This study employs Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) to explore co-pyrolysis potential using polystyrene (PS) and coconut sawmill residue (CSR) for liquid fuel production. Two distinct degradation stages are observed in CSR-PS blends, mirroring pure CSR samples: the initial phase (200-400°C) decomposes biomass components, while the second stage (400-550°C) targets the synthetic polymer PS within CSR-PS blends. Analyzing thermal degradation parameters reveals insights. 100% PS exhibits the highest weight loss and activation energy, highlighting PS's formidable decomposition. Conversely, 100% CSR shows the lowest weight loss and activation energy due to its organic composition. Artificial Neural Network (ANN) modeling indicates varying correlation accuracies for different blend compositions. Surprisingly, 100% PS exhibits lower correlation accuracy in predicting weight loss compared to the 80% PS blend, which achieves a perfect correlation. Conversely, 100% CSR, with simpler decomposition, has the lowest correlation accuracy. These findings illuminate the complex thermal behavior of CSR-PS blends, emphasizing the distinct degradation characteristics of PS and CSR. Implications extend to material applications and disposal strategies, emphasizing tailored approaches based on blend compositions and thermal profiles. This research advances co-pyrolysis as a sustainable avenue for liquid fuel production, providing insights for future research and practical applications.
{"title":"Exploring sustainable fuel production through thermal behavior analysis using TGA and artificial neural network in the co-pyrolysis of polystyrene and coconut sawmill residue","authors":"","doi":"10.59018/1223306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59018/1223306","url":null,"abstract":"This study employs Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) to explore co-pyrolysis potential using polystyrene (PS) and coconut sawmill residue (CSR) for liquid fuel production. Two distinct degradation stages are observed in CSR-PS blends, mirroring pure CSR samples: the initial phase (200-400°C) decomposes biomass components, while the second stage (400-550°C) targets the synthetic polymer PS within CSR-PS blends. Analyzing thermal degradation parameters reveals insights. 100% PS exhibits the highest weight loss and activation energy, highlighting PS's formidable decomposition. Conversely, 100% CSR shows the lowest weight loss and activation energy due to its organic composition. Artificial Neural Network (ANN) modeling indicates varying correlation accuracies for different blend compositions. Surprisingly, 100% PS exhibits lower correlation accuracy in predicting weight loss compared to the 80% PS blend, which achieves a perfect correlation. Conversely, 100% CSR, with simpler decomposition, has the lowest correlation accuracy. These findings illuminate the complex thermal behavior of CSR-PS blends, emphasizing the distinct degradation characteristics of PS and CSR. Implications extend to material applications and disposal strategies, emphasizing tailored approaches based on blend compositions and thermal profiles. This research advances co-pyrolysis as a sustainable avenue for liquid fuel production, providing insights for future research and practical applications.","PeriodicalId":38652,"journal":{"name":"ARPN Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139847511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hydraulic machine is one of the most widespread technical systems in various areas of production. The paper examines the problem of the efficiency of vane hydraulic machines and ways to address it through the biomimetic approach. The study reviews previous research into the peculiarities of the construction of living organisms that provide a reduction of their energy costs. The hydrodynamic effect of the sharkskin structure is created by the roughnesses (micro ribs) oriented along the flow and allows reducing the value of hydraulic drag in the near-wall area. Hypotheses are proposed about the possibilities of applying these features and approaches in technical systems, particularly for flow part elements of hydraulic machines. The authors set the goal to assess the efficiency of using an imitation of sharkskin in a simplified form of scales, and geometric outgrowths, which will provide the necessary hydrodynamic effect. The development includes 3D modeling and subsequent computational verification on the surfaces of flow part elements of hydraulic machines. The findings enable conclusions on the effect of scale placement on the plate on energy losses as the plate is streamlined by fluid. A conclusion is drawn on the current state of the use of nature-inspired technology in hydromechanical engineering and the development trends in this field.
{"title":"Effects of nature-inspired methods on the efficiency of the flow part elements of hydraulic machines","authors":"","doi":"10.59018/1223312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59018/1223312","url":null,"abstract":"Hydraulic machine is one of the most widespread technical systems in various areas of production. The paper examines the problem of the efficiency of vane hydraulic machines and ways to address it through the biomimetic approach. The study reviews previous research into the peculiarities of the construction of living organisms that provide a reduction of their energy costs. The hydrodynamic effect of the sharkskin structure is created by the roughnesses (micro ribs) oriented along the flow and allows reducing the value of hydraulic drag in the near-wall area. Hypotheses are proposed about the possibilities of applying these features and approaches in technical systems, particularly for flow part elements of hydraulic machines. The authors set the goal to assess the efficiency of using an imitation of sharkskin in a simplified form of scales, and geometric outgrowths, which will provide the necessary hydrodynamic effect. The development includes 3D modeling and subsequent computational verification on the surfaces of flow part elements of hydraulic machines. The findings enable conclusions on the effect of scale placement on the plate on energy losses as the plate is streamlined by fluid. A conclusion is drawn on the current state of the use of nature-inspired technology in hydromechanical engineering and the development trends in this field.","PeriodicalId":38652,"journal":{"name":"ARPN Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139787588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Salt and spice noise is considered one of the most common types of noise that affect grayscale and color digital images, as it affects them negatively, and this negative effect increases with an increase in the noise ratio. Many digital filters are used to mitigate the negative effects of salt and pepper noise, and the most widely used of these filters are the average filter and the median filter. The average and median filters work on processing all pixels in the image, whether these pixels are intact from the noise or infected with it, and accordingly, mitigating this noise, especially if it has a high noise ratio, is ineffective. In this research paper, new window average and window median filters will be proposed to enhance the performance of standard average and median filters. The proposed filter will treat the infected pixels, leaving the clean pixels as they were. For a noisy pixel, a special window will be created and the pixel value will equal the mean (or average) of the cleaned pixels in the window (excluding the noisy pixels). To simplify the window processing an index window will be used, this window will point to the noisy and cleaned pixels in the selected pixel window. Several images with various values of noise ratios will be tested; several windows with different sizes will be examined to get the most suitable window size. The selected window size will be used to filter various noisy images, the obtained results will be compared with average and median filter results to show the improvements provided by the proposed method.
{"title":"WAF and WMF to improve the performance of average and median filters","authors":"","doi":"10.59018/1223309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59018/1223309","url":null,"abstract":"Salt and spice noise is considered one of the most common types of noise that affect grayscale and color digital images, as it affects them negatively, and this negative effect increases with an increase in the noise ratio. Many digital filters are used to mitigate the negative effects of salt and pepper noise, and the most widely used of these filters are the average filter and the median filter. The average and median filters work on processing all pixels in the image, whether these pixels are intact from the noise or infected with it, and accordingly, mitigating this noise, especially if it has a high noise ratio, is ineffective. In this research paper, new window average and window median filters will be proposed to enhance the performance of standard average and median filters. The proposed filter will treat the infected pixels, leaving the clean pixels as they were. For a noisy pixel, a special window will be created and the pixel value will equal the mean (or average) of the cleaned pixels in the window (excluding the noisy pixels). To simplify the window processing an index window will be used, this window will point to the noisy and cleaned pixels in the selected pixel window. Several images with various values of noise ratios will be tested; several windows with different sizes will be examined to get the most suitable window size. The selected window size will be used to filter various noisy images, the obtained results will be compared with average and median filter results to show the improvements provided by the proposed method.","PeriodicalId":38652,"journal":{"name":"ARPN Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139846308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Materials that have superior properties are indispensable for technological applications. Steel that has strong, heat- resistant, corrosion-resistant properties is indispensable for application in the design of liquid lead metal-cooled nuclear reactors. One of the steels that need to be studied for superior properties is FeNi alloy steel. In this study, the influence of FeNi steel composition was studied using computational methods of simulating molecular dynamics. The exact composition of FeNi steel to be able to work in liquid lead reactor coolant was analyzed using the CNA (common neighbor analysis) method. Molecular dynamics simulation uses the MOLDY program while the calculation of CNA values uses the OVITO program. From the simulation results, it can be known the effectiveness of variations in Fe and Ni composition that are able to produce the most stable FeNi alloy steel from the influence of liquid lead metal corrosion.
{"title":"FeNi steel alloys under effect of molten lead liquid at high temperature 750℃: A molecular dynamics simulation study","authors":"","doi":"10.59018/1123299","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59018/1123299","url":null,"abstract":"Materials that have superior properties are indispensable for technological applications. Steel that has strong, heat-\u0000resistant, corrosion-resistant properties is indispensable for application in the design of liquid lead metal-cooled nuclear\u0000reactors. One of the steels that need to be studied for superior properties is FeNi alloy steel. In this study, the influence of\u0000FeNi steel composition was studied using computational methods of simulating molecular dynamics. The exact\u0000composition of FeNi steel to be able to work in liquid lead reactor coolant was analyzed using the CNA (common neighbor\u0000analysis) method. Molecular dynamics simulation uses the MOLDY program while the calculation of CNA values uses the\u0000OVITO program. From the simulation results, it can be known the effectiveness of variations in Fe and Ni composition that\u0000are able to produce the most stable FeNi alloy steel from the influence of liquid lead metal corrosion.","PeriodicalId":38652,"journal":{"name":"ARPN Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140485462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Echocardiography is a popular ultrasound imaging method used for the diagnosis of heart conditions. With the advent of numerous image processing algorithms, echocardiographic image segmentation has become more significant. This is a crucial stage since it offers a framework for evaluating numerous cardiac parameters, including LV volume and heart wall, valve motion, ejection fraction, thickness, etc. All these factors are crucial for determining a heart's health. The task of manual segmentation requires skilled operators and takes a lot of time. By requiring the discriminator network to output class labels, we extend Generative Adversarial Networks to the semi-supervised type. This paper examines image segmentation techniques for echocardiography to find the borders of the left ventricle. In this paper, we introduce a new convolution neural network model for the auto-segmentation of the left ventricle in echo images. The division of a picture into regions is known as image segmentation. Segments, that computer vision can use to automatically understand. This method makes it easier to simultaneously evaluate and diagnose echo pictures. The segmentation of echocardiographic images can be utilized to measure cardiac characteristics like heart wall thickness.
{"title":"Semi-Supervised Gan for medical image segmentation","authors":"","doi":"10.59018/1123305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59018/1123305","url":null,"abstract":"Echocardiography is a popular ultrasound imaging method used for the diagnosis of heart conditions. With the\u0000advent of numerous image processing algorithms, echocardiographic image segmentation has become more significant.\u0000This is a crucial stage since it offers a framework for evaluating numerous cardiac parameters, including LV volume and\u0000heart wall, valve motion, ejection fraction, thickness, etc. All these factors are crucial for determining a heart's health. The\u0000task of manual segmentation requires skilled operators and takes a lot of time. By requiring the discriminator network to\u0000output class labels, we extend Generative Adversarial Networks to the semi-supervised type. This paper examines image\u0000segmentation techniques for echocardiography to find the borders of the left ventricle. In this paper, we introduce a new\u0000convolution neural network model for the auto-segmentation of the left ventricle in echo images. The division of a picture\u0000into regions is known as image segmentation. Segments, that computer vision can use to automatically understand. This\u0000method makes it easier to simultaneously evaluate and diagnose echo pictures. The segmentation of echocardiographic\u0000images can be utilized to measure cardiac characteristics like heart wall thickness.","PeriodicalId":38652,"journal":{"name":"ARPN Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140482214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
After driving a pile, foundation soil is restructured and thus regains part of its resistance. This phenomenon is aptly named soil setup. This paper’s focus is to study said phenomenon on eight open metal piles driven in a soil composed of sand and marl, while basing our findings on data of dynamic PDA tests processed with CAPWAP software. Firstly, dynamic tests performed after driving phase and at subsequent re-driving phases show an increase in both the required number of blows for a 10-centimeter drive and in the static resistance to re-driving. The correlations of these resistances with the predictions of the models of Skov & Denver (1988) and Svinkin & Skov (2000) were not satisfactory (R2 of 0.77 and 0.75 respectively). Noting that the setup is mainly due to the increase in friction, a layer-by-layer analysis is carried out by treating the sand and the marl separately. Attained results fit well the Skov & Denver model and align with the experimental results of Murad (2014), but given the model’s limitations in terms of reference time determination, we develop a new function model potency considering immediate setup. The new model fits our attained results very well (R2 of 0.944 for sand and 0.980 for marl). The final static strength after setup is thus calculated as a function of time based on the power function model and conservative estimates. This approach encourages allowing time for the soil to gradually and naturally scar instead of rushing into immediate and costly measures such as patching.
{"title":"Evaluating soil setup after open metallic pile driving","authors":"","doi":"10.59018/1123298","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59018/1123298","url":null,"abstract":"After driving a pile, foundation soil is restructured and thus regains part of its resistance. This phenomenon is\u0000aptly named soil setup. This paper’s focus is to study said phenomenon on eight open metal piles driven in a soil composed\u0000of sand and marl, while basing our findings on data of dynamic PDA tests processed with CAPWAP software. Firstly,\u0000dynamic tests performed after driving phase and at subsequent re-driving phases show an increase in both the required\u0000number of blows for a 10-centimeter drive and in the static resistance to re-driving. The correlations of these resistances\u0000with the predictions of the models of Skov & Denver (1988) and Svinkin & Skov (2000) were not satisfactory (R2 of 0.77\u0000and 0.75 respectively). Noting that the setup is mainly due to the increase in friction, a layer-by-layer analysis is carried out\u0000by treating the sand and the marl separately. Attained results fit well the Skov & Denver model and align with the\u0000experimental results of Murad (2014), but given the model’s limitations in terms of reference time determination, we\u0000develop a new function model potency considering immediate setup. The new model fits our attained results very well (R2\u0000of 0.944 for sand and 0.980 for marl). The final static strength after setup is thus calculated as a function of time based on\u0000the power function model and conservative estimates. This approach encourages allowing time for the soil to gradually and\u0000naturally scar instead of rushing into immediate and costly measures such as patching.","PeriodicalId":38652,"journal":{"name":"ARPN Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140481400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Current research's main focus is to incorporate the novel idea of Newtonian flux condition in MHD stretching flow of Maxwell liquid with Stefan blowing. An analysis is done to explore the heat and mass transfer characteristics of MHD Maxwell fluid towards a stretching cylinder, including thermal diffusion and diffusion-thermal energy implications in the presence of activation energy. Polar coordinates (z, r) in the shape of a cylinder are used to model the issue. To convert controlling PDEs into ODEs, similarity the variables are used. The governing equations of motion that result are tackled via the notorious R-K 4th order approach. Through graphical portrayal, the impacts of various factors, including curvature, magnetics, Stefan blowing, reaction, and activation energy parameters, are studied. Furthermore, the validation of numerical findings is prepared by benchmarking with previously determined limiting conditions, and we launch a wonderful communication with these results.
{"title":"Impact of thermal diffusion and diffusion-thermal effects on MHD Maxwell fluid subject to Newtonian heat and mass conditions over a stretching cylinder","authors":"","doi":"10.59018/1123296","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59018/1123296","url":null,"abstract":"Current research's main focus is to incorporate the novel idea of Newtonian flux condition in MHD stretching\u0000flow of Maxwell liquid with Stefan blowing. An analysis is done to explore the heat and mass transfer characteristics of\u0000MHD Maxwell fluid towards a stretching cylinder, including thermal diffusion and diffusion-thermal energy implications\u0000in the presence of activation energy. Polar coordinates (z, r) in the shape of a cylinder are used to model the issue. To\u0000convert controlling PDEs into ODEs, similarity the variables are used. The governing equations of motion that result are\u0000tackled via the notorious R-K 4th order approach. Through graphical portrayal, the impacts of various factors, including\u0000curvature, magnetics, Stefan blowing, reaction, and activation energy parameters, are studied. Furthermore, the validation\u0000of numerical findings is prepared by benchmarking with previously determined limiting conditions, and we launch a\u0000wonderful communication with these results.","PeriodicalId":38652,"journal":{"name":"ARPN Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140485275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Surfactant is a substance that can reduce surface tension, which has two groups in one molecule: hydrophilic and hydrophobic. These two groups, in the same molecule, have different degrees of polarity. In this study, stearic acid was amidated with urea using a super base calcium oxide catalyst in a mixture of hexane and isopropanol solvents. The study was carried out by observing two process-independent variables: the reaction temperature in the range of 55˚C, 65˚C, and 75˚C, and the reaction time in the range of 2 hours, 3 hours, and 4 hours. Optimum conditions were obtained at a temperature of 75°C and a reaction time of 3 hours, where a conversion of 89.88% was obtained. Then the research samples were analyzed using FT-IR and super base calcium oxide catalyst and analyzed for morphological properties using SEM.
{"title":"Application of super base calcium oxide catalyst in the synthesis of stearamide surfactants by amidation","authors":"","doi":"10.59018/1123301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59018/1123301","url":null,"abstract":"Surfactant is a substance that can reduce surface tension, which has two groups in one molecule: hydrophilic and\u0000hydrophobic. These two groups, in the same molecule, have different degrees of polarity. In this study, stearic acid was\u0000amidated with urea using a super base calcium oxide catalyst in a mixture of hexane and isopropanol solvents. The study\u0000was carried out by observing two process-independent variables: the reaction temperature in the range of 55˚C, 65˚C, and\u000075˚C, and the reaction time in the range of 2 hours, 3 hours, and 4 hours. Optimum conditions were obtained at a\u0000temperature of 75°C and a reaction time of 3 hours, where a conversion of 89.88% was obtained. Then the research\u0000samples were analyzed using FT-IR and super base calcium oxide catalyst and analyzed for morphological properties using\u0000SEM.","PeriodicalId":38652,"journal":{"name":"ARPN Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140480162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Proper wastewater disposal is crucial for the sustainable development of rapidly growing megacities worldwide. The emergence of waterlogging near evaporation ponds (EVP) and in desert areas surrounding these cities poses a significant environmental threat. This study employs an integrated approach, combining transient electromagnetic (TEM) and 2D-electrical resistivity tomography (2D-ERT) methods with remote sensing techniques, to understand wastewater flow patterns around EVPs and identify suitable disposal sites. The research focuses on a complex subsurface structure in the Cairo-Suez district, characterized by extensive surface waterlogging. Initial monitoring relies on satellite imagery and land use-land cover maps. TEM provides an overview of subsurface layer distribution, while 2D-ERT offers detailed insights into near-surface flow paths. To address the limitations of geoelectrical methods in locating conductive layers, advanced inversion techniques (AIS) are applied. The findings reveal a four-layer subsurface composition, with waterlogging primarily attributed to the argillaceous limestone layer interbedded with shale. This layer is shallower in the eastern and northwest areas, correlating with higher instances of waterlogging. Moving northward, the argillaceous limestone layer deepens, and the upper clastic layer thickens, resulting in reduced waterlogging. The study underscores the influence of subsurface structure on near-surface layer distribution. Based on these findings, optimal wastewater disposal sites are recommended, with a focus on the northern region where the argillaceous limestone layer is deeper and the upper clastic layer is thicker. To mitigate waterlogging, the installation of disposal wells is highly advised, leveraging the insights derived from this research. This study offers a versatile and reproducible approach suitable for both pre-project planning and post-project phases in desert regions.
{"title":"Delineation of the proper locations for wastewater disposal in arid regions using TEM and ERT techniques: A case study at Rubiki industrial zone, Badr City, Egypt","authors":"","doi":"10.59018/1123303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59018/1123303","url":null,"abstract":"Proper wastewater disposal is crucial for the sustainable development of rapidly growing megacities worldwide.\u0000The emergence of waterlogging near evaporation ponds (EVP) and in desert areas surrounding these cities poses a\u0000significant environmental threat. This study employs an integrated approach, combining transient electromagnetic (TEM)\u0000and 2D-electrical resistivity tomography (2D-ERT) methods with remote sensing techniques, to understand wastewater\u0000flow patterns around EVPs and identify suitable disposal sites. The research focuses on a complex subsurface structure in\u0000the Cairo-Suez district, characterized by extensive surface waterlogging. Initial monitoring relies on satellite imagery and\u0000land use-land cover maps. TEM provides an overview of subsurface layer distribution, while 2D-ERT offers detailed\u0000insights into near-surface flow paths. To address the limitations of geoelectrical methods in locating conductive layers,\u0000advanced inversion techniques (AIS) are applied. The findings reveal a four-layer subsurface composition, with\u0000waterlogging primarily attributed to the argillaceous limestone layer interbedded with shale. This layer is shallower in the\u0000eastern and northwest areas, correlating with higher instances of waterlogging. Moving northward, the argillaceous\u0000limestone layer deepens, and the upper clastic layer thickens, resulting in reduced waterlogging. The study underscores the\u0000influence of subsurface structure on near-surface layer distribution. Based on these findings, optimal wastewater disposal\u0000sites are recommended, with a focus on the northern region where the argillaceous limestone layer is deeper and the upper\u0000clastic layer is thicker. To mitigate waterlogging, the installation of disposal wells is highly advised, leveraging the insights\u0000derived from this research. This study offers a versatile and reproducible approach suitable for both pre-project planning\u0000and post-project phases in desert regions.","PeriodicalId":38652,"journal":{"name":"ARPN Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140485682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The fluctuating nature of renewable energy is one of the factors that reduces its ability to compete with traditional forms of power generation. In the context of ocean current energy, tidal oscillations are the primary reason for the average power generation being significantly lower than the designed value. Increasing energy production through optimization is necessary for ocean current energy to compete successfully in the market. This experimental study is intended to increase electrical power production through electromechanical engineering with tip speed ratio (TSR) control using auxiliary motors, and adapts the Motor Generator Pair (MGP) approach, where the generator and motor are connected in series. A physical model of a Tidal Energy Conversion System (TECS) was developed. The system consists of a turbine simulator in the form of an AC motor with separate torque and speed controls, torque sensors, a hydraulic transmission system, and auxiliary motors. With this system, a typical tidal turbine profile was built and simulated TSR-based optimization control. The results of this optimization control show that power production can be increased through optimal tip-speed ratio control.
{"title":"TSR-Based optimization using auxiliary motor in Tidal Energy Conversion System: An experimental study","authors":"","doi":"10.59018/1123302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59018/1123302","url":null,"abstract":"The fluctuating nature of renewable energy is one of the factors that reduces its ability to compete with traditional\u0000forms of power generation. In the context of ocean current energy, tidal oscillations are the primary reason for the average\u0000power generation being significantly lower than the designed value. Increasing energy production through optimization is\u0000necessary for ocean current energy to compete successfully in the market. This experimental study is intended to increase\u0000electrical power production through electromechanical engineering with tip speed ratio (TSR) control using auxiliary\u0000motors, and adapts the Motor Generator Pair (MGP) approach, where the generator and motor are connected in series. A\u0000physical model of a Tidal Energy Conversion System (TECS) was developed. The system consists of a turbine simulator in\u0000the form of an AC motor with separate torque and speed controls, torque sensors, a hydraulic transmission system, and\u0000auxiliary motors. With this system, a typical tidal turbine profile was built and simulated TSR-based optimization control.\u0000The results of this optimization control show that power production can be increased through optimal tip-speed ratio\u0000control.","PeriodicalId":38652,"journal":{"name":"ARPN Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140483763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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