L. Gonçalves, Ü. B. Rossa, E. Gomes, C. M. Radetski, C. Vischetti, A. O. Martins, F. M. Sobreira
Ipomoea batatas, popularly known as sweet potato, is a species of the Convolvulaceae family, with probable origin between Mexico and northern South America. Among the genotypes with economic potential, the biofortified cultivar Beauregard (Ipomoea batatas) stands out due to its rusticity and easy handling. Controlled-release fertilizers were mostly used in studies developed in other countries, and their study being necessary in Brazilian soil and climatic conditions. This study aimed to evaluate the development of Beauregard biofortified cultivar, submitted to different fertilization technologies in vertical farming system. The plantlets received different doses of controlled-release fertilizer: 0.0 (control); 30; 60; 90; 120g and a dose of 40g per pit of NPK 13-13-28 of ready solubility. At 180 days, biometric and production parameter data were collected and submitted to regression analysis and variance analysis followed by the Scott-Knott test for mean separation. The application of controlled-release fertilizer showed a positive effect on the production of the studied cultivar, favoring the performance of the plants and promoting the increase especially in height, length of branches and number of leaves. The base application of controlled-release fertilizer at a dose of 30g per plant and traditional NPK fertilizer at a dose of 40g per plant promote higher yields of dry mass of shoots and root when compared to unfertilized plants in the cultivation of sweet potatoes in vertical farming.
{"title":"Production of Beauregard Sweet Potato in vertical farming under different fertilization technologies","authors":"L. Gonçalves, Ü. B. Rossa, E. Gomes, C. M. Radetski, C. Vischetti, A. O. Martins, F. M. Sobreira","doi":"10.14295/cs.v14.4048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14295/cs.v14.4048","url":null,"abstract":"Ipomoea batatas, popularly known as sweet potato, is a species of the Convolvulaceae family, with probable origin between Mexico and northern South America. Among the genotypes with economic potential, the biofortified cultivar Beauregard (Ipomoea batatas) stands out due to its rusticity and easy handling. Controlled-release fertilizers were mostly used in studies developed in other countries, and their study being necessary in Brazilian soil and climatic conditions. This study aimed to evaluate the development of Beauregard biofortified cultivar, submitted to different fertilization technologies in vertical farming system. The plantlets received different doses of controlled-release fertilizer: 0.0 (control); 30; 60; 90; 120g and a dose of 40g per pit of NPK 13-13-28 of ready solubility. At 180 days, biometric and production parameter data were collected and submitted to regression analysis and variance analysis followed by the Scott-Knott test for mean separation. The application of controlled-release fertilizer showed a positive effect on the production of the studied cultivar, favoring the performance of the plants and promoting the increase especially in height, length of branches and number of leaves. The base application of controlled-release fertilizer at a dose of 30g per plant and traditional NPK fertilizer at a dose of 40g per plant promote higher yields of dry mass of shoots and root when compared to unfertilized plants in the cultivation of sweet potatoes in vertical farming.","PeriodicalId":38570,"journal":{"name":"Comunicata Scientiae","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44094294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Caroline Farias Barreto, R. Navroski, Jorge Atílio Benati, N. Mayer, M. Malgarim, L. Antunes
Winter pruning has been a common practice in peach. Twig topping has been associated with it, but this practice has been used at the same intensity, regardless of the cultivar. Therefore, this study aimed at evaluating productive behavior and quality of ‘Maciel’ peach grafted on ‘Capdeboscq’ and ‘Okinawa’ (P. persica) as rootstocks, when they were submitted to different twig topping intensities in winter pruning. The following three pruning intensities were evaluated: short pruning, when 2/3 of the productive twig was removed; long pruning, when 1/3 of the twig was removed; and pruning with no topping, when twigs were kept integral. Effective fructification is lower when ‘Maciel’ peach trees are submitted to short pruning, but it leads to fruit with higher weight and flesh firmness, besides larger diameters. Pruning with no twig topping and long pruning increased the fruit number and yield per tree. Not only fruit weight, diameter and soluble solid content, but also yield per tree of ‘Maciel’ peach are affected by ‘Capdeboscq’ and ‘Okinawa’, regardless of the intensity of twig topping throughout pruning. Higher concentration of soluble solids was found in peaches grafted in Okinawa. While the highest production was verified with the use of the ‘Capdeboscq’ rootstock.
{"title":"Rootstocks and twig topping intensity at winter pruning for ‘Maciel’ peach three","authors":"Caroline Farias Barreto, R. Navroski, Jorge Atílio Benati, N. Mayer, M. Malgarim, L. Antunes","doi":"10.14295/cs.v14.3783","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14295/cs.v14.3783","url":null,"abstract":"Winter pruning has been a common practice in peach. Twig topping has been associated with it, but this practice has been used at the same intensity, regardless of the cultivar. Therefore, this study aimed at evaluating productive behavior and quality of ‘Maciel’ peach grafted on ‘Capdeboscq’ and ‘Okinawa’ (P. persica) as rootstocks, when they were submitted to different twig topping intensities in winter pruning. The following three pruning intensities were evaluated: short pruning, when 2/3 of the productive twig was removed; long pruning, when 1/3 of the twig was removed; and pruning with no topping, when twigs were kept integral. Effective fructification is lower when ‘Maciel’ peach trees are submitted to short pruning, but it leads to fruit with higher weight and flesh firmness, besides larger diameters. Pruning with no twig topping and long pruning increased the fruit number and yield per tree. Not only fruit weight, diameter and soluble solid content, but also yield per tree of ‘Maciel’ peach are affected by ‘Capdeboscq’ and ‘Okinawa’, regardless of the intensity of twig topping throughout pruning. Higher concentration of soluble solids was found in peaches grafted in Okinawa. While the highest production was verified with the use of the ‘Capdeboscq’ rootstock.","PeriodicalId":38570,"journal":{"name":"Comunicata Scientiae","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48255952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pablo Leal Rodrigues, Aline Gleyce Julião Bomfim, Welington Leal dos Santos, João Tiago Correia Oliveira, Keila Aparecida Moreira, J. R. Galvão, M. Pacheco
The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of the enzyme β-1, 3-glucanase and the mechanisms of action produced by yeasts in the biological control ofgreen mold in post-harvest oranges of the pear variety. The Fully Casualized Delineation(FCD) was used. The results were submitted to analysis of variance (ANOVA), in triplicate,compared with Tukey's test at a 5% probability level (p < 0.05), using the statisticalsoftware Sisvar. It was found that the killer activity was observed in 85.7% of the yeastsevaluated. The yeast Candida peltata URM4681 showed better production of β-1.3-glucanase, between 1.071 and 5.422 µg mL -1 . A factorial delineation 2 3 was used in amedium composed of yeast extract, soybean extract and meat extract to increaseenzymatic production, reaching an increase of 4.351 times comparing the assay of lowerand higher activity. The in situ assays showed a reduction in the number of infected fruitstreated with the enzymatic extract, being on average 78.5% when compared with thecontrol treatment (distilled water). As for sporulation, the enzymatic extract, which had anaverage of 8.4 spores, did not differ statistically from the IMZ and TBZ fungicides, both in apreventive and curative manner. Regarding the severity of the disease, it was noted thatthe fruits treated with enzymatic extract, had an average damage of 7.57 %, also notdiffering statistically from fungicides, both preventive and curative. Our studies suggestthat C. peltata URM4681, makes this a good candidate for biocontrol against green mold.
{"title":"Yeast biocontrol against green mold in pear orange postharvest","authors":"Pablo Leal Rodrigues, Aline Gleyce Julião Bomfim, Welington Leal dos Santos, João Tiago Correia Oliveira, Keila Aparecida Moreira, J. R. Galvão, M. Pacheco","doi":"10.14295/cs.v14.3963","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14295/cs.v14.3963","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of the enzyme β-1, 3-glucanase and the mechanisms of action produced by yeasts in the biological control ofgreen mold in post-harvest oranges of the pear variety. The Fully Casualized Delineation(FCD) was used. The results were submitted to analysis of variance (ANOVA), in triplicate,compared with Tukey's test at a 5% probability level (p < 0.05), using the statisticalsoftware Sisvar. It was found that the killer activity was observed in 85.7% of the yeastsevaluated. The yeast Candida peltata URM4681 showed better production of β-1.3-glucanase, between 1.071 and 5.422 µg mL -1 . A factorial delineation 2 3 was used in amedium composed of yeast extract, soybean extract and meat extract to increaseenzymatic production, reaching an increase of 4.351 times comparing the assay of lowerand higher activity. The in situ assays showed a reduction in the number of infected fruitstreated with the enzymatic extract, being on average 78.5% when compared with thecontrol treatment (distilled water). As for sporulation, the enzymatic extract, which had anaverage of 8.4 spores, did not differ statistically from the IMZ and TBZ fungicides, both in apreventive and curative manner. Regarding the severity of the disease, it was noted thatthe fruits treated with enzymatic extract, had an average damage of 7.57 %, also notdiffering statistically from fungicides, both preventive and curative. Our studies suggestthat C. peltata URM4681, makes this a good candidate for biocontrol against green mold.","PeriodicalId":38570,"journal":{"name":"Comunicata Scientiae","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49559013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Samuel De Oliveira Santos, Geocleber Gomes de Sousa, Elizeu Matos da Cruz Filho, Francisco Barroso da Silva Junior, Geovana Ferreira Goes, Henderson Castelo Sousa, Krishna Ribeiro Gomes, Kelly Nascimento Leite
A interação entre ambiência agrícola e substratos alternativos pode atenuar o estresse salino em mudas de abobrinha. Com base nisso, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a produção de mudas de abobrinha irrigadas com águas salinas e cultivadas em diferentes tipos de ambientes e substratos. O delineamento experimental foi o inteiramente casualizado, utilizando esquema de parcelas subsubdivididas, sendo a parcela os três ambientes de cultivo (AM1= pleno sol; AM2= telado vermelho com 50% de sombreamento; AM3= telado preto com 50% de sombreamento), a subparcela os três substratos (SB1= biocarvão + solo; SB2= casca de arroz carbonizado + solo, SB3= esterco bovino + solo) e a subsubparcela as duas águas de irrigação (AI1= 0,8 e AI2= 2,5 dS m-1), com quatro repetições de vinte e cinco sementes. As variáveis analisadas foram: porcentagem de emergência (PE), índice de velocidade de emergência (IVE), tempo médio de emergência (TME), velocidade média de emergência (VME), diâmetro do caule (DC), altura de plântula (AP), comprimento da raiz (CR), massa seca da parte aérea (MSPA), massa seca da raiz (MSR) e massa seca total (MST). O ambiente AM3 apresentou melhores condições para as variáveis: PE, IVE e VME. Já o ambiente AM2 apresentou melhores condições para a variável TME com a utilização dos substratos SB2 e SB3 independente da salinidade da água de irrigação. O substrato SB3 apresentou melhores condições de crescimento para as variáveis: AP, DC, MSPA e MST. O substrato SB2 proporcionou melhores condições para a variável MSR.
{"title":"Produção de mudas de abobrinha sob estresse salino em diferentes ambientes e substratos","authors":"Samuel De Oliveira Santos, Geocleber Gomes de Sousa, Elizeu Matos da Cruz Filho, Francisco Barroso da Silva Junior, Geovana Ferreira Goes, Henderson Castelo Sousa, Krishna Ribeiro Gomes, Kelly Nascimento Leite","doi":"10.14295/cs.v14.3971","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14295/cs.v14.3971","url":null,"abstract":"A interação entre ambiência agrícola e substratos alternativos pode atenuar o estresse salino em mudas de abobrinha. Com base nisso, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a produção de mudas de abobrinha irrigadas com águas salinas e cultivadas em diferentes tipos de ambientes e substratos. O delineamento experimental foi o inteiramente casualizado, utilizando esquema de parcelas subsubdivididas, sendo a parcela os três ambientes de cultivo (AM1= pleno sol; AM2= telado vermelho com 50% de sombreamento; AM3= telado preto com 50% de sombreamento), a subparcela os três substratos (SB1= biocarvão + solo; SB2= casca de arroz carbonizado + solo, SB3= esterco bovino + solo) e a subsubparcela as duas águas de irrigação (AI1= 0,8 e AI2= 2,5 dS m-1), com quatro repetições de vinte e cinco sementes. As variáveis analisadas foram: porcentagem de emergência (PE), índice de velocidade de emergência (IVE), tempo médio de emergência (TME), velocidade média de emergência (VME), diâmetro do caule (DC), altura de plântula (AP), comprimento da raiz (CR), massa seca da parte aérea (MSPA), massa seca da raiz (MSR) e massa seca total (MST). O ambiente AM3 apresentou melhores condições para as variáveis: PE, IVE e VME. Já o ambiente AM2 apresentou melhores condições para a variável TME com a utilização dos substratos SB2 e SB3 independente da salinidade da água de irrigação. O substrato SB3 apresentou melhores condições de crescimento para as variáveis: AP, DC, MSPA e MST. O substrato SB2 proporcionou melhores condições para a variável MSR.","PeriodicalId":38570,"journal":{"name":"Comunicata Scientiae","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48368234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The low rate of Dendrobium regeneration through seed culture is a significant limitation of mass propagation development in new hybrids. An efficient protocol of in vitro regeneration through pseudobulb segment culture has been established for Dendrobium ‘Danny Dame’. Leaves and roots of seven-month-old seedlings were detached from the pseudobulb. Unsegmented pseudobulb and segments of apical, medial, and basal excised from seedlings. The four types of explants were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium supplemented with different combinations of 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and 6-benzyl amino purine (BAP). The highest number of shoots was observed in 1 mg L-1 BAP and 0.1 mg L-1 NAA using unsegmented pseudobulb explant after 2 months of culture. The unsegmented pseudobulb had a higher survivability rate and the number of shoots per explant than segmented pseudobulbs. However, if accumulated, segmented pseudobulbs can produce the number of shoots 2-4 times more than unsegmented pseudobulbs. The segment that had the highest average number of shoots was the basal segment. Two types of shoots were observed, both single shoot and multi shoot. The new shoots formation was developed from protuberance and or axillary bud. Roots were kept to grow only on the basal part of unsegmented explants and basal segment.
{"title":"In vitro regeneration of hybrid Dendrobium sect. Spatulata through pseudobulb segment culture","authors":"│. Bom, Raden Roro, Rifka Annisa¹, Arkan Setiaji, Aries Sutikno¹, Bagus Sasongko","doi":"10.14295/cs.v14.3679","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14295/cs.v14.3679","url":null,"abstract":"The low rate of Dendrobium regeneration through seed culture is a significant limitation of mass propagation development in new hybrids. An efficient protocol of in vitro regeneration through pseudobulb segment culture has been established for Dendrobium ‘Danny Dame’. Leaves and roots of seven-month-old seedlings were detached from the pseudobulb. Unsegmented pseudobulb and segments of apical, medial, and basal excised from seedlings. The four types of explants were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium supplemented with different combinations of 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and 6-benzyl amino purine (BAP). The highest number of shoots was observed in 1 mg L-1 BAP and 0.1 mg L-1 NAA using unsegmented pseudobulb explant after 2 months of culture. The unsegmented pseudobulb had a higher survivability rate and the number of shoots per explant than segmented pseudobulbs. However, if accumulated, segmented pseudobulbs can produce the number of shoots 2-4 times more than unsegmented pseudobulbs. The segment that had the highest average number of shoots was the basal segment. Two types of shoots were observed, both single shoot and multi shoot. The new shoots formation was developed from protuberance and or axillary bud. Roots were kept to grow only on the basal part of unsegmented explants and basal segment.","PeriodicalId":38570,"journal":{"name":"Comunicata Scientiae","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44411206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lucas Henrique Maldonado da Silva, Roberto Rezende, André Felipe Barion Andrean, Gustavo Soares Wenneck, Daniele De Souza Terassi, Raiana Crepaldi de Faria Nocchi, Vinícius Villa e Vila
A utilização eficiente da água e da energia é primordial para uma prática agrícola sustentável. Irrigações deficitárias podem contribuir para economia dos recursos hídricos e energéticos. O objetivo do trabalho foi analisar o efeito da reposição hídrica na eficiência da utilização da água e da energia no cultivo de tomate tipo coquetel. O experimento foi conduzido em casa de vegetação, sendo adotado delineamento casualizado com cinco níveis de reposição hídrica (25, 50, 75, 100 e 125% da evapotranspiração da cultura (ETc)) e seis repetições. Foram avaliados componentes morfológicos (número de cachos, número de abortos, massa fresca da parte aérea, diâmetro do caule e altura), índice SPAD (Soil Plant Analysis Development), demanda hídrica, produtividade, uso de energia e produtividade energética. Os dados foram analisados por análise de variância, comparação de médias, análise de regressão e correlação. O desenvolvimento morfológico e o rendimento produtivo apresentaram elevada correlação com a disponibilidade hídrica. O déficit hídrico afetou o crescimento, desenvolvimento e a produtividade do tomate. A lâmina de 75% da ETc demonstrou melhor eficiência da utilização da água e de energia.
{"title":"Eficiência da utilização de água e energia na produção de tomate em diferentes condições hídricas","authors":"Lucas Henrique Maldonado da Silva, Roberto Rezende, André Felipe Barion Andrean, Gustavo Soares Wenneck, Daniele De Souza Terassi, Raiana Crepaldi de Faria Nocchi, Vinícius Villa e Vila","doi":"10.14295/cs.v14.3926","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14295/cs.v14.3926","url":null,"abstract":"A utilização eficiente da água e da energia é primordial para uma prática agrícola sustentável. Irrigações deficitárias podem contribuir para economia dos recursos hídricos e energéticos. O objetivo do trabalho foi analisar o efeito da reposição hídrica na eficiência da utilização da água e da energia no cultivo de tomate tipo coquetel. O experimento foi conduzido em casa de vegetação, sendo adotado delineamento casualizado com cinco níveis de reposição hídrica (25, 50, 75, 100 e 125% da evapotranspiração da cultura (ETc)) e seis repetições. Foram avaliados componentes morfológicos (número de cachos, número de abortos, massa fresca da parte aérea, diâmetro do caule e altura), índice SPAD (Soil Plant Analysis Development), demanda hídrica, produtividade, uso de energia e produtividade energética. Os dados foram analisados por análise de variância, comparação de médias, análise de regressão e correlação. O desenvolvimento morfológico e o rendimento produtivo apresentaram elevada correlação com a disponibilidade hídrica. O déficit hídrico afetou o crescimento, desenvolvimento e a produtividade do tomate. A lâmina de 75% da ETc demonstrou melhor eficiência da utilização da água e de energia.","PeriodicalId":38570,"journal":{"name":"Comunicata Scientiae","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43435419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Janine Farias Menegaes, Ubirajara Russi Nunes, Fernanda Alice Antonello Londero Backes, Alexandre Swarowsky, Tatiana Fiorin Tasquetto, Felipe de Lima Franzen
A cultura de cártamo (Carthamus tinctorius L.) apresenta interesse agroeconômico devido a sua ampla aptidão de usos, desde ornamental a extração de óleo, com boa adaptabilidade de cultivo em todo país. Porém, esse cultivo ainda apresenta desafios quanto a qualidade de suas sementes, em virtude da alta susceptibilidade ao ataque de fitogêneos. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a qualidade fisiológica e sanitária das sementes de cártamo submetidas a diferentes períodos de armazenamento. O experimento foi conduzido em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, 4x7 (lotes de sementes cultivadas na safra 2017/2018: semeadas no inverno e na primavera de 2017 e no verão e no outono de 2018, e períodos de armazenamento de sementes: 0; 6; 12; 18; 24; 30 e 36 meses sequenciais contabilizados a partir das datas de colheitas), com quatro repetições. As qualidades foram avaliadas pelos testes de germinação, condutividade elétrica, massa seca e comprimento de plântulas, emergência no campo e sanidade. Observou-se que os diferentes lotes de sementes de cártamo apresentam sensibilidade ao armazenamento prolongado, com redução do potencial fisiológico, especialmente do percentual germinativo e de emergência de plântulas. Além do aumento da incidência dos fitopatógenos nocivos sobre essas sementes. Deste modo, recomenda-se o período de até 12 meses, para obter a conservação das sementes de cártamo.
{"title":"Qualidade fisiológica e sanitária de sementes de cártamo armazenadas por diferentes períodos","authors":"Janine Farias Menegaes, Ubirajara Russi Nunes, Fernanda Alice Antonello Londero Backes, Alexandre Swarowsky, Tatiana Fiorin Tasquetto, Felipe de Lima Franzen","doi":"10.14295/cs.v14.3953","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14295/cs.v14.3953","url":null,"abstract":"A cultura de cártamo (Carthamus tinctorius L.) apresenta interesse agroeconômico devido a sua ampla aptidão de usos, desde ornamental a extração de óleo, com boa adaptabilidade de cultivo em todo país. Porém, esse cultivo ainda apresenta desafios quanto a qualidade de suas sementes, em virtude da alta susceptibilidade ao ataque de fitogêneos. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a qualidade fisiológica e sanitária das sementes de cártamo submetidas a diferentes períodos de armazenamento. O experimento foi conduzido em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, 4x7 (lotes de sementes cultivadas na safra 2017/2018: semeadas no inverno e na primavera de 2017 e no verão e no outono de 2018, e períodos de armazenamento de sementes: 0; 6; 12; 18; 24; 30 e 36 meses sequenciais contabilizados a partir das datas de colheitas), com quatro repetições. As qualidades foram avaliadas pelos testes de germinação, condutividade elétrica, massa seca e comprimento de plântulas, emergência no campo e sanidade. Observou-se que os diferentes lotes de sementes de cártamo apresentam sensibilidade ao armazenamento prolongado, com redução do potencial fisiológico, especialmente do percentual germinativo e de emergência de plântulas. Além do aumento da incidência dos fitopatógenos nocivos sobre essas sementes. Deste modo, recomenda-se o período de até 12 meses, para obter a conservação das sementes de cártamo. ","PeriodicalId":38570,"journal":{"name":"Comunicata Scientiae","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43605940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
André Luís Leite de Souza, Ademar Pereira de Oliveira, Luiz Daniel Rodrigues da Silva, Izaias Romario Soares do Nascimento, José Manoel Ferreira de Lima Cruz, Edileide Natália da Silva Rodrigues, Gemerson Machado de Oliveira
Potassium (K) is essential nutrient to the physiological and biochemical activities of plants, acting in the cation-anion balance, water movement, osmoregulation, and transference of energy. This study aimed to evaluate the yield response of the zucchini squash cultivar 'Caserta' to different doses and sources of potassium. The experiment was carried out under field conditions in a complete randomized block experimental design in a 6 x 2 factorial scheme, with six K2O doses (0, 50, 100, 150, 200, and 250 kg ha-1) and two sources (chloride and potassium sulfate), with four replications. The fruit mass, fruit length, number of fruits per plant, total and marketable fruit yields were evaluated. The results showed that the sulfate and potassium chloride sources promoted the maximum length and number of fruits per plant. K2O fertilization in the form of potassium sulfate promoted higher mass and total fruit yield. The doses of 108.41 and 130.78 kg ha-1 of K2O in the chloride and potassium sulfate sources provided the maximum marketable yield of fruits, with 22.84 and 27.0 t ha-1, respectively. Regardless of the source, potassium fertilization must be provided to increase the production parameters of the zucchini squash 'Caserta' cultivar.
钾（K）是植物生理生化活动的必需营养素，参与阴阳离子平衡、水分运动、渗透调节和能量传递。本研究旨在评估西葫芦品种“Caserta”对不同剂量和来源钾的产量反应。该实验在田间条件下以完全随机分组实验设计的方式进行，采用6 x 2析因方案，使用六种K2O剂量（0、50、100、150、200和250 kg ha-1）和两种来源（氯化物和硫酸钾），进行四次重复。对果实质量、果实长度、单株果实数、总产量和可销售果实产量进行了评价。结果表明，硫酸盐和氯化钾来源促进了单株果实的最大长度和最大数量。以硫酸钾的形式施用K2O有助于提高质量和总果产量。在氯化物和硫酸钾来源中，108.41和130.78 kg ha-1的K2O剂量提供了最大的水果市场产量，分别为22.84和27.0 t ha-1。无论来源如何，都必须提供钾肥，以提高西葫芦“卡塞塔”品种的生产参数。
{"title":"Zucchini squash yield response to fertilization with different doses and sources of Potassium","authors":"André Luís Leite de Souza, Ademar Pereira de Oliveira, Luiz Daniel Rodrigues da Silva, Izaias Romario Soares do Nascimento, José Manoel Ferreira de Lima Cruz, Edileide Natália da Silva Rodrigues, Gemerson Machado de Oliveira","doi":"10.14295/cs.v14.3931","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14295/cs.v14.3931","url":null,"abstract":"Potassium (K) is essential nutrient to the physiological and biochemical activities of plants, acting in the cation-anion balance, water movement, osmoregulation, and transference of energy. This study aimed to evaluate the yield response of the zucchini squash cultivar 'Caserta' to different doses and sources of potassium. The experiment was carried out under field conditions in a complete randomized block experimental design in a 6 x 2 factorial scheme, with six K2O doses (0, 50, 100, 150, 200, and 250 kg ha-1) and two sources (chloride and potassium sulfate), with four replications. The fruit mass, fruit length, number of fruits per plant, total and marketable fruit yields were evaluated. The results showed that the sulfate and potassium chloride sources promoted the maximum length and number of fruits per plant. K2O fertilization in the form of potassium sulfate promoted higher mass and total fruit yield. The doses of 108.41 and 130.78 kg ha-1 of K2O in the chloride and potassium sulfate sources provided the maximum marketable yield of fruits, with 22.84 and 27.0 t ha-1, respectively. Regardless of the source, potassium fertilization must be provided to increase the production parameters of the zucchini squash 'Caserta' cultivar.","PeriodicalId":38570,"journal":{"name":"Comunicata Scientiae","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46967284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Habitat manipulation by planting plants in the land or around crops is a way to increase the diversity of insects. The homogeneity of the agricultural landscapes leads to a decrease in insect biodiversity and ecosystem services. This study focuses on examining the diversity and ecological role of macro insects in chili pepper using barrier crops. We use mung beans, tomatoes, and eggplant as a barrier crops in the practice of cultivating chili pepper. The results showed that the use of barrier crops is not significant to increase the diversity of insects but the use of mung bean barrier can increase the number of species. Chili pepper land with mung bean barrier shows the abundance of predators, parasitoids, and pollinators higher than land without barrier crops. On land without barrier crops, the composition of herbivore insects tends to be lower when compared to land using barrier crops. The number of natural enemy individuals (predators and parasitoids) on land with mung bean barrier tend to be higher compared to without barrier crops. In the practice of chili pepper cultivation, it is necessary to utilize mung beans as a barrier for pest management strategy and increased production of chili pepper and also for conservation strategy of natural enemies
{"title":"Diversity and ecological role of macro insects on cultivated chili pepper using barrier crops","authors":"M. Sataral, Melcyani Palebang, A. Qodri","doi":"10.14295/cs.v14.3776","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14295/cs.v14.3776","url":null,"abstract":"Habitat manipulation by planting plants in the land or around crops is a way to increase the diversity of insects. The homogeneity of the agricultural landscapes leads to a decrease in insect biodiversity and ecosystem services. This study focuses on examining the diversity and ecological role of macro insects in chili pepper using barrier crops. We use mung beans, tomatoes, and eggplant as a barrier crops in the practice of cultivating chili pepper. The results showed that the use of barrier crops is not significant to increase the diversity of insects but the use of mung bean barrier can increase the number of species. Chili pepper land with mung bean barrier shows the abundance of predators, parasitoids, and pollinators higher than land without barrier crops. On land without barrier crops, the composition of herbivore insects tends to be lower when compared to land using barrier crops. The number of natural enemy individuals (predators and parasitoids) on land with mung bean barrier tend to be higher compared to without barrier crops. In the practice of chili pepper cultivation, it is necessary to utilize mung beans as a barrier for pest management strategy and increased production of chili pepper and also for conservation strategy of natural enemies","PeriodicalId":38570,"journal":{"name":"Comunicata Scientiae","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45171593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. N. Dias, A. Lima, J. C. Cunha, Í. Cavalcante, E. Soares, K. A. Silva, M. S. Rodrigues, Talison Sousa da Silva
The use of humic substances (HS) in the soil can increase the efficiency of nitrogen fertilizers and contribute to the increment in soil organic matter and plant nutrient availability. Hence, this study aimed to evaluate, in two production cycles, the effect of applying HS and different nitrogen (N) doses on the chemical attributes and organic matter fractions of a soil cultivated with West Indian cherry in the Brazilian semiarid region. The experiment was set up in split plots, arranged in strips with four replicates. The absence or presence of HS using KS100 as the source was tested in the plots, and N fertilization (50; 75; 100; 125 and 150% of the recommended dose), using urea, was tested in the subplots. Soil pH, H+Al, Al3+, and Na+, K+, P, Ca2+, Mg2+, Fe2+, Mn2+ and Zn2+ contents were determined, and cation exchange capacity and bases saturation (V %) in the 0-0.2 and 0.2-0.4 m layers were calculated. Analyses of stocks of total organic carbon and carbon (C) of the humic acid, fulvic acid and humin fractions, and humic substances were performed. It was possible to observe that, in the second production cycle of West Indian cherry, the soils showed higher contents of nutrients available to plants. Increase in N availability did not enable a clear trend in the behavior of chemical attributes and organic C stocks in the soil. Under the studied conditions, KS100 application allowed a reduction in the C stocks of the HS of the soil.
{"title":"Soil chemical attributes under west indian cherry fertigated with nitrogen and humic substances","authors":"D. N. Dias, A. Lima, J. C. Cunha, Í. Cavalcante, E. Soares, K. A. Silva, M. S. Rodrigues, Talison Sousa da Silva","doi":"10.14295/cs.v14.3990","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14295/cs.v14.3990","url":null,"abstract":"The use of humic substances (HS) in the soil can increase the efficiency of nitrogen fertilizers and contribute to the increment in soil organic matter and plant nutrient availability. Hence, this study aimed to evaluate, in two production cycles, the effect of applying HS and different nitrogen (N) doses on the chemical attributes and organic matter fractions of a soil cultivated with West Indian cherry in the Brazilian semiarid region. The experiment was set up in split plots, arranged in strips with four replicates. The absence or presence of HS using KS100 as the source was tested in the plots, and N fertilization (50; 75; 100; 125 and 150% of the recommended dose), using urea, was tested in the subplots. Soil pH, H+Al, Al3+, and Na+, K+, P, Ca2+, Mg2+, Fe2+, Mn2+ and Zn2+ contents were determined, and cation exchange capacity and bases saturation (V %) in the 0-0.2 and 0.2-0.4 m layers were calculated. Analyses of stocks of total organic carbon and carbon (C) of the humic acid, fulvic acid and humin fractions, and humic substances were performed. It was possible to observe that, in the second production cycle of West Indian cherry, the soils showed higher contents of nutrients available to plants. Increase in N availability did not enable a clear trend in the behavior of chemical attributes and organic C stocks in the soil. Under the studied conditions, KS100 application allowed a reduction in the C stocks of the HS of the soil.","PeriodicalId":38570,"journal":{"name":"Comunicata Scientiae","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44560135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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