Pub Date : 2025-03-04DOI: 10.1016/j.matt.2025.102010
Il Woo Ock, Zhaoqi Duan, Jing Xu, Xun Zhao, Jun Chen
The direction and frequency drift of ocean waves presents considerable challenges to existing platform technologies to utilize such energy. Here, we present a starfish-inspired magnetoelastic generator (MEG) array floating on the ocean surface, efficiently converting irregular ocean wave fluctuations into electricity for sustainable water splitting and hydrogen (H2) fuel production. Within the starfish-inspired MEG array system, each MEG unit that harnesses the magnetoelastic effect to efficiently convert local ocean wave energy into electricity with a voltage of 12.52 mV cm⁻2 and a current of 0.24 mA cm⁻2 at 2 Hz. By integrating eight such units onto the tube feet, the starfish-inspired system achieved a maximum peak voltage of 4.33 V, charged a capacitor to 2.42 V within 80 s and electrolyzed the water to continuously produce H2 at a rate of 1.18 μL min⁻1. The starfish-inspired MEG array is a milestone for ocean wave energy harvesting, promoting H2 economics and carbon neutrality.
海洋波浪的方向和频率漂移给利用这种能量的现有平台技术带来了巨大挑战。在这里，我们展示了一种受海星启发的磁弹性发电机（MEG）阵列，它漂浮在海面上，能有效地将不规则的海浪波动转化为电能，用于可持续的水分离和氢（H2）燃料生产。在受海星启发的 MEG 阵列系统中，每个 MEG 单元都能利用磁弹性效应有效地将局部海浪能量转化为电能，电压为 12.52 mV cm-2，电流为 0.24 mA cm-2，频率为 2 Hz。通过在管脚上集成八个这样的单元，受海星启发的系统获得了 4.33 V 的最大峰值电压，在 80 秒内将电容器充电至 2.42 V，并以 1.18 μL min-1 的速率连续电解水以产生 H2。受海星启发的 MEG 阵列是海洋波浪能收集的一个里程碑，促进了 H2 经济性和碳中和。
{"title":"Starfish-inspired magnetoelastic generator array for ocean wave energy harvesting","authors":"Il Woo Ock, Zhaoqi Duan, Jing Xu, Xun Zhao, Jun Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.matt.2025.102010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matt.2025.102010","url":null,"abstract":"The direction and frequency drift of ocean waves presents considerable challenges to existing platform technologies to utilize such energy. Here, we present a starfish-inspired magnetoelastic generator (MEG) array floating on the ocean surface, efficiently converting irregular ocean wave fluctuations into electricity for sustainable water splitting and hydrogen (H<sub>2</sub>) fuel production. Within the starfish-inspired MEG array system, each MEG unit that harnesses the magnetoelastic effect to efficiently convert local ocean wave energy into electricity with a voltage of 12.52 mV cm⁻<sup>2</sup> and a current of 0.24 mA cm⁻<sup>2</sup> at 2 Hz. By integrating eight such units onto the tube feet, the starfish-inspired system achieved a maximum peak voltage of 4.33 V, charged a capacitor to 2.42 V within 80 s and electrolyzed the water to continuously produce H<sub>2</sub> at a rate of 1.18 μL min⁻<sup>1</sup>. The starfish-inspired MEG array is a milestone for ocean wave energy harvesting, promoting H<sub>2</sub> economics and carbon neutrality.","PeriodicalId":388,"journal":{"name":"Matter","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143538866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-26DOI: 10.1016/j.matt.2025.102007
Cuiying Ye, Di Liu, Yikui Gao, Fan Liu, Hongxuan Xu, Tao Jiang, Zhong Lin Wang
Electrification at water-solid interfaces, which enhances interfacial physical and chemical reactions, plays a crucial role in energy fields. However, the fundamental limits on charge transfer due to contact electrification (CE) at these interfaces remain poorly understood. Here, we first demonstrate electrostatic breakdown (EB) in the vicinity of liquid-solid-gas interfaces, which is attributed to the enhanced electric field in the gas close to the triple-phase contact line. Furthermore, we discover the significant impact of distant conductors on the interface electric field depending on their locations and grounding statuses and observe two types of breakdowns. Guided by an established physical model of breakdown, we achieve a record-high charge density of 1.36 mC m−2 in CE at water-insulator interfaces. Finally, we show the broad impact of EB on energy harvesting, surface wettability, and droplet motion at water-insulator interfaces. This previously unexplored EB phenomenon could offer new insights into interfacial charge and energy exchange at water-solid interfaces.
{"title":"Electrostatic breakdown at liquid-solid-gas triple-phase interfaces owing to contact electrification","authors":"Cuiying Ye, Di Liu, Yikui Gao, Fan Liu, Hongxuan Xu, Tao Jiang, Zhong Lin Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.matt.2025.102007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matt.2025.102007","url":null,"abstract":"Electrification at water-solid interfaces, which enhances interfacial physical and chemical reactions, plays a crucial role in energy fields. However, the fundamental limits on charge transfer due to contact electrification (CE) at these interfaces remain poorly understood. Here, we first demonstrate electrostatic breakdown (EB) in the vicinity of liquid-solid-gas interfaces, which is attributed to the enhanced electric field in the gas close to the triple-phase contact line. Furthermore, we discover the significant impact of distant conductors on the interface electric field depending on their locations and grounding statuses and observe two types of breakdowns. Guided by an established physical model of breakdown, we achieve a record-high charge density of 1.36 mC m<sup>−2</sup> in CE at water-insulator interfaces. Finally, we show the broad impact of EB on energy harvesting, surface wettability, and droplet motion at water-insulator interfaces. This previously unexplored EB phenomenon could offer new insights into interfacial charge and energy exchange at water-solid interfaces.","PeriodicalId":388,"journal":{"name":"Matter","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143495905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-25DOI: 10.1016/j.matt.2025.102006
Julie Baillet, John H. Klich, Ben S. Ou, Emily L. Meany, Jerry Yan, Theodora U.J. Bruun, Ashley Utz, Carolyn K. Jons, Sebastien Lecommandoux, Eric A. Appel
The threat of future coronavirus pandemics requires developing effective vaccine technologies that provide broad and long-lasting protection against circulating and emerging strains. Here, we report a multivalent liposomal hydrogel depot vaccine technology comprising the receptor binding domain (RBD) of up to four relevant coronavirus strains from severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) non-covalently displayed on the surface of the liposomes within the hydrogel structure. The multivalent presentation and sustained exposure of RBD antigens improved the potency, neutralizing activity, durability, and consistency of antibody responses across homologous and heterologous coronavirus strains in a naive murine model. When administrated in animals pre-exposed to wild-type SARS-CoV-2 antigens, liposomal hydrogels elicited durable antibody responses against the homologous SARS and MERS strains for more than 6 months and elicited neutralizing activity against the immune-evasive SARS-CoV-2 variant Omicron BA.4/BA.5. Overall, the tunable liposomal hydrogel platform we report here generates robust responses against diverse coronaviruses, supporting global efforts to respond to future viral outbreaks.
{"title":"Sustained exposure to multivalent antigen-decorated nanoparticles generates broad anti-coronavirus responses","authors":"Julie Baillet, John H. Klich, Ben S. Ou, Emily L. Meany, Jerry Yan, Theodora U.J. Bruun, Ashley Utz, Carolyn K. Jons, Sebastien Lecommandoux, Eric A. Appel","doi":"10.1016/j.matt.2025.102006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matt.2025.102006","url":null,"abstract":"The threat of future coronavirus pandemics requires developing effective vaccine technologies that provide broad and long-lasting protection against circulating and emerging strains. Here, we report a multivalent liposomal hydrogel depot vaccine technology comprising the receptor binding domain (RBD) of up to four relevant coronavirus strains from severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and <em>Middle East respiratory syndrome</em> (MERS) non-covalently displayed on the surface of the liposomes within the hydrogel structure. The multivalent presentation and sustained exposure of RBD antigens improved the potency, neutralizing activity, durability, and consistency of antibody responses across homologous and heterologous coronavirus strains in a naive murine model. When administrated in animals pre-exposed to wild-type SARS-CoV-2 antigens, liposomal hydrogels elicited durable antibody responses against the homologous SARS and MERS strains for more than 6 months and elicited neutralizing activity against the immune-evasive SARS-CoV-2 variant Omicron BA.4/BA.5. Overall, the tunable liposomal hydrogel platform we report here generates robust responses against diverse coronaviruses, supporting global efforts to respond to future viral outbreaks.","PeriodicalId":388,"journal":{"name":"Matter","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143486394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-25DOI: 10.1016/j.matt.2025.102013
Shaofei La, Yong Gao, Qinghe Cao, Jingzhu Chen, Abdelnaby M. Elshahawy, Yingyi Cui, Fan Bu, Salah A. Makhlouf, Pei Song Chee, Cao Guan
Achieving a Zn anode with simultaneous excellent cycling stability and high Zn utilization rate still remains a huge challenge for practical rechargeable zinc-ion batteries. Here, thermal transfer-enhanced layers are coated on both sides of Zn foil, where the top layer enables uniform Zn2+ flux and temperature distribution, and the bottom coating improves local heat diffusion and mechanical stability. With such dual thermal protection, thermodynamically driven dendrite growth and side reactions are effectively suppressed. The Zn anode can be stably cycled for 440 h at 5 mA cm−2/5 mAh cm−2 (corresponding to a high Zn utilization rate of 85.5%), which is superior to previously reported results for protective layer-coated zinc anodes. A V2O3/N-doped carbon (NC)-based full cell exhibits stable performance for 200 cycles with a high specific energy density (174 Wh kg−1, based on the whole mass of electrodes) and high volumetric energy density (218 Wh L−1, based on the whole cell), which is promising for practical applications.
{"title":"A thermal transfer-enhanced zinc anode for stable and high-energy-density zinc-ion batteries","authors":"Shaofei La, Yong Gao, Qinghe Cao, Jingzhu Chen, Abdelnaby M. Elshahawy, Yingyi Cui, Fan Bu, Salah A. Makhlouf, Pei Song Chee, Cao Guan","doi":"10.1016/j.matt.2025.102013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matt.2025.102013","url":null,"abstract":"Achieving a Zn anode with simultaneous excellent cycling stability and high Zn utilization rate still remains a huge challenge for practical rechargeable zinc-ion batteries. Here, thermal transfer-enhanced layers are coated on both sides of Zn foil, where the top layer enables uniform Zn<sup>2+</sup> flux and temperature distribution, and the bottom coating improves local heat diffusion and mechanical stability. With such dual thermal protection, thermodynamically driven dendrite growth and side reactions are effectively suppressed. The Zn anode can be stably cycled for 440 h at 5 mA cm<sup>−2</sup>/5 mAh cm<sup>−2</sup> (corresponding to a high Zn utilization rate of 85.5%), which is superior to previously reported results for protective layer-coated zinc anodes. A V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/N-doped carbon (NC)-based full cell exhibits stable performance for 200 cycles with a high specific energy density (174 Wh kg<sup>−1</sup>, based on the whole mass of electrodes) and high volumetric energy density (218 Wh L<sup>−1</sup>, based on the whole cell), which is promising for practical applications.","PeriodicalId":388,"journal":{"name":"Matter","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143486602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-24DOI: 10.1016/j.matt.2025.102003
Samuel W. Ong, Simon A. Agnew, Md Saifur Rahman, William J. Scheideler
Two-dimensional (2D) metal oxide semiconductors offer a superlative combination of high electron mobility and visible-range transparency uniquely suitable for flexible transparent electronics. Synthesis of these ultrathin (<3 nm) semiconductors by Cabrera-Mott oxidation of liquid metals could enable emerging device applications but requires the precise design of their electrostatics at the nanoscale. This study demonstrates sub-nanometer-level control over the thickness of semiconducting 2D antimony-doped indium oxide (AIO) by manipulating the kinetics of Cabrera-Mott oxidation through variable-speed liquid metal printing at plastic-compatible temperatures (175°C). By modulating both the growth kinetics and doping, we engineer the conductivity and crystallinity of AIO for integration in ultrathin channel transistors exhibiting exceptional steep turn-on, on-off ratios > 106 and an outstanding average mobility of 34.7 ± 12.9 cm2/Vs. This result shows the potential for kinetically controlling 2D oxide synthesis for various high-performance optoelectronic device applications.
{"title":"Sub-nm kinetically controlled liquid metal printing of ternary antimony indium oxide transistors","authors":"Samuel W. Ong, Simon A. Agnew, Md Saifur Rahman, William J. Scheideler","doi":"10.1016/j.matt.2025.102003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matt.2025.102003","url":null,"abstract":"Two-dimensional (2D) metal oxide semiconductors offer a superlative combination of high electron mobility and visible-range transparency uniquely suitable for flexible transparent electronics. Synthesis of these ultrathin (<3 nm) semiconductors by Cabrera-Mott oxidation of liquid metals could enable emerging device applications but requires the precise design of their electrostatics at the nanoscale. This study demonstrates sub-nanometer-level control over the thickness of semiconducting 2D antimony-doped indium oxide (AIO) by manipulating the kinetics of Cabrera-Mott oxidation through variable-speed liquid metal printing at plastic-compatible temperatures (175°C). By modulating both the growth kinetics and doping, we engineer the conductivity and crystallinity of AIO for integration in ultrathin channel transistors exhibiting exceptional steep turn-on, on-off ratios > 10<sup>6</sup> and an outstanding average mobility of 34.7 ± 12.9 cm<sup>2</sup>/Vs. This result shows the potential for <em>kinetically</em> controlling 2D oxide synthesis for various high-performance optoelectronic device applications.","PeriodicalId":388,"journal":{"name":"Matter","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143477768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Flexible optical wireless communication is significant for major strategic needs due to its safety, portability, and precision. As a core component in optical communication systems, photodetectors (PDs) are plagued by stringent requirements, including high detectivity, stability, and flexibility. Herein, an optical wireless communication system based on flexible two-dimensional (2D) Ruddlesden-Popper (RP) perovskite PDs is presented. The thickness-optimized PD with outstanding thermal stability and flexibility has a high responsivity over the visible light range with two peaks at 488 and 532 nm. Based on these advancements, a multiplexing encrypted communication system is presented by exploiting the 488 and 532 nm light as independent information transmission channels to improve information security. Moreover, the flexible PD is integrated into the integrated circuit to simulate an optical wireless communication system for visible light positioning and bidirectional information transmission, which realizes the real-time positioning of the vehicle and the real-time presentation of the user interface.
{"title":"High-performance 2D perovskite-based flexible photodetectors for optical communication and information encryption","authors":"Kaijia Feng, Ying Li, Yancheng Chen, Zhongming Wei, Guozhen Shen","doi":"10.1016/j.matt.2025.101998","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matt.2025.101998","url":null,"abstract":"Flexible optical wireless communication is significant for major strategic needs due to its safety, portability, and precision. As a core component in optical communication systems, photodetectors (PDs) are plagued by stringent requirements, including high detectivity, stability, and flexibility. Herein, an optical wireless communication system based on flexible two-dimensional (2D) Ruddlesden-Popper (RP) perovskite PDs is presented. The thickness-optimized PD with outstanding thermal stability and flexibility has a high responsivity over the visible light range with two peaks at 488 and 532 nm. Based on these advancements, a multiplexing encrypted communication system is presented by exploiting the 488 and 532 nm light as independent information transmission channels to improve information security. Moreover, the flexible PD is integrated into the integrated circuit to simulate an optical wireless communication system for visible light positioning and bidirectional information transmission, which realizes the real-time positioning of the vehicle and the real-time presentation of the user interface.","PeriodicalId":388,"journal":{"name":"Matter","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143401226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
LiMXCl4, a recently discovered lithium superionic conductor, achieves Li conductivity up to 12.4 mS/cm at room temperature. Notably, LiNbOCl4 features flexible, rotating polyhedra, potentially explaining its high ionic conductivity. However, the generalizability of these findings across different chemistries and the direct link between polyhedra rotations and Li-ion mobility remain unclear. In this study, we explore various M-cation and X-anion substitutions in the LiMXCl4 system, identifying fluoro-chlorides as promising for enhancing electrochemical stability while maintaining high ionic conductivity. Meyer-Neldel analysis on ab initio simulations reveals that LiMXCl4 outperforms existing halide conductors, with projected conductivities of 10–100 mS/cm. Our probabilistic analysis of lithium-ion hops and small-angle tilting events reveals a “soft cradle effect,” where weakly bound M-octahedra tilt in conjunction with Li-ion hops, optimizing the energy landscape. This work provides fundamental insights into the factors driving high ionic conductivity in non-close-packed oxyhalide systems and suggests exciting directions for further improving these materials.
{"title":"Exploring the soft cradle effect and ionic transport mechanisms in the LiMXCl4 superionic conductor family","authors":"KyuJung Jun, Grace Wei, Xiaochen Yang, Yu Chen, Gerbrand Ceder","doi":"10.1016/j.matt.2025.102001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matt.2025.102001","url":null,"abstract":"LiMXCl<sub>4</sub>, a recently discovered lithium superionic conductor, achieves Li conductivity up to 12.4 mS/cm at room temperature. Notably, LiNbOCl<sub>4</sub> features flexible, rotating polyhedra, potentially explaining its high ionic conductivity. However, the generalizability of these findings across different chemistries and the direct link between polyhedra rotations and Li-ion mobility remain unclear. In this study, we explore various M-cation and X-anion substitutions in the LiMXCl<sub>4</sub> system, identifying fluoro-chlorides as promising for enhancing electrochemical stability while maintaining high ionic conductivity. Meyer-Neldel analysis on <em>ab initio</em> simulations reveals that LiMXCl<sub>4</sub> outperforms existing halide conductors, with projected conductivities of 10–100 mS/cm. Our probabilistic analysis of lithium-ion hops and small-angle tilting events reveals a “soft cradle effect,” where weakly bound M-octahedra tilt in conjunction with Li-ion hops, optimizing the energy landscape. This work provides fundamental insights into the factors driving high ionic conductivity in non-close-packed oxyhalide systems and suggests exciting directions for further improving these materials.","PeriodicalId":388,"journal":{"name":"Matter","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143401222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-13DOI: 10.1016/j.matt.2025.102000
Bongki Shin, Bo Ni, Chee-Tat Toh, Doug Steinbach, Zhenze Yang, Lucas M. Sassi, Qing Ai, Kangdi Niu, Junhao Lin, Kazu Suenaga, Yimo Han, Markus J. Buehler, Barbaros Özyilmaz, Jun Lou
Two-dimensional (2D) materials have immense potential to advance flexible electronics, yet they are limited by low fracture toughness. This study addresses the intrinsic toughening of monolayer amorphous carbon (MAC), a 2D nanocomposite, to overcome this challenge. By incorporating both amorphous and nanocrystalline phases, MAC significantly enhances energy absorption during fracture propagation, as evidenced by crack blunting, deflecting, and bridging. Using in situ tensile tests under a scanning electron microscope, our results indicate an 8-fold increase in the energy release rate compared to monolayer graphene, along with improved fracture strain and crack stability. Molecular dynamics simulations demonstrate the impact of phase composition on fracture energy. Our results present a scalable toughening strategy for 2D materials, potentially broadening their applications in fields requiring robust fracture resistance.
{"title":"Intrinsic toughening in monolayer amorphous carbon nanocomposites","authors":"Bongki Shin, Bo Ni, Chee-Tat Toh, Doug Steinbach, Zhenze Yang, Lucas M. Sassi, Qing Ai, Kangdi Niu, Junhao Lin, Kazu Suenaga, Yimo Han, Markus J. Buehler, Barbaros Özyilmaz, Jun Lou","doi":"10.1016/j.matt.2025.102000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matt.2025.102000","url":null,"abstract":"Two-dimensional (2D) materials have immense potential to advance flexible electronics, yet they are limited by low fracture toughness. This study addresses the intrinsic toughening of monolayer amorphous carbon (MAC), a 2D nanocomposite, to overcome this challenge. By incorporating both amorphous and nanocrystalline phases, MAC significantly enhances energy absorption during fracture propagation, as evidenced by crack blunting, deflecting, and bridging. Using <em>in situ</em> tensile tests under a scanning electron microscope, our results indicate an 8-fold increase in the energy release rate compared to monolayer graphene, along with improved fracture strain and crack stability. Molecular dynamics simulations demonstrate the impact of phase composition on fracture energy. Our results present a scalable toughening strategy for 2D materials, potentially broadening their applications in fields requiring robust fracture resistance.","PeriodicalId":388,"journal":{"name":"Matter","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143401224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-05DOI: 10.1016/j.matt.2024.10.019
Mingxing Peng , Qilong Zhao , Anping Chai , Yutian Wang , Min Wang , Xuemin Du
Establishing vascular neural networks is critical for tissue regeneration. However, none of the existing approaches can replicate the physiological processes that varying extracellular cues sequentially play parts in different phases, thus hindering synergistic neurovascular remodeling. Here, we report a ferroelectric living interface for fine-tuned exosome secretion (LIFES) that harnesses unique topographical and electric (piezoelectric and photopyroelectric) signals and sustained generation of bioactive exosomes by rationally constructing a ferroelectric layer and a living cell layer. The LIFES exhibits physiology-mimicking paracrine effects, including sustained (∼192 h), phase-specific exosome secretion with tunable contents (∼8-fold increases) and programmable microRNA (miRNA) cargoes (initially pro-angiogenic and later pro-neurogenic), which overcome the limitations of the existing exosome delivery systems, such as short lifetime (∼24–48 h), difficult-to-preserve bioactivity, and non-changeable cargoes. LIFES allows for enhanced effectiveness in promoting neurovascular remodeling both in vitro and in challenging diabetic wound models, opening new avenues for next-generation intelligent materials and biomedical devices.
{"title":"A ferroelectric living interface for fine-tuned exosome secretion toward physiology-mimetic neurovascular remodeling","authors":"Mingxing Peng , Qilong Zhao , Anping Chai , Yutian Wang , Min Wang , Xuemin Du","doi":"10.1016/j.matt.2024.10.019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matt.2024.10.019","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Establishing vascular neural networks is critical for tissue regeneration. However, none of the existing approaches can replicate the physiological processes that varying extracellular cues sequentially play parts in different phases, thus hindering synergistic neurovascular remodeling. Here, we report a ferroelectric living interface for fine-tuned exosome secretion (LIFES) that harnesses unique topographical and electric (piezoelectric and photopyroelectric) signals and sustained generation of bioactive exosomes by rationally constructing a ferroelectric layer and a living cell layer. The LIFES exhibits physiology-mimicking paracrine effects, including sustained (∼192 h), phase-specific exosome secretion with tunable contents (∼8-fold increases) and programmable microRNA (miRNA) cargoes (initially pro-angiogenic and later pro-neurogenic), which overcome the limitations of the existing exosome delivery systems, such as short lifetime (∼24–48 h), difficult-to-preserve bioactivity, and non-changeable cargoes. LIFES allows for enhanced effectiveness in promoting neurovascular remodeling both <em>in vitro</em> and in challenging diabetic wound models, opening new avenues for next-generation intelligent materials and biomedical devices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":388,"journal":{"name":"Matter","volume":"8 2","pages":"Article 101901"},"PeriodicalIF":17.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142678451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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