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The Use of Crowdfunding and Social Media Platforms in Strategic Start-up Communication: A Big-data Analysis 众筹和社交媒体平台在战略创业传播中的应用:大数据分析
Q1 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2022-03-15 DOI: 10.1080/1553118X.2022.2032079
Sun-Young Park, B. T. Loo
ABSTRACT Utilizing big-data analytics for crowdfunding platforms (e.g., AngelList and Crunchbase) and social media sites (e.g., Facebook and Twitter), this study investigates the impact of social media marketing on the start-up fundraising success through the lens of social capital theory. The results show that cognitive, structural, and relational dimensions of social capital sources served as predictors of fundraising for start-ups. Specifically, shared values (e.g., the number of followers, the number of investors of start-up companies) and attention (e.g., product/service descriptions and videos), which account for the cognitive dimension, positively led to the increased amount of investor funding. Trust (e.g., the quality rating, the number of rounds of funding, and the number of investors) as the subconstruct of the relational dimension was a determinant of fundraising. Social interaction ties (e.g., the number of likes, the number of social media followers) were found to increase the amount of funding as an aspect of the structural dimension. The results of a further analysis demonstrate a process of social capital formation by examining the effect of social interaction ties on the amount of funding mediated by shared values and trust. The current study contributes to extend knowledge on the start-up communication aligned with a resource-driven view of strategy.
本研究通过对众筹平台(如AngelList和Crunchbase)和社交媒体网站(如Facebook和Twitter)的大数据分析,从社会资本理论的角度探讨了社交媒体营销对初创企业融资成功的影响。结果表明,社会资本来源的认知、结构和关系维度对创业公司融资具有预测作用。具体来说,共同的价值观(如关注者的数量,创业公司的投资者的数量)和关注(如产品/服务的描述和视频),占认知维度,正导致投资者资金的增加。信任(例如,质量评级、融资轮数和投资者数量)作为关系维度的子结构是筹资的决定因素。社会互动关系(例如,点赞的数量,社交媒体关注者的数量)作为结构维度的一个方面被发现会增加资金的数量。进一步分析的结果通过检验社会互动关系对共同价值观和信任介导的资金数量的影响,展示了社会资本形成的过程。当前的研究有助于扩展与资源驱动战略观点一致的创业沟通知识。
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引用次数: 1
Relationship Cultivation and Social Capital: Female Transnational Entrepreneurs’ Relationship-Based Communication on Social Media 关系培养与社会资本:女性跨国企业家在社交媒体上基于关系的沟通
Q1 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2022-03-15 DOI: 10.1080/1553118X.2021.2005069
Z. Chen, June Y. Lee
ABSTRACT Drawing on interdisciplinary insights from relationship management theory, social capital theory, and transnational entrepreneurship literature, this study explores how Korean-American female transnational entrepreneurs (FTEs) cultivate relationships with their publics and identify and build social capital on social media. In-depth interviews with 16 Korean American FTEs who are social media-based, small-business owners in the San Francisco Bay Area and Silicon Valley revealed that FTEs identified customers, business partners, and social media influencers as their key publics. Findings also revealed that in addition to FTEs’ unique practices of relationship cultivation strategies identified in existing literature (e.g., networking, sharing tasks, being unconditionally supportive, saying win–win or no deal), new strategies (e.g., sharing identity and interest, proactive outreach, and focusing on social over parasocial relationships) were also discovered. FTEs had the essential need for bonding social capital with the supplement of bridging social capital garnered on social media. Findings also showed the transnational nature of structural and relational social capital, as well as the importance of cultural heritage in cognitive social capital. Theoretical and practical implications were discussed.
摘要本研究利用关系管理理论、社会资本理论和跨国创业文献的跨学科见解,探讨韩裔美国女性跨国企业家(FTEs)如何培养与公众的关系,并在社交媒体上识别和建立社会资本。对在旧金山湾区和硅谷从事社交媒体业务的16名韩裔外派员工进行深度采访的结果显示,外派员工将顾客、业务伙伴、社交媒体影响力者视为他们的主要对象。研究结果还显示,除了现有文献中确定的fte独特的关系培养策略(例如,建立网络,分担任务,无条件支持,说双赢或不交易)之外,还发现了新的策略(例如,分享身份和兴趣,主动拓展,关注社会关系而不是准社会关系)。fte需要将社会资本结合起来,并补充在社交媒体上获得的桥梁社会资本。研究结果还显示了结构和关系社会资本的跨国性质,以及文化遗产在认知社会资本中的重要性。讨论了理论和实践意义。
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引用次数: 1
Understanding Start-up Employees’ Communicative Behaviors on an Employer Review Website: A Comparison of TikTok and Snapchat 了解创业公司员工在雇主评论网站上的交流行为:TikTok和Snapchat的比较
Q1 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2022-03-15 DOI: 10.1080/1553118X.2021.2011732
Soojin Kim, Lisa Tam, Seung Bach
ABSTRACT To provide insights into start-ups’ reputation management, this study aims to explore how employees of a start-up, being, in a broad sense, an entrepreneurial firm, evaluate their employer on an employer review platform. Specifically, it compares the reputational opportunities and challenges of TikTok as a start-up and Snapchat as a more established company in the same industry. It explores the cognitive and evaluative representations employees associate with their employers in reviews. To do this, a total of 644 English-language employee reviews were collected from Glassdoor, an employer review platform on which former and current employees anonymously post reviews about their organizations. Content analysis was then conducted, unveiling 14 thematic topics. The top three most frequently mentioned topics were work environment, co-workers, and salaries and benefits. A comparison of the two companies showed that TikTok received a proportionately higher number of positive reviews about career progression opportunities, work environment, and office and location. However, it also received proportionately more negative reviews on work arrangements, salaries and benefits, and intrinsic rewards. Theoretical and empirical implications are discussed.
摘要为了深入了解初创企业的声誉管理,本研究旨在探讨广义上的创业型企业——初创企业的员工如何在雇主评价平台上评价他们的雇主。具体来说,它比较了TikTok作为一家初创公司和Snapchat作为同行业中更成熟的公司在声誉方面的机遇和挑战。它探讨了员工在评估中与雇主联系的认知和评价表征。为此,调查人员从雇主评论平台Glassdoor收集了644份英文员工评论。Glassdoor是一个雇主评论平台,前任和现任员工可以在该平台上匿名发表对公司的评论。然后进行了内容分析,揭示了14个主题。最常被提及的三个话题是工作环境、同事和工资福利。两家公司的比较显示,TikTok在职业发展机会、工作环境、办公地点等方面获得的正面评价比例更高。然而,在工作安排、工资福利和内在奖励方面,它也相应地得到了更多的负面评价。讨论了理论和实证意义。
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引用次数: 1
Welcoming Newcomers in Start-Ups: Challenges for Strategic Internal Communication 在初创企业中欢迎新人:战略内部沟通面临的挑战
Q1 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2022-03-15 DOI: 10.1080/1553118X.2022.2032716
Mia Thyregod Rasmussen
ABSTRACT Start-ups operating under conditions of uncertainty and limited resources face several challenges for strategic internal communication. Meanwhile, their efforts in welcoming newcomers are of vital importance for the achievement of organisational success. This study investigates what the start-up context means for strategic organisational entry communication. Following a review of research at the intersection of HRM and entrepreneurship with implications for strategic entry communication, entrepreneurs and newcomers in six start-ups were interviewed. A thematic analysis resulted in the identification of three themes of challenges for strategic communication connected to welcoming newcomers in start-ups, namely: Aspects related to the overall organisational context and situation, aspects related to newcomers’ job content and design, and finally entrepreneurs’ communication skills, knowledge, and time resources. The discussion shows implications of the start-up context for strategic organisational entry communication as regards opportunities for strategic communication, as well as the content and form of the strategic entry communication. The study contributes to the body of knowledge on strategic communication in start-ups by drawing on research from the intersection of HRM and entrepreneurship, as well as generating new empirical insights highlighting challenges to strategic internal communication in start-ups, especially for the purpose of welcoming newcomers.
在不确定和资源有限的条件下运营的初创企业面临着战略内部沟通的几个挑战。与此同时,他们欢迎新人的努力对实现组织的成功至关重要。本研究探讨创业情境对策略性组织入职沟通的意义。在回顾了人力资源管理和企业家精神的交叉研究及其对战略进入沟通的影响之后,对六家初创企业的企业家和新人进行了采访。通过主题分析,确定了与初创企业欢迎新人相关的战略沟通挑战的三个主题,即:与整体组织背景和情况有关的方面,与新人的工作内容和设计有关的方面,以及企业家的沟通技巧、知识和时间资源。讨论显示了创业背景对战略组织进入沟通的影响,就战略沟通的机会而言,以及战略进入沟通的内容和形式。该研究通过借鉴人力资源管理和创业交叉领域的研究,为初创企业的战略沟通知识体系做出了贡献,并产生了新的实证见解,突出了初创企业战略内部沟通的挑战,特别是为了欢迎新人。
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引用次数: 0
Carving Start-up Character: Effects of Symmetrical Communication on Start-up Corporate Character, Customer-Start-up Identification, and Customer Advocacy 雕刻创业性格:对称沟通对创业企业性格、客户-创业认同、客户倡导的影响
Q1 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2022-03-15 DOI: 10.1080/1553118X.2021.2014502
Y. Ji, Z. Chen, L. Men
ABSTRACT This study took a personification approach and examined how strategic communication influences the development of startup corporate character and associated outcomes in China. Specifically, it examined the relationships among startups’ symmetrical communication model, startup characters of agreeableness, enterprise, competence, and ruthlessness, customer identification with the startup, and eventually, customer advocacy. Results from an online survey with 641 startup customers in China revealed the importance of practicing symmetrical communication at startups, which effectively helps shape startup character. In turn, startup corporate character would affect customer identification with the startup, which eventually contributes to customer advocacy. This study provides valuable theoretical grounds to advance the growing literature on corporate character, stakeholders-organization identification, and symmetrical communication, emphasizing a unique startup context in the culturally distinctive market of China. It also provides practical insights for startup leaders, communication practitioners, and entrepreneurs on how to build a favorable corporate character, strengthen connections with customers, and win support from customers.
摘要本研究采用拟人研究方法,考察了战略沟通对中国初创企业性格发展的影响及其相关结果。具体而言,研究了创业公司的对称沟通模式、创业公司的宜人性、企业性、竞争力和无情性特征、客户对创业公司的认同以及最终与客户支持之间的关系。一项针对中国641家初创企业客户的在线调查结果显示,在初创企业中练习对称沟通的重要性,这有效地帮助塑造了初创企业的性格。反过来,创业公司的企业性格会影响顾客对创业公司的认同,最终促成顾客的拥护。本研究为企业性格、利益相关者-组织认同和对称沟通等方面的研究提供了有价值的理论基础,并强调了中国文化独特市场中独特的创业环境。同时也为创业领导者、传播从业者、创业者提供了如何塑造良好的企业形象、加强与客户的联系、赢得客户支持的实用见解。
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引用次数: 1
Narrative Start-up Identity Construction as Strategic Communication 作为战略传播的叙事创业身份建构
Q1 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2022-03-15 DOI: 10.1080/1553118X.2022.2027772
Sanna Ala-Kortesmaa, Tomi Laapotti, Leena Mikkola
ABSTRACT In this qualitative case study, positioning itself within the social constructionist approach, we aimed to investigate and interpret identity narration and organizational identity in strategic external and internal communication at the health technology startup company Naava Group Oy. By analyzing three different datasets (Twitter, blog posts, and interviews), we examined how organizational identity was emerged and which way it was strategic in storytelling and narratives. The results indicate that the startup's strategic social media identity storytelling seemed strategically crafted, as various voices were detected to narrate the same stories that repeated the same narrative content. The study also interestingly reveals that the four identities emerging from narrative storytelling were interpermeable and strongly connected to the narratives’ content. The social media narratives and identities varied slightly during the 8-year period that the datasets, in total, covered. However, the identities communicated on social media were more coherent than the internal identities expressed by employees. The findings suggest that, in strong startup identity creation, the cohesiveness of the identity storytelling, the voices that narrate the identity construction, and the content and temporal dimensions of the narrated stories are strategic key factors.
在这个定性案例研究中,我们定位于社会建构主义方法,旨在调查和解释健康技术创业公司Naava Group Oy的战略外部和内部沟通中的身份叙事和组织认同。通过分析三个不同的数据集(Twitter、博客文章和访谈),我们研究了组织身份是如何出现的,以及它在讲故事和叙述中的战略方式。结果表明,这家初创公司的社交媒体身份叙事策略似乎是经过精心策划的,因为他们发现了不同的声音,讲述相同的故事,重复相同的叙事内容。有趣的是,该研究还揭示了叙事性故事中出现的四种身份是相互渗透的,并且与叙事内容密切相关。总的来说,在数据集涵盖的8年期间,社交媒体的叙述和身份略有不同。然而,在社交媒体上沟通的身份比员工表达的内部身份更连贯。研究结果表明,在强势创业公司身份创作中,身份叙事的凝聚力、身份构建的叙事声音、叙事故事的内容和时间维度是战略关键因素。
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引用次数: 1
Assembling the Start-up Brand: A Process Framework for Understanding Strategic Communication Challenges 打造创业品牌:理解战略传播挑战的过程框架
Q1 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2022-03-15 DOI: 10.1080/1553118X.2021.1976784
Vidhi Chaudhri, J. Pridmore, C. Mauck
ABSTRACT The proliferation of start-ups and their contribution to the global economy is well-documented as is their high failure rate, a paradox attributable in large part to the inadequate attention start-ups ascribe to establishing a strong brand. Premised on the idea that brand-building is an active process of meaning-making and an assemblage of layers of professional and material activities, our study offers an empirically grounded approach to start-up branding. Based on an inductive analysis of interviews with co-founders of 15 start-up and scale-up brands, we propose a process framework of start-up branding that highlights the strategic communication processes by which entrepreneurs bring their products to market. Through this contribution, we make clear that entrepreneurial brand building is not a one-size-fits all process and that there is no linear pathway. While the framework is not predictive of success, it is indicative of a new formulation of how strategic communication can be used to understand and evaluate brand processes within entrepreneurial organizations.
摘要初创企业的激增及其对全球经济的贡献以及它们的高失败率都有充分的记录,这一悖论在很大程度上归因于初创企业对建立强大品牌的关注不足。基于品牌建设是一个积极的意义创造过程,是专业和物质活动层次的集合这一观点,我们的研究为初创企业品牌塑造提供了一种基于经验的方法。基于对15个初创企业和扩大规模品牌联合创始人的访谈的归纳分析,我们提出了一个初创企业品牌塑造的流程框架,该框架强调了企业家将产品推向市场的战略沟通过程。通过这一贡献,我们清楚地表明,创业品牌建设不是一个一刀切的过程,也不存在线性路径。虽然该框架不能预测成功,但它表明了如何利用战略沟通来理解和评估创业组织内的品牌流程的新提法。
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引用次数: 3
Start-up and Entrepreneurial Communication 创业与创业交流
Q1 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2022-03-15 DOI: 10.1080/1553118X.2022.2040165
A. Godulla, L. Men
ABSTRACT This editorial introduces start-ups as critical drivers of growth in modern economies and gives an overview on existing research about young and innovative companies in the field of strategic communication. It also provides an overview of the articles published in this special issue.
摘要:这篇社论介绍了初创企业作为现代经济增长的关键驱动力,并概述了战略传播领域对年轻和创新企业的现有研究。它还概述了本期特刊中发表的文章。
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引用次数: 1
Analogies in Entrepreneurial Communication and Strategic Communication: Definition, Delimitation of Research Programs and Future Research 创业传播与战略传播的类比:研究项目的定义、界定与未来研究
Q1 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2022-03-15 DOI: 10.1080/1553118X.2021.2015689
Britta M. Gossel
ABSTRACT This article aims to build a better understanding of entrepreneurial communication and strategic communication. The term entrepreneurial is finding its way into the discussion of communication science in general and strategic communication in particular, for example, through the consideration of startups. So far, the term entrepreneurial communication remains vague, is hardly defined and is not systematically distinguished from strategic communication. By applying an analogies lens in the context of problematizing, differences between the terms entrepreneurial and strategic in entrepreneurial communication and strategic communication are explored based on selected given definitions. As a result, three unifying dimensions – development stage, mode, and logic – are developed to highlight fundamental differences between the two terms. To create potential for a future creation of entrepreneurial communication as research program, and to elaborate on future potential for strategic communication in relation to this, central theoretical approaches in entrepreneurship research and their potential to research entrepreneurial communication are explored.
本文旨在更好地理解创业传播和战略传播。“创业”一词正在进入一般传播科学的讨论,特别是战略传播的讨论,例如,通过对创业公司的考虑。到目前为止,创业传播这个术语仍然是模糊的,几乎没有定义,也没有系统地将其与战略传播区分开来。通过在问题化背景下运用类比视角,基于选定的给定定义,探讨了创业沟通和战略沟通中创业和战略这两个术语之间的差异。因此,三个统一的维度——发展阶段、模式和逻辑——被开发出来,以突出这两个术语之间的根本区别。为了创造未来创业传播作为研究项目的潜力,并详细阐述与此相关的战略传播的未来潜力,本文探索了创业研究的核心理论方法及其研究创业传播的潜力。
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引用次数: 2
The Role of Internal Communication in Start-ups: State of Research and Practical Approaches 内部沟通在初创企业中的作用:研究现状和实践方法
Q1 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2022-03-15 DOI: 10.1080/1553118X.2021.2023544
Cornelia Wolf, A. Godulla, L. Beck, Lea Neubert
ABSTRACT Start-ups differ from established organizations in having limited routines and undergoing constant change that shapes their communicative structures. Although they are dependent on successful internal communication, its importance as a strategic discipline seems underestimated in practice. In addition, research on internal communication in start-ups has so far only focused on several sub-areas. In this article, internal communication is, in a first step, defined as a subdiscipline of strategic communication and elaborated on from the perspective of the Four Flows Model in order to allow a holistic view on internal communication. Secondly, we ask what role is attributed to strategic internal communication in start-ups across different stages of development in academic research and practice. Answers are provided through a multi-method design consisting of a systematic literature review in the fields of strategic communication, business management, and entrepreneurship, and 12 guided interviews with representatives of start-ups. Although both literature and interviewees identify internal communication as crucial to the success of start-ups, it mainly results from routine and is rarely strategically derived or evaluated. This study provides a more detailed insight into the role of strategic communication in start-ups, to which further studies can refer in order to fill the research gaps discussed.
初创企业与老牌组织的不同之处在于,它们的日常活动有限,并且不断发生变化,从而形成了它们的沟通结构。尽管它们依赖于成功的内部沟通,但在实践中,它作为一门战略学科的重要性似乎被低估了。此外,到目前为止,对初创企业内部沟通的研究只集中在几个子领域。在本文中,内部沟通首先被定义为战略沟通的一个分支学科,并从四流模型的角度进行了阐述,以便对内部沟通有一个全面的看法。其次,我们询问在学术研究和实践的不同发展阶段,初创企业的战略内部沟通发挥了什么作用。答案是通过多方法设计提供的,包括战略沟通、企业管理和创业领域的系统文献综述,以及对初创企业代表的12次指导性访谈。尽管文献和受访者都认为内部沟通对初创企业的成功至关重要,但它主要源于日常活动,很少从战略上得到或评估。这项研究对战略沟通在初创企业中的作用提供了更详细的见解,可以参考进一步的研究来填补所讨论的研究空白。
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引用次数: 2
期刊
International Journal of Strategic Communication
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