Pub Date : 2026-01-17DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2026.115513
Yu Wang, Wansen Tan, Jingjun Hong
Collagen, the most abundant protein in mammals, constitutes approximately 30 % of the total protein content in the human body and plays a critical role in maintaining tissue structure and function. Among various types, type III collagen is a key component of the extracellular matrix and features a distinctive triple-helical structure that confers specific biological activities and functional properties. However, its production has long been constrained by low expression levels and an unstable triple helix structure. With advances in genetic engineering and synthetic biology, significant progress has been achieved in the research and application of recombinant type III collagen (rhCOL III). This review focuses on recent developments in expression systems, particularly in Escherichia coli and Pichia pastoris, where production yields have reached 3.02 g/L and 10.3 g/L respectively. Recombinant type III collagen has found applications in diverse fields, including skincare, injectable fillers, wound dressings, and tissue engineering. Future development directions include AI-driven molecular design, 3D bioprinting, and large-scale fermentation processes, aimed at addressing current challenges related to proline hydroxylation, purification efficiency, and immunogenicity.
{"title":"Advances in recombinant type III collagen","authors":"Yu Wang, Wansen Tan, Jingjun Hong","doi":"10.1016/j.matdes.2026.115513","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matdes.2026.115513","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Collagen, the most abundant protein in mammals, constitutes approximately 30 % of the total protein content in the human body and plays a critical role in maintaining tissue structure and function. Among various types, type III collagen is a key component of the extracellular matrix and features a distinctive triple-helical structure that confers specific biological activities and functional properties. However, its production has long been constrained by low expression levels and an unstable triple helix structure. With advances in genetic engineering and synthetic biology, significant progress has been achieved in the research and application of recombinant type III collagen (rhCOL III). This review focuses on recent developments in expression systems, particularly in <em>Escherichia coli</em> and <em>Pichia pastoris</em>, where production yields have reached 3.02 g/L and 10.3 g/L respectively. Recombinant type III collagen has found applications in diverse fields, including skincare, injectable fillers, wound dressings, and tissue engineering. Future development directions include AI-driven molecular design, 3D bioprinting, and large-scale fermentation processes, aimed at addressing current challenges related to proline hydroxylation, purification efficiency, and immunogenicity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":383,"journal":{"name":"Materials & Design","volume":"262 ","pages":"Article 115513"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146035123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study addresses the mechanistic interplay among processing parameters, microstructure, and cracking behavior in LPBF of difficult-to-print nickel-based superalloy IN738LC. To this end, key process parameters were systematically varied. Advanced microstructural characterization, combined with Scheil solidification simulations, was performed to elucidate microstructure and crack formation mechanisms under rapid solidification conditions. The results demonstrate that melt pool geometry plays a critical role in crack behavior, with an optimal melt pool width-to-depth aspect ratio showing the most favorable crack behavior. Reducing the hatch spacing resulted in lower crack density despite enhanced grain coarsening compared to increasing laser power, owing to improved densification and an optimized melt pool width-to-depth ratio. Microscopic analysis revealed a non-equilibrium microstructure of as-built condition consisted of a γ matrix with dendritic/cellular substructures, nanoscale carbides at cell boundaries, and sporadic Al-based oxides; no γ′ precipitates were detected. These features, consistent with Scheil's predictions, locally reduce microstructural coherency and promote crack initiation. Crack formation is strongly promoted by elemental segregation and dispersed oxide formation, which reduce ductility, together with the high thermal stresses inherent to the LPBF process.
{"title":"Mechanistic process–microstructure–cracking correlations in laser powder bed fusion of the Ni-based superalloy IN738","authors":"Hamidreza Aghajani , Mehdi Mosayebi , Bita Pourbahari , Saeed Maleksaeedi , Peyman Alimehr , Reza Esmaeilizadeh , Mahyar Hasanabadi , Nabil Bassim , Ehsan Toyserkani","doi":"10.1016/j.matdes.2026.115504","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matdes.2026.115504","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study addresses the mechanistic interplay among processing parameters, microstructure, and cracking behavior in LPBF of difficult-to-print nickel-based superalloy IN738LC. To this end, key process parameters were systematically varied. Advanced microstructural characterization, combined with Scheil solidification simulations, was performed to elucidate microstructure and crack formation mechanisms under rapid solidification conditions. The results demonstrate that melt pool geometry plays a critical role in crack behavior, with an optimal melt pool width-to-depth aspect ratio showing the most favorable crack behavior. Reducing the hatch spacing resulted in lower crack density despite enhanced grain coarsening compared to increasing laser power, owing to improved densification and an optimized melt pool width-to-depth ratio. Microscopic analysis revealed a non-equilibrium microstructure of as-built condition consisted of a γ matrix with dendritic/cellular substructures, nanoscale carbides at cell boundaries, and sporadic Al-based oxides; no γ′ precipitates were detected. These features, consistent with Scheil's predictions, locally reduce microstructural coherency and promote crack initiation. Crack formation is strongly promoted by elemental segregation and dispersed oxide formation, which reduce ductility, together with the high thermal stresses inherent to the LPBF process.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":383,"journal":{"name":"Materials & Design","volume":"262 ","pages":"Article 115504"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146035249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-16DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2026.115506
Weijie Liu , Yixuan Wang , Xu Zhao
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a highly aggressive subtype with poor response to conventional treatments. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) offers promising therapeutic potential but suffers from poor in vivo stability and low cellular uptake, highlighting the need for efficient carriers. Owing to their safety and structural tunability, non-viral vectors have become a research focus. This review summarizes recent advances (2020–2025) in non-viral siRNA carriers for TNBC, covering polymers, inorganic nanoparticles, liposomes, exosomes, and emerging platforms such as DNA nanostructures, cationic metal–organic layers, nanodroplets, nanofibers, and peptides. Statistical analysis shows polymers dominate (39.7 %) due to their structural adaptability and loading capacity, while emerging carriers are gaining attention. We also outline siRNA therapeutic targets investigated during this period and their roles in TNBC progression and discuss key siRNA delivery challenges during TNBC therapy. Future development is expected to emphasize stimuli-responsiveness, material hybridization, combination therapy, and personalized medicine. These insights may not only advance gene therapy for aggressive cancers such as TNBC but also guide future design of high-efficiency gene carriers.
{"title":"Efficient non-viral siRNA carriers for triple-negative breast cancer: advances in 2020 − 2025","authors":"Weijie Liu , Yixuan Wang , Xu Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.matdes.2026.115506","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matdes.2026.115506","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a highly aggressive subtype with poor response to conventional treatments. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) offers promising therapeutic potential but suffers from poor <em>in vivo</em> stability and low cellular uptake, highlighting the need for efficient carriers. Owing to their safety and structural tunability, non-viral vectors have become a research focus. This review summarizes recent advances (2020–2025) in non-viral siRNA carriers for TNBC, covering polymers, inorganic nanoparticles, liposomes, exosomes, and emerging platforms such as DNA nanostructures, cationic metal–organic layers, nanodroplets, nanofibers, and peptides. Statistical analysis shows polymers dominate (39.7 %) due to their structural adaptability and loading capacity, while emerging carriers are gaining attention. We also outline siRNA therapeutic targets investigated during this period and their roles in TNBC progression and discuss key siRNA delivery challenges during TNBC therapy. Future development is expected to emphasize stimuli-responsiveness, material hybridization, combination therapy, and personalized medicine. These insights may not only advance gene therapy for aggressive cancers such as TNBC but also guide future design of high-efficiency gene carriers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":383,"journal":{"name":"Materials & Design","volume":"262 ","pages":"Article 115506"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146035118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-16DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2026.115501
Zhao Chen , Yutong Chen , Man Zhe , Jiabao Jiang , Hao Liu , Lu Qin , Taolei Jia , Fei Xing , Ulrike Ritz
Bioelectricity is an essential element of biological entities, present in all cell types and regulating their behavior and function. Bone itself can be considered a natural piezoelectric composite material, with piezoelectric signals generated under mechanical stress serving as essential modulators for bone growth and remodeling. Given this background, researchers have recently focused on developing functional bone repair materials with biomimetic piezoelectric characteristics, achieving notable success in bone defect restoration. This paper elucidates the generation processes of the piezoelectric effect, and provides a comprehensive analysis of the potential regulatory mechanisms of piezoelectric signals on bone regeneration. Thereafter, this review classifies piezoelectric materials based on their composition, systematically detailing the advancements of bone repair materials derived from inorganic piezoelectric materials, natural organic polymers, and synthetic organic polymers. By integrating the latest research findings with future development directions, this review intends to offer a solid theoretical framework for the development of piezoelectric materials for bone defect repair.
{"title":"Engineered smart piezoelectric materials facilitate bone defect regeneration","authors":"Zhao Chen , Yutong Chen , Man Zhe , Jiabao Jiang , Hao Liu , Lu Qin , Taolei Jia , Fei Xing , Ulrike Ritz","doi":"10.1016/j.matdes.2026.115501","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matdes.2026.115501","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bioelectricity is an essential element of biological entities, present in all cell types and regulating their behavior and function. Bone itself can be considered a natural piezoelectric composite material, with piezoelectric signals generated under mechanical stress serving as essential modulators for bone growth and remodeling. Given this background, researchers have recently focused on developing functional bone repair materials with biomimetic piezoelectric characteristics, achieving notable success in bone defect restoration. This paper elucidates the generation processes of the piezoelectric effect, and provides a comprehensive analysis of the potential regulatory mechanisms of piezoelectric signals on bone regeneration. Thereafter, this review classifies piezoelectric materials based on their composition, systematically detailing the advancements of bone repair materials derived from inorganic piezoelectric materials, natural organic polymers, and synthetic organic polymers. By integrating the latest research findings with future development directions, this review intends to offer a solid theoretical framework for the development of piezoelectric materials for bone defect repair.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":383,"journal":{"name":"Materials & Design","volume":"262 ","pages":"Article 115501"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146035178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-16DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2026.115511
Jingjing Shang , Chenlong Liu , Tao Ma , Jiapei Yao , Xinru Liu , Xiaolong Lin , Dong Li , Luming Nong , Xindie Zhou
Bone regeneration requires coordinated regulation of osteogenesis, immunity, and angiogenesis, which remains challenging for traditional strategies. In this study, britanin-loaded mesoporous silica nanoparticles (britanin@MSNs) are synthesized via surface conjugation and drug encapsulation. Their effects and mechanisms are evaluated using bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), macrophages, and human umbilical vein endothelial cells, and further validated in a rat femoral defect model. Low-dose britanin significantly enhances BMSCs proliferation and osteogenic differentiation, increasing ALP activity, mineralization, and the expression of RUNX2, OPN, and OCN. Mechanistically, britanin activates NPY1R, upregulates the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, and promotes S6K1 phosphorylation, thereby enhancing autophagy and osteogenic protein synthesis. Britanin@MSNs provide efficient delivery and sustained release, maintaining cell viability and promoting osteogenesis and migration. In macrophages, britanin@MSNs improve mitochondrial function, reduce ROS, increase ATP levels, and promote M2 polarization by activating the TGF-β1/SMAD3 pathway. Moreover, britanin@MSNs upregulate angiogenic markers such as CD31 and VEGF, facilitating tube formation by endothelial cells. In vivo studies demonstrate that britanin@MSNs significantly promote new bone formation, increase bone mineral density, and enhance collagen deposition and tissue remodeling, while supporting angiogenesis and osteogenic signaling. This multifunctional platform offers a promising translational strategy for bone tissue engineering by integrating osteoinductive capability and microenvironment modulation.
{"title":"Britanin-loaded mesoporous silica nanoparticles: a novel approach for enhanced bone regeneration","authors":"Jingjing Shang , Chenlong Liu , Tao Ma , Jiapei Yao , Xinru Liu , Xiaolong Lin , Dong Li , Luming Nong , Xindie Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.matdes.2026.115511","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matdes.2026.115511","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bone regeneration requires coordinated regulation of osteogenesis, immunity, and angiogenesis, which remains challenging for traditional strategies. In this study, britanin-loaded mesoporous silica nanoparticles (britanin@MSNs) are synthesized via surface conjugation and drug encapsulation. Their effects and mechanisms are evaluated using bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), macrophages, and human umbilical vein endothelial cells, and further validated in a rat femoral defect model. Low-dose britanin significantly enhances BMSCs proliferation and osteogenic differentiation, increasing ALP activity, mineralization, and the expression of RUNX2, OPN, and OCN. Mechanistically, britanin activates NPY1R, upregulates the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, and promotes S6K1 phosphorylation, thereby enhancing autophagy and osteogenic protein synthesis. Britanin@MSNs provide efficient delivery and sustained release, maintaining cell viability and promoting osteogenesis and migration. In macrophages, britanin@MSNs improve mitochondrial function, reduce ROS, increase ATP levels, and promote M2 polarization by activating the TGF-β1/SMAD3 pathway. Moreover, britanin@MSNs upregulate angiogenic markers such as CD31 and VEGF, facilitating tube formation by endothelial cells. <em>In vivo</em> studies demonstrate that britanin@MSNs significantly promote new bone formation, increase bone mineral density, and enhance collagen deposition and tissue remodeling, while supporting angiogenesis and osteogenic signaling. This multifunctional platform offers a promising translational strategy for bone tissue engineering by integrating osteoinductive capability and microenvironment modulation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":383,"journal":{"name":"Materials & Design","volume":"262 ","pages":"Article 115511"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146035121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-16DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2026.115505
Sa Sun , Dan Luo , Kaiqing Song , Jinpei Cui , Jie Liu , Xue Li
The healing of inflammatory wounds is closely linked to immune regulation. Polarizing macrophages toward the anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype represents a promising strategy for repairing inflammatory wounds. However, macrophages in inflammatory environments exhibit high ferroptosis susceptibility, leading to reduced cellular activity and consequent dysregulation of immune function, which impedes wound repair. Therefore, developing an approach that simultaneously promotes M2 polarization and inhibits macrophage ferroptosis is critical for effective inflammatory wound healing. In this study, multifunctional hollow cerium oxide nanoparticles (hCeO2 NPs) were synthesized. hCeO2 NPs effectively cleared reactive oxygen species (ROS) via enzyme-mimetic activity, thereby promoting M2 macrophage polarization. More important, they upregulated the SLC7A11/GSH/GPX4 pathway by enhancing intracellular glutathione (GSH) and GPX4 expression, thus suppressing macrophage ferroptosis. In vivo results further confirmed that hCeO2 NPs accelerated inflammatory wound closure by simultaneously promoting M2 polarization and inhibiting ferroptosis. These findings demonstrate that hCeO2 NPs provide an effective nanotherapeutic strategy for inflammatory wound repair through synergistic modulation of macrophage polarization and ferroptosis susceptibility.
{"title":"Hollow cerium oxide nanoparticles promote M2 polarization and modulate the SLC7A11/GSH/GPX4 axis to attenuate macrophage ferroptosis for inflammatory wound repair","authors":"Sa Sun , Dan Luo , Kaiqing Song , Jinpei Cui , Jie Liu , Xue Li","doi":"10.1016/j.matdes.2026.115505","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matdes.2026.115505","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The healing of inflammatory wounds is closely linked to immune regulation. Polarizing macrophages toward the anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype represents a promising strategy for repairing inflammatory wounds. However, macrophages in inflammatory environments exhibit high ferroptosis susceptibility, leading to reduced cellular activity and consequent dysregulation of immune function, which impedes wound repair. Therefore, developing an approach that simultaneously promotes M2 polarization and inhibits macrophage ferroptosis is critical for effective inflammatory wound healing. In this study, multifunctional hollow cerium oxide nanoparticles (<sub>h</sub>CeO<sub>2</sub> NPs) were synthesized. <sub>h</sub>CeO<sub>2</sub> NPs effectively cleared reactive oxygen species (ROS) via enzyme-mimetic activity, thereby promoting M2 macrophage polarization. More important, they upregulated the SLC7A11/GSH/GPX4 pathway by enhancing intracellular glutathione (GSH) and GPX4 expression, thus suppressing macrophage ferroptosis. <em>In vivo</em> results further confirmed that <sub>h</sub>CeO<sub>2</sub> NPs accelerated inflammatory wound closure by simultaneously promoting M2 polarization and inhibiting ferroptosis. These findings demonstrate that <sub>h</sub>CeO<sub>2</sub> NPs provide an effective nanotherapeutic strategy for inflammatory wound repair through synergistic modulation of macrophage polarization and ferroptosis susceptibility.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":383,"journal":{"name":"Materials & Design","volume":"262 ","pages":"Article 115505"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146035203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-16DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2026.115512
XinYu Mao , ShangNong Wu , MengHui Zhang , Peng Shen , XiaoZhong Yang , HongGang Wang
Colorectal cancer (CRC), a leading cause of cancer-related mortality, remains challenging due to drug resistance, insufficient targeting, and systemic toxicity. We engineered a pH/glucose dual-responsive zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) nanocarrier for the co-delivery of berberine (BBR) and glucose oxidase (GOX). BBR and GOX were encapsulated into ZIF-8 nanoparticles via one-pot synthesis and subsequent surface modification with polyethylene glycol–folic acid (PEG–FA), yielding BBR@GOX@ZIF-8–FA (BGZF). At pH 5.4, BBR and GOX release was approximately 74% and 69%, respectively. Cellular uptake and JC-1 assays revealed that the delocalized positive charge of the nanoparticles enhanced mitochondrial targeting, synergizing with GOX-mediated glucose depletion for amplified starvation therapy. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) quantification showed that BBR and GOX synergistically exacerbated oxidative stress, resulting in higher levels of ROS than those observed with monotherapy. Mechanistically, BGZF induced apoptosis through dual pathways: endogenous mitochondrial dysfunction and exogenous ROS overproduction. BGZF’s tumor-specific targeting capabilities were validated in vivo, demonstrating FA-mediated active homing and prolonged biosafety with negligible systemic toxicity. This research pioneers a dual-responsive nanoplatform that integrates mitochondrial targeting and cascade catalytic amplification to achieve synergistic antitumor effects between BBR and GOX, offering a novel paradigm for CRC treatment.
{"title":"Mitochondria-targeted pH/glucose dual-responsive ZIF-8 nanocarrier Co-delivering GOX and BBR for synergistic antitumor therapy","authors":"XinYu Mao , ShangNong Wu , MengHui Zhang , Peng Shen , XiaoZhong Yang , HongGang Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.matdes.2026.115512","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matdes.2026.115512","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Colorectal cancer (CRC), a leading cause of cancer-related mortality, remains challenging due to drug resistance, insufficient targeting, and systemic toxicity. We engineered a pH/glucose dual-responsive zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) nanocarrier for the co-delivery of berberine (BBR) and glucose oxidase (GO<sub>X</sub>). BBR and GO<sub>X</sub> were encapsulated into ZIF-8 nanoparticles via one-pot synthesis and subsequent surface modification with polyethylene glycol–folic acid (PEG–FA), yielding BBR@GO<sub>X</sub>@ZIF-8–FA (BGZF). At pH 5.4, BBR and GO<sub>X</sub> release was approximately 74% and 69%, respectively. Cellular uptake and JC-1 assays revealed that the delocalized positive charge of the nanoparticles enhanced mitochondrial targeting, synergizing with GO<sub>X</sub>-mediated glucose depletion for amplified starvation therapy. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) quantification showed that BBR and GO<sub>X</sub> synergistically exacerbated oxidative stress, resulting in higher levels of ROS than those observed with monotherapy. Mechanistically, BGZF induced apoptosis through dual pathways: endogenous mitochondrial dysfunction and exogenous ROS overproduction. BGZF’s tumor-specific targeting capabilities were validated <em>in vivo</em>, demonstrating FA-mediated active homing and prolonged biosafety with negligible systemic toxicity. This research pioneers a dual-responsive nanoplatform that integrates mitochondrial targeting and cascade catalytic amplification to achieve synergistic antitumor effects between BBR and GO<sub>X</sub>, offering a novel paradigm for CRC treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":383,"journal":{"name":"Materials & Design","volume":"262 ","pages":"Article 115512"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146035119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-14DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2026.115467
Wentong Wang , Shuqian Wang , Zhenguo Lu , Yu Cheng , Yifan Zhao , Qinghua Zhang
Active self-luminous pavements (ASLP) achieve autonomous luminescence at night or in dark environments by incorporating long-afterglow materials. They offer advantages such as environmental friendliness, energy efficiency, and sustainability, which enable them to address the issue of insufficient nighttime road lighting effectively. Research on ASLP has been extensively carried out in laboratories. However, due to the significant differences between laboratory settings and real-world road environments, further exploration is required to evaluate the application and performance of ASLP in actual road engineering projects. Therefore, this paper reviews the latest research progress and application status of ASLP, comprehensively covering self-luminous mechanisms, luminous efficiency, and quantitative methods for brightness. In particular, it discusses and compares the applications, limitations, and performance-influencing factors of the widely studied and applied material SrAl2O4:Eu2+, Dy3+ in different pavements. The first systematic comparison of the comprehensive performance (luminescence efficiency, durability, cost, and applicability) of SrAl2O4:Eu2+, Dy3+in three mainstream pavement application formats (inorganic gel-based, polymer-based, and embedded). It provides a basis for engineering decision-making or material selection in engineering projects. Finally, this paper examines the future challenges in the development and application of ASLP, with the aim of providing valuable ideas and practical guidance for their implementation and promotion.
{"title":"A comprehensive review on active self-luminous pavements: Materials, performance, and practical applications","authors":"Wentong Wang , Shuqian Wang , Zhenguo Lu , Yu Cheng , Yifan Zhao , Qinghua Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.matdes.2026.115467","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matdes.2026.115467","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Active self-luminous pavements (ASLP) achieve autonomous luminescence at night or in dark environments by incorporating long-afterglow materials. They offer advantages such as environmental friendliness, energy efficiency, and sustainability, which enable them to address the issue of insufficient nighttime road lighting effectively. Research on ASLP has been extensively carried out in laboratories. However, due to the significant differences between laboratory settings and real-world road environments, further exploration is required to evaluate the application and performance of ASLP in actual road engineering projects. Therefore, this paper reviews the latest research progress and application status of ASLP, comprehensively covering self-luminous mechanisms, luminous efficiency, and quantitative methods for brightness. In particular, it discusses and compares the applications, limitations, and performance-influencing factors of the widely studied and applied material SrAl<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>:Eu<sup>2+</sup>, Dy<sup>3+</sup> in different pavements. The first systematic comparison of the comprehensive performance (luminescence efficiency, durability, cost, and applicability) of SrAl<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>:Eu<sup>2+</sup>, Dy<sup>3+</sup>in three mainstream pavement application formats (inorganic gel-based, polymer-based, and embedded). It provides a basis for engineering decision-making or material selection in engineering projects. Finally, this paper examines the future challenges in the development and application of ASLP, with the aim of providing valuable ideas and practical guidance for their implementation and promotion.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":383,"journal":{"name":"Materials & Design","volume":"262 ","pages":"Article 115467"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146035175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-14DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2026.115477
Zhenbang Sun , Jianping Liu , Maohua Du , Yongquan Han , Jiahui Tong
Accurate analysis of residual stress in aluminum alloy welds is essential for ensuring the quality and service life of joints. The mechanical properties of both as-received and softened high-strength aluminum alloy at different temperatures were determined at various temperatures through high-temperature tensile experiments on 11 mm-thick 7A52 plates. Furthermore, a material softening model for aluminum alloy was developed based on Lifshitz-Slyozov-Wagner (LSW) theory. The impact of weld joint softening on residual stress was investigated through VPPA–MIG hybrid welding simulations, with the results derived from the proposed softening model evaluated against a conventional modeling approach. The softening model predicts significantly lower residual stresses in the heat-affected zone (HAZ) adjacent to the weld, with maximum longitudinal and transverse tensile stresses reduced by 26.4 % and 25.2 %, respectively, while stresses outside the HAZ remain comparable to the conventional model. X-ray diffraction validation demonstrated closer agreement with the softening model’s predictions. The developed model accurately predicts residual stress distributions in aluminum alloy welds, supporting improved service reliability, process optimization, and structural integrity assessment in aerospace and automotive applications.
{"title":"An improved simulation of the residual stress field in the VPPA-MIG hybrid welding of high-strength aluminum alloy","authors":"Zhenbang Sun , Jianping Liu , Maohua Du , Yongquan Han , Jiahui Tong","doi":"10.1016/j.matdes.2026.115477","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matdes.2026.115477","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accurate analysis of residual stress in aluminum alloy welds is essential for ensuring the quality and service life of joints. The mechanical properties of both as-received and softened high-strength aluminum alloy at different temperatures were determined at various temperatures through high-temperature tensile experiments on 11 mm-thick 7A52 plates. Furthermore, a material softening model for aluminum alloy was developed based on Lifshitz-Slyozov-Wagner (LSW) theory. The impact of weld joint softening on residual stress was investigated through VPPA–MIG hybrid welding simulations, with the results derived from the proposed softening model evaluated against a conventional modeling approach. The softening model predicts significantly lower residual stresses in the heat-affected zone (HAZ) adjacent to the weld, with maximum longitudinal and transverse tensile stresses reduced by 26.4 % and 25.2 %, respectively, while stresses outside the HAZ remain comparable to the conventional model. X-ray diffraction validation demonstrated closer agreement with the softening model’s predictions. The developed model accurately predicts residual stress distributions in aluminum alloy welds, supporting improved service reliability, process optimization, and structural integrity assessment in aerospace and automotive applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":383,"journal":{"name":"Materials & Design","volume":"262 ","pages":"Article 115477"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146035181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-14DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2026.115495
Imogen Cowley , Harry E. Chapman , Sebastian Marussi , Xianqiang Fan , David Rees , Tristan Fleming , Yunhui Chen , Alexander Rack , Robert C. Atwood , Martyn A. Jones , Samuel J. Clark , Chu Lun Alex Leung , Peter D. Lee
In situ synchrotron studies of Directed Energy Deposition (DED) additive manufacturing provide unique process insights, using high-resolution spatial and temporal observations to reveal melt pool dynamics, phase evolution, and defect formation mechanisms. However, capturing these phenomena under industrially relevant conditions remains a challenge. Here, a second-generation DED apparatus is presented that replicates industrially relevant process conditions whilst enabling multi-modal in situ monitoring, including synchrotron X-ray radiography and diffraction, infrared (IR) imaging, inline coherent imaging (ICI), and optical imaging. The equipment, termed the Blown-powder Additive Manufacturing Process Replicator-II (BAMPR-II), also facilitates a range of unique process adaptations including the application of heat, magnetic fields, and ultrasound. Two case studies are described demonstrating how BAMPR-II reveals the underlying phenomena controlling DED, including: (1) simultaneous X-ray and ICI imaging to capture cracking mechanisms during DED; and (2) X-ray imaging of DED illustrating how magnetic fields can control flow in the melt pool.
定向能沉积（DED）增材制造的原位同步加速器研究提供了独特的工艺见解，使用高分辨率的空间和时间观察来揭示熔池动力学，相演变和缺陷形成机制。然而，在工业相关条件下捕捉这些现象仍然是一个挑战。在这里，展示了第二代DED设备，该设备复制了工业相关的工艺条件，同时实现了多模态原位监测，包括同步加速器x射线摄影和衍射，红外（IR）成像，在线相干成像（ICI）和光学成像。该设备被称为吹粉增材制造工艺复制器- ii (BAMPR-II)，还促进了一系列独特的工艺适应，包括热、磁场和超声波的应用。描述了两个案例研究，展示了BAMPR-II如何揭示控制DED的潜在现象，包括：(1)同时进行x射线和ICI成像以捕获DED过程中的开裂机制；(2) DED的x射线成像，说明磁场如何控制熔池中的流动。
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