In this research, an 8/20 μs pulse current generator was used to measure the residual voltage ratio of bismuth-free ZnO varistor ceramics under different pulse currents. Furthermore, 1/200 μs EMP pulse test is adopted to compare the peak voltage of varistors with and without bismuth. Additionally, continuous multiple impulse tests under a 75 A current were conducted to investigate the influence law of element doping content on the residual voltage ratio of varistors. The results show that when the doping amount of Ca is 2 mol%, Co is 0.5 mol%, and Cr is 0.4 mol%, the residual voltage ratio is 1.84, the stability is the best, the change rate of the residual voltage ratio is 1.1 %, the change of the nonlinear coefficient is −0.8 %, and the change rate of the breakdown voltage is −0.7 %. This study offers a new approach for the preparation of varistors with low residual voltage ratio.
{"title":"Analysis of residual voltage ratio changes of bismuth-free ZnO varistor ceramics under pulse current","authors":"Wenjun Wang, Zengying Hu, Qiang Chen, Haotong Ma, Mingyu Heng, Jing Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.matlet.2025.139840","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matlet.2025.139840","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this research, an 8/20 μs pulse current generator was used to measure the residual voltage ratio of bismuth-free ZnO varistor ceramics under different pulse currents. Furthermore, 1/200 μs EMP pulse test is adopted to compare the peak voltage of varistors with and without bismuth. Additionally, continuous multiple impulse tests under a 75 A current were conducted to investigate the influence law of element doping content on the residual voltage ratio of varistors. The results show that when the doping amount of Ca is 2 mol%, Co is 0.5 mol%, and Cr is 0.4 mol%, the residual voltage ratio is 1.84, the stability is the best, the change rate of the residual voltage ratio is 1.1 %, the change of the nonlinear coefficient is −0.8 %, and the change rate of the breakdown voltage is −0.7 %. This study offers a new approach for the preparation of varistors with low residual voltage ratio.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":384,"journal":{"name":"Materials Letters","volume":"406 ","pages":"Article 139840"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145682251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The phase development and microstructural refinement of 90Al–7Ni–3Zr (at. %) mixture powders were clarified by analyzing their structural evolution during ball milling. Through solid-state diffusion, progressive milling converted the original phases into nanocrystalline intermetallics. While XRD and Rietveld refinement verified the sequential development of Al(Ni,Zr), Ni5(Zr,Al), Ni3(Al,Zr), and amorphous phases, SEM showed a shift from coarse particles to a uniform nanostructure. Crystallite sizes of 12 nm with high lattice strain and dislocation density (∼1017 m−2) were obtained after 200 h of milling. These findings demonstrate that mechanical alloying effectively promotes phase transformation and nanostructure development in the Al90Ni7Zr3 alloy, enabling the synthesis of stable nanocrystalline intermetallic alloys.
{"title":"Controlled phase transformation and nanostructure development in Al–Ni7Zr3 mixture powders via mechanical alloying","authors":"Bassem Hajji , Hanen Rekik , Rahma Brahem , Mohamed Khitouni , Mahmoud Chemingui","doi":"10.1016/j.matlet.2025.139844","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matlet.2025.139844","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The phase development and microstructural refinement of 90Al–7Ni–3Zr (at. %) mixture powders were clarified by analyzing their structural evolution during ball milling. Through solid-state diffusion, progressive milling converted the original phases into nanocrystalline intermetallics. While XRD and Rietveld refinement verified the sequential development of Al(Ni,Zr), Ni<sub>5</sub>(Zr,Al), Ni<sub>3</sub>(Al,Zr), and amorphous phases, SEM showed a shift from coarse particles to a uniform nanostructure. Crystallite sizes of 12 nm with high lattice strain and dislocation density (∼10<sup>17</sup> m<sup>−2</sup>) were obtained after 200 h of milling. These findings demonstrate that mechanical alloying effectively promotes phase transformation and nanostructure development in the Al<sub>90</sub>Ni<sub>7</sub>Zr<sub>3</sub> alloy, enabling the synthesis of stable nanocrystalline intermetallic alloys.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":384,"journal":{"name":"Materials Letters","volume":"406 ","pages":"Article 139844"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145616740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-27DOI: 10.1016/j.matlet.2025.139857
P.E. Castellanos-Hernández , R. Ruelas , O. Ceballos-Sánchez , A. Sánchez-Martínez , E.R. López-Mena
This work presents a study of the photoluminescent effect of Carbon Quantum Dots (CQDs) obtained from Hibiscus Sabdariffa flowers by a simple calcination method, without thermal pretreatment, processed in open-air and using precursors with a higher content of functional groups. CQDs exhibited high UV-light absorption, blue light emission, and a Quantum Yield (QY) of 22.09 % when Sudán flower was calcinated on a hot-plate. The influence of functional groups and crystalline core on the photoluminescence effect was assessed. Results showed an increase in the crystalline grade at high temperatures (450 °C), as well as a reduction in functional groups. Both aspects demonstrated their relevance on photoluminescent emission.
{"title":"Study of the photoluminescent phenomenon of carbon quantum dots from Hibiscus Sabdariffa flowers","authors":"P.E. Castellanos-Hernández , R. Ruelas , O. Ceballos-Sánchez , A. Sánchez-Martínez , E.R. López-Mena","doi":"10.1016/j.matlet.2025.139857","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matlet.2025.139857","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work presents a study of the photoluminescent effect of Carbon Quantum Dots (CQDs) obtained from <em>Hibiscus Sabdariffa</em> flowers by a simple calcination method, without thermal pretreatment, processed in open-air and using precursors with a higher content of functional groups. CQDs exhibited high UV-light absorption, blue light emission, and a Quantum Yield (QY) of 22.09 % when <em>Sudán</em> flower was calcinated on a hot-plate. The influence of functional groups and crystalline core on the photoluminescence effect was assessed. Results showed an increase in the crystalline grade at high temperatures (450 °C), as well as a reduction in functional groups. Both aspects demonstrated their relevance on photoluminescent emission.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":384,"journal":{"name":"Materials Letters","volume":"406 ","pages":"Article 139857"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145682261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dual modification of FeWO4 by combining with cyclized polyacrylonitrile (CPAN) and reduced graphene oxide (RGO) was conducted for achieving synergistically enhanced photocatalysis. RGO/CPAN/FeWO4 ternary photocatalyst was synthesized by hydrothermal treatment of CPAN/FeWO4 composite, graphene oxide and l-ascorbic acid at 90 °C for 10 h. Its photocatalytic performance in the reduction of Cr(VI) under visible-light (wavelength > 420 nm) irradiation was evaluated. The results indicated that RGO and CPAN have synergistic effect on boosting the photocatalysis of FeWO4, enabling RGO/CPAN/FeWO4 to possess a photocatalytic activity 3.1 times that of CPAN/FeWO4, 2.7 times that of RGO/FeWO4, and 7.4 times that of FeWO4. Moreover, the composition and elemental valences of RGO/CPAN/FeWO4 remained hardly changed during photocatalytic reuse tests. It was found that RGO can enhance the adsorption of Cr(VI), and both RGO and CPAN can facilitate the transfer and separation of photogenerated electrons and holes, thereby synergistically improving the photocatalytic activity of FeWO4.
{"title":"Synthesis of reduced graphene oxide/cyclized polyacrylonitrile/FeWO4 ternary photocatalyst with synergistically enhanced activity","authors":"Tianxi Xu , Jiapeng Qian , Xiaoqin Jia , Yongcai Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.matlet.2025.139887","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matlet.2025.139887","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dual modification of FeWO<sub>4</sub> by combining with cyclized polyacrylonitrile (CPAN) and reduced graphene oxide (RGO) was conducted for achieving synergistically enhanced photocatalysis. RGO/CPAN/FeWO<sub>4</sub> ternary photocatalyst was synthesized by hydrothermal treatment of CPAN/FeWO<sub>4</sub> composite, graphene oxide and <span>l</span>-ascorbic acid at 90 °C for 10 h. Its photocatalytic performance in the reduction of Cr(VI) under visible-light (wavelength > 420 nm) irradiation was evaluated. The results indicated that RGO and CPAN have synergistic effect on boosting the photocatalysis of FeWO<sub>4</sub>, enabling RGO/CPAN/FeWO<sub>4</sub> to possess a photocatalytic activity 3.1 times that of CPAN/FeWO<sub>4</sub>, 2.7 times that of RGO/FeWO<sub>4</sub>, and 7.4 times that of FeWO<sub>4</sub>. Moreover, the composition and elemental valences of RGO/CPAN/FeWO<sub>4</sub> remained hardly changed during photocatalytic reuse tests. It was found that RGO can enhance the adsorption of Cr(VI), and both RGO and CPAN can facilitate the transfer and separation of photogenerated electrons and holes, thereby synergistically improving the photocatalytic activity of FeWO<sub>4</sub>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":384,"journal":{"name":"Materials Letters","volume":"406 ","pages":"Article 139887"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145622275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-26DOI: 10.1016/j.matlet.2025.139879
Ronghua Qiu , Hongsheng Luo , Yiheng Liu , Qingqing Yuan , Shentgzung Chiang , Jentsung Lin , Xiangjun Fu , Yunsong Zhang , Fei Liang
Through a silane-hydride addition reaction, the ultraviolet (UV) absorber 2-[2-hydroxy-5-[2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl]phenyl]-2H-benzotriazole (BHEM) was introduced into the hydrogenated polysiloxane (PMHS) side chains, resulting in the preparation of a UV-absorber-functionalized siloxane (PM/BH). The effect of the molar ratio of vinyl to SiH in the grafting reaction on the molecular characteristics and rheological behavior of PM/BH was analyzed. PM/BH was then used in the fabrication of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) films, successfully producing a PDMS composite film (PD-PM/BH) with both high transparency and excellent UV shielding performance. Further investigation was conducted on how different grafting reaction molar ratios of PM/BH affected the mechanical properties, transparency, and UV shielding performance of the composite films. The results indicated that all composite film samples maintained high transparency and outstanding UV shielding capabilities, with visible light transmittance exceeding 85 %. The PM/BH prepared by grafting at a vinyl-to-Si-H molar ratio of 0.1 imparted the composite film with the best mechanical properties.
{"title":"Preparation and application of UV absorber functionalized siloxane: A transparent and high ultraviolet shielding performance polydimethylsiloxane film","authors":"Ronghua Qiu , Hongsheng Luo , Yiheng Liu , Qingqing Yuan , Shentgzung Chiang , Jentsung Lin , Xiangjun Fu , Yunsong Zhang , Fei Liang","doi":"10.1016/j.matlet.2025.139879","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matlet.2025.139879","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Through a silane-hydride addition reaction, the ultraviolet (UV) absorber 2-[2-hydroxy-5-[2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl]phenyl]-2H-benzotriazole (BHEM) was introduced into the hydrogenated polysiloxane (PMHS) side chains, resulting in the preparation of a UV-absorber-functionalized siloxane (PM/BH). The effect of the molar ratio of vinyl to Si<img>H in the grafting reaction on the molecular characteristics and rheological behavior of PM/BH was analyzed. PM/BH was then used in the fabrication of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) films, successfully producing a PDMS composite film (PD-PM/BH) with both high transparency and excellent UV shielding performance. Further investigation was conducted on how different grafting reaction molar ratios of PM/BH affected the mechanical properties, transparency, and UV shielding performance of the composite films. The results indicated that all composite film samples maintained high transparency and outstanding UV shielding capabilities, with visible light transmittance exceeding 85 %. The PM/BH prepared by grafting at a vinyl-to-Si-H molar ratio of 0.1 imparted the composite film with the best mechanical properties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":384,"journal":{"name":"Materials Letters","volume":"406 ","pages":"Article 139879"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145682270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-26DOI: 10.1016/j.matlet.2025.139846
Tiefeng Xu, Jing Yao, Xiaojie Sui, Wangyang Lu
Photocatalysis has displayed potential for applications in remediation of organic contaminants as an environmentally friendly approach. Herein, sulfur-doped spherical carbon nitride (SCN-S) was successfully synthesized by introducing sulfur into spherical carbon nitride (SCN). The photocatalytic removal efficiency of sulfamethoxazole by SCN-S through activating peroxymonosulfate reached 99 % under solar light irradiation. Additionally, the photocatalytic degradation mechanism was elucidated based on the results of active species trapping experiments and electron paramagnetic resonance.
{"title":"Construction of sulfur-doped spherical carbon nitride photocatalysts for the efficient removal of sulfonamide antibiotics","authors":"Tiefeng Xu, Jing Yao, Xiaojie Sui, Wangyang Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.matlet.2025.139846","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matlet.2025.139846","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Photocatalysis has displayed potential for applications in remediation of organic contaminants as an environmentally friendly approach. Herein, sulfur-doped spherical carbon nitride (SCN-S) was successfully synthesized by introducing sulfur into spherical carbon nitride (SCN). The photocatalytic removal efficiency of sulfamethoxazole by SCN-S through activating peroxymonosulfate reached 99 % under solar light irradiation. Additionally, the photocatalytic degradation mechanism was elucidated based on the results of active species trapping experiments and electron paramagnetic resonance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":384,"journal":{"name":"Materials Letters","volume":"406 ","pages":"Article 139846"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145682257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-26DOI: 10.1016/j.matlet.2025.139875
Wang Fengqin , Wu Lihong , Jiang Yinfang , Kong Dejun
Plasma-sprayed Al₂O₃–40 %TiO₂ (AT40) coating was processed by laser remelting (LR), and the influences of LR on its microstructure and electrochemical performance were systematically investigated. The results show that the corrosion current density of laser-remelted AT40 coating (8.299 × 10−7 A/cm2) is lower than that of plasma-sprayed AT40 coating (3.112 × 10−6 A/cm2), indicating the improvement of corrosion resistance. The findings reveal that LR significantly enhances the corrosion resistance of AT40 coating, which identifies the crucial role of diffusion impedance during the corrosion processes.
{"title":"Microstructure and electrochemical performance of plasma-sprayed Al2O3–40 %TiO2 coating by laser remelting","authors":"Wang Fengqin , Wu Lihong , Jiang Yinfang , Kong Dejun","doi":"10.1016/j.matlet.2025.139875","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matlet.2025.139875","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Plasma-sprayed Al₂O₃–40 %TiO₂ (AT40) coating was processed by laser remelting (LR), and the influences of LR on its microstructure and electrochemical performance were systematically investigated. The results show that the corrosion current density of laser-remelted AT40 coating (8.299 × 10<sup>−7</sup> A/cm<sup>2</sup>) is lower than that of plasma-sprayed AT40 coating (3.112 × 10<sup>−6</sup> A/cm<sup>2</sup>), indicating the improvement of corrosion resistance. The findings reveal that LR significantly enhances the corrosion resistance of AT40 coating, which identifies the crucial role of diffusion impedance during the corrosion processes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":384,"journal":{"name":"Materials Letters","volume":"406 ","pages":"Article 139875"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145682255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In recent years, solar cell research has primarily aimed to enhance power conversion efficiency (PCE), with most efforts focused on mono-facial devices. This study presents a comparative analysis showing the superior performance of bifacial solar cells over their mono-facial counterparts. The simulated device structure is ITO/Me4PACz/KGeCl₃/C₆₀/SnO₂, illuminated from both the front (ITO) and rear (SnO₂) sides. The KGeCl₃-based bifacial cell was evaluated on six rear surfaces—green grass, white sandpaper, red bricks, dry grass, concrete, and snow. The corresponding VOC (V) and FF (%) values for the rear surfaces are: snow (1.138, 73.90), concrete (1.107, 80.34), dry grass (1.119, 78.55), red bricks (1.102, 80.94), white sandpaper (1.131, 75.89), and green grass (1.102, 80.94). The combined front and rear PCEs are: green grass (24.78 %), white sandpaper (24.78 %), red bricks (24.20 %), dry grass (23.91 %), concrete (23.59 %), and snow (23.39 %). Capacitance and impedance analyses were performed to study interfacial and carrier dynamics. The results confirm that bifacial architecture offers improved energy harvesting compared to conventional mono-facial configurations.
{"title":"Influence of surface albedo on the efficiency of KGeCl3-based bifacial solar cells","authors":"Nikhil Shrivastav , Jaya Madan , Mohamed Alla , Rahul Pandey","doi":"10.1016/j.matlet.2025.139878","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matlet.2025.139878","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In recent years, solar cell research has primarily aimed to enhance power conversion efficiency (PCE), with most efforts focused on mono-facial devices. This study presents a comparative analysis showing the superior performance of bifacial solar cells over their mono-facial counterparts. The simulated device structure is ITO/Me4PACz/KGeCl₃/C₆₀/SnO₂, illuminated from both the front (ITO) and rear (SnO₂) sides. The KGeCl₃-based bifacial cell was evaluated on six rear surfaces—green grass, white sandpaper, red bricks, dry grass, concrete, and snow. The corresponding VOC (V) and FF (%) values for the rear surfaces are: snow (1.138, 73.90), concrete (1.107, 80.34), dry grass (1.119, 78.55), red bricks (1.102, 80.94), white sandpaper (1.131, 75.89), and green grass (1.102, 80.94). The combined front and rear PCEs are: green grass (24.78 %), white sandpaper (24.78 %), red bricks (24.20 %), dry grass (23.91 %), concrete (23.59 %), and snow (23.39 %). Capacitance and impedance analyses were performed to study interfacial and carrier dynamics. The results confirm that bifacial architecture offers improved energy harvesting compared to conventional mono-facial configurations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":384,"journal":{"name":"Materials Letters","volume":"406 ","pages":"Article 139878"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145622273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-26DOI: 10.1016/j.matlet.2025.139880
Aldo Elizarraraz Perez , José de Jesús Pérez Bueno , José Germán Flores López
An ambient, oven- and vacuum-free route is presented to pattern the active elements of an in-plane Li-ion micro-cell by coupling an atmospheric-pressure plasma jet (APPJ) with ultrasonic aerosol delivery. Ta-doped garnet (Ta-LLZO), graphite, and LiFePO₄ (LFP) are deposited as thin coatings on rigid glass using an APPJ clean–deposit–stabilize sequence with aqueous suspensions. Standoff, scan speed, hatch spacing, and pass count control line continuity and edge fidelity. Optical/SEM confirm continuous coatings and preserved alignment after multi-material sequencing. Ta-LLZO exhibits in-plane mottling at higher pass counts that is mitigated by reducing cycles. APPJ–aerosol route leverages plasma-assisted wetting to enable ambient patterning of narrow solid-electrolyte features. Because it uses sprayable aqueous suspensions, the method is, in principle, compatible with slurries formulated from direct-recycled powders, such as relithiated LFP.
{"title":"Ambient in-plane Li-ion cell patterning via APPJ-assisted aerosol deposition of Ta-LLZO, LiFePO4, and graphite","authors":"Aldo Elizarraraz Perez , José de Jesús Pérez Bueno , José Germán Flores López","doi":"10.1016/j.matlet.2025.139880","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matlet.2025.139880","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>An ambient, oven- and vacuum-free route is presented to pattern the active elements of an in-plane Li-ion micro-cell by coupling an atmospheric-pressure plasma jet (APPJ) with ultrasonic aerosol delivery. Ta-doped garnet (Ta-LLZO), graphite, and LiFePO₄ (LFP) are deposited as thin coatings on rigid glass using an APPJ clean–deposit–stabilize sequence with aqueous suspensions. Standoff, scan speed, hatch spacing, and pass count control line continuity and edge fidelity. Optical/SEM confirm continuous coatings and preserved alignment after multi-material sequencing. Ta-LLZO exhibits in-plane mottling at higher pass counts that is mitigated by reducing cycles. APPJ–aerosol route leverages plasma-assisted wetting to enable ambient patterning of narrow solid-electrolyte features. Because it uses sprayable aqueous suspensions, the method is, in principle, compatible with slurries formulated from direct-recycled powders, such as relithiated LFP.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":384,"journal":{"name":"Materials Letters","volume":"406 ","pages":"Article 139880"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145616737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-26DOI: 10.1016/j.matlet.2025.139876
Xin Yan, Xinru Ren, Na Wang
Conventional carbothermal reduction synthesis of ZrC nanoparticles faces challenges such as prolonged reaction time and particle agglomeration. Here, we develop a flash Joule heating (FJH) process for the ultrafast synthesis of ZrC nanocrystals within 20 s. By employing UIO-66 metal-organic frameworks as a precursor, well-dispersed octahedron-like porous ZrC nanoparticles were successfully prepared. The results demonstrate that the transient high-temperature field generated by FJH significantly enhances reaction kinetics, facilitating the direct formation of ZrC nanoparticles. Furthermore, the as-synthesized ZrC nanoparticles exhibit strong near-infrared absorption and high photothermal conversion efficiency.
{"title":"Flash joule heating synthesis of octahedral-like porous ZrC nanoparticles for enhanced photothermal performance","authors":"Xin Yan, Xinru Ren, Na Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.matlet.2025.139876","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matlet.2025.139876","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Conventional carbothermal reduction synthesis of ZrC nanoparticles faces challenges such as prolonged reaction time and particle agglomeration. Here, we develop a flash Joule heating (FJH) process for the ultrafast synthesis of ZrC nanocrystals within 20 s. By employing UIO-66 metal-organic frameworks as a precursor, well-dispersed octahedron-like porous ZrC nanoparticles were successfully prepared. The results demonstrate that the transient high-temperature field generated by FJH significantly enhances reaction kinetics, facilitating the direct formation of ZrC nanoparticles. Furthermore, the as-synthesized ZrC nanoparticles exhibit strong near-infrared absorption and high photothermal conversion efficiency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":384,"journal":{"name":"Materials Letters","volume":"406 ","pages":"Article 139876"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145622329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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