi cult to defi ne what “comfortable” is. According to the standard ASHRAE 55-2004, thermal comfort is the level of human perception related in expressing their satisfaction towards the thermal environment and this perception depends upon subjective views. Ponni and Baskar (2015) explained that thermal performance of a building is a description of the process of modeling energy transfer between a building and its environment. The Health and Safety Executive noted that the most suitable indicator of heat comfort is number of individuals Scientifi c Review – Engineering and Environmental Sciences (2020), 29 (1), 93–107 Sci. Rev. Eng. Env. Sci. (2020), 29 (1) Przegląd Naukowy – Inżynieria i Kształtowanie Środowiska (2020), 29 (1), 93–107 Prz. Nauk. Inż. Kszt. Środ. (2020), 29 (1) http://iks.pn.sggw.pl DOI 10.22630/PNIKS.2020.29.1.9
人体舒适度受生理和心理两方面因素的影响。人类需要一个最佳的环境条件来有效和高效地工作。布里杰(2003)在他的书中提到了一些引起人类舒适的事情，例如:温度、发光、湿度、空气循环、气味、灰尘、声音和照明。捷运周围的微气候参数取决于它的布局、材料、大小、通过周围建筑的空气/风的流动以及运行中的列车所携带的空气质量。英国标准BS EN ISO 7730:2005将热舒适定义为人类对周围环境的热水平表示满意的心理状态和情况。热舒适是指感觉冷或热的心理状态。热舒适是主观的，因此很难定义什么是“舒适”。根据ASHRAE 55-2004标准，热舒适是人类对热环境表达满意度的感知水平，这种感知取决于主观观点。Ponni和Baskar(2015)解释说，建筑的热性能是对建筑与其环境之间能量传递建模过程的描述。健康与安全执行局指出，热舒适最合适的指标是个人数量。科学评论-工程与环境科学(2020)，29 (1)，93-107 Sci。启Eng。Env。科学。(2020)， 29 (1) Przegląd Naukowy - Inżynieria i Kształtowanie Środowiska (2020)， 29 (1)， 93-107 Prz。研究。在ż。Kszt。Ś杆。(2020)， 29 (1) http://iks.pn.sggw.pl DOI 10.22630/PNIKS.2020.29.1.9
{"title":"Impact of elevated outdoor MRT station towards passenger thermal comfort: A case study in Jakarta MRT","authors":"S. Sugiono, A. Kusuma, R. Lukodono, S. Nurlaela, A. Wicaksono","doi":"10.22630/pniks.2020.29.1.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22630/pniks.2020.29.1.9","url":null,"abstract":"Human comfort is affected by both physical and psychological factors. Human requires an optimum environmental condition to work effectively and effi ciently. Bridger (2003) in his book mentioned several things that cause human comfort, for instance: temperature, light emitting, humidity, air circulation, odor, dust, sound and lighting. The microclimatic parameters around the MRT depend on its layout, material, size, air/wind fl ow through the surrounding buildings and quality of the air carried by a moving train. The British standard BS EN ISO 7730:2005 defi nes heat comfort as conditions and situations of the human mind that express his/her satisfaction towards the heat level of the surrounding environment. Heat comfort describes psychological conditions that indicate feeling cold or hot. Heat comfort is subjective and as the result, it is diffi cult to defi ne what “comfortable” is. According to the standard ASHRAE 55-2004, thermal comfort is the level of human perception related in expressing their satisfaction towards the thermal environment and this perception depends upon subjective views. Ponni and Baskar (2015) explained that thermal performance of a building is a description of the process of modeling energy transfer between a building and its environment. The Health and Safety Executive noted that the most suitable indicator of heat comfort is number of individuals Scientifi c Review – Engineering and Environmental Sciences (2020), 29 (1), 93–107 Sci. Rev. Eng. Env. Sci. (2020), 29 (1) Przegląd Naukowy – Inżynieria i Kształtowanie Środowiska (2020), 29 (1), 93–107 Prz. Nauk. Inż. Kszt. Środ. (2020), 29 (1) http://iks.pn.sggw.pl DOI 10.22630/PNIKS.2020.29.1.9","PeriodicalId":38397,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Review Engineering and Environmental Sciences","volume":"45 1","pages":"93-107"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73790009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-19DOI: 10.22630/pniks.2019.28.4.54
Ewa Anioł, G. Majewski
Air quality in Poland is determined by a large number of factors. The influence of atmospheric air and meteorological conditions on atmospheric visibility in Poland was examined. The article is based on statistical analysis of meteorological elements parameters (air temperature, relative humidity, precipitation amount, wind speed and direction, and atmospheric pressure) and air pollution concentrations (PM10, SO2, NO2) in 2004–2017. Data was provided from three Polish cities, located in the north, central and south Poland. It was shown that PM10 concentration was the most important parameter affecting visibility in all monitoring stations. Air pollutants NO2 and SO2 have a negative effect on visibility, but to a lesser extent than PM10. The influence of meteorological conditions on the effect of the air humidity on the deterioration of the visibility ratio and the stimulating effect of wind speed on the improvement of visibility conditions has been demonstrated.
{"title":"Długoterminowe trendy widzialności oraz jej cechy charakterystyczne w wybranych regionach Polski","authors":"Ewa Anioł, G. Majewski","doi":"10.22630/pniks.2019.28.4.54","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22630/pniks.2019.28.4.54","url":null,"abstract":"Air quality in Poland is determined by a large number of factors. The influence of atmospheric air and meteorological conditions on atmospheric visibility in Poland was examined. The article is based on statistical analysis of meteorological elements parameters (air temperature, relative humidity, precipitation amount, wind speed and direction, and atmospheric pressure) and air pollution concentrations (PM10, SO2, NO2) in 2004–2017. Data was provided from three Polish cities, located in the north, central and south Poland. It was shown that PM10 concentration was the most important parameter affecting visibility in all monitoring stations. Air pollutants NO2 and SO2 have a negative effect on visibility, but to a lesser extent than PM10. The influence of meteorological conditions on the effect of the air humidity on the deterioration of the visibility ratio and the stimulating effect of wind speed on the improvement of visibility conditions has been demonstrated.","PeriodicalId":38397,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Review Engineering and Environmental Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":"594-609"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86084449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-19DOI: 10.22630/pniks.2019.28.4.55
Shahad R. Al-Ghrybawi, M. Al-Jiboori
This work presents the surface heat inversions characteristics for Baghdad city. This inversion plays an important role in the study of concentrations of pollutants as well as its effect on spraying insecticides, which starts from a height of 2 m using the daily radiosonde data (midnight) of the period of 2013– –2014 obtained from the Iraqi Meteorological Organization and Seismology. The frequencies average of the heat inversion was studied on a monthly and quarterly basis. It was clear from the study that surface heat inversion shows the highest monthly frequency average in the September; the lowest monthly frequency average in the March; highest seasonal frequency average in the summer and the lowest seasonal frequency average in the spring. As for the relative frequencies of the monthly and seasonal of the surface heat inversion was calculated, it was found that 49% occurs during the summer months also winter record the same relative frequencies of the surface heat inversion in the summer. It was done through this research calculated height of the surface heat inversion the results were heights inversion in winter.
{"title":"Study of surface heat inversions characteristics around Baghdad station","authors":"Shahad R. Al-Ghrybawi, M. Al-Jiboori","doi":"10.22630/pniks.2019.28.4.55","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22630/pniks.2019.28.4.55","url":null,"abstract":"This work presents the surface heat inversions characteristics for Baghdad city. This inversion plays an important role in the study of concentrations of pollutants as well as its effect on spraying insecticides, which starts from a height of 2 m using the daily radiosonde data (midnight) of the period of 2013– –2014 obtained from the Iraqi Meteorological Organization and Seismology. The frequencies average of the heat inversion was studied on a monthly and quarterly basis. It was clear from the study that surface heat inversion shows the highest monthly frequency average in the September; the lowest monthly frequency average in the March; highest seasonal frequency average in the summer and the lowest seasonal frequency average in the spring. As for the relative frequencies of the monthly and seasonal of the surface heat inversion was calculated, it was found that 49% occurs during the summer months also winter record the same relative frequencies of the surface heat inversion in the summer. It was done through this research calculated height of the surface heat inversion the results were heights inversion in winter.","PeriodicalId":38397,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Review Engineering and Environmental Sciences","volume":"52 1","pages":"610-618"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83538659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-19DOI: 10.22630/pniks.2019.28.4.46
H. Rondón-Quintana, S. Chaves-Pabón, C. Zafra-Mejía
Blast furnace slags (BFS) are materials obtained in the manufacturing of iron in blast furnaces. Most countries in the world consider these materials as waste products, given that their use in multiple engineering applications (e.g. as fertilizers, in road construction, in the production of ceramic materials, bricks and cement, among others) is less in comparison to its production. The amount of material that is unused tends to pollute the environment, since it is generally dumped and piled in landfi lls or stored in open air production plants. Because of this, several research efforts are being carried out in the world with the purpose of evaluating use sources for this material. Blast furnace slags possesses physical-chemical properties that are interesting for replacing natural aggregates in asphalt mixes. Some of these are: (a) present cementing properties and chemical composition properties similar to Portland cement (Das, Prakash, Reddy & Misra, 2007); (b) particles present a coarse and porous superfi cial texture, as well as good compatibility with asphalt, which could result in good adhesion with asphalt (Rondón, Ruge, Patiño, Vacca, Reyes & Muniz de Farias, 2018; Rondón, Ruge & Muniz de Farias, 2019). Constituting part of the aggregate in asphalt mixes with it would be helpful not only for seeking another use source, but at the same time additionally, reducing negative environmental impacts associPRACE ORYGINALNE ORIGINAL PAPERS
{"title":"Performance characteristics and mechanical resistance of a hot mix asphalt using gilsonite and blast furnace slag","authors":"H. Rondón-Quintana, S. Chaves-Pabón, C. Zafra-Mejía","doi":"10.22630/pniks.2019.28.4.46","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22630/pniks.2019.28.4.46","url":null,"abstract":"Blast furnace slags (BFS) are materials obtained in the manufacturing of iron in blast furnaces. Most countries in the world consider these materials as waste products, given that their use in multiple engineering applications (e.g. as fertilizers, in road construction, in the production of ceramic materials, bricks and cement, among others) is less in comparison to its production. The amount of material that is unused tends to pollute the environment, since it is generally dumped and piled in landfi lls or stored in open air production plants. Because of this, several research efforts are being carried out in the world with the purpose of evaluating use sources for this material. Blast furnace slags possesses physical-chemical properties that are interesting for replacing natural aggregates in asphalt mixes. Some of these are: (a) present cementing properties and chemical composition properties similar to Portland cement (Das, Prakash, Reddy & Misra, 2007); (b) particles present a coarse and porous superfi cial texture, as well as good compatibility with asphalt, which could result in good adhesion with asphalt (Rondón, Ruge, Patiño, Vacca, Reyes & Muniz de Farias, 2018; Rondón, Ruge & Muniz de Farias, 2019). Constituting part of the aggregate in asphalt mixes with it would be helpful not only for seeking another use source, but at the same time additionally, reducing negative environmental impacts associPRACE ORYGINALNE ORIGINAL PAPERS","PeriodicalId":38397,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Review Engineering and Environmental Sciences","volume":"50 1","pages":"503-515"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86140869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-19DOI: 10.22630/pniks.2019.28.4.53
V. Snitynskyy, V. Burtak, B. Diveyev, Orest Horbay, Ruslan Humenyuk, I. Kernytskyy
Threaded connections (TC) are extensively used in the transport industry. They are easy to implement, cost effective. Accidents caused by weakening of threaded joints are typical. For example, the collapse of the car body can be caused by the weakening of the bolts. A vehicle is a complicated system under the infl uence of vibration caused by an inequality of the road surface, variable speed, unbalance of the rotating elements. These vibrations are distributed through the vehicle and also affect the connection. Under their action, these compounds gradually begin to weaken. This can lead to serious accidents. The main factors infl uencing the relaxation of TC are the amplitude, frequency and gradient of vibration. For their determination it is necessary to clarify the picture of the propagation of vibration in the vehicle, especially the process of its transmission from the wheels to the sensitive element – the connection.
{"title":"Dynamic properties of screw-bolts connections of sowing machine","authors":"V. Snitynskyy, V. Burtak, B. Diveyev, Orest Horbay, Ruslan Humenyuk, I. Kernytskyy","doi":"10.22630/pniks.2019.28.4.53","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22630/pniks.2019.28.4.53","url":null,"abstract":"Threaded connections (TC) are extensively used in the transport industry. They are easy to implement, cost effective. Accidents caused by weakening of threaded joints are typical. For example, the collapse of the car body can be caused by the weakening of the bolts. A vehicle is a complicated system under the infl uence of vibration caused by an inequality of the road surface, variable speed, unbalance of the rotating elements. These vibrations are distributed through the vehicle and also affect the connection. Under their action, these compounds gradually begin to weaken. This can lead to serious accidents. The main factors infl uencing the relaxation of TC are the amplitude, frequency and gradient of vibration. For their determination it is necessary to clarify the picture of the propagation of vibration in the vehicle, especially the process of its transmission from the wheels to the sensitive element – the connection.","PeriodicalId":38397,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Review Engineering and Environmental Sciences","volume":"30 1","pages":"584-593"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84386829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-19DOI: 10.22630/pniks.2019.28.4.60
Jan Łukaszkiewicz, A. Długoński, B. Fortuna-Antoszkiewicz, Piotr Wiśniewski
Wherever they lived, humans for centuries have contributed to a dramatic transformation of the environment and landscape, frequently resulting in biological devastation of many areas (Simpson, Dugmore, Thomson & Vésteinsson, 2001; Holm, Cridland & Roderick, 2003; Bell & Treshow, 2004; Bobál, Šír, Richnavský & Unucka, 2010; Čech & Krokusová, 2017). In the second half of the 20th century, eco-awareness was raised suffi ciently to highlight the problem of degraded areas and concerted (often large-scale) efforts aimed at restoring the ‘lost’ space were initiated (Gasidło, 1998; Jiasheng et al., 2011; Chen, Wong, Leung & Wong, 2017). In Poland as early as in the 1950s considerable re-vegetation plans have been implemented, especially in industrial areas, but also country-wide, albeit on a local scale, e.g. through intensive tree planting (such efforts peaking in the 1960s and 1970s) in areas such as wastelands and any lands diffi cult to restore (Strzelecki & Sobczak, 1972; Siuta, 1978; Koda, Pachuta & Wojarska, 1999; Bell & Treshow, 2004; Pancewicz, 2007; Pluta, 2014). At various times and to a varying extent soil restoration was initiated in multiple locations, mostly by using suitably selected vegetation. Silesia Park is a good example of such effective operations. Located in Silesia, until recently a heavily polluted region, this huge, about 600 ha PRACE NAUKOWO-PRZEGLĄDOWE Research review papers
{"title":"From the heap to the park – reclamation and adaptation of degraded urban areas for recreational functions in Poland","authors":"Jan Łukaszkiewicz, A. Długoński, B. Fortuna-Antoszkiewicz, Piotr Wiśniewski","doi":"10.22630/pniks.2019.28.4.60","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22630/pniks.2019.28.4.60","url":null,"abstract":"Wherever they lived, humans for centuries have contributed to a dramatic transformation of the environment and landscape, frequently resulting in biological devastation of many areas (Simpson, Dugmore, Thomson & Vésteinsson, 2001; Holm, Cridland & Roderick, 2003; Bell & Treshow, 2004; Bobál, Šír, Richnavský & Unucka, 2010; Čech & Krokusová, 2017). In the second half of the 20th century, eco-awareness was raised suffi ciently to highlight the problem of degraded areas and concerted (often large-scale) efforts aimed at restoring the ‘lost’ space were initiated (Gasidło, 1998; Jiasheng et al., 2011; Chen, Wong, Leung & Wong, 2017). In Poland as early as in the 1950s considerable re-vegetation plans have been implemented, especially in industrial areas, but also country-wide, albeit on a local scale, e.g. through intensive tree planting (such efforts peaking in the 1960s and 1970s) in areas such as wastelands and any lands diffi cult to restore (Strzelecki & Sobczak, 1972; Siuta, 1978; Koda, Pachuta & Wojarska, 1999; Bell & Treshow, 2004; Pancewicz, 2007; Pluta, 2014). At various times and to a varying extent soil restoration was initiated in multiple locations, mostly by using suitably selected vegetation. Silesia Park is a good example of such effective operations. Located in Silesia, until recently a heavily polluted region, this huge, about 600 ha PRACE NAUKOWO-PRZEGLĄDOWE Research review papers","PeriodicalId":38397,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Review Engineering and Environmental Sciences","volume":"123 1","pages":"664-681"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85654530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-19DOI: 10.22630/pniks.2019.28.4.57
A. Baryła, A. Bus, A. Karczmarczyk, Joanna Witkowska-Dobrev
In the last decades, the interest towards climate change mitigation and urban climate resilience is growing, green roofs are gaining importance and a wide body of research has been published to ameliorate their performances and to investigate their benefi ts in different climates (Köhler, Schmidt, Grimme, Laar, Paiva & Tavares, 2002; Wong, Chen, Ong & Sia, 2003; Susca, 2019). Depending on the development and requirements for irrigation, there are two types of green roofs: extensive and intensive. Extensive green roofs, also known as ecological or light roofs, have a substrate layer with a thickness of 2–15 cm (Carter & Keeler, 2008; FLL, 2008; Castleton, Stovin, Beck & Davison, 2010; Karczmarczyk, Baryła & Kożuchowski, 2017). They require minimal or no irrigation and are usually planted from moss, succulents, grasses and some herbaceous plants (Dunnett & Kingsbury, 2004; Oberndorfer et al., 2007; Burszta-Adamiak, Fudali, Łomotowski & Kolasińska, 2019). This type of green roofs is the most widely used and they can be installed on most roofs. The disadvantage of extensive roofs is their smaller retention capacity and faster drying compared to intense roofs (Stovin, Vesuviano & Kasmin, 2012). In intensive greenery with a larger substrate thickness (above 20 cm), low and high development can be distinguished. In low greenery, low plants are used, such as perennials, shrubs, grasses and, to a limited extent, dwarf tree varieties. In contrast, in intensive high greening all types of plants are used, including perennials, shrubs, grasses and occasional coniferous and deciduous trees. Both types of intensive gardens require labour-intensive care, Scientifi c Review – Engineering and Environmental Sciences (2019), 28 (4), 632–640 Sci. Rev. Eng. Env. Sci. (2019), 28 (4) Przegląd Naukowy – Inżynieria i Kształtowanie Środowiska (2019), 28 (4), 632–640 Prz. Nauk. Inż. Kszt. Środ. (2019), 28 (4) http://iks.pn.sggw.pl DOI 10.22630/PNIKS.2019.28.4.57
{"title":"Surface temperature analysis of conventional roof and different use forms of the green roof","authors":"A. Baryła, A. Bus, A. Karczmarczyk, Joanna Witkowska-Dobrev","doi":"10.22630/pniks.2019.28.4.57","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22630/pniks.2019.28.4.57","url":null,"abstract":"In the last decades, the interest towards climate change mitigation and urban climate resilience is growing, green roofs are gaining importance and a wide body of research has been published to ameliorate their performances and to investigate their benefi ts in different climates (Köhler, Schmidt, Grimme, Laar, Paiva & Tavares, 2002; Wong, Chen, Ong & Sia, 2003; Susca, 2019). Depending on the development and requirements for irrigation, there are two types of green roofs: extensive and intensive. Extensive green roofs, also known as ecological or light roofs, have a substrate layer with a thickness of 2–15 cm (Carter & Keeler, 2008; FLL, 2008; Castleton, Stovin, Beck & Davison, 2010; Karczmarczyk, Baryła & Kożuchowski, 2017). They require minimal or no irrigation and are usually planted from moss, succulents, grasses and some herbaceous plants (Dunnett & Kingsbury, 2004; Oberndorfer et al., 2007; Burszta-Adamiak, Fudali, Łomotowski & Kolasińska, 2019). This type of green roofs is the most widely used and they can be installed on most roofs. The disadvantage of extensive roofs is their smaller retention capacity and faster drying compared to intense roofs (Stovin, Vesuviano & Kasmin, 2012). In intensive greenery with a larger substrate thickness (above 20 cm), low and high development can be distinguished. In low greenery, low plants are used, such as perennials, shrubs, grasses and, to a limited extent, dwarf tree varieties. In contrast, in intensive high greening all types of plants are used, including perennials, shrubs, grasses and occasional coniferous and deciduous trees. Both types of intensive gardens require labour-intensive care, Scientifi c Review – Engineering and Environmental Sciences (2019), 28 (4), 632–640 Sci. Rev. Eng. Env. Sci. (2019), 28 (4) Przegląd Naukowy – Inżynieria i Kształtowanie Środowiska (2019), 28 (4), 632–640 Prz. Nauk. Inż. Kszt. Środ. (2019), 28 (4) http://iks.pn.sggw.pl DOI 10.22630/PNIKS.2019.28.4.57","PeriodicalId":38397,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Review Engineering and Environmental Sciences","volume":"40 1","pages":"632-640"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86987819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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