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Oxidative photocatalysis on intracellular membranes lights up PhotoPyro 细胞内膜上的氧化光催化技术点亮了 PhotoPyro
IF 17.3 1区 材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-10-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.matt.2024.08.012
Yunjie Xu , Jungryun Kim , Hyeonji Rha , Jong Seung Kim
The advent of photon-controlled pyroptosis activation (PhotoPyro) has attracted great interest in photoimmunotherapy. Recently in Nature Communication, Seo, Min, Kwon, and co-workers reported an amphiphilic photocatalyst that induces non-canonical pyroptosis through the oxidative photocatalysis of water molecules into highly reactive hydroxyl radicals, triggering intracellular membrane-focused oxidative stress, a maladaptive unfolded protein response, and cation mobilization. This elegant work represents a new strategy for elucidating the cellular response to intracellular membrane oxidation.
光子控制的热熵激活(PhotoPyro)的出现引起了人们对光免疫疗法的极大兴趣。最近,Seo、Min、Kwon 及其合作者在《自然-通讯》(Nature Communication)上报道了一种两亲性光催化剂,它通过将水分子氧化光催化为高活性羟基自由基来诱导非典型热猝灭,从而引发细胞膜内的氧化应激、不适应性未折叠蛋白反应和阳离子动员。这项出色的工作代表了一种阐明细胞对细胞内膜氧化反应的新策略。
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引用次数: 0
Let’s get cracking – Solar ethene and hydrogen 让我们开始吧 - 太阳能乙烯和氢气
IF 17.3 1区 材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-10-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.matt.2024.07.005
Geoffrey Ozin
The heat is on, the temperature is rising, and the urgency of global warming means we’ve got to get cracking with the transition of the world’s energy supply from burning nature’s unsustainable legacy resources to the sustainable power gifted to humanity in earth’s unlimited sunlight, wind, tidal and geothermal, and dare I say, nuclear energy supplies.
全球变暖的紧迫性意味着,我们必须抓紧时间,将世界能源供应从燃烧大自然不可持续的遗留资源过渡到地球上无限的阳光、风能、潮汐能、地热能,以及我敢说的核能等可持续的能源供应。
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引用次数: 0
The editor-in-chief in China, or there and back again 主编在中国,或来回奔波
IF 17.3 1区 材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-10-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.matt.2024.08.025
Steve Cranford
As editor-in-chief, I frequently travel to conferences and universities to meet researchers, discuss science, and promote the Cell Press portfolio. A crucial geographical region for Matter’s success has been China—a key player in the world of materials science. Here, I recount my most recent August 2024 visit to give a glimpse of what it’s like to be an editor far from home.
作为主编,我经常前往会议和大学,与研究人员会面,讨论科学问题,并推广细胞出版社的产品组合。中国是《细胞》成功的关键地区--材料科学领域的重要一员。在这里,我将讲述我最近于2024年8月的一次访问,让大家了解一下远离家乡的编辑工作是怎样的。
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引用次数: 0
Nano-navigated macrophages: Piercing liver inflammation, fibrosis, and cancer 纳米导航巨噬细胞:穿透肝脏炎症、纤维化和癌症
IF 17.3 1区 材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-10-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.matt.2024.09.003
Alazne Moreno-Lanceta , Elazer R. Edelman , João Conde , Pedro Melgar-Lesmes
The incidence of chronic liver disease is increasing worldwide. Inflammation is a driving force in this disease; however, there is a need to further define the centrality of macrophages. With advances in nanotechnology, the therapeutic landscape of modulating macrophages against liver inflammation, fibrosis, and cancer can be considered using nanotherapeutics.
慢性肝病的发病率在全球范围内不断上升。炎症是这种疾病的驱动力;然而,有必要进一步明确巨噬细胞的核心作用。随着纳米技术的发展,可以考虑使用纳米疗法来调节巨噬细胞,从而对抗肝脏炎症、纤维化和癌症。
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引用次数: 0
WyCryst: Wyckoff inorganic crystal generator framework WyCryst:Wyckoff 无机晶体发生器框架
IF 17.3 1区 材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-10-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.matt.2024.05.042
Recent advancements in property-directed generative design of inorganic materials account for periodicity and global Euclidian symmetry through translations, rotations, and reflections; however, they do not account for symmetry constraints within allowed space groups. To address this, we introduce a generative design framework (WyCryst) composed of three components: (1) a Wyckoff position-based inorganic crystal representation, (2) a property-directed variational autoencoder (VAE) model, and (3) an automated density functional theory (DFT) workflow for structure refinement. Our framework selectively generates materials by encoding the Wyckoff representation for each space group. As validation, we reproduce a variety of existing materials, CaTiO3, CsPbI3, BaTiO3, and CuInS2, for both ground-state and polymorphic crystal structure predictions. We also generate several ternary materials not found in the training database, which are proven to retain their symmetry and are phononically stable using our automated DFT workflow. We believe our symmetry-aware WyCryst takes a vital step toward AI-driven inorganic materials discovery.
最近在无机材料属性定向生成设计方面取得的进展,通过平移、旋转和反射来考虑周期性和全局欧几里得对称性;然而,它们并没有考虑允许空间群内的对称性约束。为了解决这个问题,我们引入了一个生成式设计框架(WyCryst),由三个部分组成:(1) 基于 Wyckoff 位置的无机晶体表示法;(2) 以属性为导向的变异自动编码器 (VAE) 模型;(3) 用于结构细化的自动化密度泛函理论 (DFT) 工作流程。我们的框架通过对每个空间群的 Wyckoff 表示进行编码,选择性地生成材料。作为验证,我们在基态和多晶态晶体结构预测中重现了多种现有材料,包括 CaTiO3、CsPbI3、BaTiO3 和 CuInS2。我们还生成了几种训练数据库中没有的三元材料,使用我们的自动 DFT 工作流程,这些材料被证明保持了对称性和语音稳定性。我们相信,我们的对称感知 WyCryst 向人工智能驱动的无机材料发现迈出了重要一步。
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引用次数: 0
Governing the dispersion of quasi-2D perovskite phases toward efficient and stable perovskite solar cells 调控准二维过氧化物相的分散,实现高效稳定的过氧化物太阳能电池
IF 17.3 1区 材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-10-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.matt.2024.05.047
Multiphase formations within quasi-two-dimensional (quasi-2D) perovskite films have been shown to impede efficient charge transfer, reducing device performance. To address this issue, we propose using acetic acid (AcOH) as an additive to achieve a narrow phase distribution in quasi-2D perovskite films. In situ UV-visible light absorption spectra show an effective reduction in phase polydispersity in the early stage of film crystallization. First-principles calculations confirm that the AcOH coordination alters the reaction path, lowering the enthalpy of formation for a concentrated phase distribution. This configuration leads to carrier diffusion length exceeding 1 μm, and the mobility is up to 7.18 cm2 V−1 s−1 in the quasi-2D perovskite film. The resultant solar cells exhibit a champion power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 19.05% and demonstrate exceptional long-term stability, retaining over 90% of their initial PCEs over 10,000 h and maintaining over 80% efficiency after 500 h under continuous illumination tracking at the maximum power point.
准二维(quasi-2D)包晶石薄膜内的多相形成已被证明会阻碍电荷的有效转移,从而降低设备性能。为解决这一问题,我们建议使用乙酸(AcOH)作为添加剂,以实现准二维包晶薄膜中的窄相分布。原位紫外可见光吸收光谱显示,在薄膜结晶的早期阶段,相的多分散性有效降低。第一原理计算证实,AcOH 配位改变了反应路径,降低了集中相分布的形成焓。这种结构导致载流子扩散长度超过 1 μm,在准二维包晶薄膜中的迁移率高达 7.18 cm2 V-1 s-1。由此产生的太阳能电池的冠军功率转换效率(PCE)为 19.05%,并表现出卓越的长期稳定性,在 10,000 小时内保持了 90% 以上的初始 PCE,在最大功率点连续照明跟踪 500 小时后保持了 80% 以上的效率。
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引用次数: 0
Manipulation of perpendicular magnetization via magnon current with tilted polarization 通过带倾斜极化的磁子电流操纵垂直磁化
IF 17.3 1区 材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-10-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.matt.2024.05.045
Field-free switching of perpendicular magnetization driven by magnons is a promising technology that can significantly reduce energy dissipation and potential damage to spintronic devices. However, achieving such switching experimentally often demands an additional in-plane magnetic field or other complex measures, severely limiting its prospects. Here, we have successfully demonstrated field-free switching of perpendicular magnetization through a magnon current with tilted polarization in specially designed all-oxide heterostructures of SrRuO3/LaMnO3/SrIrO3. The ferromagnetic interface, resulting from charge reconstruction between the LaMnO3 and SrIrO3 layers, generates a tilted-polarized magnon current. This magnon current effectively breaks the mirror symmetry that traditionally hinders deterministic switching in spin-orbit torque setups and realizes field-free switching of perpendicular magnetization. In addition, the critical switching current density is significantly lower than that in conventional metallic systems. These findings open a promising avenue for developing highly efficient all-oxide spintronic devices that can be operated by magnon current.
由磁子驱动的垂直磁化无磁场切换是一项前景广阔的技术,可显著减少能量耗散和对自旋电子器件的潜在损害。然而,在实验中实现这种切换往往需要额外的面内磁场或其他复杂措施,这严重限制了其前景。在这里,我们成功地在专门设计的 SrRuO3/LaMnO3/SrIrO3 全氧化物异质结构中通过具有倾斜极化的磁子电流实现了垂直磁化的无场切换。LaMnO3 层和 SrIrO3 层之间的电荷重构所产生的铁磁界面会产生倾斜极化的磁子电流。这种磁子电流有效地打破了传统上阻碍自旋轨道力矩设置中确定性开关的镜像对称性,实现了垂直磁化的无磁场开关。此外,临界开关电流密度明显低于传统金属系统。这些发现为开发可通过磁子电流运行的高效全氧化物自旋电子器件开辟了一条前景广阔的道路。
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引用次数: 0
Dynamic water gating facilitated the formation of micro-nano water films for rapid solar-driven evaporation 动态水门促进了微纳米水膜的形成,从而实现太阳能驱动的快速蒸发
IF 17.3 1区 材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-10-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.matt.2024.08.004
Zhen Yu , Ting Xiong , Yaoxin Zhang
Interfacial solar evaporators have attracted increasing attention recently. Traditional photothermal absorbers typically rely on capillary wicking for continuous water supply, often resulting in water filling the entire porous structure and thus causing unnecessary parasitic heat loss. The formation of the micro-nano water films in the evaporation materials enabled rapid solar-driven water evaporation owing to the reduced evaporation entropy, larger evaporation area, and minimized heat loss.
最近,界面太阳能蒸发器引起了越来越多的关注。传统的光热吸收器通常依靠毛细管吸水来持续供水,这往往会导致水充满整个多孔结构,从而造成不必要的寄生热损失。而在蒸发材料中形成微纳米水膜后,由于蒸发熵降低、蒸发面积增大、热损耗减少,可实现太阳能驱动的快速水蒸发。
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引用次数: 0
Metalloligand-anion frameworks: Tunable polarized luminescence and crystal-to-crystal transformation 金属配体-阴离子框架:可调偏振发光和晶体间转化
IF 17.3 1区 材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-10-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.matt.2024.06.012
Noncovalent organic frameworks (NCOFs) are porous materials constructed by diverse intermolecular interactions. It is challenging to obtain polymorphic NCOFs with adjustable pores and high-performance polarized luminescence. Here, two polymorphic organometallic NCOFs, 1-α and 1-β, are presented from an iridium complex 1 based on the intralayer F···H hydrogen bonding and interlayer cation-anion electrostatic interactions. These metalloligand-anion frameworks display linearly polarized blue phosphorescence with a polarization degree of up to 0.91 and optical waveguide properties. The 1-α microcrystals doped with a ruthenium acceptor manifest a reversible response to Et2O vapor, showing modulated energy transfer and polarized luminescence. The 1-α and 1-β microcrystals are transformed into another polymorphic 1-γ crystal by incorporating chiral (R/S)-carvone guests, affording tunable circularly polarized luminescence with a dissymmetry factor of around 0.1. This work provides a unique concept to obtain polymorphic NCOFs, demonstrating prominent potential in multifunctional optical and chiroptical applications.
非共价有机框架(NCOFs)是由多种分子间相互作用构建而成的多孔材料。要获得具有可调孔隙和高性能偏振发光的多晶态 NCOFs 是一项挑战。本文基于层内 F-H 氢键和层间阳离子-阴离子静电相互作用,从铱配合物 1 中提出了两种多形态有机金属 NCOFs:1-α 和 1-β。这些金属配位体-阴离子框架显示出线性偏振蓝色磷光,偏振度高达 0.91,并具有光波导特性。掺杂了钌受体的 1-α 微晶对 Et2O 蒸汽具有可逆反应,显示出调制能量转移和偏振发光。通过掺入手性(R/S)-卡酮客体,1-α 和 1-β 微晶转变成了另一种多晶型 1-γ 晶体,从而产生了不对称系数约为 0.1 的可调圆偏振发光。这项工作为获得多态 NCOFs 提供了一个独特的概念,在多功能光学和光电应用方面展示了突出的潜力。
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引用次数: 0
Cation ordering in low-temperature niobium-rich NbWO bronzes: New anodes for high-rate Li-ion batteries 低温富铌 NbWO 青铜中的阳离子排序:高倍率锂离子电池的新阳极
IF 17.3 1区 材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-10-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.matt.2024.06.023
Supreeth Nagendran , Amoghavarsha Mahadevegowda , Sundeep Vema , Mohsen Danaie , Weixin Song , Bo Wen , Caterina Ducati , Clare P. Grey
Niobium tungsten oxides are gaining attention as anodes for lithium-ion batteries due to their high volumetric energy storage densities obtained at high cycling rates. Two new niobium tungsten bronze structures, NbWO5.5 and β-Nb2WO8, were prepared with microwave-assisted solution-based methods at 800°C. These adopt a simple tetragonal tungsten bronze (TTB) and a √2 × √2 TTB superstructure, respectively. Nb3WO10.5 with a structure closely related to β-Nb2WO8 was formed at higher Nb:W ratios. Nb:W ≥ 4 compositions result in two-phase behavior forming Nb2O5 and Nb3WO10.5, while W-rich bronzes (Nb:W < 1) exhibited local domains of WO3 within the NbWO5.5 lattice. Diffraction and electron microscopy analysis revealed cation ordering in the bronzes at different length scales. The microwave synthesis method produced microporous spheres, with the high-Nb-content phases showing promising high-rate capabilities and long cycle lives, making them suitable for energy-storage applications. The microwave-assisted solution method holds potential for synthesizing complex oxide materials across diverse applications.
铌钨氧化物在高循环速率下具有高体积能量存储密度,因此作为锂离子电池的阳极正日益受到关注。本研究采用微波辅助溶液法,在 800°C 下制备了两种新的铌钨青铜结构:NbWO5.5 和 β-Nb2WO8。它们分别采用了简单的四方钨青铜(TTB)和 √2 × √2 TTB 超结构。在较高的铌:W 比值下,形成了与 β-Nb2WO8 结构密切相关的 Nb3WO10.5。Nb:W ≥ 4 的成分会导致两相行为,形成 Nb2O5 和 Nb3WO10.5,而富 W 青铜(Nb:W <1)则在 NbWO5.5 晶格内显示出局部的 WO3 域。衍射和电子显微镜分析表明,青铜中的阳离子在不同的长度尺度上有序排列。微波合成法产生了微孔球体,其中高铌含量相具有良好的高速率能力和长循环寿命,适合用于储能应用。微波辅助溶液法具有合成复杂氧化物材料的潜力,可用于多种应用领域。
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