Patricia Piedade, Nikoletta Matsur, C. Rodrigues, Francisco Cecilio, Afonso Marques, Rings Of Saturn, Isabel Neto, Hugo Nicolau
Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID) is characterized by the presence of at least two distinct identities in the same individual. This paper describes a co-design process with a person living with DID. We first aimed to uncover the main challenges experienced by the co-designer as well as design opportunities for novel technologies. We then engaged in a prototyping stage to design a wearable display (WhoDID) to facilitate in-person social interactions. The prototype aims to be used as a necklace and enable the user to make their fronting personality visible to others. Thus, facilitating social encounters or sudden changes of identity. We reflect on the design features of WhoDID in the broader context of supporting people with DID. Moreover, we provide insights on co-designing with someone with multiple (sometimes conflicting) personalities regarding requirement elicitation, decision-making, prototyping, and ethics. To our knowledge, we report the first design process with a DID user within the ASSETS and CHI communities. We aim to encourage other assistive technology researchers to design with DID users.
{"title":"Co-designing a Bespoken Wearable Display for People with Dissociative Identity Disorder","authors":"Patricia Piedade, Nikoletta Matsur, C. Rodrigues, Francisco Cecilio, Afonso Marques, Rings Of Saturn, Isabel Neto, Hugo Nicolau","doi":"10.1145/3517428.3550369","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3517428.3550369","url":null,"abstract":"Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID) is characterized by the presence of at least two distinct identities in the same individual. This paper describes a co-design process with a person living with DID. We first aimed to uncover the main challenges experienced by the co-designer as well as design opportunities for novel technologies. We then engaged in a prototyping stage to design a wearable display (WhoDID) to facilitate in-person social interactions. The prototype aims to be used as a necklace and enable the user to make their fronting personality visible to others. Thus, facilitating social encounters or sudden changes of identity. We reflect on the design features of WhoDID in the broader context of supporting people with DID. Moreover, we provide insights on co-designing with someone with multiple (sometimes conflicting) personalities regarding requirement elicitation, decision-making, prototyping, and ethics. To our knowledge, we report the first design process with a DID user within the ASSETS and CHI communities. We aim to encourage other assistive technology researchers to design with DID users.","PeriodicalId":384752,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 24th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115480591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The concept “Postcolonial Computing” suggests that the design and use of technology are different based on the culture of the users and designers. Therefore, design methodologies and variances need to be devised and evaluated according to the culture of the audience. Digital accessibility, as a component of design, has become an important topic in the field of HCI, and in my research, I will focus on the impact of cultural differences on “accessible design” in particular. When looking at accessibility on a global scale, we find that the representation of accessibility research is mostly centered in the Global North and the countries that are WEIRD (Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich, and Democratic). This suggests a possible cultural bias in accessibility research and accessible design. The focus of my research study will be on Iranian culture, a non-WEIRD country from the Global South with limited accessibility research dedicated to it. I aim to connect with Iranian designers, students, and educators to understand the existing challenges and how accessibility is being considered in design and education, and to come up with improvements in the digital accessibility resources for Iranian designers.
{"title":"Improving Web and Mobile Accessibility Resources for Iranian Designers","authors":"Laleh Nourian","doi":"10.1145/3517428.3550418","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3517428.3550418","url":null,"abstract":"The concept “Postcolonial Computing” suggests that the design and use of technology are different based on the culture of the users and designers. Therefore, design methodologies and variances need to be devised and evaluated according to the culture of the audience. Digital accessibility, as a component of design, has become an important topic in the field of HCI, and in my research, I will focus on the impact of cultural differences on “accessible design” in particular. When looking at accessibility on a global scale, we find that the representation of accessibility research is mostly centered in the Global North and the countries that are WEIRD (Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich, and Democratic). This suggests a possible cultural bias in accessibility research and accessible design. The focus of my research study will be on Iranian culture, a non-WEIRD country from the Global South with limited accessibility research dedicated to it. I aim to connect with Iranian designers, students, and educators to understand the existing challenges and how accessibility is being considered in design and education, and to come up with improvements in the digital accessibility resources for Iranian designers.","PeriodicalId":384752,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 24th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127139198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The making phenomenon encompasses a broad range of recent developments in personal design and fabrication capabilities, such as 3D printing and related techniques. As part of this, research projects and do-it-yourself assistive technology efforts have employed making in relation to accessibility. In order to better understand the relationship between people with disabilities and making, we conducted a systematic literature review focused on design-related ACM conferences between January 2010 and December 2020, identifying 74 full research papers. This paper presents our findings based on analysis and categorization of the literature to help characterize and understand trends and coverage in research on making and accessibility.
{"title":"Systematic Literature Review on Making and Accessibility","authors":"Saquib Sarwar, David Wilson","doi":"10.1145/3517428.3550377","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3517428.3550377","url":null,"abstract":"The making phenomenon encompasses a broad range of recent developments in personal design and fabrication capabilities, such as 3D printing and related techniques. As part of this, research projects and do-it-yourself assistive technology efforts have employed making in relation to accessibility. In order to better understand the relationship between people with disabilities and making, we conducted a systematic literature review focused on design-related ACM conferences between January 2010 and December 2020, identifying 74 full research papers. This paper presents our findings based on analysis and categorization of the literature to help characterize and understand trends and coverage in research on making and accessibility.","PeriodicalId":384752,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 24th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122171225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Many dementia-friendly social programs were adapted to online delivery due to the COVID pandemic. Hasty adaptations make it unclear how to design these programs to capture the benefits of online delivery and face-to-face interactions. To understand the complexities of program delivery, we interviewed program coordinators and held focus groups with people living with dementia (PLWD) and their informal carers. We applied an interdependence framework to examine how the relationships between individuals affect program benefits. We found that interdependencies within an organization related to finances and networking are key and that organizational and individual interdependencies converge during program delivery. Our findings suggest these two interdependencies could influence one another more effectively if technology, like video conferencing, were designed to account for it. We discuss how an expanded notion of interdependency for the design of technology helps expand inclusivity in accessible social programs.
{"title":"“Just like meeting in person” - Examination of interdependencies in dementia-friendly virtual activities.","authors":"Elaine Czech, P. Marshall, Oussama Metatla","doi":"10.1145/3517428.3544815","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3517428.3544815","url":null,"abstract":"Many dementia-friendly social programs were adapted to online delivery due to the COVID pandemic. Hasty adaptations make it unclear how to design these programs to capture the benefits of online delivery and face-to-face interactions. To understand the complexities of program delivery, we interviewed program coordinators and held focus groups with people living with dementia (PLWD) and their informal carers. We applied an interdependence framework to examine how the relationships between individuals affect program benefits. We found that interdependencies within an organization related to finances and networking are key and that organizational and individual interdependencies converge during program delivery. Our findings suggest these two interdependencies could influence one another more effectively if technology, like video conferencing, were designed to account for it. We discuss how an expanded notion of interdependency for the design of technology helps expand inclusivity in accessible social programs.","PeriodicalId":384752,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 24th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126228786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ridesharing services have become a popular mode of transportation that holds significant benefits for people with disabilities unable to operate conventional motor vehicles. Prior work shows how these services enable people with vision impairments to travel independently without the use of public transportation or walking. We conducted a study in which we observed 17 blind or visually impaired participants using the Uber ridesharing service to explore the social and accessibility dynamics they perceived during their experiences. This paper presents a case study of the process used for our research, reflecting on aspects that considerably impacted the study. Key takeaways include study site considerations, recruiting participants, balancing realism with participant safety, and the unintended side effects of observations in a ridesharing context. The reflection points provided will help readers in considering important study aspects when conducting observations with participants with disabilities, particularly in a ridesharing setting.
{"title":"Where Are You Taking Me? Reflections from Observing Ridesharing Use By People with Visual Impairments","authors":"Earl W. Huff, Robin N. Brewer, Julian Brinkley","doi":"10.1145/3517428.3551355","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3517428.3551355","url":null,"abstract":"Ridesharing services have become a popular mode of transportation that holds significant benefits for people with disabilities unable to operate conventional motor vehicles. Prior work shows how these services enable people with vision impairments to travel independently without the use of public transportation or walking. We conducted a study in which we observed 17 blind or visually impaired participants using the Uber ridesharing service to explore the social and accessibility dynamics they perceived during their experiences. This paper presents a case study of the process used for our research, reflecting on aspects that considerably impacted the study. Key takeaways include study site considerations, recruiting participants, balancing realism with participant safety, and the unintended side effects of observations in a ridesharing context. The reflection points provided will help readers in considering important study aspects when conducting observations with participants with disabilities, particularly in a ridesharing setting.","PeriodicalId":384752,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 24th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131961695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Y. Gizatdinova, V. Remizova, Antti Sand, Sumita Sharma, Kati Rantanen, T. Helminen, A. Kylliäinen
This paper describes a therapeutic full-body controlled video game for children with attention deficit / hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The game supports a co-located gameplay with a depth-sensing camera and a large media screen. Children play the game in pairs for improved impulse and behavior control, self-monitoring, peer-communication, and emotion regulation. The gaming was implemented as a part of a neuropsychological group intervention for children with confirmed deficits in attention or diagnosed ADHD. We present a final design of the game and associated gaming routines, explain anticipated health benefits of the gaming, outline how the gaming can be used for research and therapeutic purposes, and provide directions for future research.
{"title":"PigScape: An embodied video game for cognitive peer-training of impulse and behavior control in children with ADHD","authors":"Y. Gizatdinova, V. Remizova, Antti Sand, Sumita Sharma, Kati Rantanen, T. Helminen, A. Kylliäinen","doi":"10.1145/3517428.3550401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3517428.3550401","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes a therapeutic full-body controlled video game for children with attention deficit / hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The game supports a co-located gameplay with a depth-sensing camera and a large media screen. Children play the game in pairs for improved impulse and behavior control, self-monitoring, peer-communication, and emotion regulation. The gaming was implemented as a part of a neuropsychological group intervention for children with confirmed deficits in attention or diagnosed ADHD. We present a final design of the game and associated gaming routines, explain anticipated health benefits of the gaming, outline how the gaming can be used for research and therapeutic purposes, and provide directions for future research.","PeriodicalId":384752,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 24th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123632588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Laleh Nourian, Kristen Shinohara, Garreth W. Tigwell
Digital accessibility has become an important topic in the field of HCI, but when looking at accessibility on a global scale, we find that the representation of accessibility research is mostly centered in the Global North with countries that are WEIRD (Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich, and Democratic). Our paper explores digital accessibility in Iran, focusing exclusively on its national policies on accessibility. Iran is a non-WEIRD country located in the Global South, with no reports on its digital accessibility status from the Global Initiative for Inclusive Information and Communication Technologies (G3ict). We found that there is not enough focus on accessibility in Iran’s regulations and we conclude our paper by recommending directions for improving this situation such as HCI and disability organizations in Iran cooperating with G3ict.
{"title":"Digital Accessibility in Iran: An Investigation Focusing on Iran’s National Policies on Accessibility and Disability Support","authors":"Laleh Nourian, Kristen Shinohara, Garreth W. Tigwell","doi":"10.1145/3517428.3550385","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3517428.3550385","url":null,"abstract":"Digital accessibility has become an important topic in the field of HCI, but when looking at accessibility on a global scale, we find that the representation of accessibility research is mostly centered in the Global North with countries that are WEIRD (Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich, and Democratic). Our paper explores digital accessibility in Iran, focusing exclusively on its national policies on accessibility. Iran is a non-WEIRD country located in the Global South, with no reports on its digital accessibility status from the Global Initiative for Inclusive Information and Communication Technologies (G3ict). We found that there is not enough focus on accessibility in Iran’s regulations and we conclude our paper by recommending directions for improving this situation such as HCI and disability organizations in Iran cooperating with G3ict.","PeriodicalId":384752,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 24th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121897976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the US people with intellectual and developmental disabilities (I/DD) comprise one of the most likely groups to experience traumatic life events. These experiences often produce negative effects (e.g., stress, anxiety, grief, numbing, etc.) that need to be managed. Methods such as emotional self-regulation are often used to help people cope when these effects present themselves post-trauma. In recent years mobile-computing-devices-based apps have been increasingly used to help the general population with autonomous self-regulation. However, none of these is designed for people with I/DD or is cognizant of the trauma they experience in their lives. We interviewed eight (8) practitioners at a trauma services organization that, among other things, helps people with I/DD learn and practice post-trauma self-regulation. The goal of the interviews is to understand what it would take to build post-trauma self-regulation apps for people with I/DD. Based on the interview responses we argue for a set of guidelines, based on the social work practice of trauma-informed care, to design post-trauma self-regulation apps for people with I/DD.
{"title":"Designing Post-Trauma Self-Regulation Apps for People with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities","authors":"K. Venkatasubramanian, Tina-Marie Ranalli","doi":"10.1145/3517428.3544798","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3517428.3544798","url":null,"abstract":"In the US people with intellectual and developmental disabilities (I/DD) comprise one of the most likely groups to experience traumatic life events. These experiences often produce negative effects (e.g., stress, anxiety, grief, numbing, etc.) that need to be managed. Methods such as emotional self-regulation are often used to help people cope when these effects present themselves post-trauma. In recent years mobile-computing-devices-based apps have been increasingly used to help the general population with autonomous self-regulation. However, none of these is designed for people with I/DD or is cognizant of the trauma they experience in their lives. We interviewed eight (8) practitioners at a trauma services organization that, among other things, helps people with I/DD learn and practice post-trauma self-regulation. The goal of the interviews is to understand what it would take to build post-trauma self-regulation apps for people with I/DD. Based on the interview responses we argue for a set of guidelines, based on the social work practice of trauma-informed care, to design post-trauma self-regulation apps for people with I/DD.","PeriodicalId":384752,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 24th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility","volume":"95 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124724239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Over the last 2 decades, the way in which disabled body minds are regarded in research has evolved considerably. From an understanding that disability research involves research or enquiry on or of disabled people, there is now a shift in thinking that regards disability research as research done by and with disabled people as well, thus challenging traditional researcher-participant relationships. This has lead to a larger number of people with disabilities aspiring to enter academia. However, several barriers to full inclusion of people with disabilities still remain. This paper talks about one such barrier, that is, the lack of accessibility in software packages used for qualitative data analysis. Through the author’s experiences in hunting for accessible ways to perform qualitative data analysis, the paper reviews existing software packages, discusses possible workarounds, and considers the feature requirements for an accessible qualitative data analysis tool.
{"title":"Performing Qualitative Data Analysis as a Blind Researcher: Challenges, Workarounds and Design Recommendations","authors":"O. Aishwarya","doi":"10.1145/3517428.3551356","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3517428.3551356","url":null,"abstract":"Over the last 2 decades, the way in which disabled body minds are regarded in research has evolved considerably. From an understanding that disability research involves research or enquiry on or of disabled people, there is now a shift in thinking that regards disability research as research done by and with disabled people as well, thus challenging traditional researcher-participant relationships. This has lead to a larger number of people with disabilities aspiring to enter academia. However, several barriers to full inclusion of people with disabilities still remain. This paper talks about one such barrier, that is, the lack of accessibility in software packages used for qualitative data analysis. Through the author’s experiences in hunting for accessible ways to perform qualitative data analysis, the paper reviews existing software packages, discusses possible workarounds, and considers the feature requirements for an accessible qualitative data analysis tool.","PeriodicalId":384752,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 24th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility","volume":"136 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128572411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Increasingly, crowds plus machine learning techniques are being used to semi-automatically analyze the accessibility of built environments; however, open questions remain about how to effectively combine the two. We present two experiments examining the effect of crowdsourced data in automatically classifying sidewalk accessibility features in streetscape images. In Experiment 1, we investigate the effect of validated data—which has been voted correct by the crowd but is more expensive to collect—compared with a larger but noisier aggregate dataset. In Experiment 2, we examine whether crowdsourced labeled data gathered in one city can be used as effective training data for another. Together, these experiments contribute to the growing literature in Crowd+AI approaches for semi-automatic sidewalk assessment and help identify pertinent challenges.
{"title":"Scaling Crowd+AI Sidewalk Accessibility Assessments: Initial Experiments Examining Label Quality and Cross-city Training on Performance","authors":"Michael Duan, Jon E. Froehlich","doi":"10.1145/3517428.3550381","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3517428.3550381","url":null,"abstract":"Increasingly, crowds plus machine learning techniques are being used to semi-automatically analyze the accessibility of built environments; however, open questions remain about how to effectively combine the two. We present two experiments examining the effect of crowdsourced data in automatically classifying sidewalk accessibility features in streetscape images. In Experiment 1, we investigate the effect of validated data—which has been voted correct by the crowd but is more expensive to collect—compared with a larger but noisier aggregate dataset. In Experiment 2, we examine whether crowdsourced labeled data gathered in one city can be used as effective training data for another. Together, these experiments contribute to the growing literature in Crowd+AI approaches for semi-automatic sidewalk assessment and help identify pertinent challenges.","PeriodicalId":384752,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 24th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128296484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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