Pub Date : 2026-03-04Epub Date: 2026-02-25DOI: 10.1016/j.matt.2025.102623
Yuliang Li , Jinxin Gao , Honghao Li , Zhaoyang Wang , Lu Li , Ke Li , Qiuya Zhang , Yan Li , Chunyu Zhang , Linyang Li , Ran Wang , Xiaofang Zhang , Lei Jiang , Dongliang Tian
Seawater electrolysis is a promising route for sustainable hydrogen production, yet its efficiency is limited by slow cathodic bubble detachment and Mg2+/Ca2+ precipitation that block active sites. Inspired by desert beetles and cactus spines, we developed a superhydrophilic/superhydrophobic wedge-shaped microstructure array electrode. This design accelerates bubble removal via high-speed gas channels and prevents salt buildup, keeping active sites exposed for hydrogen production. The electrode-based alkaline anion exchange membrane electrolyzer achieves 0.5 A·cm−2 at 1.57 V in seawater and operates stably for 500 h at 2 A·cm−2, reducing hydrogen cost to $1.7/kg of H2 (below the US Department of Energy’s $2/kg of H2 target). This work aims to advance hydrogen production and offers insights into developing efficient electrodes for seawater electrolysis.
{"title":"Biomimetic flow guiding electrode design for high-efficiency seawater electrolysis: Overcoming salt precipitation challenges","authors":"Yuliang Li , Jinxin Gao , Honghao Li , Zhaoyang Wang , Lu Li , Ke Li , Qiuya Zhang , Yan Li , Chunyu Zhang , Linyang Li , Ran Wang , Xiaofang Zhang , Lei Jiang , Dongliang Tian","doi":"10.1016/j.matt.2025.102623","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matt.2025.102623","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Seawater electrolysis is a promising route for sustainable hydrogen production, yet its efficiency is limited by slow cathodic bubble detachment and Mg<sup>2+</sup>/Ca<sup>2+</sup> precipitation that block active sites. Inspired by desert beetles and cactus spines, we developed a superhydrophilic/superhydrophobic wedge-shaped microstructure array electrode. This design accelerates bubble removal via high-speed gas channels and prevents salt buildup, keeping active sites exposed for hydrogen production. The electrode-based alkaline anion exchange membrane electrolyzer achieves 0.5 A·cm<sup>−2</sup> at 1.57 V in seawater and operates stably for 500 h at 2 A·cm<sup>−2</sup>, reducing hydrogen cost to $1.7/kg of H<sub>2</sub> (below the US Department of Energy’s $2/kg of H<sub>2</sub> target). This work aims to advance hydrogen production and offers insights into developing efficient electrodes for seawater electrolysis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":388,"journal":{"name":"Matter","volume":"9 3","pages":"Article 102623"},"PeriodicalIF":17.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147279831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-04Epub Date: 2026-02-05DOI: 10.1016/j.matt.2025.102599
Qifan Li , Tiefeng Liu , Jun-Da Huang , Ze-Fan Yao , Dace Gao , Qingqing Wang , Junpeng Ji , Miao Xiong , Xianjie Liu , Sang Young Jeong , Min Gyu Kang , Han-Yan Wu , Chi-Yuan Yang , Han Young Woo , Mats Fahlman , Simone Fabiano
High-performance n-type conducting polymers remain scarce, with most requiring toxic and/or hazardous solvents for processing. Here, we report a water-processable poly(benzodifurandione) (PBFDO) ink that achieves conductivities up to 1,400 S cm−1, the highest reported for n-type conjugated polymers from green solvents. The use of long-tailed amphiphilic zwitterions to stabilize the PBFDO nanoparticles creates a hydrophobic interfacial barrier that also suppresses oxidative side reactions (de-doping) with oxygen and water, resulting in aqueous dispersions that are stable for over 160 days. This molecular-level control preserves structural order in cast films, enabling sustainable and scalable fabrication of thin films with a remarkable power factor of 184 μW m−1 K−2—among the largest for water-processed n-type polymers—highlighting their potential for high-performance thermoelectrics. By combining exceptional electronic performance, long-term stability, and sustainable processing, this work paves the way for environment-friendly, scalable manufacturing of next-generation organic electronic and energy-harvesting devices.
高性能n型导电聚合物仍然稀缺，大多数需要有毒和/或有害溶剂进行加工。在这里，我们报道了一种可水处理的聚（苯二呋喃二酮）（pbdo）油墨，其电导率高达1,400 S cm - 1，这是绿色溶剂中n型共轭聚合物报道的最高电导率。使用长尾两亲两性离子来稳定pbdo纳米颗粒，可以形成疏水界面屏障，同时抑制氧和水的氧化副反应（去掺杂），从而使水分散体在160天内保持稳定。这种分子水平的控制保持了铸膜的结构秩序，使薄膜的可持续和可扩展制造成为可能，其功率因数为184 μW m−1 K−2，是水处理n型聚合物中最大的功率因数之一，突出了它们在高性能热电方面的潜力。通过结合卓越的电子性能、长期稳定性和可持续处理，这项工作为下一代有机电子和能量收集设备的环保、可扩展制造铺平了道路。
{"title":"A water-processable n-type polymeric ink with conductivities exceeding 1,000 S cm−1","authors":"Qifan Li , Tiefeng Liu , Jun-Da Huang , Ze-Fan Yao , Dace Gao , Qingqing Wang , Junpeng Ji , Miao Xiong , Xianjie Liu , Sang Young Jeong , Min Gyu Kang , Han-Yan Wu , Chi-Yuan Yang , Han Young Woo , Mats Fahlman , Simone Fabiano","doi":"10.1016/j.matt.2025.102599","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matt.2025.102599","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>High-performance n-type conducting polymers remain scarce, with most requiring toxic and/or hazardous solvents for processing. Here, we report a water-processable poly(benzodifurandione) (PBFDO) ink that achieves conductivities up to 1,400 S cm<sup>−1</sup>, the highest reported for n-type conjugated polymers from green solvents. The use of long-tailed amphiphilic zwitterions to stabilize the PBFDO nanoparticles creates a hydrophobic interfacial barrier that also suppresses oxidative side reactions (de-doping) with oxygen and water, resulting in aqueous dispersions that are stable for over 160 days. This molecular-level control preserves structural order in cast films, enabling sustainable and scalable fabrication of thin films with a remarkable power factor of 184 μW m<sup>−1</sup> K<sup>−2</sup>—among the largest for water-processed n-type polymers—highlighting their potential for high-performance thermoelectrics. By combining exceptional electronic performance, long-term stability, and sustainable processing, this work paves the way for environment-friendly, scalable manufacturing of next-generation organic electronic and energy-harvesting devices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":388,"journal":{"name":"Matter","volume":"9 3","pages":"Article 102599"},"PeriodicalIF":17.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147417913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-04DOI: 10.1016/j.matt.2025.102633
Jiansong Chen , Pengfei Chen , Haishun Du , Xiaoxue Zhang , Yi-Cheng Wang , Xudong Wang , Xuejun Pan
Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) traditionally rely on synthetic polymers as active layers, posing challenges for developing fully sustainable devices. In this study, we introduce a sustainable and efficient approach for fabricating all-cellulose triboelectric nanogenerators (C-TENGs) for energy harvesting and smart home applications. Regenerated cellulose films (RCFs) were prepared from bleached wood pulp via a dissolution-regeneration process using a concentrated lithium bromide solution as the solvent, yielding flexible, low-weight films with excellent mechanical strength. To tune its triboelectric properties, the RCF surface was chemically functionalized using silane coupling agents bearing electron-donating or electron-withdrawing groups. Pairing the most triboelectrically positive and negative RCFs in a C-TENG configuration resulted in superior performance in energy harvesting and demonstrated strong potential for self-powered sensors for smart home systems. This study presents a high-performance and eco-friendly alternative to conventional synthetic-polymer-based TENGs and establishes a promising platform for green energy harvesting and Internet of Things applications.
{"title":"All-cellulose triboelectric nanogenerators for sustainable energy harvesting and self-powered sensing in smart home applications","authors":"Jiansong Chen , Pengfei Chen , Haishun Du , Xiaoxue Zhang , Yi-Cheng Wang , Xudong Wang , Xuejun Pan","doi":"10.1016/j.matt.2025.102633","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matt.2025.102633","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) traditionally rely on synthetic polymers as active layers, posing challenges for developing fully sustainable devices. In this study, we introduce a sustainable and efficient approach for fabricating all-cellulose triboelectric nanogenerators (C-TENGs) for energy harvesting and smart home applications. Regenerated cellulose films (RCFs) were prepared from bleached wood pulp via a dissolution-regeneration process using a concentrated lithium bromide solution as the solvent, yielding flexible, low-weight films with excellent mechanical strength. To tune its triboelectric properties, the RCF surface was chemically functionalized using silane coupling agents bearing electron-donating or electron-withdrawing groups. Pairing the most triboelectrically positive and negative RCFs in a C-TENG configuration resulted in superior performance in energy harvesting and demonstrated strong potential for self-powered sensors for smart home systems. This study presents a high-performance and eco-friendly alternative to conventional synthetic-polymer-based TENGs and establishes a promising platform for green energy harvesting and Internet of Things applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":388,"journal":{"name":"Matter","volume":"9 3","pages":"Article 102633"},"PeriodicalIF":17.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147417915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Emerging as an advancement beyond single-atom catalysts (SACs), dual-atom catalysts (DACs) incorporate atomically dispersed dual active sites with enhanced structural complexity and electronic tunability, making them promising candidates for broader catalytic applications. This comprehensive review systematically summarizes recent advances in high-performance DACs for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) applications. Following an analysis of the fundamental ORR mechanism, we classify DACs into two categories according to their functions: (1) cooperative DACs and (2) auxiliary DACs. Standardized characterization procedures for identifying dual-atom configurations are discussed. Most importantly, this review highlights how to precisely tailor the electronic and geometric structures of DACs, thereby offering guidance for the design and optimization of DACs in ORR. Finally, it presents the primary limitations and future breakthrough directions for advanced diatomic electrocatalysts.
{"title":"Dual-atom catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction","authors":"Junmou Chen , Yu Lu , Fanchao Zhang , Xin Xiao , Qiang Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.matt.2025.102532","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matt.2025.102532","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Emerging as an advancement beyond single-atom catalysts (SACs), dual-atom catalysts (DACs) incorporate atomically dispersed dual active sites with enhanced structural complexity and electronic tunability, making them promising candidates for broader catalytic applications. This comprehensive review systematically summarizes recent advances in high-performance DACs for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) applications. Following an analysis of the fundamental ORR mechanism, we classify DACs into two categories according to their functions: (1) cooperative DACs and (2) auxiliary DACs. Standardized characterization procedures for identifying dual-atom configurations are discussed. Most importantly, this review highlights how to precisely tailor the electronic and geometric structures of DACs, thereby offering guidance for the design and optimization of DACs in ORR. Finally, it presents the primary limitations and future breakthrough directions for advanced diatomic electrocatalysts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":388,"journal":{"name":"Matter","volume":"9 3","pages":"Article 102532"},"PeriodicalIF":17.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147417772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-04Epub Date: 2026-02-18DOI: 10.1016/j.matt.2025.102616
Zhaleh Atoufi , Lukas Marcos Celada , Maria Fernanda Cortes Ruiz , Julien Billon , Lars Wågberg , Peter Olsén
The ability to tailor the charge on cellulose-rich fibers is central to converting this important bioresource into high-end materials. However, increasing the charge often compromises the nanostructural integrity, leading to partial dissolution at high substitution levels. This work presents a new synthetic strategy for enabling cellulose-rich fibers with high and tunable charge densities (1.4–6.7 mmol/g). The method relies on radical transfer grafting via to and from polymerization of acrylic acid from thiolated fibers in water, with detailed analysis of each reaction step and how the surrounding system influences radical transfer. The resulting approach unites free radical polymerization with biopolymer science in a highly direct and versatile manner. We further show that the charged fibers perform exceptionally well in water remediation, reaching uptake values comparable to or exceeding state-of-the-art metal-organic framework (MOF) materials. This strategy offers a practical foundation for creating next-generation bio-based materials with tailored functions.
{"title":"Radical transfer grafting enables supercharged cellulose fibers with preserved nanostructure for water remediation","authors":"Zhaleh Atoufi , Lukas Marcos Celada , Maria Fernanda Cortes Ruiz , Julien Billon , Lars Wågberg , Peter Olsén","doi":"10.1016/j.matt.2025.102616","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matt.2025.102616","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The ability to tailor the charge on cellulose-rich fibers is central to converting this important bioresource into high-end materials. However, increasing the charge often compromises the nanostructural integrity, leading to partial dissolution at high substitution levels. This work presents a new synthetic strategy for enabling cellulose-rich fibers with high and tunable charge densities (1.4–6.7 mmol/g). The method relies on radical transfer grafting via to and from polymerization of acrylic acid from thiolated fibers in water, with detailed analysis of each reaction step and how the surrounding system influences radical transfer. The resulting approach unites free radical polymerization with biopolymer science in a highly direct and versatile manner. We further show that the charged fibers perform exceptionally well in water remediation, reaching uptake values comparable to or exceeding state-of-the-art metal-organic framework (MOF) materials. This strategy offers a practical foundation for creating next-generation bio-based materials with tailored functions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":388,"journal":{"name":"Matter","volume":"9 3","pages":"Article 102616"},"PeriodicalIF":17.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147417853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-04Epub Date: 2026-02-02DOI: 10.1016/j.matt.2025.102570
Song Wu , Xinhua Zheng , Shikai Liu , Bibo Han , Shengnan Wang , Rui Zhang , Aoyi Dong , Faxing Wang , Yuping Wu
Zinc-bromine (Zn-Br) batteries offer high energy density (∼430 Wh kg−1), low cost, and high safety, yet they suffer from Br cathode degradation and Zn anode side reactions, causing self-discharge and poor reversibility. Herein, an amphiphilic charge moderator (ACM) is introduced to concurrently stabilize both electrodes. Using cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTABr) as a representative model, the ACM redistributes charge flux at Zn interface, suppressing side reactions during Zn plating/stripping. It also anchored to the solid Br cathode by electrostatic interactions, preventing cathode dissolution and diffusion issues. The constructed static Zn-Br batteries with ACM-derived CTABr3 solid Br cathode and Zn@Cu anode deliver 15,000 stable cycles at 1 mAh cm−2, and the excellent performance can be extended to 50 mAh cm−2. A 200 mAh pouch cell maintains 800 cycles and over 200 cycles at 1,000 mAh, delivering ∼62 Wh kg−1 practical energy density. The battery module also integrates efficiently with renewable energy and exhibits exceptional safety.
锌溴（Zn-Br）电池具有高能量密度（~ 430 Wh kg−1）、低成本和高安全性的特点，但存在Br阴极降解和Zn阳极副反应，导致自放电和可逆性差。本文引入了一种两亲电荷慢化剂（ACM）来同时稳定两个电极。以十六烷基三甲基溴化铵（CTABr）为代表模型，在Zn界面重新分配电荷通量，抑制Zn镀/剥离过程中的副反应。它还通过静电相互作用固定在固体溴阴极上，防止阴极溶解和扩散问题。采用acm衍生的CTABr3固体Br阴极和Zn@Cu阳极构建的静态锌-Br电池在1 mAh cm - 2下可实现15000次稳定循环，性能可扩展至50 mAh cm - 2。200毫安时的袋状电池可维持800次循环，1000毫安时可维持200多次循环，提供~ 62 Wh kg−1的实际能量密度。电池模块还与可再生能源有效集成，并具有卓越的安全性。
{"title":"Dual-chemistry regulation by an amphiphilic charge moderator unlocks 15,000 cycles in zinc-bromine batteries","authors":"Song Wu , Xinhua Zheng , Shikai Liu , Bibo Han , Shengnan Wang , Rui Zhang , Aoyi Dong , Faxing Wang , Yuping Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.matt.2025.102570","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matt.2025.102570","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Zinc-bromine (Zn-Br) batteries offer high energy density (∼430 Wh kg<sup>−1</sup>), low cost, and high safety, yet they suffer from Br cathode degradation and Zn anode side reactions, causing self-discharge and poor reversibility. Herein, an amphiphilic charge moderator (ACM) is introduced to concurrently stabilize both electrodes. Using cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTABr) as a representative model, the ACM redistributes charge flux at Zn interface, suppressing side reactions during Zn plating/stripping. It also anchored to the solid Br cathode by electrostatic interactions, preventing cathode dissolution and diffusion issues. The constructed static Zn-Br batteries with ACM-derived CTABr<sub>3</sub> solid Br cathode and Zn@Cu anode deliver 15,000 stable cycles at 1 mAh cm<sup>−2</sup>, and the excellent performance can be extended to 50 mAh cm<sup>−2</sup>. A 200 mAh pouch cell maintains 800 cycles and over 200 cycles at 1,000 mAh, delivering ∼62 Wh kg<sup>−1</sup> practical energy density. The battery module also integrates efficiently with renewable energy and exhibits exceptional safety.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":388,"journal":{"name":"Matter","volume":"9 3","pages":"Article 102570"},"PeriodicalIF":17.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146135396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-04Epub Date: 2026-02-25DOI: 10.1016/j.matt.2025.102624
Kathryn Miller , Christopher B. Cooper
It remains challenging to curate data about the design, properties, and applications for a given class of materials across thousands of papers to identify emerging trends and efficiently train new artificial intelligence (AI) models. Here, we present a universal strategy for the automated curation and analysis of an annotated library of over 105 identified papers focused on a specific class of materials. Our streamlined two-step review process begins with a traditional Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) scoping review to create a database of relevant papers. This is followed by an automated tagging procedure that annotates papers based on key molecular design features, properties, and applications. We demonstrate this approach on the emerging field of dynamic polymers by generating the Dynamic Polymer Annotated Library (DPAL) and analyzing it through example case studies. Our approach enables extraction of design-relevant information about the material structure, properties, and applications.
{"title":"The Dynamic Polymer Annotated Library: An automated approach to curating materials science literature","authors":"Kathryn Miller , Christopher B. Cooper","doi":"10.1016/j.matt.2025.102624","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matt.2025.102624","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>It remains challenging to curate data about the design, properties, and applications for a given class of materials across thousands of papers to identify emerging trends and efficiently train new artificial intelligence (AI) models. Here, we present a universal strategy for the automated curation and analysis of an annotated library of over 10<sup>5</sup> identified papers focused on a specific class of materials. Our streamlined two-step review process begins with a traditional Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) scoping review to create a database of relevant papers. This is followed by an automated tagging procedure that annotates papers based on key molecular design features, properties, and applications. We demonstrate this approach on the emerging field of dynamic polymers by generating the Dynamic Polymer Annotated Library (DPAL) and analyzing it through example case studies. Our approach enables extraction of design-relevant information about the material structure, properties, and applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":388,"journal":{"name":"Matter","volume":"9 3","pages":"Article 102624"},"PeriodicalIF":17.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147279478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-04DOI: 10.1016/j.matt.2025.102634
Yijie Fan , Liyuan Chen , Jingning Zhang , Cong Liu , Linsu Liu , Ruizeng Luo , Shiwang Xie , Zhou Li , Yan Liu , Dan Luo
Nanomedicines (NMs) have demonstrated considerable promise in the treatment of diverse diseases. Their dynamic interactions with biological systems often trigger a cascade of complex physiological responses. Revealing the structure-activity relationships that underlie these interactions is critical for the rational design of safer and more effective nanotherapeutics. Among emerging two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials, black phosphorus (BP) has garnered increasing interest owing to its unique physicochemical properties and inherent biodegradability. Featuring a tunable bandgap, high carrier mobility, and excellent biocompatibility, BP exhibits significant potential in biomedical applications. Due to its multidimensional functional characteristics, BP can elicit a variety of distinct biological effects upon interfacing with biological systems, including oxidative stress, ionic disturbance, and immune activation. A comprehensive understanding of these regulatory effects and their underlying mechanisms will help promote the broader medical application and even clinical translation of BP-based NMs (BP NMs). In this review, we systematically summarize the application of BP as NMs in cancer treatment, tissue engineering, and regenerative medicine based on its intrinsic biological effects rather than carrier effects, and further elaborate the mechanisms underlying BP’s interactions with biological systems across these contexts. Comprehensively mapping the relationship between the structure, properties, and biological activity of BP will provide directions for the future design aimed at improving the safety and effectiveness of BP NMs.
{"title":"Black phosphorus-based nanomedicines","authors":"Yijie Fan , Liyuan Chen , Jingning Zhang , Cong Liu , Linsu Liu , Ruizeng Luo , Shiwang Xie , Zhou Li , Yan Liu , Dan Luo","doi":"10.1016/j.matt.2025.102634","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matt.2025.102634","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nanomedicines (NMs) have demonstrated considerable promise in the treatment of diverse diseases. Their dynamic interactions with biological systems often trigger a cascade of complex physiological responses. Revealing the structure-activity relationships that underlie these interactions is critical for the rational design of safer and more effective nanotherapeutics. Among emerging two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials, black phosphorus (BP) has garnered increasing interest owing to its unique physicochemical properties and inherent biodegradability. Featuring a tunable bandgap, high carrier mobility, and excellent biocompatibility, BP exhibits significant potential in biomedical applications. Due to its multidimensional functional characteristics, BP can elicit a variety of distinct biological effects upon interfacing with biological systems, including oxidative stress, ionic disturbance, and immune activation. A comprehensive understanding of these regulatory effects and their underlying mechanisms will help promote the broader medical application and even clinical translation of BP-based NMs (BP NMs). In this review, we systematically summarize the application of BP as NMs in cancer treatment, tissue engineering, and regenerative medicine based on its intrinsic biological effects rather than carrier effects, and further elaborate the mechanisms underlying BP’s interactions with biological systems across these contexts. Comprehensively mapping the relationship between the structure, properties, and biological activity of BP will provide directions for the future design aimed at improving the safety and effectiveness of BP NMs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":388,"journal":{"name":"Matter","volume":"9 3","pages":"Article 102634"},"PeriodicalIF":17.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147417762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-04Epub Date: 2026-02-20DOI: 10.1016/j.matt.2025.102618
Yunxia Hu , Mohsen Tamtaji , Mingjin Dai , Tsz Wing Tang , Jinghan Shen , Jun Wang , Zhaoli Gao , Nan Zhang , Liang An , Zhengtang Luo
The van der Waals (vdWs) integration of two-dimensional (2D) materials offers a versatile fabrication possibility for next-generation image sensors. However, there is a conflict between the desired small channel length and lateral device structures, superseding the depletion region, with a large footprint. Here, we propose a vdWs-integrated crossbar array structure utilizing a vertical 1T′/2H-MoTe2/ITO structure for visible and near-infrared imaging. Such a crossbar design employs 2H-MoTe2 layers as a vertical and adjustable atomic-scale channel with a large illumination area, which in turn effectively enhances the photoresponse. Additionally, the asymmetric electrode contacts consist of an ohmic contact in the 1T′/2H-MoTe2 homojunction and a Schottky contact on the other side, contributing to self-powered photodetection. With these designs, the self-powered responsivity and detectivity reach 4.6 A W−1 and 5.8 × 1013 cm Hz1/2W−1 with 23-nm channel thickness. This vdWs-integrated image sensor provides an alternative strategy for solving optimal performance and integration problems of 2D materials for the advancement of optoelectronics.
二维（2D）材料的范德华（vdWs）集成为下一代图像传感器的制造提供了多种可能性。然而，在期望的小通道长度和横向器件结构之间存在冲突，取代耗尽区，占用空间大。在这里，我们提出了一种利用垂直1T ' /2H-MoTe2/ITO结构的vdws集成交叉棒阵列结构，用于可见光和近红外成像。这种交叉杆设计利用2H-MoTe2层作为垂直可调的原子尺度通道，具有较大的照明面积，从而有效地增强了光响应。此外，不对称电极触点由1T ' /2H-MoTe2同质结中的欧姆触点和另一侧的肖特基触点组成，有助于自供电光检测。通过这些设计，自供电响应率和探测率达到4.6 A W−1和5.8 × 1013 cm Hz1/2W−1，通道厚度为23 nm。这种vdws集成图像传感器为解决二维材料的最佳性能和集成问题提供了一种替代策略，以促进光电子学的进步。
{"title":"Van der Waals-integrated crossbar arrays with adjustable atomic-scale channels for ultralow-power imaging","authors":"Yunxia Hu , Mohsen Tamtaji , Mingjin Dai , Tsz Wing Tang , Jinghan Shen , Jun Wang , Zhaoli Gao , Nan Zhang , Liang An , Zhengtang Luo","doi":"10.1016/j.matt.2025.102618","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matt.2025.102618","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The van der Waals (vdWs) integration of two-dimensional (2D) materials offers a versatile fabrication possibility for next-generation image sensors. However, there is a conflict between the desired small channel length and lateral device structures, superseding the depletion region, with a large footprint. Here, we propose a vdWs-integrated crossbar array structure utilizing a vertical 1T′/2H-MoTe<sub>2</sub>/ITO structure for visible and near-infrared imaging. Such a crossbar design employs 2H-MoTe<sub>2</sub> layers as a vertical and adjustable atomic-scale channel with a large illumination area, which in turn effectively enhances the photoresponse. Additionally, the asymmetric electrode contacts consist of an ohmic contact in the 1T′/2H-MoTe<sub>2</sub> homojunction and a Schottky contact on the other side, contributing to self-powered photodetection. With these designs, the self-powered responsivity and detectivity reach 4.6 A W<sup>−1</sup> and 5.8 × 10<sup>13</sup> cm Hz<sup>1/2</sup>W<sup>−1</sup> with 23-nm channel thickness. This vdWs-integrated image sensor provides an alternative strategy for solving optimal performance and integration problems of 2D materials for the advancement of optoelectronics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":388,"journal":{"name":"Matter","volume":"9 3","pages":"Article 102618"},"PeriodicalIF":17.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147417854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-04DOI: 10.1016/j.matt.2026.102659
Matteo L. Zaffalon, Andrea Fratelli, Taras V. Sekh, Emanuele Mazzola, Francesco Carulli, Francesco Bruni, Maryna I. Bodnarchuk, Francesco Meinardi, Luca Gironi, Maksym V. Kovalenko, Sergio Brovelli
Superfluorescence is a cooperative emission phenomenon arising from the coherent coupling of excited dipoles and has historically been observed only under optical excitation in carefully engineered quantum systems. Here, we report the first observation of superfluorescence triggered by ionizing radiation in lead-halide perovskite nanocrystal (NC) superlattices. Using CsPbBr3 NC assemblies with long-range structural and electronic order, we show that secondary electrons generated by high-energy photons can induce intense cooperative emission bursts with an unprecedented scintillation lifetime of ∼40 ps, defining a new class of coherent scintillating metamaterials. Side-by-side optical and scintillation measurements reveal a direct analogy between ionizing and intense optical excitation, both producing high excitonic densities that drive superfluorescent emission at mild, technologically accessible cryogenic temperatures. The finding that stochastic ionization cascades can seed coherent many-body optical responses with radiatively accelerated luminescence and large Stokes shifts establishes a pathway toward ultrafast, reabsorption-free, quantum-ordered scintillators for next-generation radiation detectors.
{"title":"Radiation-triggered superfluorescent scintillation in quantum-ordered perovskite nanocrystal superlattices","authors":"Matteo L. Zaffalon, Andrea Fratelli, Taras V. Sekh, Emanuele Mazzola, Francesco Carulli, Francesco Bruni, Maryna I. Bodnarchuk, Francesco Meinardi, Luca Gironi, Maksym V. Kovalenko, Sergio Brovelli","doi":"10.1016/j.matt.2026.102659","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matt.2026.102659","url":null,"abstract":"Superfluorescence is a cooperative emission phenomenon arising from the coherent coupling of excited dipoles and has historically been observed only under optical excitation in carefully engineered quantum systems. Here, we report the first observation of superfluorescence triggered by ionizing radiation in lead-halide perovskite nanocrystal (NC) superlattices. Using CsPbBr<sub>3</sub> NC assemblies with long-range structural and electronic order, we show that secondary electrons generated by high-energy photons can induce intense cooperative emission bursts with an unprecedented scintillation lifetime of ∼40 ps, defining a new class of coherent scintillating metamaterials. Side-by-side optical and scintillation measurements reveal a direct analogy between ionizing and intense optical excitation, both producing high excitonic densities that drive superfluorescent emission at mild, technologically accessible cryogenic temperatures. The finding that stochastic ionization cascades can seed coherent many-body optical responses with radiatively accelerated luminescence and large Stokes shifts establishes a pathway toward ultrafast, reabsorption-free, quantum-ordered scintillators for next-generation radiation detectors.","PeriodicalId":388,"journal":{"name":"Matter","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147359817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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