The impact of adding xanthan gum (0.05, 0.1 and 0.2%) biosynthesized from grape juice pomace on the physicochemical characteristics (pH, titratable acidity, total solid, water holding capacity and syneresis) of set-type yoghurt was examined during 21 days of storage period at 4 oC in this study. Textural, color (L*, a* and b*) and sensory attributes (appearance, color, texture, taste and odor) were also assessed in samples with and without biosynthesized xanthan gum. The textural properties and water-holding capacity of the yoghurt were significantly (p0.05) between the samples at the end of storage, except for the sample with 0.2% xanthan gum. The addition of the highest concentration of xanthan gum increased the a* and b* values while decreasing the L* value (p 0.05) between BX0.1% and BX0.2%, the samples with the lowest L* value. The addition of biosynthesized xanthan had no significant effect (p> 0.05) on the total solid, protein and ash content of yoğurt. Besides, the biosynthesized xanthan gum had no negative impacts on the sensory characteristics of yoghurt, except for the appearance. The findings indicated that biosynthesized xanthan may be a desirable additive since it enhances the physical characteristics of yoghurt without affecting its nutritional value or sensory properties.
{"title":"Fortification of Yoghurt with Xanthan Gum Biosynthesized from Grape Juice Pomace: Physicochemical, Textural and Sensory Characterization","authors":"A. Demirci, Başak Gürbüz","doi":"10.33462/jotaf.1252469","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.1252469","url":null,"abstract":"The impact of adding xanthan gum (0.05, 0.1 and 0.2%) biosynthesized from grape juice pomace on the physicochemical characteristics (pH, titratable acidity, total solid, water holding capacity and syneresis) of set-type yoghurt was examined during 21 days of storage period at 4 oC in this study. Textural, color (L*, a* and b*) and sensory attributes (appearance, color, texture, taste and odor) were also assessed in samples with and without biosynthesized xanthan gum. The textural properties and water-holding capacity of the yoghurt were significantly (p0.05) between the samples at the end of storage, except for the sample with 0.2% xanthan gum. The addition of the highest concentration of xanthan gum increased the a* and b* values while decreasing the L* value (p 0.05) between BX0.1% and BX0.2%, the samples with the lowest L* value. The addition of biosynthesized xanthan had no significant effect (p> 0.05) on the total solid, protein and ash content of yoğurt. Besides, the biosynthesized xanthan gum had no negative impacts on the sensory characteristics of yoghurt, except for the appearance. The findings indicated that biosynthesized xanthan may be a desirable additive since it enhances the physical characteristics of yoghurt without affecting its nutritional value or sensory properties.","PeriodicalId":387927,"journal":{"name":"Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126245221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
O. N. Öcalan, O. Saraçoğlu, Kenan Yildiz, Fatmanur Çezik, Ala Asi Mohammed Al-Salihi
Bu çalışma 2021 yılında Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa Üniversitesi Tarımsal Uygulama ve Araştırma Merkez Müdürlüğü’ne ait köklendirme serasında yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada, farklı karanlık koşulları altında 6000 ppm indol-3-bütirik asit (IBA) ve 2000 ppm kafeik asit (KA) uygulamalarının karadut odun çeliklerinin köklenmesi üzerine etkisi araştırılmıştır. Deneme, tesadüf parselleri deneme desenine göre faktöriyel düzende 3 tekerrürlü olarak kurulmuştur. Materyal olarak müdürlük bünyesinde bulunan damızlık karadut ağaçlarının bir yaşlı dallarından hazırlanan odun çelikleri kullanılmıştır. Odun çelikleri 2021 yılının şubat ayında alınarak alttan ısıtmalı (20±2°C) perlit ortamına dikilmiştir. Çalışmada kullanılan çelikler 3 gruba ayrılarak birinci gruptaki çeliklerin üzeri dikimden sonra siyah malç örtüsü ile kapatılmış (Dikim Sonrası Karanlık=DSK); ikinci gruptaki çelikler dikimden önce 5 gün karanlık koşulda bekletildikten sonra köklendirme ortamına dikilmiş (Dikim Öncesi Karanlık=DÖK); üçüncü gruptaki çeliklere ise herhangi bir karanlık uygulaması yapılmamıştır (Standart). Her bir karanlık uygulamasındaki çeliklere 6000 ppm IBA ve 2000 ppm KA tek başına veya birlikte uygulanmıştır. Köklenme ortamında 90 gün bekletilen çelikler bu süre sonunda sökülerek; köklenme oranı, kallus oluşum oranı, çürüme oranı, kök sayısı, kök uzunluğu ve kök çapı değerleri kaydedilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda köklenme oranı %2.2 ile %77.8 arasında değişmiştir. En yüksek köklenme oranına DÖK koşulundaki çeliklere 6000 ppm IBA ve 6000 ppm IBA + 2000 ppm KA uygulamaları sonucunda ulaşılmıştır. Kallus oluşturan çeliklerin oranı %64.4 ile %93.3, kök sayısı 1.5 ile14.4 kök/çelik, kök uzunluğu 3.6 ile10.8 cm ve kök çapı 0.86 ile1.53 mm arasında değişim göstermiştir. Elde edilen veriler, DÖK koşulunda bekletilen çeliklere IBA'nın tek başına ya da KA ile birlikte uygulanmasının karadutun köklenmesine olumlu etki yaptığını göstermiştir.
{"title":"Effect of IBA and Caffeic Acid on Rooting of Black Mulberry (Morus nigra L.) Hardwood Cuttings in Different Dark Conditions","authors":"O. N. Öcalan, O. Saraçoğlu, Kenan Yildiz, Fatmanur Çezik, Ala Asi Mohammed Al-Salihi","doi":"10.33462/jotaf.1034584","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.1034584","url":null,"abstract":"Bu çalışma 2021 yılında Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa Üniversitesi Tarımsal Uygulama ve Araştırma Merkez Müdürlüğü’ne ait köklendirme serasında yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada, farklı karanlık koşulları altında 6000 ppm indol-3-bütirik asit (IBA) ve 2000 ppm kafeik asit (KA) uygulamalarının karadut odun çeliklerinin köklenmesi üzerine etkisi araştırılmıştır. Deneme, tesadüf parselleri deneme desenine göre faktöriyel düzende 3 tekerrürlü olarak kurulmuştur. Materyal olarak müdürlük bünyesinde bulunan damızlık karadut ağaçlarının bir yaşlı dallarından hazırlanan odun çelikleri kullanılmıştır. Odun çelikleri 2021 yılının şubat ayında alınarak alttan ısıtmalı (20±2°C) perlit ortamına dikilmiştir. Çalışmada kullanılan çelikler 3 gruba ayrılarak birinci gruptaki çeliklerin üzeri dikimden sonra siyah malç örtüsü ile kapatılmış (Dikim Sonrası Karanlık=DSK); ikinci gruptaki çelikler dikimden önce 5 gün karanlık koşulda bekletildikten sonra köklendirme ortamına dikilmiş (Dikim Öncesi Karanlık=DÖK); üçüncü gruptaki çeliklere ise herhangi bir karanlık uygulaması yapılmamıştır (Standart). Her bir karanlık uygulamasındaki çeliklere 6000 ppm IBA ve 2000 ppm KA tek başına veya birlikte uygulanmıştır. Köklenme ortamında 90 gün bekletilen çelikler bu süre sonunda sökülerek; köklenme oranı, kallus oluşum oranı, çürüme oranı, kök sayısı, kök uzunluğu ve kök çapı değerleri kaydedilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda köklenme oranı %2.2 ile %77.8 arasında değişmiştir. En yüksek köklenme oranına DÖK koşulundaki çeliklere 6000 ppm IBA ve 6000 ppm IBA + 2000 ppm KA uygulamaları sonucunda ulaşılmıştır. Kallus oluşturan çeliklerin oranı %64.4 ile %93.3, kök sayısı 1.5 ile14.4 kök/çelik, kök uzunluğu 3.6 ile10.8 cm ve kök çapı 0.86 ile1.53 mm arasında değişim göstermiştir. Elde edilen veriler, DÖK koşulunda bekletilen çeliklere IBA'nın tek başına ya da KA ile birlikte uygulanmasının karadutun köklenmesine olumlu etki yaptığını göstermiştir.","PeriodicalId":387927,"journal":{"name":"Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114941717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nurengin Mete, H. Gülen, Öznur Çeti̇n, M. Hakan, Uğur Güloğlu, H. Kaya, Nurcan Uluçay
The motherland of the olive is considered as east of the Mediterranean Basin. Turkey is partly located within this basin having a rich source of biodiversity. Olive growing in Turkey is carried out in the Aegean, Marmara, Mediterranean, Southeastern Anatolia and Black Sea Regions. Climatic factors determine the cultivation limits of olive which is not very selective in terms of soil demand. In regions where olives are grown, the Mediterranean climate prevails. Winters are warm and rainy in the region, while summers are hot and dry. On the other hand, severe cold damage in some years can cause significant damage especially in the inner parts of Aegean, Marmara and Black Sea Regions. As a matter of fact, it is known that 31.8% of olive plantations in Turkey are exposed to occasional frost damage. This situation has revealed the necessity of determining the varieties with high frost tolerance and determining the suitable varieties for the regions where cold damage may occur. In the study, 40 registered olive cultivars in “Kemalpaşa Olive Germplasm Bank" in Bornova Olive Research Institute, in İzmir were screened in terms of frost tolerance. To evaluate the frost tolerance (LT50) of cultivars, as estimated by ion leakage (electrical conductivity), leaf samples taken in six different periods over two years were exposed to temperatures at +4 °C (control), -2 °C, -5°C, -8 °C, -11°C, -14 °C, -17 °C and -20 °C. In conclusion; it has been determined that frost tolerance of olive varieties revealed significant variability both genetically and seasonally. Butko, Memeli, Otur, Gemlik, Sinop No 5, Yün Çelebi, Kara Yaprak, Satı and Sarı Ulak were determined as cultivars that were more tolerant of frost. Sinop No 1, Marantelli, Ayvalık, Görvele, Çakır, Samsun Tuzlamalık, Erkence, Saurani, Eşek Zeytini (Tekirdağ), Kan Çelebi, İzmir Sofralık, Çilli, Samsun Yağlık, Domat, Eşek Zeytini (Ödemiş), Saçaklı Otur, Sinop No 4, Memecik, Nizip Yağlık, Tekirdağ Çizmelik and Patos were found to be moderately tolerant cultivars while Edincik, Sinop No 6, Çekişte, Mavi, Kiraz, Kilis Yağlık, Çelebi (İznik), Trabzon Yağlık, Uslu and Girit olive cultivars were grouped as cultivars having low tolerance to frost. In addition, data showed that cold acclimation in the olive is quite important, and exposure to low temperatures for a certain period of time has significantly increased the frost tolerance. However, this condition was not stable and could rapidly become reversed when temperature reached to the point at which adapdation did not ensure.
{"title":"Frost Tolerances of Turkish Olive (Olea europaea L.) Cultivars","authors":"Nurengin Mete, H. Gülen, Öznur Çeti̇n, M. Hakan, Uğur Güloğlu, H. Kaya, Nurcan Uluçay","doi":"10.33462/jotaf.1081561","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.1081561","url":null,"abstract":"The motherland of the olive is considered as east of the Mediterranean Basin. Turkey is partly located within this basin having a rich source of biodiversity. Olive growing in Turkey is carried out in the Aegean, Marmara, Mediterranean, Southeastern Anatolia and Black Sea Regions. Climatic factors determine the cultivation limits of olive which is not very selective in terms of soil demand. In regions where olives are grown, the Mediterranean climate prevails. Winters are warm and rainy in the region, while summers are hot and dry. On the other hand, severe cold damage in some years can cause significant damage especially in the inner parts of Aegean, Marmara and Black Sea Regions. As a matter of fact, it is known that 31.8% of olive plantations in Turkey are exposed to occasional frost damage. This situation has revealed the necessity of determining the varieties with high frost tolerance and determining the suitable varieties for the regions where cold damage may occur. In the study, 40 registered olive cultivars in “Kemalpaşa Olive Germplasm Bank\" in Bornova Olive Research Institute, in İzmir were screened in terms of frost tolerance. To evaluate the frost tolerance (LT50) of cultivars, as estimated by ion leakage (electrical conductivity), leaf samples taken in six different periods over two years were exposed to temperatures at +4 °C (control), -2 °C, -5°C, -8 °C, -11°C, -14 °C, -17 °C and -20 °C. In conclusion; it has been determined that frost tolerance of olive varieties revealed significant variability both genetically and seasonally. Butko, Memeli, Otur, Gemlik, Sinop No 5, Yün Çelebi, Kara Yaprak, Satı and Sarı Ulak were determined as cultivars that were more tolerant of frost. Sinop No 1, Marantelli, Ayvalık, Görvele, Çakır, Samsun Tuzlamalık, Erkence, Saurani, Eşek Zeytini (Tekirdağ), Kan Çelebi, İzmir Sofralık, Çilli, Samsun Yağlık, Domat, Eşek Zeytini (Ödemiş), Saçaklı Otur, Sinop No 4, Memecik, Nizip Yağlık, Tekirdağ Çizmelik and Patos were found to be moderately tolerant cultivars while Edincik, Sinop No 6, Çekişte, Mavi, Kiraz, Kilis Yağlık, Çelebi (İznik), Trabzon Yağlık, Uslu and Girit olive cultivars were grouped as cultivars having low tolerance to frost. In addition, data showed that cold acclimation in the olive is quite important, and exposure to low temperatures for a certain period of time has significantly increased the frost tolerance. However, this condition was not stable and could rapidly become reversed when temperature reached to the point at which adapdation did not ensure.","PeriodicalId":387927,"journal":{"name":"Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127832767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of this study is to add functional food feature to ice cream, which is a popular food, by enriching it with propolis. In addition, another aim of the study is to provide a widespread consumption potential through ice cream to propolis, which cannot be consumed raw and whose benefits and functional properties are unknown to most consumers. A mixture consisting of a total of 6 sample groups containing 0.0%, 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4% and 0.5% propolis powder was prepared for the ice cream mix. Ice cream samples were prepared from these ice cream mixes. Different analyses were executed for propolis, ice cream mix and ice cream samples. While only antioxidant analysis was executed for propolis samples, Dry matter, pH, titration acidity analyzes were executed in ice cream mix samples. Volume increase index, texture analysis, melting rate, antioxidant activity and sensory analyzes in propolis added ice cream samples were carried out on different days during 2 months of storage. According to the findings, while the volume increase of the ice cream samples was not affected by the storage time, the difference between the propolis concentrations was found. It was observed that the first dripping times increased with storage, while the melting rate of the ice cream decreased. There was no significant change in the meltıng rate and first drip times depending on the propolis concentrations. The texture properties of ice cream samples have changed with the addition of propolis. The hardness and stickiness values of ice cream samples changed depending on the storage time. The addition of propolis significantly increased the antioxidant activity. Antioxidant activity was changed with the addition of propolis. The phenolic content and of ice cream did not change with storage, but FRAP value decreased slightly after 60 days of storage. Storage time had a limited effect on the physicochemical and sensory properties of ice cream. Although the addition of propolis negatively affected the physical and sensory properties of ice cream, it contributed significantly to the antioxidant activity even at the lowest concentrations. With this study, the potential of propolis-added ice cream as a functional new food for consumers of all ages has been demonstrated. In line with these results, new studies should be conducted by trying different propolis extracts and different concentrations, by revealing the functionality of propolis and adding it to new other foods.
{"title":"Investigation of The Physicochemical Properties of Propolis Added Ice Creams During Storage","authors":"Serdar Mehmetoğlu, Z. Tarakçı","doi":"10.33462/jotaf.1115182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.1115182","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study is to add functional food feature to ice cream, which is a popular food, by enriching it with propolis. In addition, another aim of the study is to provide a widespread consumption potential through ice cream to propolis, which cannot be consumed raw and whose benefits and functional properties are unknown to most consumers. A mixture consisting of a total of 6 sample groups containing 0.0%, 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4% and 0.5% propolis powder was prepared for the ice cream mix. Ice cream samples were prepared from these ice cream mixes. Different analyses were executed for propolis, ice cream mix and ice cream samples. While only antioxidant analysis was executed for propolis samples, Dry matter, pH, titration acidity analyzes were executed in ice cream mix samples. Volume increase index, texture analysis, melting rate, antioxidant activity and sensory analyzes in propolis added ice cream samples were carried out on different days during 2 months of storage. According to the findings, while the volume increase of the ice cream samples was not affected by the storage time, the difference between the propolis concentrations was found. It was observed that the first dripping times increased with storage, while the melting rate of the ice cream decreased. There was no significant change in the meltıng rate and first drip times depending on the propolis concentrations. The texture properties of ice cream samples have changed with the addition of propolis. The hardness and stickiness values of ice cream samples changed depending on the storage time. The addition of propolis significantly increased the antioxidant activity. Antioxidant activity was changed with the addition of propolis. The phenolic content and of ice cream did not change with storage, but FRAP value decreased slightly after 60 days of storage. Storage time had a limited effect on the physicochemical and sensory properties of ice cream. Although the addition of propolis negatively affected the physical and sensory properties of ice cream, it contributed significantly to the antioxidant activity even at the lowest concentrations. With this study, the potential of propolis-added ice cream as a functional new food for consumers of all ages has been demonstrated. In line with these results, new studies should be conducted by trying different propolis extracts and different concentrations, by revealing the functionality of propolis and adding it to new other foods.","PeriodicalId":387927,"journal":{"name":"Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121631276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. Ramli, D. Devianti, Intan Aryani, Purwana Satrio, Dewi SARTİKA THAMREN2
Erosion and sediment in a basin can be estimated by calculating and forecasting using various methods. This study aims to assess erosion and sedimentation in the Krueng Jreu sub-basin in the province of Aceh, Indonesia, using the Gavrilović method. This research was carried out by analyzing secondary data for the last ten years, from 2012 to 2021. Data include geology, slope, land use, and river channel networks. The observed parameters include the coefficient of intensity of erosion, temperature coefficient, and sedimentation coefficient, which are used to analyze the erosion volume, spatial sediment rate, and total sediment rate in the Krueng Jreu sub-basin area. The results of calculations using the Gavrilović method show that four main parameters of the biophysical characteristics of the sub-basin, including (1) sensitivity of soil and local geological conditions to erosion, (2) land use, (3) erosion type, and (4) slope of land, have been shown to affect the occurrence of erosion and annual sediment rates. Geological conditions and land use provide a high level of sensitivity to the results of the coefficient of intensity of erosion. Temperature and rainfall are directly proportional to the annual erosion volume and the spatial sediment rate. The lowest yearly erosion volume and spatial sediment rate in 2019 were 64965.41 m3km-2year-1 and 58206.18 m3km-2year-1. Meanwhile, the highest annual erosion volume and spatial sediment rate will occur in 2021, 101500.71 m3km-2year-1 and 90940.21 m3km-2year-1. Fluctuations in the annual volume of erosion are caused by rainfall, affecting the spatial sediment rate and the total sediment rate.
{"title":"Estimation of Erosion and Sediment using Gavrilović Method in Krueng Jreu Sub-basin, Aceh Province, Indonesia","authors":"I. Ramli, D. Devianti, Intan Aryani, Purwana Satrio, Dewi SARTİKA THAMREN2","doi":"10.33462/jotaf.1183026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.1183026","url":null,"abstract":"Erosion and sediment in a basin can be estimated by calculating and forecasting using various methods. This study aims to assess erosion and sedimentation in the Krueng Jreu sub-basin in the province of Aceh, Indonesia, using the Gavrilović method. This research was carried out by analyzing secondary data for the last ten years, from 2012 to 2021. Data include geology, slope, land use, and river channel networks. The observed parameters include the coefficient of intensity of erosion, temperature coefficient, and sedimentation coefficient, which are used to analyze the erosion volume, spatial sediment rate, and total sediment rate in the Krueng Jreu sub-basin area. The results of calculations using the Gavrilović method show that four main parameters of the biophysical characteristics of the sub-basin, including (1) sensitivity of soil and local geological conditions to erosion, (2) land use, (3) erosion type, and (4) slope of land, have been shown to affect the occurrence of erosion and annual sediment rates. Geological conditions and land use provide a high level of sensitivity to the results of the coefficient of intensity of erosion. Temperature and rainfall are directly proportional to the annual erosion volume and the spatial sediment rate. The lowest yearly erosion volume and spatial sediment rate in 2019 were 64965.41 m3km-2year-1 and 58206.18 m3km-2year-1. Meanwhile, the highest annual erosion volume and spatial sediment rate will occur in 2021, 101500.71 m3km-2year-1 and 90940.21 m3km-2year-1. Fluctuations in the annual volume of erosion are caused by rainfall, affecting the spatial sediment rate and the total sediment rate.","PeriodicalId":387927,"journal":{"name":"Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134328975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Achieving development in the field of agriculture in a country passes through the development of rural areas. Various plans, programs and policies are being developed for the sustainability of production and solving the problems of those living in rural areas. In recent years, it has been given importance to support development and entrepreneurship in agriculture in Türkiye in order to solve the existing problems. For this purpose, the Young Farmer Project was put into effect with the decision of the Council of Ministers in 2016. With this project, it is aimed to ensure that young farmers stay in the agricultural sector by providing the support they need, and to prevent migration from rural to urban by encouraging their agricultural production and activities. In this research, the application process of the farmers who received support between 2016 and 2017 in Tekirdağ province with the Young Farmer Project, how they carried out the project, what kind of difficulties they faced while carrying out, how they continued it, and where they could carry it was determined. A survey was conducted with 106 young farmers who received support within the scope of the research. 54% of the young farmers participating in the research are woman farmers. The fact that male farmers have existing businesses registered on them that they work in other paid jobs besides farming, positive discrimination against women within the scope of the project has contributed to the increase in the number of female young farmer applicants and winners. 82.1% of the young farmers involved in the project also reside in the rural area before the project, and 13.2% live both in the city center and in the rural areas. The rate of those who started living in rural areas after receiving project support is 4.7%. It has been determined that young farmers who own livestock enterprises do not have an increase in their income levels, and they have difficulty in meeting their borrowing and operating input costs. Young people who receive support within the scope of the Young Farmer Project express the opinion that the project will not encourage agriculture and animal husbandry. For women farmers, the most important contribution of the project is that they have owned businesses for the first time, and for male farmers, they have further expanded their existing businesses.
{"title":"Determination of the Factors Affecting the Level of Benefit from Young Farmer Project Support in Rural Development: Tekirdag Sample, Türkiye","authors":"Deniz SARI GEDİK, E. Yılmaz","doi":"10.33462/jotaf.1165409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.1165409","url":null,"abstract":"Achieving development in the field of agriculture in a country passes through the development of rural areas. Various plans, programs and policies are being developed for the sustainability of production and solving the problems of those living in rural areas. In recent years, it has been given importance to support development and entrepreneurship in agriculture in Türkiye in order to solve the existing problems. For this purpose, the Young Farmer Project was put into effect with the decision of the Council of Ministers in 2016. With this project, it is aimed to ensure that young farmers stay in the agricultural sector by providing the support they need, and to prevent migration from rural to urban by encouraging their agricultural production and activities. In this research, the application process of the farmers who received support between 2016 and 2017 in Tekirdağ province with the Young Farmer Project, how they carried out the project, what kind of difficulties they faced while carrying out, how they continued it, and where they could carry it was determined. A survey was conducted with 106 young farmers who received support within the scope of the research. 54% of the young farmers participating in the research are woman farmers. The fact that male farmers have existing businesses registered on them that they work in other paid jobs besides farming, positive discrimination against women within the scope of the project has contributed to the increase in the number of female young farmer applicants and winners. 82.1% of the young farmers involved in the project also reside in the rural area before the project, and 13.2% live both in the city center and in the rural areas. The rate of those who started living in rural areas after receiving project support is 4.7%. It has been determined that young farmers who own livestock enterprises do not have an increase in their income levels, and they have difficulty in meeting their borrowing and operating input costs. Young people who receive support within the scope of the Young Farmer Project express the opinion that the project will not encourage agriculture and animal husbandry. For women farmers, the most important contribution of the project is that they have owned businesses for the first time, and for male farmers, they have further expanded their existing businesses.","PeriodicalId":387927,"journal":{"name":"Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129862090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Excessive use of nitrogen has become a threat to human health and the environment due to high concentrations of nitrate and nitrite accumulating in surface and ground waters. Biological dinitrogen fixation (N2) is a very important natural process in world agriculture. Rhizobia is a common name for a certain Gram-negative group of Alphaproteobacteria and Betaproteobacteria that can form nodules on the root and fix nitrogen in symbiosis with legumes as their host plants. Azotobacter spp. is a free-living microorganism that has the ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen into the soil. Field trials were carried out of Eskişehir Osmangazi University Field Crops Department experiment areas during the production season of 2017 and 2019. The study was evaluated the effects on morphological and phenologocial characters of two N doses (0 and 25 kg ha-1 N), four bacteria inoculations (control, Rhizobia, Azotobacter, Rhizobia + Azotobacter) on chickpea cultivars (Azkan, Akca, Cakir, Isik). Experiment arranged in split split plot experimental design with three replications. Nitrogen application positively affected number of days to emergence, number of branches, branch diameter and grain yield. Phenological and morphological properties affected by climate conditions. The high temperature caused the number of days to emergence, number of days to flowering and number of days to maturity to be earlier in the second year. Plant height, first pod height and grain yield were higher first year than second year due to high precipitation. While the response of the cultivars was different in terms of phenological properties, Azkan cultivar gave the best results in terms of morphological properties. Rhizobia + Azotobacter inoculation gave the best results in terms of phenological and morphological characteristics except for number of days to maturity. Rhizobia + Azotobacter inoculation can lead to additional income generation of the farming community in Turkey. The use of biofertilizers may reduce the application of chemical fertilizers and we get healthy, pollution-free production for a better future for our increasing populations.
由于在地表水和地下水中积累了高浓度的硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐，过度使用氮已成为对人类健康和环境的威胁。生物固氮是世界农业中一个非常重要的自然过程。根瘤菌(Rhizobia)是一类革兰氏阴性的Alphaproteobacteria和Betaproteobacteria的统称，它们与豆科植物共生，能在根上形成根瘤，固定氮。固氮细菌是一种自由生活的微生物，具有将大气中的氮固定到土壤中的能力。在2017年和2019年的生产季节，在eski ehir Osmangazi大学大田作物系实验区进行了大田试验。以鹰嘴豆品种Azkan、Akca、Cakir、Isik为试验材料，研究了2种N(0和25 kg hm -1 N)剂量、4种细菌(对照、根瘤菌、固氮菌、根瘤菌+固氮菌)接种对鹰嘴豆形态和物候性状的影响。试验采用裂裂小区试验设计，3个重复。施氮对出苗期、枝数、枝径和籽粒产量均有显著的正向影响。气候条件对物候和形态特性的影响。高温使第二年的出苗期、花期和成熟期提前。由于降水较多，第一年株高、首荚高和籽粒产量均高于第二年。不同品种在物候性状上的响应效果不同，但形态性状上的响应效果最好。除成熟天数外，根瘤菌+固氮菌接种在物候和形态特征方面效果最好。根瘤菌+固氮菌接种可为土耳其农业社区带来额外收入。使用生物肥料可以减少化学肥料的使用，我们可以得到健康、无污染的生产，为我们不断增长的人口创造更美好的未来。
{"title":"Phenological and Morphological Response of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Rhizobia and Azotobacter Inoculation","authors":"Engin Takil, N. Kayan","doi":"10.33462/jotaf.1008204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.1008204","url":null,"abstract":"Excessive use of nitrogen has become a threat to human health and the environment due to high concentrations of nitrate and nitrite accumulating in surface and ground waters. Biological dinitrogen fixation (N2) is a very important natural process in world agriculture. Rhizobia is a common name for a certain Gram-negative group of Alphaproteobacteria and Betaproteobacteria that can form nodules on the root and fix nitrogen in symbiosis with legumes as their host plants. Azotobacter spp. is a free-living microorganism that has the ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen into the soil. Field trials were carried out of Eskişehir Osmangazi University Field Crops Department experiment areas during the production season of 2017 and 2019. The study was evaluated the effects on morphological and phenologocial characters of two N doses (0 and 25 kg ha-1 N), four bacteria inoculations (control, Rhizobia, Azotobacter, Rhizobia + Azotobacter) on chickpea cultivars (Azkan, Akca, Cakir, Isik). Experiment arranged in split split plot experimental design with three replications. Nitrogen application positively affected number of days to emergence, number of branches, branch diameter and grain yield. Phenological and morphological properties affected by climate conditions. The high temperature caused the number of days to emergence, number of days to flowering and number of days to maturity to be earlier in the second year. Plant height, first pod height and grain yield were higher first year than second year due to high precipitation. While the response of the cultivars was different in terms of phenological properties, Azkan cultivar gave the best results in terms of morphological properties. Rhizobia + Azotobacter inoculation gave the best results in terms of phenological and morphological characteristics except for number of days to maturity. Rhizobia + Azotobacter inoculation can lead to additional income generation of the farming community in Turkey. The use of biofertilizers may reduce the application of chemical fertilizers and we get healthy, pollution-free production for a better future for our increasing populations.","PeriodicalId":387927,"journal":{"name":"Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130252233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of the research is to determine the macro (Ca, Mg, P and K), micro (Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn and Be) element and heavy metal (Al, Cr, Ni, Se and Cd) contents of some Astragalus taxa collected from nature. Nine Astragalus taxa (Astragalus gummifer, A. compactus, A. lineatus var. longidens, A. aureus, A. onobrychis, A. declinatus, A. lineatus var. lineatus, A. oocephalus subsp. stachyophorus, A. inereus) collected from the natural areas of Bingöl province were used as the plant material of the research. Astragalus taxa were collected from the central villages of Bingöl province in June 2018, during the flowering period of the plants. Macro, micro element and heavy metal contents of the collected and dried plant samples were determined with the help of NIRS (Near Infrared Spectroscopy) and ICP-MS (Inductively Coupled Plasma - Mass Spectometry) devices. As a result of the analysis, the average Ca content of Astragalus taxa was determined as % 1.63, Mg content % 0.36, P content % 0.27, K content % 1.49, Fe content 2436 mg kg-1, Mn content 153.7 mg kg-1, Cu content 84.5 mg kg-1, Zn content 14.08 mg kg-1, Be content 0.10 mg kg-1, Al content 2535 mg kg-1, Cr content 7.67 mg kg-1, Ni content 9.99 mg kg-1 and Se content 2.19 mg kg-1. In general, the highest Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Al, Cr and Ni contents were determined in A. declinatus, the highest P and K contents were determined in A. oocephalus subsp. stachyophorus, the highest Cu content was determined in A. cinearus, the highest Zn content was determined in A. lineatus var. longidens, the highest content Be was determined in A. gummifer and the highest Se content was determined in A. compactus. Cd content could not be detected in any Astragalus taxa. As a result of the study, it was concluded that Astragalus taxa, which are abundant in the natural flora of our country, can be used as a source of roughage in animal nutrition and can meet the macro and micro element needs of animals.
{"title":"Determination of Macro, Micro Element and Heavy Metal Contents of Astragalus Taxa Collected from Nature","authors":"E. Çaçan, Ömer Kılıç, K. Kökten","doi":"10.33462/jotaf.1095631","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.1095631","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the research is to determine the macro (Ca, Mg, P and K), micro (Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn and Be) element and heavy metal (Al, Cr, Ni, Se and Cd) contents of some Astragalus taxa collected from nature. Nine Astragalus taxa (Astragalus gummifer, A. compactus, A. lineatus var. longidens, A. aureus, A. onobrychis, A. declinatus, A. lineatus var. lineatus, A. oocephalus subsp. stachyophorus, A. inereus) collected from the natural areas of Bingöl province were used as the plant material of the research. Astragalus taxa were collected from the central villages of Bingöl province in June 2018, during the flowering period of the plants. Macro, micro element and heavy metal contents of the collected and dried plant samples were determined with the help of NIRS (Near Infrared Spectroscopy) and ICP-MS (Inductively Coupled Plasma - Mass Spectometry) devices. As a result of the analysis, the average Ca content of Astragalus taxa was determined as % 1.63, Mg content % 0.36, P content % 0.27, K content % 1.49, Fe content 2436 mg kg-1, Mn content 153.7 mg kg-1, Cu content 84.5 mg kg-1, Zn content 14.08 mg kg-1, Be content 0.10 mg kg-1, Al content 2535 mg kg-1, Cr content 7.67 mg kg-1, Ni content 9.99 mg kg-1 and Se content 2.19 mg kg-1. In general, the highest Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Al, Cr and Ni contents were determined in A. declinatus, the highest P and K contents were determined in A. oocephalus subsp. stachyophorus, the highest Cu content was determined in A. cinearus, the highest Zn content was determined in A. lineatus var. longidens, the highest content Be was determined in A. gummifer and the highest Se content was determined in A. compactus. Cd content could not be detected in any Astragalus taxa. As a result of the study, it was concluded that Astragalus taxa, which are abundant in the natural flora of our country, can be used as a source of roughage in animal nutrition and can meet the macro and micro element needs of animals.","PeriodicalId":387927,"journal":{"name":"Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128177684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Spraying humic acid on a growing plant cauliflower enhances chlorophyll and carotene levels in the leaves; its crucial role in protecting plants from salt stress, water stress, and heavy metals, and its many other advantages in saline soils. The research study was carried out in one of the agricultural fields in the Muqdadiyah area, Haruniyah area, 21km, using a randomized complete block design (RCBD) and a normal factorial experiment during the agricultural season 2019-2020. It was located 40 kilometers North-East of Diyala governorate, Baquba district. This study aimed to determine how adding anti-saline and spraying humic acid affects the yield parameters of Nahar cauliflower. The results demonstrated that the addition of anti-saline when treated with N2 was superior in the majority of the studied traits, including: (head weight, head diameter, percentage of dry matter in the heads, total yield, and total plant weight without the heads). Sequentially, the results demonstrated (4349 g, 26.39 mm, 15.79 %, 13.39 mcg ha-1, 1.971 kg plant-1) superiority over the control treatment. The majority of the analyzed parameters, including (head weight, head diameter, percentage of dry matter in heads, total yield, and total plant weight without heads) (3584 g, 26.52 mm, 16.80 percent, 15.15 tons H-1, 2.182 kg plant-1), were superior to the control treatment (3584 g, 26.52 mm, 16.80 percent, 15.15 tons H-1, 2.182 kg plant-1). The N2H2 treatment was found to be higher in most of the analyzed parameters, including (head weight, head diameter, percentage of dry matter in the heads, total yield, and total plant weight without the heads), which were (4684 g, 29.80 mm, 19.33 percent, 15.47 tons h-1, 3.224 kg plant-1) respectively compared to the control.
在生长中的植物花椰菜上喷洒腐植酸可以提高叶片中的叶绿素和胡萝卜素水平;它在保护植物免受盐胁迫、水分胁迫和重金属胁迫方面起着至关重要的作用，并且在盐碱地中具有许多其他优点。研究采用随机完全区设计(RCBD)和正因子试验，于2019-2020年农季在Haruniyah地区Muqdadiyah地区21km的一个农田进行。它位于迪亚拉省东北40公里的巴古拜区。本试验旨在研究添加抗盐剂和喷施腐植酸对Nahar花椰菜产量参数的影响。结果表明，在N2处理下，抗生理盐水的添加在大部分性状上均优于其他处理，包括(穗重、穗径、穗干物质百分比、总产量和去穗总重)。结果依次显示，与对照处理相比(4349 g, 26.39 mm, 15.79%， 13.39 mcg ha-1, 1.971 kg plant-1)优势明显。大部分分析参数(穗重、穗径、穗干物质百分比、总产量、去穗总重)(3584 g、26.52 mm、16.80%、15.15 t H-1、2.182 kg株-1)均优于对照处理(3584 g、26.52 mm、16.80%、15.15 t H-1、2.182 kg株-1)。N2H2处理在穗重、穗径、穗干物质百分比、总产量和去穗总重等指标上均高于对照，分别为4684 g、29.80 mm、19.33%、15.47 t h-1、3.224 kg株-1。
{"title":"Effects of Adding Anti-saline and Humic Acid Foliar Spraying on Yield Parameters of Cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. Botrytis)","authors":"Wale Hassan, Basem Bader","doi":"10.33462/jotaf.1112094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.1112094","url":null,"abstract":"Spraying humic acid on a growing plant cauliflower enhances chlorophyll and carotene levels in the leaves; its crucial role in protecting plants from salt stress, water stress, and heavy metals, and its many other advantages in saline soils. The research study was carried out in one of the agricultural fields in the Muqdadiyah area, Haruniyah area, 21km, using a randomized complete block design (RCBD) and a normal factorial experiment during the agricultural season 2019-2020. It was located 40 kilometers North-East of Diyala governorate, Baquba district. This study aimed to determine how adding anti-saline and spraying humic acid affects the yield parameters of Nahar cauliflower. The results demonstrated that the addition of anti-saline when treated with N2 was superior in the majority of the studied traits, including: (head weight, head diameter, percentage of dry matter in the heads, total yield, and total plant weight without the heads). Sequentially, the results demonstrated (4349 g, 26.39 mm, 15.79 %, 13.39 mcg ha-1, 1.971 kg plant-1) superiority over the control treatment. The majority of the analyzed parameters, including (head weight, head diameter, percentage of dry matter in heads, total yield, and total plant weight without heads) (3584 g, 26.52 mm, 16.80 percent, 15.15 tons H-1, 2.182 kg plant-1), were superior to the control treatment (3584 g, 26.52 mm, 16.80 percent, 15.15 tons H-1, 2.182 kg plant-1). The N2H2 treatment was found to be higher in most of the analyzed parameters, including (head weight, head diameter, percentage of dry matter in the heads, total yield, and total plant weight without the heads), which were (4684 g, 29.80 mm, 19.33 percent, 15.47 tons h-1, 3.224 kg plant-1) respectively compared to the control.","PeriodicalId":387927,"journal":{"name":"Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128216106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Çalışmada Türkiye’nin Isparta ve Burdur illerinden izole edilen on iki Fusarium culmorum (W. G. Sm.) Sacc. izolatı ile Pratylenchus thornei (Sher and Allen),1953 etkileşimi İkizce buğday çeşidinde kontrollü koşullar altında (25±2°C ve %60±5 nem) araştırılmıştır. Buğdaylarda ilk kardeş yapraklar oluştuktan sonra deneme kurulmuş ve 4 uygulamada denemeler yapılmıştır. Uygulamalar; sadece P. thornei uygulaması (N), sadece F. culmorum uygulaması (FCUL), eş zamanlı P. thornei ve F. culmorum uygulaması (N+FCUL) ve P. thornei uygulamasından 2 hafta sonra F. culmorum uygulaması (N+2FCUL) olarak yapılmıştır. Fusarium culmorum izolatlarının inokulasyonunda her saksıya %50 oranında seyreltilmiş kültür filtratı konsantrasyonundan 5 ml, P. thornei popülasyonu için ise 1000 larva+ergin birey inokulum yoğunluğu kullanılmıştır. Değerlendirme işlemi buğdayda hastalık şiddeti ve nematod üreme oranı üzerinden denemenin kurulumundan 8 hafta sonra gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmada N+FCUL ve N+2FCUL uygulamalarına bakıldığında P. thornei’nin sadece F. culmorum’un YLVC16 izolatında hastalık şiddetinin artışına katkısının olduğu görülmüştür. YLVC16 izolatında hastalık şiddeti skala değeri FCUL uygulamasında 2.4 belirlenirken, N+FCUL ve N+2FCUL uygulamalarında sırasıyla 3.4 ve 3.6 tespit edilmiştir. Pratylenchus thornei üreme oranı N uygulamasında 2.5 bulunmuştur. Fusarium culmorum’un YLVC16, T21 ve K17 izolatları ile kurulan denemelerinde P. thornei üreme oranı N+FCUL uygulamasında sırasıyla 3.1, 3.0 ve 3.3 tespit edilirken, N+2FCUL uygulamasında 3.1, 3.2 ve 3.4 saptanmıştır. Ancak P. thornei üreme oranı açısından YLVC16, T21 ve K17 izolatları ile kurulan denemelerde N+FCUL ve N+2FCUL uygulamaları arasında önemli bir farklılık belirlenememiştir. Çalışmada 12 F. culmorum izolatı içerisinden sadece üç tanesinin (YLVC16, T21 ve K17) P. thornei üreme oranına pozitif katkısı belirlenirken, P. thornei’nin ise sadece bir F. culmorum izolatının (YLVC16) hastalık şiddetine katkısının olduğu belirlenmiştir.
{"title":"Buğdayda Farklı Fusarium culmorum İzolatları ile Pratylenchus thornei Etkileşimi","authors":"Fatma Gül GÖZE ÖZDEMİR, Ş. Arici, İ. Elekci̇oğlu","doi":"10.33462/jotaf.1017523","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.1017523","url":null,"abstract":"Çalışmada Türkiye’nin Isparta ve Burdur illerinden izole edilen on iki Fusarium culmorum (W. G. Sm.) Sacc. izolatı ile Pratylenchus thornei (Sher and Allen),1953 etkileşimi İkizce buğday çeşidinde kontrollü koşullar altında (25±2°C ve %60±5 nem) araştırılmıştır. Buğdaylarda ilk kardeş yapraklar oluştuktan sonra deneme kurulmuş ve 4 uygulamada denemeler yapılmıştır. Uygulamalar; sadece P. thornei uygulaması (N), sadece F. culmorum uygulaması (FCUL), eş zamanlı P. thornei ve F. culmorum uygulaması (N+FCUL) ve P. thornei uygulamasından 2 hafta sonra F. culmorum uygulaması (N+2FCUL) olarak yapılmıştır. Fusarium culmorum izolatlarının inokulasyonunda her saksıya %50 oranında seyreltilmiş kültür filtratı konsantrasyonundan 5 ml, P. thornei popülasyonu için ise 1000 larva+ergin birey inokulum yoğunluğu kullanılmıştır. Değerlendirme işlemi buğdayda hastalık şiddeti ve nematod üreme oranı üzerinden denemenin kurulumundan 8 hafta sonra gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmada N+FCUL ve N+2FCUL uygulamalarına bakıldığında P. thornei’nin sadece F. culmorum’un YLVC16 izolatında hastalık şiddetinin artışına katkısının olduğu görülmüştür. YLVC16 izolatında hastalık şiddeti skala değeri FCUL uygulamasında 2.4 belirlenirken, N+FCUL ve N+2FCUL uygulamalarında sırasıyla 3.4 ve 3.6 tespit edilmiştir. Pratylenchus thornei üreme oranı N uygulamasında 2.5 bulunmuştur. Fusarium culmorum’un YLVC16, T21 ve K17 izolatları ile kurulan denemelerinde P. thornei üreme oranı N+FCUL uygulamasında sırasıyla 3.1, 3.0 ve 3.3 tespit edilirken, N+2FCUL uygulamasında 3.1, 3.2 ve 3.4 saptanmıştır. Ancak P. thornei üreme oranı açısından YLVC16, T21 ve K17 izolatları ile kurulan denemelerde N+FCUL ve N+2FCUL uygulamaları arasında önemli bir farklılık belirlenememiştir. Çalışmada 12 F. culmorum izolatı içerisinden sadece üç tanesinin (YLVC16, T21 ve K17) P. thornei üreme oranına pozitif katkısı belirlenirken, P. thornei’nin ise sadece bir F. culmorum izolatının (YLVC16) hastalık şiddetine katkısının olduğu belirlenmiştir.","PeriodicalId":387927,"journal":{"name":"Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116747604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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