Pub Date : 2026-01-10DOI: 10.1016/j.matlet.2026.140079
Xinxin Yan, Si Chen, Can Jiang, Yunfei Zhang, Qiao Zhang, Hui Liu, Feipeng Du
Spin crossover (SCO) complexes hold immense potential for thermoelectric applications due to their temperature sensitivity. Herein, a kind of thermoelectric composite material based on SCO iron (II) complex [Fe(NH2trz)3](BF4)2 and single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) has been fabricated for advanced temperature sensing applications. When the mass ratio of SCO to SWCNTs is 3:20 and the temperature is 300 K, the composite has an electrical conductivity of 2033.1 ± 26.6 S cm−1 and a power factor of 144.4 ± 3.8 μW m−1 K−2. In contrast, pure SWCNTs only have an electrical conductivity of 1414.6 ± 22.5 S cm−1 and a power factor of 88.2 ± 4.2 μW m−1 K−2 at the same temperature. Moreover, the electrical conductivity of the composite changes more with temperature than that of pure SWCNTs when the temperature rises from 300 K to 400 K, which indicates that the composite is more sensitive to temperature. Therefore, a thermoelectric material with enhanced thermoelectric performance and temperature sensitivity has been successfully fabricated and has potential application in the field of temperature sensing.
自旋交叉（SCO）配合物由于其温度敏感性，在热电应用中具有巨大的潜力。本文制备了一种基于SCO铁（II）配合物[Fe(NH2trz)3](BF4)2和单壁碳纳米管（SWCNT）的热电复合材料，用于高级温度传感应用。当SCO与SWCNTs的质量比为3:20，温度为300 K时，复合材料的电导率为2033.1±26.6 S cm−1，功率因数为144.4±3.8 μW m−1 K−2。相比之下，在相同温度下，纯SWCNTs的电导率仅为1414.6±22.5 S cm−1，功率因数为88.2±4.2 μW m−1 K−2。此外，当温度从300 K升高到400 K时，复合材料的电导率随温度的变化比纯SWCNTs的电导率变化更大，这表明复合材料对温度更敏感。因此，成功制备了一种具有增强热电性能和温度敏感性的热电材料，并在温度传感领域具有潜在的应用前景。
{"title":"A novel thermoelectric composite material based on spin-crossover iron (II) complex","authors":"Xinxin Yan, Si Chen, Can Jiang, Yunfei Zhang, Qiao Zhang, Hui Liu, Feipeng Du","doi":"10.1016/j.matlet.2026.140079","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matlet.2026.140079","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Spin crossover (SCO) complexes hold immense potential for thermoelectric applications due to their temperature sensitivity. Herein, a kind of thermoelectric composite material based on SCO iron (II) complex [Fe(NH<sub>2</sub>trz)<sub>3</sub>](BF<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub> and single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) has been fabricated for advanced temperature sensing applications. When the mass ratio of SCO to SWCNTs is 3:20 and the temperature is 300 K, the composite has an electrical conductivity of 2033.1 ± 26.6 S cm<sup>−1</sup> and a power factor of 144.4 ± 3.8 μW m<sup>−1</sup> K<sup>−2</sup>. In contrast, pure SWCNTs only have an electrical conductivity of 1414.6 ± 22.5 S cm<sup>−1</sup> and a power factor of 88.2 ± 4.2 μW m<sup>−1</sup> K<sup>−2</sup> at the same temperature. Moreover, the electrical conductivity of the composite changes more with temperature than that of pure SWCNTs when the temperature rises from 300 K to 400 K, which indicates that the composite is more sensitive to temperature. Therefore, a thermoelectric material with enhanced thermoelectric performance and temperature sensitivity has been successfully fabricated and has potential application in the field of temperature sensing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":384,"journal":{"name":"Materials Letters","volume":"407 ","pages":"Article 140079"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145973787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-10DOI: 10.1016/j.matlet.2026.140089
Ecenaz Yaman , Sevval Sinem Dogan , Berat Bora Balikli , Mehmet Kurt , Tuluhan Olcayto Colak , Cigdem Tuc Altaf , Nurdan Demirci Sankir , Mehmet Sankir
Photoelectrochemical behavior of spray-pyrolyzed (MgNiCuCoZnFe)Ox high entropy compounds (HEC) is shown. The study revealed bare HEC had a higher anodic photocurrent density compared to the bare ZnO and heterojunction electrodes. However, the detectivity (2.7 × 1010 Jones) and sensitivity (275%) of the heterojunction electrodes were superior to bare HEC electrodes. FZO and ZnO layers have IPCE values below 10%, while the heterojunction has 83% at 367 nm and 63% at 382 nm. ABPE values of the heterojunction electrode were calculated for 382 nm, 367 nm, and AM1.5 light sources. The maximum ABPE at 382 nm, 367 nm, and AM1.5 light was 45.3% at 0.3 V, 58.33% at 0 V bias, and 1.22% at 0.5 V bias, respectively.
{"title":"A novel spray-pyrolyzed high-entropy electrode for efficient photoelectrochemical water splitting without bias potential","authors":"Ecenaz Yaman , Sevval Sinem Dogan , Berat Bora Balikli , Mehmet Kurt , Tuluhan Olcayto Colak , Cigdem Tuc Altaf , Nurdan Demirci Sankir , Mehmet Sankir","doi":"10.1016/j.matlet.2026.140089","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matlet.2026.140089","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Photoelectrochemical behavior of spray-pyrolyzed (MgNiCuCoZnFe)O<sub>x</sub> high entropy compounds (HEC) is shown. The study revealed bare HEC had a higher anodic photocurrent density compared to the bare ZnO and heterojunction electrodes. However, the detectivity (2.7 × 10<sup>10</sup> Jones) and sensitivity (275%) of the heterojunction electrodes were superior to bare HEC electrodes. FZO and ZnO layers have IPCE values below 10%, while the heterojunction has 83% at 367 nm and 63% at 382 nm. ABPE values of the heterojunction electrode were calculated for 382 nm, 367 nm, and AM1.5 light sources. The maximum ABPE at 382 nm, 367 nm, and AM1.5 light was 45.3% at 0.3 V, 58.33% at 0 V bias, and 1.22% at 0.5 V bias, respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":384,"journal":{"name":"Materials Letters","volume":"407 ","pages":"Article 140089"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145973653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The formation of the electronic structure in TbCo2Nix (x = 0; 0.1) intermetallic compounds was experimentally studied using Raman spectroscopy and resonant photoemission spectroscopy. Dependence of the valence band spectra shape on the photon energy near the absorption edges of transition metals and terbium core levels in TbCo2 and TbCo2Ni0.1 is analyzed. The processes of direct and two-stage production of photoelectrons, elastic and inelastic decay channels of these states due to intra-atomic Coulomb interaction were studied. Based on the shapes and positions of spectra, the predominant mechanisms of excited states decay under study were determined.
{"title":"Electronic structure of TbCo2Nix (x = 0; 0.1) intermetallic compounds","authors":"E.A. Ponomareva , R.G. Chumakov , S.A. Maslova , E.G. Gerasimov , N.V. Mushnikov , T.V. Kuznetsova","doi":"10.1016/j.matlet.2026.140088","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matlet.2026.140088","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The formation of the electronic structure in TbCo<sub>2</sub>Ni<sub><em>x</em></sub> (<em>x</em> = 0; 0.1) intermetallic compounds was experimentally studied using Raman spectroscopy and resonant photoemission spectroscopy. Dependence of the valence band spectra shape on the photon energy near the absorption edges of transition metals and terbium core levels in TbCo<sub>2</sub> and TbCo<sub>2</sub>Ni<sub>0.1</sub> is analyzed. The processes of direct and two-stage production of photoelectrons, elastic and inelastic decay channels of these states due to intra-atomic Coulomb interaction were studied. Based on the shapes and positions of spectra, the predominant mechanisms of excited states decay under study were determined.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":384,"journal":{"name":"Materials Letters","volume":"408 ","pages":"Article 140088"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145976138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-09DOI: 10.1016/j.matlet.2026.140085
Moulay Rachid Babaa
Functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) and oxidized UHMWPE undergo a rapid solubility collapse upon coupling-agent addition, forming CNT-enriched droplets that solidify into microspheres with size-dependent internal architectures. Electron microscopy reveals a clear inversion of CNT localization: large microspheres develop CNT-rich shells, whereas small microspheres solidify with CNT-rich cores. This behavior arises from kinetic competition between CNT diffusion and solvent-evaporation-controlled solidification. When the CNT diffusion time is shorter than the solidification time, CNTs migrate to the droplet interface; when diffusion is slower, CNTs become kinetically trapped in the interior. X-ray diffraction shows reduced polyethylene crystallinity relative to oxidized UHMWPE, indicating confinement-dominated crystallization rather than CNT-induced nucleation. These results demonstrate a simple kinetic route for programming CNT localization in polyolefin microspheres.
{"title":"Kinetic partitioning drives size-dependent CNT core–shell inversion in UHMWPE microspheres","authors":"Moulay Rachid Babaa","doi":"10.1016/j.matlet.2026.140085","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matlet.2026.140085","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) and oxidized UHMWPE undergo a rapid solubility collapse upon coupling-agent addition, forming CNT-enriched droplets that solidify into microspheres with size-dependent internal architectures. Electron microscopy reveals a clear inversion of CNT localization: large microspheres develop CNT-rich shells, whereas small microspheres solidify with CNT-rich cores. This behavior arises from kinetic competition between CNT diffusion and solvent-evaporation-controlled solidification. When the CNT diffusion time is shorter than the solidification time, CNTs migrate to the droplet interface; when diffusion is slower, CNTs become kinetically trapped in the interior. X-ray diffraction shows reduced polyethylene crystallinity relative to oxidized UHMWPE, indicating confinement-dominated crystallization rather than CNT-induced nucleation. These results demonstrate a simple kinetic route for programming CNT localization in polyolefin microspheres.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":384,"journal":{"name":"Materials Letters","volume":"407 ","pages":"Article 140085"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145922601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-09DOI: 10.1016/j.matlet.2026.140084
Juntang Li , Zhuo Li , Qingchen Dong , Shihui Yu
Transparent conductive thin films (TCFs) are essential components in modern optoelectronic devices. However, conventional indium tin oxide suffers from high-cost, scarcity and limited mechanical flexibility. Here, flexible SrSnO3 (STO)/Ag/SrSnO3 (SAS) composite TCFs are deposited on PET substrates by magnetron sputtering to provide a promising indium-free alternative. The influence of Ag thickness on the microstructure and the resulting optical and electrical properties is systematically investigated. Thanks to the formation of an ohmic Ag/STO interface and optimized Ag continuity, the composite TCF with a 10 nm Ag layer achieved a high conductivity of 1.3 × 10−4 Ω·cm and an average transmittance of ∼86.5%, corresponding to the highest quality factor (24.2 × 10−3 Ω−1) among all thicknesses. The optimized STO/Ag/STO structure also shows excellent mechanical stability with only 10% resistance variation after 1000 bending cycles. This study provides an effective approach for fabricating high-performance, indium-free flexible TCFs for next-generation optoelectronic applications.
{"title":"Indium-free high-performance flexible transparent conductive thin films realized by SrSnO3 confined Ag nanofilms","authors":"Juntang Li , Zhuo Li , Qingchen Dong , Shihui Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.matlet.2026.140084","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matlet.2026.140084","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Transparent conductive thin films (TCFs) are essential components in modern optoelectronic devices. However, conventional indium tin oxide suffers from high-cost, scarcity and limited mechanical flexibility. Here, flexible SrSnO<sub>3</sub> (STO)/Ag/SrSnO<sub>3</sub> (SAS) composite TCFs are deposited on PET substrates by magnetron sputtering to provide a promising indium-free alternative. The influence of Ag thickness on the microstructure and the resulting optical and electrical properties is systematically investigated. Thanks to the formation of an ohmic Ag/STO interface and optimized Ag continuity, the composite TCF with a 10 nm Ag layer achieved a high conductivity of 1.3 × 10<sup>−4</sup> Ω·cm and an average transmittance of ∼86.5%, corresponding to the highest quality factor (24.2 × 10<sup>−3</sup> Ω<sup>−1</sup>) among all thicknesses. The optimized STO/Ag/STO structure also shows excellent mechanical stability with only 10% resistance variation after 1000 bending cycles. This study provides an effective approach for fabricating high-performance, indium-free flexible TCFs for next-generation optoelectronic applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":384,"journal":{"name":"Materials Letters","volume":"407 ","pages":"Article 140084"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145973182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Selective aerobic oxidation of alcohols, an important synthetic strategy for affording aldehydes, remains a significant challenge to be addressed in a green and sustainable manner. Herein, magnetic Cu2-xS/Fe3O4 and CuS/Fe3O4 derived from respective Cu(I) and Cu(II) sources were prepared and fully characterized. Their activities for selective aerobic oxidation of alcohols were evaluated with the additives of N-methylimidazole (NMI) and 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidoxyl (TEMPO). By contrast, Cu2-xS/Fe3O4 exhibited superior catalytic efficacy attributed to cuprous ions, whereas CuS/Fe3O4 displayed negligible activity. Substrate scope was screened to demonstrate the steric and/or electronic effects that influence the aerobic oxidation catalyzed by Cu2-xS/Fe3O4. Notably, Cu2-xS/Fe3O4 was superparamagnetic to be facilely separated and exhibited fantastic reusability in the catalysis, making it suitable for industrial applications.
{"title":"Magnetic Cu2-xS/Fe3O4 composite-promoted aerobic oxidation of alcohols to aldehydes","authors":"Yuhang Gao, Guoliang Lin, Aiyu Ma, Chunxin Lu, Zhiyin Xiao, Wei Zhong","doi":"10.1016/j.matlet.2026.140083","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matlet.2026.140083","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Selective aerobic oxidation of alcohols, an important synthetic strategy for affording aldehydes, remains a significant challenge to be addressed in a green and sustainable manner. Herein, magnetic <strong>Cu</strong><sub><strong>2-x</strong></sub><strong>S/Fe</strong><sub><strong>3</strong></sub><strong>O</strong><sub><strong>4</strong></sub> and <strong>CuS/Fe</strong><sub><strong>3</strong></sub><strong>O</strong><sub><strong>4</strong></sub> derived from respective Cu(I) and Cu(II) sources were prepared and fully characterized. Their activities for selective aerobic oxidation of alcohols were evaluated with the additives of <em>N</em>-methylimidazole (NMI) and 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidoxyl (TEMPO). By contrast, <strong>Cu</strong><sub><strong>2-x</strong></sub><strong>S/Fe</strong><sub><strong>3</strong></sub><strong>O</strong><sub><strong>4</strong></sub> exhibited superior catalytic efficacy attributed to cuprous ions, whereas <strong>CuS/Fe</strong><sub><strong>3</strong></sub><strong>O</strong><sub><strong>4</strong></sub> displayed negligible activity. Substrate scope was screened to demonstrate the steric and/or electronic effects that influence the aerobic oxidation catalyzed by <strong>Cu</strong><sub><strong>2-x</strong></sub><strong>S/Fe</strong><sub><strong>3</strong></sub><strong>O</strong><sub><strong>4</strong></sub>. Notably, <strong>Cu</strong><sub><strong>2-x</strong></sub><strong>S/Fe</strong><sub><strong>3</strong></sub><strong>O</strong><sub><strong>4</strong></sub> was superparamagnetic to be facilely separated and exhibited fantastic reusability in the catalysis, making it suitable for industrial applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":384,"journal":{"name":"Materials Letters","volume":"407 ","pages":"Article 140083"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145922672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-09DOI: 10.1016/j.matlet.2026.140086
Dina V. Dudina , Boris B. Bokhonov , Alexander I. Gavrilov , Igor S. Batraev , Olga A. Podgornova , Guilherme Y. Koga
Composites consisting of Fe66Cr10Nb5B19 alloy particles and a copper matrix were obtained by spark plasma sintering (SPS) at 700 and 800 °C. As copper does not form compounds with any of the alloy components, it can be considered as an inert matrix. The initial state of the Fe66Cr10Nb5B19 alloy was glassy. During SPS of Cu–40 vol% Fe66Cr10Nb5B19, densification was complete at 630 °C. As the sample was not fully dense upon reaching the glass transition temperature of the alloy (521 °C), the metallic glass particles changed their morphology and surface topography to fill the pore space, which was enabled by the viscous flow of the supercooled liquid. Fracture of the sintered composites occurred along the Cu/Fe66Cr10Nb5B19 interface and through the contacts between the Fe66Cr10Nb5B19 particles.
{"title":"Morphological changes of Fe66Cr10Nb5B19 metallic glass particles in a copper matrix during spark plasma sintering","authors":"Dina V. Dudina , Boris B. Bokhonov , Alexander I. Gavrilov , Igor S. Batraev , Olga A. Podgornova , Guilherme Y. Koga","doi":"10.1016/j.matlet.2026.140086","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matlet.2026.140086","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Composites consisting of Fe<sub>66</sub>Cr<sub>10</sub>Nb<sub>5</sub>B<sub>19</sub> alloy particles and a copper matrix were obtained by spark plasma sintering (SPS) at 700 and 800 °C. As copper does not form compounds with any of the alloy components, it can be considered as an inert matrix. The initial state of the Fe<sub>66</sub>Cr<sub>10</sub>Nb<sub>5</sub>B<sub>19</sub> alloy was glassy. During SPS of Cu–40 vol% Fe<sub>66</sub>Cr<sub>10</sub>Nb<sub>5</sub>B<sub>19</sub>, densification was complete at 630 °C. As the sample was not fully dense upon reaching the glass transition temperature of the alloy (521 °C), the metallic glass particles changed their morphology and surface topography to fill the pore space, which was enabled by the viscous flow of the supercooled liquid. Fracture of the sintered composites occurred along the Cu/Fe<sub>66</sub>Cr<sub>10</sub>Nb<sub>5</sub>B<sub>19</sub> interface and through the contacts between the Fe<sub>66</sub>Cr<sub>10</sub>Nb<sub>5</sub>B<sub>19</sub> particles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":384,"journal":{"name":"Materials Letters","volume":"407 ","pages":"Article 140086"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145922673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-09DOI: 10.1016/j.matlet.2026.140087
Zhaohui Liu, Xiaona Mi, Yunxiang Zhang, Zirun Yang
Rational design of metal-based, cost-effective and highly efficient electrocatalysts for overall water splitting is eagerly anticipated in the field. In this study, an approach combining reflux condensation and low-temperature sulfidation was employed to synthesize amorphous NiMoS4 nanoflowers. The amorphous nano-porous structure and superhydrophilic surface of NiMoS4 provide abundant channels and enhance the reaction kinetics. In alkaline electrolyte, NiMoS4 shows excellent electrocatalytic activity with low overpotentials of 55.9 mV (10 mA·cm−2) for the HER and 290 mV (150 mA·cm−2) for OER, respectively. Additionally, NiMoS4 exhibits outstanding electrocatalytic stability and maintains a low cell voltage of 1.62 V. This work provides the design of amorphous nanoflowers and presents a promising strategy for achieving overall water splitting in the alkaline environment.
{"title":"Fabrication of an amorphous NiMoS4 nanoflower for enhanced efficient and stable overall water splitting","authors":"Zhaohui Liu, Xiaona Mi, Yunxiang Zhang, Zirun Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.matlet.2026.140087","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matlet.2026.140087","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rational design of metal-based, cost-effective and highly efficient electrocatalysts for overall water splitting is eagerly anticipated in the field. In this study, an approach combining reflux condensation and low-temperature sulfidation was employed to synthesize amorphous NiMoS<sub>4</sub> nanoflowers. The amorphous nano-porous structure and superhydrophilic surface of NiMoS<sub>4</sub> provide abundant channels and enhance the reaction kinetics. In alkaline electrolyte, NiMoS<sub>4</sub> shows excellent electrocatalytic activity with low overpotentials of 55.9 mV (10 mA·cm<sup>−2</sup>) for the HER and 290 mV (150 mA·cm<sup>−2</sup>) for OER, respectively. Additionally, NiMoS<sub>4</sub> exhibits outstanding electrocatalytic stability and maintains a low cell voltage of 1.62 V. This work provides the design of amorphous nanoflowers and presents a promising strategy for achieving overall water splitting in the alkaline environment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":384,"journal":{"name":"Materials Letters","volume":"408 ","pages":"Article 140087"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145976139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-08DOI: 10.1016/j.matlet.2026.140081
Anguo Liu , Cheng Yang , Feng Wang , Cheng Cheng , Lin Yang , Maolin Du , Boyu Lai , Qianqian Deng , Xinzhong Shao , Yu Liu , Rui Luo
Inconel 625 alloy is widely used in extreme conditions. Cold rolling enhances the strength but degrades fracture elongation and corrosion resistance. To achieve a better balance of these properties, the effects of recrystallization annealing (RA) on the microstructure, intergranular corrosion (IGC) resistance, and mechanical properties of cold-rolled Inconel 625 alloy were investigated. Microstructural analysis revealed that the fraction of Σ3 boundaries increased with increasing temperature, initially rising and then decreasing with prolonged holding time. After annealing at 1150 °C for 5 min, the lowest IGC rate (0.316 mm/a) and exceptional mechanical properties at both 25 and 600 °C were obtained. At 25 °C, the sample showed a yield strength () of 360 MPa, an ultimate tensile strength () of 780 MPa, and a fracture elongation () of 67.3%; while at 600 °C, it exhibited and of 262 MPa and 637 MPa, respectively. Finally, the optimal parameters were identified as 1150 °C for 5 min.
{"title":"Optimization of mechanical properties and corrosion resistance in cold-rolled Inconel 625 alloy by recrystallization annealing","authors":"Anguo Liu , Cheng Yang , Feng Wang , Cheng Cheng , Lin Yang , Maolin Du , Boyu Lai , Qianqian Deng , Xinzhong Shao , Yu Liu , Rui Luo","doi":"10.1016/j.matlet.2026.140081","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matlet.2026.140081","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Inconel 625 alloy is widely used in extreme conditions. Cold rolling enhances the strength but degrades fracture elongation and corrosion resistance. To achieve a better balance of these properties, the effects of recrystallization annealing (RA) on the microstructure, intergranular corrosion (IGC) resistance, and mechanical properties of cold-rolled Inconel 625 alloy were investigated. Microstructural analysis revealed that the fraction of Σ3 boundaries increased with increasing temperature, initially rising and then decreasing with prolonged holding time. After annealing at 1150 °C for 5 min, the lowest IGC rate (0.316 mm/a) and exceptional mechanical properties at both 25 and 600 °C were obtained. At 25 °C, the sample showed a yield strength (<span><math><msub><mi>σ</mi><mi>y</mi></msub></math></span>) of 360 MPa, an ultimate tensile strength (<span><math><msub><mi>σ</mi><mi>uts</mi></msub></math></span>) of 780 MPa, and a fracture elongation (<span><math><msub><mi>ε</mi><mi>f</mi></msub></math></span>) of 67.3%; while at 600 °C, it exhibited <span><math><msub><mi>σ</mi><mi>y</mi></msub></math></span> and <span><math><msub><mi>σ</mi><mi>uts</mi></msub></math></span> of 262 MPa and 637 MPa, respectively. Finally, the optimal parameters were identified as 1150 °C for 5 min.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":384,"journal":{"name":"Materials Letters","volume":"407 ","pages":"Article 140081"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145973792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The effect of preliminary low cycle fatigue (LCF) test with various numbers of cycles N at low strain amplitude of ±0.2 % on the tensile properties of the 10 % Cr steel at 650 °C was studied. With an increase in the N from 5 to half-life, the ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and yield strength (YS) continuously decreased by 10 % and 15 %, respectively. At the same time, higher elongation was observed. At first cycles, a lower YS was equally attributed to annihilation of dislocations and widening of martensitic laths, whereas at the cyclic softening stage, partial lath transformation into subgrains mainly caused the softening. In contrast, boundary M23C6 carbides provided stable precipitation strengthening due to a continuous increase in their volume fraction by approximately 20 %.
{"title":"Effect of prior low cycle fatigue on tensile properties of a 10 % Cr martensitic steel","authors":"Roman Mishnev , Kaiming Wu , Swaira Arshad , Rustam Kaibyshev , Nadezhda Dudova","doi":"10.1016/j.matlet.2025.140040","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matlet.2025.140040","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The effect of preliminary low cycle fatigue (LCF) test with various numbers of cycles <em>N</em> at low strain amplitude of ±0.2 % on the tensile properties of the 10 % Cr steel at 650 °C was studied. With an increase in the <em>N</em> from 5 to half-life, the ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and yield strength (YS) continuously decreased by 10 % and 15 %, respectively. At the same time, higher elongation was observed. At first cycles, a lower YS was equally attributed to annihilation of dislocations and widening of martensitic laths, whereas at the cyclic softening stage, partial lath transformation into subgrains mainly caused the softening. In contrast, boundary M<sub>23</sub>C<sub>6</sub> carbides provided stable precipitation strengthening due to a continuous increase in their volume fraction by approximately 20 %.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":384,"journal":{"name":"Materials Letters","volume":"407 ","pages":"Article 140040"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145922671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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