The world’s population has been growing rapidly and since the 2006–2008 global food crisis, it has been questioned many times that how the world’s growing population will be fed properly. According to reputable international institutions, the world may be insufficient to supply enough food in the near future, and this fact may cause many economic, social, and government problems. In Türkiye, these problems will be realized more harshly than in peer countries for some reasons. Türkiye has one of the highest population growth rates in the world, while it hosts the highest number of refugees in the world. In addition, Türkiye’s agriculture sector has been experiencing a harsh downfall recently and the country has been dependent on importing food and agricultural commodities. Therefore, in this paper, I investigate the connectedness and networks of agricultural production in Türkiye by using the connectedness approach of Diebold and Yilmaz (2012, 2014), which is based on the forecast error variance decomposition methodology of generalized vector autoregressive models. I use Türkiye’s most produced agricultural commodity data, which are barley, wheat, rye, paddy, lentil, chickpea, and oat. The material consists of annual production data from 1938 to 2019. According to the analysis results, Türkiye’s agricultural production has been highly connected. Our findings show that production shocks arising from wheat and barley have spilled over to other commodities. Agricultural production networks and pairwise spillovers also exhibit a similar result that most of the commodities are highly interconnected to wheat and barley production. Besides, pairwise connectedness results show that there are some strong and weak connectivity relations, and these can be used for the decision-making process, risk aversion, and risk-seeking purposes. Our findings have important implications for policymaking for institutions, diversification, and risk management for producers, suppliers, and traders.
{"title":"Agricultural Production Connectedness and Networks in Türkiye","authors":"Türker Açikgöz","doi":"10.33462/jotaf.1166050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.1166050","url":null,"abstract":"The world’s population has been growing rapidly and since the 2006–2008 global food crisis, it has been questioned many times that how the world’s growing population will be fed properly. According to reputable international institutions, the world may be insufficient to supply enough food in the near future, and this fact may cause many economic, social, and government problems. In Türkiye, these problems will be realized more harshly than in peer countries for some reasons. Türkiye has one of the highest population growth rates in the world, while it hosts the highest number of refugees in the world. In addition, Türkiye’s agriculture sector has been experiencing a harsh downfall recently and the country has been dependent on importing food and agricultural commodities. Therefore, in this paper, I investigate the connectedness and networks of agricultural production in Türkiye by using the connectedness approach of Diebold and Yilmaz (2012, 2014), which is based on the forecast error variance decomposition methodology of generalized vector autoregressive models. I use Türkiye’s most produced agricultural commodity data, which are barley, wheat, rye, paddy, lentil, chickpea, and oat. The material consists of annual production data from 1938 to 2019. According to the analysis results, Türkiye’s agricultural production has been highly connected. Our findings show that production shocks arising from wheat and barley have spilled over to other commodities. Agricultural production networks and pairwise spillovers also exhibit a similar result that most of the commodities are highly interconnected to wheat and barley production. Besides, pairwise connectedness results show that there are some strong and weak connectivity relations, and these can be used for the decision-making process, risk aversion, and risk-seeking purposes. Our findings have important implications for policymaking for institutions, diversification, and risk management for producers, suppliers, and traders.","PeriodicalId":387927,"journal":{"name":"Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139351941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kurutma süresini kısaltmak, ürün kalite özelliklerini iyileştirmek için ozmotik dehidrasyon ön işlemi ile birlikte birçok kurutma tekniği beraber kullanılmış olup, ozmotik kurutma ile mikrodalga kurutmanın birlikte kullanılması da bu yöntemlerden biridir. Ozmotik dehidrasyon ve mikrodalga kurutma işleminin birlikte kullanılarak kurutma yapılması mikrodalga kurutmanın olumsuz etkilerinin azaltılmasına yardımcı olur. Bu çalışmada, limon halkaların ozmotik dehidrasyon ön kurutma işlemi uygulanmasından sonra mikrodalga fırında kurutma koşullarının optimum seviyeleri Yanıt Yüzey Yöntemi ile belirlenmiştir. Yanıt Yüzey Yöntemin de kurutma parametreleri olarak ozmotik dehidrasyon süresi, çözelti derişimi, mikrodalga kurutma süresi ve mikrodalga gücü seçilmiştir. Optimize edilecek yanıtlar ise nem kaybı, çapsal büzülme oranı ve b renk değeri değişimi olarak belirlenmiştir. Dört faktör üç seviye için Box-Behnken tasarımına göre belirlenen 29 deney yapılmış ve yanıtlar alınmıştır. Dört faktörlü üç seviyeli Box-Benchken deneysel tasarım yöntemi, A ozmotik dehidrasyon süresi (60-180 dk), B çözelti derişimi (% 10-20 (w:v)), C mikrodalga kurutucuda kurutma süresi (2-6 dk) ve D mikrodalga güç seviyesi (100-300 W) aralığında uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen veriler ANOVA ile analiz edilmiş ve en yüksek R2 değerlerini veren nem kaybı için 0,9853, çapsal büzülme oranı için 0,9861 ve b renk değeri değişimi için 0,9770 ile kuadratik modellerin uygun olduğu belirlenmiştir. Nem kaybı üzerine C, D, CD, A², C² ve D² değişkenleri, çapsal büzülme oranı üzerine A, C, D, D² değişkenleri ve b renk değeri değişimi üzerine ise A, C, D, A² değişkenlerinin etkisinin önemli olduğu görülmüştür. Kurutma parametrelerinin optimum değişken seviyelerinden olan ozmotik dehidrasyon süresi 120 dk, çözelti derişimi %15, mikrodalga kurutma süresi 4 dk ve mikrodalga güç seviyesi 200 W olarak bulunmuştur.
{"title":"Optimizing Drying Conditions of Lemon Rings Combined with Microwave Drying and Osmotic Dehydration","authors":"Zehra Yildiz, Süleyman Reyhan","doi":"10.33462/jotaf.1222365","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.1222365","url":null,"abstract":"Kurutma süresini kısaltmak, ürün kalite özelliklerini iyileştirmek için ozmotik dehidrasyon ön işlemi ile birlikte birçok kurutma tekniği beraber kullanılmış olup, ozmotik kurutma ile mikrodalga kurutmanın birlikte kullanılması da bu yöntemlerden biridir. Ozmotik dehidrasyon ve mikrodalga kurutma işleminin birlikte kullanılarak kurutma yapılması mikrodalga kurutmanın olumsuz etkilerinin azaltılmasına yardımcı olur. Bu çalışmada, limon halkaların ozmotik dehidrasyon ön kurutma işlemi uygulanmasından sonra mikrodalga fırında kurutma koşullarının optimum seviyeleri Yanıt Yüzey Yöntemi ile belirlenmiştir. Yanıt Yüzey Yöntemin de kurutma parametreleri olarak ozmotik dehidrasyon süresi, çözelti derişimi, mikrodalga kurutma süresi ve mikrodalga gücü seçilmiştir. Optimize edilecek yanıtlar ise nem kaybı, çapsal büzülme oranı ve b renk değeri değişimi olarak belirlenmiştir. Dört faktör üç seviye için Box-Behnken tasarımına göre belirlenen 29 deney yapılmış ve yanıtlar alınmıştır. Dört faktörlü üç seviyeli Box-Benchken deneysel tasarım yöntemi, A ozmotik dehidrasyon süresi (60-180 dk), B çözelti derişimi (% 10-20 (w:v)), C mikrodalga kurutucuda kurutma süresi (2-6 dk) ve D mikrodalga güç seviyesi (100-300 W) aralığında uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen veriler ANOVA ile analiz edilmiş ve en yüksek R2 değerlerini veren nem kaybı için 0,9853, çapsal büzülme oranı için 0,9861 ve b renk değeri değişimi için 0,9770 ile kuadratik modellerin uygun olduğu belirlenmiştir. Nem kaybı üzerine C, D, CD, A², C² ve D² değişkenleri, çapsal büzülme oranı üzerine A, C, D, D² değişkenleri ve b renk değeri değişimi üzerine ise A, C, D, A² değişkenlerinin etkisinin önemli olduğu görülmüştür. Kurutma parametrelerinin optimum değişken seviyelerinden olan ozmotik dehidrasyon süresi 120 dk, çözelti derişimi %15, mikrodalga kurutma süresi 4 dk ve mikrodalga güç seviyesi 200 W olarak bulunmuştur.","PeriodicalId":387927,"journal":{"name":"Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139352782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study was conducted to identify and evaluate some of the fertility characteristics of soils in stream beds in Şebinkarahisar district of the Giresun province of Türkiye, which has a transitional climate between semi-arid and humid climate zones. To this end, a total of 48 soil samples, surface (0-30 cm) and subsurface (30-60/61/62/65 cm), were collected from 24 different sampling points on various stream beds. The textures of the surface and subsurface soils taken were determined as CL, SL, SCL, L, C, and LS. pH values of surface soils ranged from 5.84 to 7.98, and the pH values of subsurface soils ranged from 6.06 to 8.05. Lime contents of the soils without salinity problem ranged from 0.00% to 38.30% for surface soils, and from 0.00% to 37.90% for subsurface soils. Organic matter contents varied between 0.32% and 4.16% for surface soils, and between 0.14% and 2.16% for subsurface soils. While the soils were poor in total nitrogen, phosphorus, zinc and manganese, it was determined that the calcium and copper contents were at sufficient levels. Although deficiencies were detected in some soils for potassium, magnesium and iron, they were generally determined to be at sufficient levels. To deal with deficiencies of macro and micro plant nutrients, including deficiency of organic matter, a fertilization planning is recommended that includes barnyard manure, poultry manure, green manure, compost, vermicompost, and various organic fertilizers containing macro and micro elements. Within the scope of the research, climate classifications were also made according to Thornthwaite, De Martonne-Gottman and Erinç methods by had used 48 years (1965-2012) climate data of Şebinkarahisar district. Plant species and varieties to be grown in the study area should be selected from among those suitable to the transitional climate conditions prevailing in the region. It will also be useful to analyze the stream waters in the areas where soil sampling is done.
{"title":"Geçiş İklimi Koşulları Altında Farklı Akarsu Yataklarında Yer Alan Toprakların Verimlilik Özellikleri","authors":"Bahadır Atmaca","doi":"10.33462/jotaf.1226958","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.1226958","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted to identify and evaluate some of the fertility characteristics of soils in stream beds in Şebinkarahisar district of the Giresun province of Türkiye, which has a transitional climate between semi-arid and humid climate zones. To this end, a total of 48 soil samples, surface (0-30 cm) and subsurface (30-60/61/62/65 cm), were collected from 24 different sampling points on various stream beds. The textures of the surface and subsurface soils taken were determined as CL, SL, SCL, L, C, and LS. pH values of surface soils ranged from 5.84 to 7.98, and the pH values of subsurface soils ranged from 6.06 to 8.05. Lime contents of the soils without salinity problem ranged from 0.00% to 38.30% for surface soils, and from 0.00% to 37.90% for subsurface soils. Organic matter contents varied between 0.32% and 4.16% for surface soils, and between 0.14% and 2.16% for subsurface soils. While the soils were poor in total nitrogen, phosphorus, zinc and manganese, it was determined that the calcium and copper contents were at sufficient levels. Although deficiencies were detected in some soils for potassium, magnesium and iron, they were generally determined to be at sufficient levels. To deal with deficiencies of macro and micro plant nutrients, including deficiency of organic matter, a fertilization planning is recommended that includes barnyard manure, poultry manure, green manure, compost, vermicompost, and various organic fertilizers containing macro and micro elements. Within the scope of the research, climate classifications were also made according to Thornthwaite, De Martonne-Gottman and Erinç methods by had used 48 years (1965-2012) climate data of Şebinkarahisar district. Plant species and varieties to be grown in the study area should be selected from among those suitable to the transitional climate conditions prevailing in the region. It will also be useful to analyze the stream waters in the areas where soil sampling is done.","PeriodicalId":387927,"journal":{"name":"Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139352744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Salih Özdemi̇r, Halil İbrahim Bi̇ni̇ci̇, Cihat Özdemi̇r
This study aims to increase the functionality of plain kefir by adding citrus fruits. Dry matter ratios of kefir samples ranged from 11.04 % to 11.75 %. The addition of fruit to kefir reduced the milk-fat ratios. The pH values of kefir samples ranged from 3.37 to 4.08 depending on fruit concentration. pH values also ranged from 3.37 to 4.08 depending on fruit concentration. Kefir samples containing grapefruit (37.5 %) had the lowest pH value (3.37) among the kefir samples. The viscosity of kefir samples at 20 rpm and 50 rpm at sliding speed ranged from 0.42 Pa.s to 2.88 Pa.s and from 0.31 to 1.60 Pa.s, respectively. The addition of fruit to plain kefir was reduced its viscosity. DPPH* of samples was between 1.21 and 38.93 % DPPH of samples with citrus fruit were statistically (p
{"title":"Farklı Oranlarda Turunçgil İlave Edilen Kefirin Fiziksel, Kimyasal, Duyusal ve Organik Madde Profili","authors":"Salih Özdemi̇r, Halil İbrahim Bi̇ni̇ci̇, Cihat Özdemi̇r","doi":"10.33462/jotaf.1225120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.1225120","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to increase the functionality of plain kefir by adding citrus fruits. Dry matter ratios of kefir samples ranged from 11.04 % to 11.75 %. The addition of fruit to kefir reduced the milk-fat ratios. The pH values of kefir samples ranged from 3.37 to 4.08 depending on fruit concentration. pH values also ranged from 3.37 to 4.08 depending on fruit concentration. Kefir samples containing grapefruit (37.5 %) had the lowest pH value (3.37) among the kefir samples. The viscosity of kefir samples at 20 rpm and 50 rpm at sliding speed ranged from 0.42 Pa.s to 2.88 Pa.s and from 0.31 to 1.60 Pa.s, respectively. The addition of fruit to plain kefir was reduced its viscosity. DPPH* of samples was between 1.21 and 38.93 % DPPH of samples with citrus fruit were statistically (p","PeriodicalId":387927,"journal":{"name":"Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139370419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Industrial activities have been one of the biggest factors of environmental destruction by affecting natural resources for decades. Heavy metals, which are one of the greatest dangers especially for the biosphere, can be found in industrial waste. Heavy metals that enter agricultural areas through industrial wastewater cause heavy metals to accumulate in the soil after a certain period. These accumulated heavy metals become an important environmental problem, threatening the life of living beings due to their toxic properties. In soils contaminated with wastewater containing heavy metals, microorganism populations are severely damaged in terms of both number and diversity. This heavy metal accumulation in water and soil has become a global health threat. Alternative processes are needed in the fight against heavy metal pollution. Bioremediation activity, defined as the removal process of environmental pollutants through microorganisms and plants, has gained significant importance in recent years. In our study, the tolerance potentials of Bacillus species isolated from the rhizosphere of Dactylorhiza urvilleana (Steudel) Bauman in the Ovit plateau of Rize province to metals (such as copper, lead, zinc, iron and silver) were investigated. In addition, plant growth promoting Indole Acetic Acid (IAA) production, phosphate dissolution, and ACC (1-Aminocyclopropane-1-Carboxylic acid) deaminase production were determined. It was determined that the isolated Bacillus species had a wide pH growth range and some Bacillus species were salt tolerant. The results showed that Bacillus species have bioremediation potential and plant growth promoting properties. It is thought that the bacteria isolated from the study can be used to make areas with heavy metal pollution suitable for plant cultivation and act as plant growth promoters in these areas. These bacteria strains are planned to be used as cheaper and more effective methods in studies in agriculture or areas with heavy metal pollution.
{"title":"Determination of Bioremediation Potentials and Plant Growth-Promoting Properties of Bacillus Species Isolated from The Rhizosphere of Dactylorhiza urvilleana","authors":"Ülkü Zeynep ÜREYEN ESERTAŞ, A. Bozdeveci, Emel Uzunali̇oğlu, Şengül Alpay Karaoğlu","doi":"10.33462/jotaf.1244111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.1244111","url":null,"abstract":"Industrial activities have been one of the biggest factors of environmental destruction by affecting natural resources for decades. Heavy metals, which are one of the greatest dangers especially for the biosphere, can be found in industrial waste. Heavy metals that enter agricultural areas through industrial wastewater cause heavy metals to accumulate in the soil after a certain period. These accumulated heavy metals become an important environmental problem, threatening the life of living beings due to their toxic properties. In soils contaminated with wastewater containing heavy metals, microorganism populations are severely damaged in terms of both number and diversity. This heavy metal accumulation in water and soil has become a global health threat. Alternative processes are needed in the fight against heavy metal pollution. Bioremediation activity, defined as the removal process of environmental pollutants through microorganisms and plants, has gained significant importance in recent years. In our study, the tolerance potentials of Bacillus species isolated from the rhizosphere of Dactylorhiza urvilleana (Steudel) Bauman in the Ovit plateau of Rize province to metals (such as copper, lead, zinc, iron and silver) were investigated. In addition, plant growth promoting Indole Acetic Acid (IAA) production, phosphate dissolution, and ACC (1-Aminocyclopropane-1-Carboxylic acid) deaminase production were determined. It was determined that the isolated Bacillus species had a wide pH growth range and some Bacillus species were salt tolerant. The results showed that Bacillus species have bioremediation potential and plant growth promoting properties. It is thought that the bacteria isolated from the study can be used to make areas with heavy metal pollution suitable for plant cultivation and act as plant growth promoters in these areas. These bacteria strains are planned to be used as cheaper and more effective methods in studies in agriculture or areas with heavy metal pollution.","PeriodicalId":387927,"journal":{"name":"Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139370676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Thrips tabaci Lindeman (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) is one of the most common and devastating onion pests which is capable of causing substantial harm to onion crops. Synthetic pesticides are mainly used to control onion thrips. T. tabaci requires alternative, low-impact control measures since there are numerous difficulties with utilizing chemical pesticides, including pesticide resistance. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the nanomaterial compounds on adults and nymphs of the T. tabaci in vivo and study their physiological changes caused by pesticides. The findings demonstrate that using nanomaterials, such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and frankincense nanoparticles (FNPs), significantly impacts the number of onion thrips. It also has the potential to lower the risk of pesticide resistance. According to the preliminary results, using carbon nanotubes (CNTs) considerably increased the mortality rate of adults and nymphs of T. tabaci and decreased egg-hatching success. Carbon nanotube (CNTs) and frankincense nanoparticles showed a high death rate in adult and nymphal stages at a concentration of 0.05 percent. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) demonstrated exceptional mortality rates in adult and nymphal stages, with 90 and 50 percent at 5 mg/mL concentrations. Frankincense nanoparticles (FNPs) treatment demonstrated a high adult mortality rate of around 60 percent compared to the control treatment. Eggs of onion thrips showed different hatching success rates after treatment with CNTs and FNPs. The egg hatch rate did not exceed 40 percent of hatched eggs in the CNTs treatment compared to 90 percent in the control treatment. On the other hand, number of laid eggs per female did not differ significantly, indicating that none of the treatments affected the fecundity of the females. The ability of thrips to develop resistance to CNTs and frankincense compounds requires additional investigation. These natural products could be a suitable alternative to control destructive pests like onion thrips.
{"title":"Carbon Nanotubes (CNTS) and Frankincense Nanoparticles as Promising Insecticides to Control Onion Thrips","authors":"Abdulla Ali̇, Sahar Jawad, Akram Mohammed","doi":"10.33462/jotaf.1159098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.1159098","url":null,"abstract":"Thrips tabaci Lindeman (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) is one of the most common and devastating onion pests which is capable of causing substantial harm to onion crops. Synthetic pesticides are mainly used to control onion thrips. T. tabaci requires alternative, low-impact control measures since there are numerous difficulties with utilizing chemical pesticides, including pesticide resistance. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the nanomaterial compounds on adults and nymphs of the T. tabaci in vivo and study their physiological changes caused by pesticides. The findings demonstrate that using nanomaterials, such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and frankincense nanoparticles (FNPs), significantly impacts the number of onion thrips. It also has the potential to lower the risk of pesticide resistance. According to the preliminary results, using carbon nanotubes (CNTs) considerably increased the mortality rate of adults and nymphs of T. tabaci and decreased egg-hatching success. Carbon nanotube (CNTs) and frankincense nanoparticles showed a high death rate in adult and nymphal stages at a concentration of 0.05 percent. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) demonstrated exceptional mortality rates in adult and nymphal stages, with 90 and 50 percent at 5 mg/mL concentrations. Frankincense nanoparticles (FNPs) treatment demonstrated a high adult mortality rate of around 60 percent compared to the control treatment. Eggs of onion thrips showed different hatching success rates after treatment with CNTs and FNPs. The egg hatch rate did not exceed 40 percent of hatched eggs in the CNTs treatment compared to 90 percent in the control treatment. On the other hand, number of laid eggs per female did not differ significantly, indicating that none of the treatments affected the fecundity of the females. The ability of thrips to develop resistance to CNTs and frankincense compounds requires additional investigation. These natural products could be a suitable alternative to control destructive pests like onion thrips.","PeriodicalId":387927,"journal":{"name":"Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139370775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Origanum husnucan-baserii is an endemic species naturally found in Ermenek district of Karaman and Antalya. This study was carried out to determine the agronomic and chemical components of the O. husnucan-baserii, which grows naturally in Ermenek (South of Turkey). The experiment was carried out in the garden of Ermenek Vocational School for 3 years in 2014, 2015 and 2016, and in the research areas of Field Crops Department of Cukurova University for 2 years in 2015 and 2016 (O. husnucan-baserii plant grown in Adana vegetation could not be harvested in the first trial year (2014), since flowering did not occur). O. husnucan-baseri grown in Ermenek, 3-year plant height is between 79.00-74.61 cm, average 74.61 cm, the number of branches between 29.07-27.14 units/plant, average 28.29 units/plant, fresh herbage weight between 731.5-233.7 g/plant, average 463.40 g/plant, dry herbage weight between 344.3-84.14 g/plant, average 193.31 g/plant, dry leaf weight between 163.60-34.30 g/plant, average 83.70 g/plant, essential oil ratio between 0.92-0.16 %, the average was determined as 0.63%. The main component of the essential oil, p-cymene, was obtained as 81.29% in the first year, 81.39% in the second year and 66.62% in the third year. The plant height of the plants grown in Adana is between 84.67-61.57 cm, the average is 73.12 cm, the number of branches is between 37.00-25.71 units/plant, the average is 31.36 units/plant, the fresh herbage weight is between 304.33-190.90 g/plant, the average is 247.62 g/plant, dry herbage weight between 113.66-80.43 g/plant, average 97.05 g/plant, dry leaf weight between 72.00-31.40 g/plant, average 51.70 g/plant and essential oil ratio between 1.26-0.98%, the average was determined as 1.12%. The rate of p-cimen, the main component of the essential oil, was determined as 69.52% in the first year and 76.38% in the second year. Some characteristics such as plant height, fresh and dry grass weights were higher in Ermenek than Adana results. In terms of essential oil content, plants cultivated in Adana had higher values. In this case, it would be more appropriate to choose a region according to the purpose of cultivation.
{"title":"Some Yield and Quality Properties of Endemic Origanum husnucan-baserii Grown in Different Ecological Conditions","authors":"Hasan Maral, S. Kırıcı","doi":"10.33462/jotaf.1012619","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.1012619","url":null,"abstract":"Origanum husnucan-baserii is an endemic species naturally found in Ermenek district of Karaman and Antalya. This study was carried out to determine the agronomic and chemical components of the O. husnucan-baserii, which grows naturally in Ermenek (South of Turkey). The experiment was carried out in the garden of Ermenek Vocational School for 3 years in 2014, 2015 and 2016, and in the research areas of Field Crops Department of Cukurova University for 2 years in 2015 and 2016 (O. husnucan-baserii plant grown in Adana vegetation could not be harvested in the first trial year (2014), since flowering did not occur). O. husnucan-baseri grown in Ermenek, 3-year plant height is between 79.00-74.61 cm, average 74.61 cm, the number of branches between 29.07-27.14 units/plant, average 28.29 units/plant, fresh herbage weight between 731.5-233.7 g/plant, average 463.40 g/plant, dry herbage weight between 344.3-84.14 g/plant, average 193.31 g/plant, dry leaf weight between 163.60-34.30 g/plant, average 83.70 g/plant, essential oil ratio between 0.92-0.16 %, the average was determined as 0.63%. The main component of the essential oil, p-cymene, was obtained as 81.29% in the first year, 81.39% in the second year and 66.62% in the third year. The plant height of the plants grown in Adana is between 84.67-61.57 cm, the average is 73.12 cm, the number of branches is between 37.00-25.71 units/plant, the average is 31.36 units/plant, the fresh herbage weight is between 304.33-190.90 g/plant, the average is 247.62 g/plant, dry herbage weight between 113.66-80.43 g/plant, average 97.05 g/plant, dry leaf weight between 72.00-31.40 g/plant, average 51.70 g/plant and essential oil ratio between 1.26-0.98%, the average was determined as 1.12%. The rate of p-cimen, the main component of the essential oil, was determined as 69.52% in the first year and 76.38% in the second year. Some characteristics such as plant height, fresh and dry grass weights were higher in Ermenek than Adana results. In terms of essential oil content, plants cultivated in Adana had higher values. In this case, it would be more appropriate to choose a region according to the purpose of cultivation.","PeriodicalId":387927,"journal":{"name":"Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129480225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The poultry sector provides people and countries with many benefits in the social, economic and health domains. However, the poultry sector faces a number of important problems. One of these problems is information pollution. The rapid advances in information and communication technologies, in particular, made information pollution one of the most important problems of our contemporary age. Information pollution can have significant negative effects on companies and sectors, as well as threaten the reputation of the brand, the products and services offered by the businesses. The poultry industry is among the most affected by information pollution and Turkey represents an ideal case for studying the effects of information pollution on the poultry industry. The poultry sector has achieved significant growth in Turkey in recent years, but the problem of information pollution is an important factor that limits this growth. There are ongoing efforts by various organizations and agencies in Turkey to solve the problem. This study aims to examine the effects of information pollution on poultry producing companies in Turkey and identify the activities undertaken by producers to fight information pollution. Data were collected from companies that are members of BESD-BİR (Turkish Poultry Meat Producers and Breeders Association), which brings together the largest chicken producing companies in Turkey and account for 91% of all poultry production in Turkey. Basic statistical techniques and procedures such as frequency distributions, percentages, and arithmetic means were used to conduct descriptive statistical analysis. Likert-type questions were also included in the study for various purposes. Descriptive analysis method was used to analyze the suggestions made by the poultry producers to reduce information pollution in the sector. The results show that information pollution problem is an important problem for poultry producing companies in Turkey. Since a significant part of the companies are affected by the problem of information pollution, they have various activities aimed at solving this problem and informing consumers. The problem has slight to moderate effects on the sales, production decisions, marketing decisions, and investment decisions. It has been found that sales and production decisions are affected to a slightly larger extent compared to marketing and investment decisions. Poultry producing companies consider it important to carry out successful information campaigns and increase cooperation in the sector in order to solve information pollution problems.
{"title":"The Effects of Information Pollution on Poultry Companies: The Case of Turkey","authors":"B. Keski̇n, E. Güneş","doi":"10.33462/jotaf.1124690","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.1124690","url":null,"abstract":"The poultry sector provides people and countries with many benefits in the social, economic and health domains. However, the poultry sector faces a number of important problems. One of these problems is information pollution. The rapid advances in information and communication technologies, in particular, made information pollution one of the most important problems of our contemporary age. Information pollution can have significant negative effects on companies and sectors, as well as threaten the reputation of the brand, the products and services offered by the businesses. The poultry industry is among the most affected by information pollution and Turkey represents an ideal case for studying the effects of information pollution on the poultry industry. The poultry sector has achieved significant growth in Turkey in recent years, but the problem of information pollution is an important factor that limits this growth. There are ongoing efforts by various organizations and agencies in Turkey to solve the problem. This study aims to examine the effects of information pollution on poultry producing companies in Turkey and identify the activities undertaken by producers to fight information pollution. Data were collected from companies that are members of BESD-BİR (Turkish Poultry Meat Producers and Breeders Association), which brings together the largest chicken producing companies in Turkey and account for 91% of all poultry production in Turkey. Basic statistical techniques and procedures such as frequency distributions, percentages, and arithmetic means were used to conduct descriptive statistical analysis. Likert-type questions were also included in the study for various purposes. Descriptive analysis method was used to analyze the suggestions made by the poultry producers to reduce information pollution in the sector. The results show that information pollution problem is an important problem for poultry producing companies in Turkey. Since a significant part of the companies are affected by the problem of information pollution, they have various activities aimed at solving this problem and informing consumers. The problem has slight to moderate effects on the sales, production decisions, marketing decisions, and investment decisions. It has been found that sales and production decisions are affected to a slightly larger extent compared to marketing and investment decisions. Poultry producing companies consider it important to carry out successful information campaigns and increase cooperation in the sector in order to solve information pollution problems.","PeriodicalId":387927,"journal":{"name":"Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125155072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bu çalışma Tekirdağ İli’nde Malkara, Saray, Süleymanpaşa ve Şarköy ilçelerinde Tingidae familyası türlerinin doğal düşmanları ve yayılışlarını saptamak amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Sörveyler 2011-2012 yıllarında odunsu bitkiler üzerinde yapılmıştır. Arazi çıkışları Nisan ayı başı-Ekim ayı sonu arasında, 10 gün aralıklarla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Örneklemelerde darbe ve gözle kontrol yöntemleri kullanılmıştır. Sörveyler sonucunda, Tingidae familyası türlerinin doğal düşmanı olarak; Coleoptera takımı Coccinellidae familyasından; Coccinella septempunctata (Linnaeus, 1758), Exochomus quadripustulatus (Linnaeus, 1758), Oenopia conglobata (Linnaeus, 1758), Stethorus gilvifrons (Mulsant, 1850), Hemiptera takımı Anthocoridae familyasından; Anthocoris nemoralis (Fabricius, 1794), Orius niger (Wolff, 1811), Orius vicinus (Ribaut, 1923), Miridae familyasından; Deraeocoris lutescens (Schilling, 1837), Stethoconus pyri (Mella, 1869) ve Neuroptera takımı Chrysopidae familyasından; Chrysoperla carnea (Stephens, 1836) olmak üzere toplam 10 predatör tür saptanmıştır. Hymenoptera takımı Mymaridae familyasından ise Erythmelus panis (Enock, 1909) türü yumurta parazitoiti olarak tespit edilmiştir. Tekirdağ genelinde en çok bulunan tür S. pyri olmuştur. Bu türü C. septempuctata takip etmiştir. İlde en az bulunan türlerin ise sırasıyla A. nemoralis ve S. gilvifrons olduğu saptanmıştır. Doğal düşmanların yayılışlarının da bulunma oranlarıyla hemen hemen benzer olduğu belirlenmiştir. İlde bulunan tüm doğal düşmanların Stephanitis pyri (Fabricius, 1775) (Armut kaplanı) ile beslendiği tespit edilmiştir. O. conglobata’nın Armut kaplanı dışında Monosteira unicostata (Mulsant ve Rey, 1852) ile; A. nemoralis, O. niger ve O. vicinus’un da Corythuca ciliata (Say, 1832) ile beslendiği kaydedilmiştir. Tespit edilen doğal düşmanların birçoğu Tekirdağ faunası için ilk kayıttır. Bu türler içerisinde, yapılan gözlemler ve el edilen bulgulara göre; Armut kaplanı ile beslenen S. pyri ve C. ciliata ile beslenen Orius türlerinin diğer doğal düşmanlara göre daha önemli olduğu düşünülmektedir. Bu nedenle ileriye yönelik çalışmalarda, öncelikle bahsi geçen bu türlerin laboratuvar ve/veya arazi koşullarında biyolojileri ve etkinliklerinin araştırılması daha uygun olacaktır.
{"title":"Tekirdağ İli’nde Tingidae (Hemiptera) Türlerinin Doğal Düşmanları","authors":"Tolga Aysal, M. Kivan","doi":"10.33462/jotaf.1264668","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.1264668","url":null,"abstract":"Bu çalışma Tekirdağ İli’nde Malkara, Saray, Süleymanpaşa ve Şarköy ilçelerinde Tingidae familyası türlerinin doğal düşmanları ve yayılışlarını saptamak amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Sörveyler 2011-2012 yıllarında odunsu bitkiler üzerinde yapılmıştır. Arazi çıkışları Nisan ayı başı-Ekim ayı sonu arasında, 10 gün aralıklarla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Örneklemelerde darbe ve gözle kontrol yöntemleri kullanılmıştır. Sörveyler sonucunda, Tingidae familyası türlerinin doğal düşmanı olarak; Coleoptera takımı Coccinellidae familyasından; Coccinella septempunctata (Linnaeus, 1758), Exochomus quadripustulatus (Linnaeus, 1758), Oenopia conglobata (Linnaeus, 1758), Stethorus gilvifrons (Mulsant, 1850), Hemiptera takımı Anthocoridae familyasından; Anthocoris nemoralis (Fabricius, 1794), Orius niger (Wolff, 1811), Orius vicinus (Ribaut, 1923), Miridae familyasından; Deraeocoris lutescens (Schilling, 1837), Stethoconus pyri (Mella, 1869) ve Neuroptera takımı Chrysopidae familyasından; Chrysoperla carnea (Stephens, 1836) olmak üzere toplam 10 predatör tür saptanmıştır. Hymenoptera takımı Mymaridae familyasından ise Erythmelus panis (Enock, 1909) türü yumurta parazitoiti olarak tespit edilmiştir. Tekirdağ genelinde en çok bulunan tür S. pyri olmuştur. Bu türü C. septempuctata takip etmiştir. İlde en az bulunan türlerin ise sırasıyla A. nemoralis ve S. gilvifrons olduğu saptanmıştır. Doğal düşmanların yayılışlarının da bulunma oranlarıyla hemen hemen benzer olduğu belirlenmiştir. İlde bulunan tüm doğal düşmanların Stephanitis pyri (Fabricius, 1775) (Armut kaplanı) ile beslendiği tespit edilmiştir. O. conglobata’nın Armut kaplanı dışında Monosteira unicostata (Mulsant ve Rey, 1852) ile; A. nemoralis, O. niger ve O. vicinus’un da Corythuca ciliata (Say, 1832) ile beslendiği kaydedilmiştir. Tespit edilen doğal düşmanların birçoğu Tekirdağ faunası için ilk kayıttır. Bu türler içerisinde, yapılan gözlemler ve el edilen bulgulara göre; Armut kaplanı ile beslenen S. pyri ve C. ciliata ile beslenen Orius türlerinin diğer doğal düşmanlara göre daha önemli olduğu düşünülmektedir. Bu nedenle ileriye yönelik çalışmalarda, öncelikle bahsi geçen bu türlerin laboratuvar ve/veya arazi koşullarında biyolojileri ve etkinliklerinin araştırılması daha uygun olacaktır.","PeriodicalId":387927,"journal":{"name":"Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122081434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bu çalışmada, Şanlıurfa ilinin Viranşehir ilçesinde Damızlık Sığır Yetiştiricileri Birliği (DSYB)’ne üye olan süt sığırı işletmelerinin yapısal durumları ve işletme sahiplerine ilişkin bazı özellikler belirlenerek bunların süt verimine etkisi araştırılmıştır. Çalışmada ilçedeki 262 işletme sahibi ile yapılan anketlerden elde edilen veriler ve DSYB’den temin edilen süt verim kayıtları kullanılmıştır. Anketlerden alınan cevaplar ile yetiştiricilerin sosyal durumları, hayvan barınaklarının özellikleri, yetiştirme uygulamaları, yem temini ve besleme yöntemleri istatistik yöntemlerle değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırmada yetiştirici yaş ortalamasının 41.9 ± 13.14 ve ilçede hayvan başına düşen aylık ortalama süt veriminin 351.28±86.33 kg olduğu saptanmıştır. Süt verimi ile işletme sahiplerinin yaşları ve ailedeki erkek çocuk sayısı arasındaki ilişkinin düşük ve pozitif yönde olduğu (Sırasıyla r=0.1529 ve r=0.1380), buna karşılık ailede tarım dışı işlerle uğraşan kişi sayısı arasındaki ilişkinin ise düşük ve negatif yönde olduğu (r=-0.1693) belirlenmiştir. Duraklı ya da duraksız ahırlarda barındırma şekli, barınaklarda kullanılan çatı materyali ve işletme büyüklüğü gibi faktörlerin süt verimine etkisi önemli bulunmuştur (P
{"title":"The Effect of Some Structural Features on Milk Production of Dairy Cattle Farms in Viransehir District","authors":"Çiğdem Delebe, K. Yazgan","doi":"10.33462/jotaf.1223936","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.1223936","url":null,"abstract":"Bu çalışmada, Şanlıurfa ilinin Viranşehir ilçesinde Damızlık Sığır Yetiştiricileri Birliği (DSYB)’ne üye olan süt sığırı işletmelerinin yapısal durumları ve işletme sahiplerine ilişkin bazı özellikler belirlenerek bunların süt verimine etkisi araştırılmıştır. Çalışmada ilçedeki 262 işletme sahibi ile yapılan anketlerden elde edilen veriler ve DSYB’den temin edilen süt verim kayıtları kullanılmıştır. Anketlerden alınan cevaplar ile yetiştiricilerin sosyal durumları, hayvan barınaklarının özellikleri, yetiştirme uygulamaları, yem temini ve besleme yöntemleri istatistik yöntemlerle değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırmada yetiştirici yaş ortalamasının 41.9 ± 13.14 ve ilçede hayvan başına düşen aylık ortalama süt veriminin 351.28±86.33 kg olduğu saptanmıştır. Süt verimi ile işletme sahiplerinin yaşları ve ailedeki erkek çocuk sayısı arasındaki ilişkinin düşük ve pozitif yönde olduğu (Sırasıyla r=0.1529 ve r=0.1380), buna karşılık ailede tarım dışı işlerle uğraşan kişi sayısı arasındaki ilişkinin ise düşük ve negatif yönde olduğu (r=-0.1693) belirlenmiştir. Duraklı ya da duraksız ahırlarda barındırma şekli, barınaklarda kullanılan çatı materyali ve işletme büyüklüğü gibi faktörlerin süt verimine etkisi önemli bulunmuştur (P","PeriodicalId":387927,"journal":{"name":"Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132486622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：