Materials & Design最新文献_第5页

Characterizing nanoscale coherent double-solid-solution interfaces between non-reactive Mg and steel alloys

IF 7.6 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materials & Design

Pub Date : 2025-03-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2025.113834

Qiang Lang , Taotao Li , Muhammad Shehryar Khan , Gang Song , Liming Liu

Achieving coherent interface matching between immiscible Mg and Fe alloys is a significant challenge due to significant differences in their lattice constants and structures. Although the introduction of a third element into the interfacial metallurgical reaction has been explored before, it has been difficult to avoid the formation of brittle intermetallic compounds with poor mechanical properties. This study presents a groundbreaking method that, for the first time in published literature, leverages in-situ Ni alloying with a flexible laser-arc hybrid heat source to create an exceptionally high-performing nanoscale double solid solution interface between immiscible Mg and Fe alloys. This processing approach enables the high metallurgical reaction temperatures required for immiscible and nonreactive systems. The resulting lattice formation, driven by localized elemental diffusion at elevated interfacial temperatures, fosters adaptive coherent matching across the entire Mg-Fe interface. This process successfully transforms the non-coherent lattice that is generally observed at the Mg/Fe interface into a coherent double solid solution interface with the bulk matrix on both sides, significantly enhancing bonding efficiency and performance. This study provides detailed advanced characterization of the nanoscale double solid solution structures observed at the interfaces of these immiscible dissimilar metals which has been previously unexplored in the literature.

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引用次数: 0

Liquid Metal-Graphene composite conductive nanofiber flexible pressure sensor for dynamic health monitoring

IF 7.6 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materials & Design

Pub Date : 2025-03-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2025.113811

Manfeng Gong , Chenglong Tu , Xitong Lin , Fang Wang , Haishan Lian , Zaifu Cui , Xiaojun Chen

Flexible pressure sensors nanofibers-based have garnered significant attention due to their applications in smart wearable devices, healthcare monitoring, human–computer interaction, and artificial intelligence. However, developing flexible pressure sensors with excellent conductivity and stability for stable monitoring of small pressures remains a considerable challenge. This study presents a highly sensitive and rapid-response flexible pressure sensor using liquid metal-graphene composite conductive nanofibers. The sensor employs electrospinning and electrostatic spraying techniques to prepare a liquid metal-polyimide matrix material, with polyvinyl alcohol modification significantly enhancing its adhesion. Notably, an ultrasonic impregnation method was utilized to uniformly disperse conductive fillers onto the surfaces of the nanofibers and within the three-dimensional skeletal structure, creating a dual-conductive network that enhances the sensor’s conductivity. The sensor exhibits high sensitivity (3.02 kPa⁻¹), rapid response/recovery times (80 ms/200 ms), and a broad detection range (0–90 kPa), along with excellent mechanical stability and durability (5000 loading–unloading cycles). These advantages enable the flexible pressure sensor to detect various signals from minor body movements to larger motions, such as throat swallowing and finger bending. This research provides an effective method for continuous health monitoring and the identification of subtle physiological changes, showcasing its tremendous potential in the fields of smart robotics and prosthetics.

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引用次数: 0

Design, optimization, and validation of a magnetic mother-child robot system for targeted drug delivery

IF 7.6 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materials & Design

Pub Date : 2025-03-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2025.113827

Bentao Zou , Huibin Liu , Xuehao Fen , Zhizheng Gao , Zhixing Ge , Wenguang Yang

Traditional untethered magnetic microrobots utilized for in vivo targeted drug delivery face challenges related to poor maneuverability and limited kinematic performance. In this study, we harness the strengths of both magnetic continuum robots (acting as “mother” units) and untethered microrobots (functioning as “child” units), refining the motion model to develop a magnetically driven mother–child robotic system. We have also enhanced the structural design of the magnetic continuum and optimized the batch fabrication process of pH-responsive hydrogel integrated with the microrobots. This design allows the child robots to be deployed by the mother unit and subsequently retrieved upon task completion. Our strategy, which aims to minimize foreign body presence and reduce side effects, was validated using an in vitro gastric model, demonstrating the feasibility and enhanced operability of this system.

引用次数: 0

Stackable 3D-printed core-shell nozzle system for multi-shell fiber and microdroplet generation

IF 7.6 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materials & Design

Pub Date : 2025-03-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2025.113807

Jianfeng Li , Peer Fischer

Microfluidics is increasingly utilized in biofabrication to create more complex fiber and droplet structures, including those that involve multiple materials. Layered and core-multiple shell structures are of particular interest as templates for biofabrication and cell growth. Traditional fabrication methods often rely on fixed coaxial, triaxial or quadaxial needles, which are costly and prone to clogging, particularly for smaller inner diameters. Here, we introduce a versatile system based on a 3D printed nozzle which combines two flows: an inner core- and an outer shell-flow. The outlet is fitted with a glass capillary, allowing control of the fiber diameter by adjusting the capillary. The design facilitates the modular “LEGO®-Brick” stacking of multiple nozzles, enabling the efficient fabrication of complex fibers. We demonstrate the production of alginate (Alg)-methyl cellulose (MC) composite fibers with variable diameters. Additionally, when the shell was filled with an oil phase and the core with a water phase, microdroplets with controlled diameters were effectively generated. The two-flow system also enables the extrusion of graphene oxide (GO)-based fibers and microbeads, which are widely-used structures in various applications. To demonstrate the capability of the designed nozzle for biofabrication, C2C12 cell-laden GO-based fibers and microbeads were fabricated, exhibiting excellent post-fabrication cell viability.

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引用次数: 0

Elucidating Structure-Property relationships for optimization of plate lattice sound absorbers 阐明结构-性能关系，优化板格吸声装置

IF 7.6 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materials & Design

Pub Date : 2025-03-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2025.113801

Jun Wei Chua , Wei Zhai , Xinwei Li

To be compatible with mainstream additive manufacturing techniques, plate lattices must be designed with embedded pores to eliminate closed cells and facilitate material removal. Interestingly, these pores also transform the plate lattices into effective acoustic absorbers, with structures resembling Helmholtz resonators. In this work, the sound absorption performance of plate lattices inspired by crystal structures was investigated, with small perforations at nodes introduced as a design feature to facilitate feedstock material removal and allow acoustic energy to penetrate the structure. Calibrated through numerous additively manufactured samples, a high-fidelity mathematical model, grounded in Helmholtz resonance principles and the Transfer Matrix Method, was developed to accurately predict the acoustic properties of plate lattices across a broad range of frequencies from 450 to 6300 Hz. The model not only effectively predicts sound absorption coefficient curves based on geometric parameters but also provides valuable insights into how these parameters influence acoustic performance. It is found that smaller cell sizes, higher relative densities, and reduced perforation sizes generally result in higher mean sound absorption coefficients. The frequency bands of peak absorption regions are then strongly affected by the perforation size relative to the cell size. Furthermore, an optimization framework leveraging the model generated heterogeneous plate lattice designs with superior broadband sound absorption at targeted frequency ranges. This work introduces a robust mathematical approach for predicting and optimizing the acoustic properties of perforated plate lattices while uncovering key structural-property relationships that drive their performance.

为了与主流的增材制造技术兼容，板晶格必须设计成嵌入式孔隙，以消除闭孔并方便材料去除。有趣的是，这些孔隙还能将板晶格转化为有效的吸声体，其结构类似于亥姆霍兹谐振器。在这项工作中，我们研究了受晶体结构启发的板晶格的吸声性能，并在节点处引入了小穿孔作为设计特征，以方便原料材料的去除，并让声能穿透结构。根据亥姆霍兹共振原理和传递矩阵法，通过大量添加制造的样品进行校准，开发出了一个高保真数学模型，可在 450 到 6300 Hz 的广泛频率范围内准确预测板晶格的声学特性。该模型不仅能有效预测基于几何参数的吸声系数曲线，还能提供有关这些参数如何影响声学性能的宝贵见解。研究发现，较小的电池尺寸、较高的相对密度和较小的穿孔尺寸通常会导致较高的平均吸声系数。相对于电池尺寸，穿孔尺寸对吸声峰值区域的频带影响很大。此外，利用该模型的优化框架生成的异质板格设计在目标频率范围内具有卓越的宽带吸声性能。这项研究引入了一种稳健的数学方法，用于预测和优化穿孔板晶格的声学特性，同时揭示了驱动其性能的关键结构-特性关系。

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引用次数: 0

Design strategy for Al-containing metallic glasses by entropy engineering and covalent attribute

IF 7.6 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materials & Design

Pub Date : 2025-03-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2025.113771

Bing-Tao Wang , Zi-Jing Li , Shi-Dong Feng , Li-Min Wang

Traditional approaches to the composition design of metallic glasses often disregard the distinct nature of metallic and covalent interactions, leading to challenges in accurately incorporating specific elements that are more covalent and understanding their interactions. This limitation complicates the quantitative design process and hinders the development of a comprehensive theoretical framework. To address this, we propose a novel design strategy based on entropy engineering to tune metallic bonds using melting entropy, while the covalent interactions is guided by mixing enthalpy. Applying this method, we successfully designed the metallic glasses

{La}_{60.6} {Ni}_{22.9} {Al}_{17.5}

and

{La}_{62.2}

{Ni}_{11.8}

{Cu}_{12.7}

{Al}_{13.2}

whose GFA is highly consistent with the reported components.

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引用次数: 0

Direct evidence and kinetics of Cu precipitation in the austenite phase of a maraging stainless steel

IF 7.6 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materials & Design

Pub Date : 2025-03-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2025.113835

Tao Zhou , Gabriel Spartacus , Xiaoqing Li , Sonia Guehairia , Tim Fischer , Malte Blankenburg , Peter Hedström

In this study, we investigate the precipitation kinetics of Cu in 15–5 PH maraging stainless steel during high-temperature thermal treatments in the fully austenitic state. This provides direct evidence that Cu precipitation can occur in the austenite phase of martensitic or ferritic steels. The kinetics of Cu precipitation in austenite are examined at 700 and 800 °C using in situ synchrotron small-angle and wide-angle X-ray scattering, complemented by atom probe tomography investigations to analyze the precipitates, particularly their chemistry, following heat treatment. The resulting experimental data, which include the evolution of size, volume fraction, number density and chemical composition, are used to inform precipitation kinetics modelling using the Langer-Schwartz-Kampmann-Wagner (LSKW) approach coupled with CALPHAD thermodynamic and kinetic databases. The simulations accurately capture the experimental data by adjusting the interfacial energy in an inverse modelling approach. The insight that Cu precipitation occurs in austenite and subsequently in martensite paves the way for design of hierarchical structures with a bi-modal particle size distribution of Cu precipitates with varying crystal structures and compositions. Additionally, the validated LSKW modelling approach establishes a foundation for designing Cu-alloyed high-performance steels, taking into account various manufacturing routes.

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引用次数: 0

Thermophysical and microstructural characterization of Ti-6Al-4V in powder and laser powder bed fusion-processed state within the global temperature field range

IF 7.6 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materials & Design

Pub Date : 2025-03-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2025.113823

J. Rottler , T.K. Tetzlaff , A. Wohninsland , A. Lion , M. Johlitz

To pave the way for thermophysical modeling and further PBF-LB/M process optimization, the thermophysical properties of Ti-6Al-4V in powder and processed states were investigated using thermo-mechanical analysis, laser flash analysis, and differential scanning calorimetry. Microstructural characterization using SEM, Vickers hardness testing, and XRD facilitated a novel interpretation of the results. The macroscopic density exhibited a linear relationship up to 880

{}^{\circ}C

, showing only a minor impact from microstructural effects. The evolution of

α^{'}

martensitic microstructure was analyzed by examining linear thermal expansion coefficients indicating direction dependency. During heating, the precipitation and stabilization of β provoke the formation and decomposition of the intermetallic phase, accompanied by a significant increase in hardness and an exothermic event. Additionally, the relaxation of residual stresses and transformation into the β phase determines the microstructural evolution. Thermal diffusivity of as-built Ti-6Al-4V propagates linearly up to 950

{}^{\circ}C

. For powder, HotDisk measurements corroborate laser flash data obtained up to 850

{}^{\circ}C

. Based on the LFA, the start of sintering is identified and attributed to a change in the heat transfer mechanism in AM powders. Specific heat capacity and effective thermal conductivity of AM Ti-6Al-4V are determined, highlighting the shortcomings of predicting AM powders' conductivity based on solid materials.

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引用次数: 0

Intravitreal injection of TA-III with sustained release to simultaneously impart anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, and vascular remodeling activities in diabetic retinopathy

IF 7.6 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materials & Design

Pub Date : 2025-03-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2025.113832

Jie Zhang , Yu Liu , Yu Gong , Yanyu Shangguan , Pengli Wang , Yanlong Bi , Yong Xu , Bo Tao , Bing Li

Diabetes negatively impacts vision and retinal function. However, current therapeutic options for diabetic retinopathy (DR) often present limitations, including targeting specific pathways, short duration of action, and need for frequent injections. Timosaponin AIII (TA-III) exhibited the potential of anti-inflammation, anti-oxidative stress and promoting vascular remodeling abilities from bioinformatics analysis tool. Additionally, polyethylene glycol succinimide succinate [PEG-(SS)₂]-human serum albumin (HSA) (Hp) hydrogel, known for its excellent biocompatibility and sustained drug release properties, was employed to encapsulate TA-III to exhibit a long-acting, sustained release profile. In vitro results demonstrated that the TA-III/Hp hydrogel upregulated the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 and zonula occludens-1, while reducing the level of vascular endothelial growth factor A. We further observed a significant reduction in the levels of reactive oxygen species, malondialdehyde, interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α under high glucose conditions by using the TA-III/Hp hydrogel in retinal pigment epithelium cells. Notably, intravitreal delivery of TA-III/Hp hydrogel in the DR mouse model effectively increased retinal thickness and numbers of mature blood vessels, while inhibiting oxidative stress and inflammatory factor levels. In conclusion, intravitreal injection of TA-III/Hp hydrogel facilitates sustained release of TA-III, simultaneously providing anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, and vascular remodeling effects in DR.

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引用次数: 0

Efficient design of Voronoi energy-absorbing foams using Bayesian optimization

IF 7.6 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materials & Design

Pub Date : 2025-03-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2025.113822

Youngtaek Oh , Byungjo Kim , Hayoung Chung

Recently, many studies have increasingly focused on developing bio-inspired structures, leveraging their lightweight and high-energy absorption properties, which are crucial across many engineering fields. Structural optimization aiming for bio-inspired structures having superior energy absorption capability, however, has been considered a challenging problem. One of these challenges is that nonlinear material behaviors induced by external forces, such as buckling and self-contact of constituting ligaments, intervene in the energy absorption process. Such nonlinearities not only make the relationship between design changes and energy absorption nonlinear, but also exacerbate the difficulties of design, given the complexity of the ligament configurations. To address this, a novel design optimization method for bio-inspired cellular structures with high energy absorption is proposed. First, Voronoi tessellation is used to capture configurations of bio-inspired material, parameterized by geometric variables. Then, Bayesian optimization with Kriging efficiently updates the design, exploring the complex design space through high-fidelity nonlinear finite element analysis. The proposed design method is efficient in structural optimization as it combines a strategy to reduce the number of samples required for surrogate modeling of structural response and optimal search, but it also generates multiple design outcomes with similar advantages due to the intrinsic variance of the Voronoi structures.

最近，许多研究越来越关注开发生物启发结构，利用其轻质和高能量吸收特性，这在许多工程领域都至关重要。然而，以具有卓越能量吸收能力的生物启发结构为目标的结构优化一直被认为是一个具有挑战性的问题。其中一个挑战是，由外力诱发的非线性材料行为，如构成韧带的屈曲和自接触，会干扰能量吸收过程。鉴于韧带结构的复杂性，这种非线性不仅使设计变化与能量吸收之间的关系变得非线性，而且加剧了设计的难度。针对这一问题，我们提出了一种新型的高能量吸收生物启发细胞结构优化设计方法。首先，使用 Voronoi 网格来捕捉生物启发材料的配置，并以几何变量为参数。然后，通过高保真非线性有限元分析探索复杂的设计空间，利用克里金贝叶斯优化法有效地更新设计。所提出的设计方法结合了减少结构响应代理建模和优化搜索所需的样本数量的策略，因此在结构优化方面非常高效，而且由于 Voronoi 结构的内在差异，它还能产生具有相似优势的多种设计结果。

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引用次数: 0