Pub Date : 2026-01-06DOI: 10.1016/j.matlet.2026.140062
Gaopeng Zou , Yuxi Qi , Zhiyuan Jing , Zhibin Zhang , Qianqian Wang , Zhenfeng Hu , Xiubing Liang , Baolong Shen
Developing solar selective absorbers (SSAs) that combine high solar-thermal conversion efficiency with long-term thermal stability is critical for advancing solar energy technologies. Here, we report a novel SSA based on a (TiZrHf)CxNy/Al2O3 bilayer nanofilm, leveraging a medium-entropy carbonitride as a robust refractory plasmonic material. The (TiZrHf)CxNy absorber layer self-assembles into a distinctive nanocomposite structure, with 2–3 nm crystalline nanoparticles embedded in an amorphous matrix. This structure enables intense and broadband solar absorption via the Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance (LSPR) effect, achieving a high solar absorptance. Concurrently, the SSA exhibits a low thermal emittance, ensuring minimal heat loss. Crucially, the SSA demonstrates exceptional thermal stability, with its optical properties remaining virtually unchanged after annealing at 400 °C in air for 10 h.
{"title":"(TiZrHf)CxNy/Al2O3 bilayer nanofilm enable enhanced solar selective absorption and thermal stability","authors":"Gaopeng Zou , Yuxi Qi , Zhiyuan Jing , Zhibin Zhang , Qianqian Wang , Zhenfeng Hu , Xiubing Liang , Baolong Shen","doi":"10.1016/j.matlet.2026.140062","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matlet.2026.140062","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Developing solar selective absorbers (SSAs) that combine high solar-thermal conversion efficiency with long-term thermal stability is critical for advancing solar energy technologies. Here, we report a novel SSA based on a (TiZrHf)C<sub><em>x</em></sub>N<sub><em>y</em></sub>/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> bilayer nanofilm, leveraging a medium-entropy carbonitride as a robust refractory plasmonic material. The (TiZrHf)C<sub><em>x</em></sub>N<sub><em>y</em></sub> absorber layer self-assembles into a distinctive nanocomposite structure, with 2–3 nm crystalline nanoparticles embedded in an amorphous matrix. This structure enables intense and broadband solar absorption via the Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance (LSPR) effect, achieving a high solar absorptance. Concurrently, the SSA exhibits a low thermal emittance, ensuring minimal heat loss. Crucially, the SSA demonstrates exceptional thermal stability, with its optical properties remaining virtually unchanged after annealing at 400 °C in air for 10 h.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":384,"journal":{"name":"Materials Letters","volume":"407 ","pages":"Article 140062"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145922564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-06DOI: 10.1016/j.matlet.2026.140056
G. Dinesh Kumar , S. Angales , Abinash Kumararaj , S. Kannan
Gd-doped Li4SiO4 inorganic solid electrolyte was synthesized via solid-state reaction with Gd3+ substitution at Si4+ sites (X = 0 %, 2 %, 4 %, 6 % and 8 %) in Li4GdxSi(1–0.75x)O4. XRD confirmed a monoclinic structure, FTIR identified functional groups, and TGA showed decomposition temperature. EIS revealed LSG6% had the highest ionic conductivity, 4.6 × 10−5 S cm−1, at room temperature (RT). LSV determined the electrolyte's potential stability of 1.76 V. Supercapacitor tests showed redox behavior (CV), mixed battery-pseudocapacitive nature (b = 0.641), and stable performance (GCD) with good capacitance retention and coulombic efficiency for LSG6%.
{"title":"Dual nature compound (Li4GdxSi(1–0.75x)O4) as a solid electrolyte for lithium-ion batteries and supercapacitors","authors":"G. Dinesh Kumar , S. Angales , Abinash Kumararaj , S. Kannan","doi":"10.1016/j.matlet.2026.140056","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matlet.2026.140056","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Gd-doped Li<sub>4</sub>SiO<sub>4</sub> inorganic solid electrolyte was synthesized via solid-state reaction with Gd<sup>3+</sup> substitution at Si<sup>4+</sup> sites (X = 0 %, 2 %, 4 %, 6 % and 8 %) in Li<sub>4</sub>Gd<sub>x</sub>Si<sub>(1</sub><sub>–</sub><sub>0.75x)</sub>O<sub>4</sub>. XRD confirmed a monoclinic structure, FTIR identified functional groups, and TGA showed decomposition temperature. EIS revealed LSG6% had the highest ionic conductivity, 4.6 × 10<sup>−5</sup> S cm<sup>−1</sup>, at room temperature (RT). LSV determined the electrolyte's potential stability of 1.76 V. Supercapacitor tests showed redox behavior (CV), mixed battery-pseudocapacitive nature (b = 0.641), and stable performance (GCD) with good capacitance retention and coulombic efficiency for LSG6%.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":384,"journal":{"name":"Materials Letters","volume":"407 ","pages":"Article 140056"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145922568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-06DOI: 10.1016/j.matlet.2026.140063
Xumin Liu , Kunlei Liu , Chao Ma , Chunchun Jia , Qingchen Dong , Shihui Yu
High-performance Ag nanowire (NW)-based transparent conductive electrodes (TCEs) that simultaneously achieve ultrahigh optical transparency, low sheet resistance, and exceptional environmental stability are reported. A SiO₂/Nb₂O₅/SiO₂ multilayer dielectric stack is deposited on glass to form a high-low-high refractive index architecture, enhancing transmittance via constructive interference. Ag NW networks are spin-coated and thermally annealed to optimize junction conductivity, followed by an ultrathin SiO₂ capping layer that anchors the NWs and prevents oxidation and corrosion. The optimized TCEs exhibit sheet resistance as low as 32.8 Ω/sq. and relative optical transmittance exceeding 99 %. They retain conductivity after extensive tape tests, ultrasonication, and prolonged chemical and environmental exposure. This strategy overcomes the conventional trade-off between conductivity, transparency, and stability, providing a scalable and generalizable approach for next-generation displays, solar cells, and sensors.
{"title":"Ultra-transparent Ag nanowire electrodes with exceeding 99 % optical transmittance and enhanced stability","authors":"Xumin Liu , Kunlei Liu , Chao Ma , Chunchun Jia , Qingchen Dong , Shihui Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.matlet.2026.140063","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matlet.2026.140063","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>High-performance Ag nanowire (NW)-based transparent conductive electrodes (TCEs) that simultaneously achieve ultrahigh optical transparency, low sheet resistance, and exceptional environmental stability are reported. A SiO₂/Nb₂O₅/SiO₂ multilayer dielectric stack is deposited on glass to form a high-low-high refractive index architecture, enhancing transmittance via constructive interference. Ag NW networks are spin-coated and thermally annealed to optimize junction conductivity, followed by an ultrathin SiO₂ capping layer that anchors the NWs and prevents oxidation and corrosion. The optimized TCEs exhibit sheet resistance as low as 32.8 Ω/sq. and relative optical transmittance exceeding 99 %. They retain conductivity after extensive tape tests, ultrasonication, and prolonged chemical and environmental exposure. This strategy overcomes the conventional trade-off between conductivity, transparency, and stability, providing a scalable and generalizable approach for next-generation displays, solar cells, and sensors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":384,"journal":{"name":"Materials Letters","volume":"407 ","pages":"Article 140063"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145922603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-05DOI: 10.1016/j.matlet.2026.140052
Ho Jin Jung , Tanaswini Patra , Young Je Kwon , Dong Jun Han , Kaiyun Zhang , Min Jeong Lee , Jeong-Gu Yeo , Hoik Lee , Jagannath Panda , Kie Yong Cho
Post-synthetic transmetalation was employed to partially replace Zn with Co in MOF-5, generating defect-rich bimetallic frameworks. Embedding Co-MOF-5 in a polymer matrix yields robust, porous films for NH3 sensing. The synergistic coexistence of ligand-deficient defect sites and mixed Zn/Co metal nodes enhances NH3 adsorption and charge-transfer interactions, while the porous film architecture ensures uniform gas access. Upon NH3 exposure, the films exhibit a clear color change accompanied by band-gap narrowing, enabling a simple optical sensing response. This solution-processable, scalable approach offers a general route to defect engineering in MOFs and advances practical, porous composite film-based gas sensors for environmental and industrial monitoring.
{"title":"Tailored defect-induced bimetallic MOF-integrated PVDF composite films for Ammonia detection","authors":"Ho Jin Jung , Tanaswini Patra , Young Je Kwon , Dong Jun Han , Kaiyun Zhang , Min Jeong Lee , Jeong-Gu Yeo , Hoik Lee , Jagannath Panda , Kie Yong Cho","doi":"10.1016/j.matlet.2026.140052","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matlet.2026.140052","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Post-synthetic transmetalation was employed to partially replace Zn with Co in MOF-5, generating defect-rich bimetallic frameworks. Embedding <em>Co</em>-MOF-5 in a polymer matrix yields robust, porous films for NH<sub>3</sub> sensing. The synergistic coexistence of ligand-deficient defect sites and mixed Zn/Co metal nodes enhances NH<sub>3</sub> adsorption and charge-transfer interactions, while the porous film architecture ensures uniform gas access. Upon NH<sub>3</sub> exposure, the films exhibit a clear color change accompanied by band-gap narrowing, enabling a simple optical sensing response. This solution-processable, scalable approach offers a general route to defect engineering in MOFs and advances practical, porous composite film-based gas sensors for environmental and industrial monitoring.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":384,"journal":{"name":"Materials Letters","volume":"407 ","pages":"Article 140052"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145922676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-05DOI: 10.1016/j.matlet.2026.140053
Xinyu Wang, Zhiwei Chen, Jin-ping Ao
This study demonstrates the successful fabrication of BiVO4 photoanodes on FTO substrates via electrodeposition, followed by the modification with Au NPs through cyclic voltammetry for the photoelectrochemical (PEC) detection of NO2−. The photoresponse characteristics, linear detection range, and selectivity of the fabricated electrodes were systematically investigated in NaNO2 solutions of varying concentrations. The results demonstrate that the BiVO4/Au electrode exhibits a desirable linear response across both high (0–80 mM) and low (0–4 mM) concentration ranges, with sensitivities of 0.1368 A·M−1·cm−2 and 0.2017 A·M−1·cm−2, respectively. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) were determined to be 0.356 mM and 1.185 mM for the high-concentration range, and 0.042 mM and 0.139 mM for the low-concentration range. And possesses sufficient anti-interference capability against common disturbances. This work provides a strategy for developing highly sensitive sensors for NO2− detection.
{"title":"Photoelectrochemical sensing of nitrite ions using a BiVO4/Au composite Schottky junction","authors":"Xinyu Wang, Zhiwei Chen, Jin-ping Ao","doi":"10.1016/j.matlet.2026.140053","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matlet.2026.140053","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study demonstrates the successful fabrication of BiVO<sub>4</sub> photoanodes on FTO substrates via electrodeposition, followed by the modification with Au NPs through cyclic voltammetry for the photoelectrochemical (PEC) detection of NO<sub>2</sub><sup>−</sup>. The photoresponse characteristics, linear detection range, and selectivity of the fabricated electrodes were systematically investigated in NaNO<sub>2</sub> solutions of varying concentrations. The results demonstrate that the BiVO<sub>4</sub>/Au electrode exhibits a desirable linear response across both high (0–80 mM) and low (0–4 mM) concentration ranges, with sensitivities of 0.1368 A·M<sup>−1</sup>·cm<sup>−2</sup> and 0.2017 A·M<sup>−1</sup>·cm<sup>−2</sup>, respectively. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) were determined to be 0.356 mM and 1.185 mM for the high-concentration range, and 0.042 mM and 0.139 mM for the low-concentration range. And possesses sufficient anti-interference capability against common disturbances. This work provides a strategy for developing highly sensitive sensors for NO<sub>2</sub><sup>−</sup> detection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":384,"journal":{"name":"Materials Letters","volume":"407 ","pages":"Article 140053"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145922565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-05DOI: 10.1016/j.matlet.2026.140057
Jiali Song , Wenbo Cui , Rui Teng , Xinrui Liu , Shouxin Liu , Wei Li
This study demonstrates a green one-pot synthesis of nitrogen-doped carbon dots (CDs) from waste licorice residue in a choline chloride-urea deep eutectic solvent (DES). The as-synthesized CDs exhibit uniform size (∼2.56 nm), graphitic structure, and strong blue fluorescence with a quantum yield of 7.59 %. The DES served as both reaction medium and dopant. The CDs functioned as a sensitive fluorescent probe for Fe3+ via a dynamic quenching mechanism, with a good linear range of 0–100 μM. This work presents a sustainable strategy for biomass valorization and environmental sensor development.
{"title":"Nitrogen-doped carbon dots from Licorice residue via deep eutectic solvents for fluorescence detection of Fe3+","authors":"Jiali Song , Wenbo Cui , Rui Teng , Xinrui Liu , Shouxin Liu , Wei Li","doi":"10.1016/j.matlet.2026.140057","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matlet.2026.140057","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study demonstrates a green one-pot synthesis of nitrogen-doped carbon dots (CDs) from waste licorice residue in a choline chloride-urea deep eutectic solvent (DES). The as-synthesized CDs exhibit uniform size (∼2.56 nm), graphitic structure, and strong blue fluorescence with a quantum yield of 7.59 %. The DES served as both reaction medium and dopant. The CDs functioned as a sensitive fluorescent probe for Fe<sup>3+</sup> via a dynamic quenching mechanism, with a good linear range of 0–100 μM. This work presents a sustainable strategy for biomass valorization and environmental sensor development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":384,"journal":{"name":"Materials Letters","volume":"407 ","pages":"Article 140057"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145922604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-04DOI: 10.1016/j.matlet.2026.140054
Yurika Sone, Kazuyoshi Sato
NiO/Y0.15Zr0.85O1.93 (yttria-stabilized zirconia; YSZ) nanocomposite particles were grown using a co-precipitation approach to prepare hydrogen electrodes with enhanced electrolysis performance for solid oxide electrolysis cells. The nanocomposite particles composed of uniformly distributed nano-sized NiO and YSZ phases with crystallite sizes of 38 and 33 nm, respectively, were successfully obtained via calcination of a co-precipitated precursor at 1000 °C. A hydrogen electrode fabricated using the NiO/YSZ nanocomposite particles exhibited superior electrolysis performance to that of an electrode derived from commercial powders. Microstructural and electrochemical characterizations suggest that the enhanced performance of the present hydrogen electrode can be attributed to well-developed ionic conduction pathways and enlarged triple-phase boundaries.
{"title":"NiO/yttria-stabilized zirconia nanocomposite particles for hydrogen electrodes with enhanced electrolysis performance in solid oxide electrolysis cells","authors":"Yurika Sone, Kazuyoshi Sato","doi":"10.1016/j.matlet.2026.140054","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matlet.2026.140054","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>NiO/Y<sub>0.15</sub>Zr<sub>0.85</sub>O<sub>1.93</sub> (yttria-stabilized zirconia; YSZ) nanocomposite particles were grown using a co-precipitation approach to prepare hydrogen electrodes with enhanced electrolysis performance for solid oxide electrolysis cells. The nanocomposite particles composed of uniformly distributed nano-sized NiO and YSZ phases with crystallite sizes of 38 and 33 nm, respectively, were successfully obtained via calcination of a co-precipitated precursor at 1000 °C. A hydrogen electrode fabricated using the NiO/YSZ nanocomposite particles exhibited superior electrolysis performance to that of an electrode derived from commercial powders. Microstructural and electrochemical characterizations suggest that the enhanced performance of the present hydrogen electrode can be attributed to well-developed ionic conduction pathways and enlarged triple-phase boundaries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":384,"journal":{"name":"Materials Letters","volume":"407 ","pages":"Article 140054"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145922493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This work proposes a rational-designed C@ZnMn2O4 sulfur host for Li-S batteries, which can inhibit the irreversible loss of polysulfides and further promote their fast conversion. LiS battery with the C@ZnMn2O4/S cathode delivers good cyclic stability at 0.5C, with a low decay rate of 0.092 % per cycle within 180 cycles. Therefore, this research furnishes a practicable approach for the design and implementation of advanced LiS batteries.
{"title":"Preparation and performance of the porous carbon-supported ZnMn2O4 catalyst as advanced sulfur hosts for LiS batteries","authors":"Zhuozhuo Wang , Hao Zhang , Kangqiao Miao , Peng Zeng","doi":"10.1016/j.matlet.2026.140055","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matlet.2026.140055","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work proposes a rational-designed C@ZnMn<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> sulfur host for Li-S batteries, which can inhibit the irreversible loss of polysulfides and further promote their fast conversion. Li<img>S battery with the C@ZnMn<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/S cathode delivers good cyclic stability at 0.5C, with a low decay rate of 0.092 % per cycle within 180 cycles. Therefore, this research furnishes a practicable approach for the design and implementation of advanced Li<img>S batteries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":384,"journal":{"name":"Materials Letters","volume":"407 ","pages":"Article 140055"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145922491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-03DOI: 10.1016/j.matlet.2026.140047
Wenzheng Chen , Li Liu , Yu Cui , Rui Liu , Peiling Ke , Fuhui Wang
This study investigated the role of grain orientation in the internal corrosion and hot salt stress corrosion cracking (HSSCC) behaviors of Ti60 under a humid NaCl-rich environment at 600 °C. By combining SEM morphology with grain orientation results, it is demonstrated that grain orientation controls the pathways of NaCl-induced internal corrosion and HSSCC. The internal oxides grow parallel to the (0001) basal planes within the α grains, proving high corrosion susceptibility along these planes. This crystal structure-dependent corrosion susceptibility further controls HSSCC behavior. Cracks propagate transgranularly along directions parallel to the basal planes, and the propagation mode between grains is governed by the difference in basal plane orientation.
{"title":"The role of grain orientation in NaCl-induced corrosion and stress corrosion cracking of Ti60 alloy at 600 °C","authors":"Wenzheng Chen , Li Liu , Yu Cui , Rui Liu , Peiling Ke , Fuhui Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.matlet.2026.140047","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matlet.2026.140047","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigated the role of grain orientation in the internal corrosion and hot salt stress corrosion cracking (HSSCC) behaviors of Ti60 under a humid NaCl-rich environment at 600 °C. By combining SEM morphology with grain orientation results, it is demonstrated that grain orientation controls the pathways of NaCl-induced internal corrosion and HSSCC. The internal oxides grow parallel to the (0001) basal planes within the α grains, proving high corrosion susceptibility along these planes. This crystal structure-dependent corrosion susceptibility further controls HSSCC behavior. Cracks propagate transgranularly along directions parallel to the basal planes, and the propagation mode between grains is governed by the difference in basal plane orientation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":384,"journal":{"name":"Materials Letters","volume":"407 ","pages":"Article 140047"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145922605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-03DOI: 10.1016/j.matlet.2026.140051
Yanjiang Wei, Xianlong Cao, Shuting Liao, Xun Zhan, Ruonan Wang
The practical application of phytic acid (PA) conversion coatings for magnesium alloys is limited by their required long treatment time and high temperature. A novel synergistic strategy was introduced using sodium metavanadate (NaVO3) and potassium hexafluorozirconate (K2ZrF6) as highly effective additives, enabling the formation of high-performance PA conversion coatings under mild conditions (3 min, 30 °C). The morphology, chemical composition, and corrosion performance of the composite coatings were characterized using SEM, EDS, XPS, and electrochemical measurements. Results indicate that NaVO3 promotes the adsorption of phytic acid molecules, accelerating coating growth and reducing crack size, primarily through the formation of V2O5. Conversely, K2ZrF6 preferentially reacts with the β-phase (Mg17Al12), mitigating its adverse impact and improving coating uniformity by forming ZrO2 and ZrF4. The co-addition of both additives demonstrates a remarkable synergistic effect: K2ZrF6 eliminates the cathodic β-phase, thereby providing a more uniform surface for the enhanced action of NaVO3. This synergy yields a denser and more homogeneous coating, which is corroborated by a significant decrease in corrosion current density (to 3.78 × 10−6 A·cm−2) and a substantial increase in polarization resistance (up to 5000 Ω·cm2).
{"title":"Synergistic effect of V and Zr in phytic acid conversion coating on AZ91D magnesium alloy","authors":"Yanjiang Wei, Xianlong Cao, Shuting Liao, Xun Zhan, Ruonan Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.matlet.2026.140051","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matlet.2026.140051","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The practical application of phytic acid (PA) conversion coatings for magnesium alloys is limited by their required long treatment time and high temperature. A novel synergistic strategy was introduced using sodium metavanadate (NaVO<sub>3</sub>) and potassium hexafluorozirconate (K<sub>2</sub>ZrF<sub>6</sub>) as highly effective additives, enabling the formation of high-performance PA conversion coatings under mild conditions (3 min, 30 °C). The morphology, chemical composition, and corrosion performance of the composite coatings were characterized using SEM, EDS, XPS, and electrochemical measurements. Results indicate that NaVO<sub>3</sub> promotes the adsorption of phytic acid molecules, accelerating coating growth and reducing crack size, primarily through the formation of V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>. Conversely, K<sub>2</sub>ZrF<sub>6</sub> preferentially reacts with the β-phase (Mg<sub>17</sub>Al<sub>12</sub>), mitigating its adverse impact and improving coating uniformity by forming ZrO<sub>2</sub> and ZrF<sub>4</sub>. The co-addition of both additives demonstrates a remarkable synergistic effect: K<sub>2</sub>ZrF<sub>6</sub> eliminates the cathodic β-phase, thereby providing a more uniform surface for the enhanced action of NaVO<sub>3</sub>. This synergy yields a denser and more homogeneous coating, which is corroborated by a significant decrease in corrosion current density (to 3.78 × 10<sup>−6</sup> A·cm<sup>−2</sup>) and a substantial increase in polarization resistance (up to 5000 Ω·cm<sup>2</sup>).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":384,"journal":{"name":"Materials Letters","volume":"407 ","pages":"Article 140051"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145922486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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