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Preschool and School Aggression: Adaptation and Validation of the Preschool Social Behavior Scale in Chile 学前与学校攻击:智利学前社会行为量表的适应与验证
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.15446/rcp.v32n2.92600
Jorge Varela, Paula Mujica, Roberto Melipillán, Mariavictoria Benavente, Paula Villacura
Recognizing aggressive behavior at an early age is vital to identify problematic trajectories that may increase the risk of behavioral and social adaptation problems at school and during adolescence. This requires scales capable of measuring this behavior. In this study, the Scale of Preschool Social Behavior (psbs) - Teacher Form was validated using a Confirmatory Factor Analysis (cfa) in a national context. We used a sample of 538 children and 12 educators from 4 kindergartens and 5 public schools in Santiago, Chile. The results revealed two main factors: aggression and pro-social behavior, similar to the original scale. This study contributes to the early detection of physical and relational aggression in the preschool stage through the development of reliable measurements that guide prevention programs.
早期识别攻击行为对于识别可能增加学校和青春期行为和社会适应问题风险的问题轨迹至关重要。这就需要能够测量这种行为的尺度。在本研究中,采用验证性因子分析(cfa)在全国范围内对学前社会行为量表(psbs) -教师表格进行验证。我们使用了来自智利圣地亚哥4所幼儿园和5所公立学校的538名儿童和12名教育工作者的样本。结果显示两个主要因素:攻击性和亲社会行为,与原量表相似。本研究通过开发可靠的测量方法来指导预防计划,有助于在学龄前阶段早期发现身体和关系攻击。
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引用次数: 0
Validation of the Hispanic American Version of the Plymouth Sensory Imagery Questionnaire (psi-q): A Culturally Adapted Measure of Multisensory Mental Imagery 验证西班牙版普利茅斯感觉意象问卷(psi-q):多感觉心理意象的文化适应性测量
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.15446/rcp.v32n2.99016
Iona Naismith, William Jiménez Leal, Ashley Pople, Emily A. Holmes
Mental imagery is increasingly recognized to play a key role in psychotherapy, education, and other domains. The Plymouth Sensory Imagery Questionnaire (psi-q) measures the vividness of mental imagery in seven modalities: vision, sound, smell, taste, touch, bodily sensations, and feelings. This study adapted the psi-q for Hispanic-American respondents in Colombia and explored moderators of imagery vividness. Study 1 validated the original psi-q (short version) in a sample of 292 Colombian university students. Study 2 developed and validated a cultural adaptation of the psi-q with 508 Colombian adults from the general population. The Vividness of Visual Imagery Questionnaire-2 (vviq-2) was used to analyze convergent validity in both samples. Thus we propose a new 29-item Hispanic-American version of the psi-q, adapted to cultural differences in the region, that displays good reliability and convergent validity. Imagery vividness was higher in females and at higher education levels. Higher cross-loadings between senses occurred in this sample, which may reflect cultural differences in somatization.
人们越来越认识到心理意象在心理治疗、教育和其他领域发挥着关键作用。普利茅斯感觉意象问卷(psi-q)以七种方式测量心理意象的生动度:视觉、声音、嗅觉、味觉、触觉、身体感觉和感觉。本研究采用psi-q量表对哥伦比亚的西班牙裔美国人进行调查,并探讨了意象生动性的调节因素。研究1在292名哥伦比亚大学生样本中验证了原始psi-q(简称psi-q)。研究2开发并验证了508名哥伦比亚普通人群中psi-q的文化适应性。采用视觉意象生动度问卷-2 (vviq-2)对两个样本进行收敛效度分析。因此,我们提出了一个新的29项西班牙裔美国人版本的psi-q,适应了该地区的文化差异,具有良好的信度和收敛效度。女性和受教育程度越高,意象的生动性越强。在这个样本中,感觉之间的交叉负荷较高,这可能反映了躯体化的文化差异。
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引用次数: 0
Identification of Components Associated with the Operation of Mutual Aid Groups: A Scoping Review 确定与互助小组运作有关的组成部分:范围审查
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.15446/rcp.v32n2.103633
Felipe Agudelo Hernández, Rodrigo Rojas-Andrade, Marcela Guapacha Montoya, Andrés Camilo Delgado Reyes
This research aims to identify the components associated with the benefits of Mutual Aid Groups (mags). Although they have been singled out by the evidence, specific information on their nuclear components is lacking. Based on the methodological approach of Arksey and O’Malley and the Joanna Briggs Institute, all research studies (Pubmed, Scopus, Scielo, Embase, and Redalyc) and gray literature examining these groups were included. The search was carried out throughout 2022 with the following codes: mutual aid groups; self-help groups. We reviewed 62 papers and 37 were included from a total of 2064 articles. The study shows that the components associated with beneficial results are: active agency, coping strategies, recognition, management of emotions, problem-solving strategies, supportive interaction, trust, self-identity construction, and strengthening of social networks. Thus, it reaffirms that mags are an effective option to address health problems. The application of these components could also contribute to achieve these benefits.
这项研究的目的是确定与互助团体(mags)的好处相关的组成部分。虽然这些国家已被证据挑出来,但缺乏关于其核部件的具体资料。基于Arksey和O 'Malley以及Joanna Briggs研究所的方法,所有研究(Pubmed, Scopus, Scielo, Embase和Redalyc)和灰色文献都纳入了这些群体。整个2022年,搜索工作以以下代码进行:互助组织;自助小组。我们回顾了62篇论文,从2064篇文章中纳入了37篇。研究表明,与有益结果相关的因素有:主动代理、应对策略、认知、情绪管理、问题解决策略、支持性互动、信任、自我认同构建和社会网络加强。因此,委员会重申磁振器是解决健康问题的有效选择。这些组件的应用也有助于实现这些好处。
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引用次数: 2
Social Representations of Gender: A Contextual Construction in Schools 性别的社会表征:学校的语境建构
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.15446/rcp.v32n2.102351
Luisa Ramírez, Ximena Palacios-Espinosa, Paolo Ferroni, Camila Alejandra Beltrán
Social representations of gender (SR), namely, beliefs, values, attitudes, and symbolic content about gender affect people’s behavior and relations to others in social life. Gender representations help explain gender violence among the adolescent population. A qualitative study was conducted to explore the gender SR of teachers and students from two cities in Colombia: Bogotá and Ibagué. Multimethod data collection was performed using a word-association task with 37 teachers and a collaborative cartoon construction task with 284 students from both cities. Thematic analysis and triangulation were performed on this data. Knowledge and informational sources were explored in-depth among students and teachers. The analysis of gender representations revealed rather traditional views: binary representations of gender roles, gender relations, physical characteristics, and behavioral expectations for men and women. The study also found differences between the two educational contexts, scarce references to sexual diversity, and a nuance of tragedy in female gender roles and relations.
社会性别表征(Social representation of gender, SR),即关于性别的信仰、价值观、态度和象征内容,影响着人们在社会生活中的行为和与他人的关系。性别表征有助于解释青少年群体中的性别暴力。本研究对哥伦比亚波哥大和伊巴古两个城市的教师和学生的性别SR进行了定性研究。采用多方法收集数据,对37名教师进行单词联想任务,对来自两个城市的284名学生进行协同卡通构建任务。对这些数据进行了专题分析和三角测量。在学生和教师中深入探索知识和信息来源。对性别表征的分析揭示了相当传统的观点:性别角色、性别关系、身体特征和对男性和女性的行为期望的二元表征。该研究还发现了两种教育背景之间的差异,对性别多样性的提及很少,以及女性性别角色和关系中悲剧的细微差别。
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引用次数: 0
"Gratitude is Thanking Someone, and Happiness Is Showing It": A Qualitative Study of Colombian Children's Perspectives on Gratitude “感恩是感谢别人,幸福是表达感谢”:哥伦比亚儿童感恩观的质性研究
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.15446/rcp.v32n2.100130
Gordon P.D. Ingram, Yvonne Gómez, Marta Carolina Ibarra, Patricia Elena Jaramillo, Karen Daniela Robles, Sonia Carrillo
As a character strength, gratitude is linked with positive emotions and can potentially provide many benefits to children and adolescents. Yet little is known about how and why children typically experience gratitude, and how to promote its development. We conducted 10 focus groups and written exercises with 38 Colombian fifth-graders (19 girls and 19 boys), from one public school and two private schools, to explore different components of their gratitude experiences, namely, the benefactors, benefits, feelings, and behavioral expressions associated with gratitude, using a theoretical/ deductive thematic analysis. There were many commonalities in the themes of the gratitude elements found in both girls’ and boys’ answers, and in both public and private schools. One element of gratitude not anticipated in the analysis was the degree of effort that children saw benefactors (particularly family members) investing in them. These findings can be used to inform educational interventions, making them more relevant to children in Colombian and other Latin American contexts.
作为一种性格力量,感恩与积极情绪有关,并可能为儿童和青少年带来许多好处。然而,对于儿童通常如何以及为什么会体验感恩,以及如何促进其发展,人们知之甚少。我们对来自一所公立学校和两所私立学校的38名哥伦比亚五年级学生(19名女孩和19名男孩)进行了10个焦点小组和书面练习,以探索他们感恩经历的不同组成部分,即与感恩相关的恩人、利益、感受和行为表达,采用理论/演绎主题分析。在女孩和男孩的回答中,在公立学校和私立学校中,感恩元素的主题都有许多共同点。分析中没有预料到的一个感恩因素是,孩子们看到恩人(尤其是家庭成员)在他们身上投入的努力程度。这些发现可用于为教育干预提供信息,使其更适用于哥伦比亚和其他拉丁美洲国家的儿童。
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引用次数: 0
Vocational Choice: A Narrative Identity Approach Conceived from Cultural Psychology 职业选择:文化心理学视角下的叙事认同研究
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.15446/rcp.v32n2.96358
Javier Orlando Beltrán-Jaimes, Carlos Arturo Sandoval Casilimas, Moisés Esteban Guitart
Vocation has been studied from perspectives such as trait-factor, differential psychology, and psychometrics. These perspectives have assumed it to be the precursor of a unique and definitive career choice, resulting from matching personal characteristics with the requirements of a job. Vocation has also been conceptualized as the product of evolutionary stages, dependent on maturational processes. However, the changing conditions of the contemporary world of work make it necessary to reconsider vocationality from a dynamic perspective that transcends the exclusively psychometric view. This article proposes an alternative approach to vocation, based on the processes of identity construction propose by cultural psychology. Thus, vocation is assumed as a process of a narrative nature, in constant formation, based on the symbolic resources with which people interact. Vocationality emerges as a historical, situated, and distributed phenomenon, marked by occupational and educational experiences, as well as by interactive experiences with significant others.
从特质因素、差异心理学、心理测量学等角度对职业进行了研究。这些观点认为,它是一个独特而明确的职业选择的前兆,是将个人特征与工作要求相匹配的结果。职业也被概念化为进化阶段的产物,依赖于成熟的过程。然而,当代工作世界不断变化的条件使得有必要从动态的角度来重新考虑职业,这超越了专门的心理测量学观点。本文在文化心理学提出的身份建构过程的基础上,提出了一种替代性的职业建构方法。因此,天职被认为是一个叙事性的过程,在不断形成的基础上,与人们互动的象征资源。职业作为一种历史的、定位的和分布的现象出现,以职业和教育经历以及与重要他人的互动经历为特征。
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引用次数: 0
La Instalación del Trauma en dos comunidades de Colombia: Trauma Colectivo y Marcos Discursivos 哥伦比亚两个社区的创伤安装:集体创伤和话语框架
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-01-11 DOI: 10.15446/rcp.v32n1.96617
Carlos José Parales Quenza, Felipe Ramírez-Cortazar
Las comunidades que enfrentan experiencias de violencia extrema sufren daños en su estructura social, que afectan relaciones interpersonales, sentimientos de integración social e identidades personales. Propusimos el concepto de instalación del trauma como construcción sociopolítica y eje de asignación de sentido, que permite a las comunidades explicar lo desconcertante. La instalación consiste en el andamiaje de recursos, materiales y simbólicos, que ofrecen interpretaciones situacionales de una experiencia; nos enfocamos en elementos simbólicos, específicamente en marcos discursivos, que son soportes de significación y organizan contenidos con el fin de comprender eventos. En esta investigación analizamos marcos discursivos de dos comunidades que enfrentaron situaciones de violencia extrema (masacres), con el objetivo de estudiar términos de instalación y elaboración del trauma colectivo. Identificamos marcos discursivos genéricos y específicos, que posibilitaron la construcción comunitaria de una narrativa del trauma. El concepto de instalación del trauma sirve para revisar estrategias de contención psicosocial ante eventos que alteran el tejido social de una comunidad.
面临极端暴力经历的社区的社会结构受到损害,影响人际关系、社会融合感和个人身份。我们提出了创伤设施作为社会政治建设和意义分配轴心的概念,使社区能够解释令人困惑的事情。该设施包括资源、材料和象征性的脚手架,提供对体验的情景解释;我们专注于象征性元素,特别是话语框架,它们是意义的载体,并组织内容以理解事件。在这项研究中,我们分析了两个面临极端暴力(大屠杀)情况的社区的话语框架,目的是研究建立和发展集体创伤的术语。我们确定了通用和特定的话语框架,使社区建设创伤叙事成为可能。创伤设施的概念有助于审查针对改变社区社会结构的事件的心理社会遏制策略。
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引用次数: 0
The Role of Third Parties in Cyber Conflicts: The sima Simulator 第三方在网络冲突中的作用:模拟模拟
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-01-11 DOI: 10.15446/rcp.v32n1.96322
Luisa García-Vargas, E. Durán-Aponte, Enrique Chaux
New media creates opportunities to directly measure how adolescents respond to aggressive situations. In this study, we report on sima, a simulator of digital chats, created to mimic online aggressive interactions within a conflict situation. Adolescents were invited to be part of a digital chat where all interactions were pre-programmed, except for the participants’ interventions, to discuss controversial topics (e.g., animal maltreatment). Two chat members engaged in a conflict programmed to escalate quickly through aggressive insults. Sixth and seventh-grade students (mostly aged 12 to 14; n = 287) from one public school (low ses) and one private school (high ses) participated in the study. Responses to open questions after finishing the chat suggest that the great majority considered that they were taking part in a real online interaction. Aggressive offenses towards other members of the chat were very common. sima opens many options for further research about bystander behavior in aggressive online interactions.
新媒体创造了直接衡量青少年如何应对攻击性情境的机会。在这项研究中,我们报告了sima,一种数字聊天模拟器,用于模拟冲突情况下的在线攻击性互动。青少年被邀请参加数字聊天,除了参与者的干预之外,所有的互动都是预先编程的,讨论有争议的话题(例如,虐待动物)。两个聊天成员卷入了一场冲突,通过激烈的侮辱迅速升级。六年级和七年级的学生(大多年龄在12至14岁之间;来自一所公立学校(低社会地位)和一所私立学校(高社会地位)的287名学生参加了研究。聊天结束后对开放问题的回答表明,绝大多数人认为他们正在参与真正的在线互动。对其他聊天成员的攻击性攻击是很常见的。司马为进一步研究攻击性网络互动中的旁观者行为提供了许多选择。
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引用次数: 0
Historical Development of Political-Critical Thinking in Colombian Psychology 哥伦比亚心理学中政治批判性思维的历史发展
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-01-11 DOI: 10.15446/rcp.v32n1.98961
J. N. Cudina, Julio César Ossa, Juan David Millán, Wilson López-López, Luca Tateo
The study traces the historical elements that have influenced the development of political-critical thinking in Colombian Psychology. Four historical periods have been identified and discussed: The intellectual colonialism of Colombian Psychology (1947-1960); the social Psychiatry in the years of La comisión [The commission] (1961-1980); the community Psychology and the coexistence (1980-1991); and the psychosocial studies after recent peace processes between government and armed groups (1991-2018). Colombian political Psychology did not follow a homogeneous and linear development. The reality experienced by Colombians during more than five decades of armed conflict required Psychology to abandon the direct paths of politics and opt for psychosocial studies that promise to be the most radical heirs of a generation of Latin American critical thinking as represented by Ignacio Martín-Baró, Maritza Montero and Silvia Lane.
该研究追溯了影响哥伦比亚心理学政治批判性思维发展的历史因素。确定并讨论了四个历史时期:哥伦比亚心理学的知识殖民主义(1947-1960);La comisión[委员会]时期的社会精神病学(1961年至1980年);社区心理学与共存(1980-1991);以及最近政府与武装团体之间的和平进程后的心理社会研究(1991-2018年)。哥伦比亚的政治心理学并没有遵循同质和线性的发展。哥伦比亚人在50多年的武装冲突中所经历的现实要求心理学放弃直接的政治道路,选择心理社会研究,这些研究有望成为以伊格纳西奥·马丁·巴罗、玛丽莎·蒙特罗和西尔维娅·莱恩为代表的一代拉丁美洲批判性思维的最激进继承者。
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引用次数: 0
Green Products Purchase Intention in Chilean Consumers: Comparing Three Models Using Structural Equations 智利消费者的绿色产品购买意愿——基于结构方程的三种模型比较
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-01-11 DOI: 10.15446/rcp.v32n1.92739
José S. Sandoval-Díaz, Patricio Neumann Langdon
The objective of this study was to compare three models: the theory of reasoned action (tra), the theory of planned behavior (tpb), and its extended form (etpb), to predict the intention of Chilean consumers for purchasing green products. Five hundred people were surveyed, establishing an inter-rater reliability analysis, and a discriminant, convergent and construct validity using three structural equation models (sem). The results showed that the etpb model is useful to explain the consumption behavior intention for green products based on a triple bottom line, whose main contribution is the indirect effect of environmental concern (ec) on the model. The study found that of the three variables, perceived behavioral control (pbc) was the strongest predictor of purchase intention (pi), followed by attitude (att). In conclusion, both the etpb model and the green products purchase intention instrument contribute to broaden the studies about consumer behavior in sustainable marketing in Chile.
本研究的目的是比较三个模型:理性行动理论(tra)、计划行为理论(tpb)及其扩展形式(etpb),以预测智利消费者购买绿色产品的意图。对500人进行了调查,使用三个结构方程模型(sem)建立了评分者间的可靠性分析以及判别、收敛和结构有效性。结果表明,etpb模型有助于解释基于三重底线的绿色产品消费行为意向,其主要贡献是环境关注对该模型的间接影响。研究发现,在这三个变量中,感知行为控制(pbc)是购买意愿(pi)的最强预测因子,其次是态度(att)。总之,etpb模型和绿色产品购买意向工具都有助于拓宽智利可持续营销中消费者行为的研究。
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引用次数: 0
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Revista Colombiana de Psicologia
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