Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1353/isia.2023.a908962
Paul Gosling
ABSTRACT: Debates around the constitutional future of Northern Ireland quite rightly consider the cost of living and quality of life compared to that in the Republic of Ireland. But there is no simple answer as to who is better off within the two jurisdictions, nor when comparing with Great Britain. Average pay is highest in Ireland and lowest in Northern Ireland, while living costs are higher in Ireland. Inflation has particularly hit people in Northern Ireland, with costs going up much faster than pay. Welfare benefits are more generous in Ireland than in the UK, including Northern Ireland. The quality of public service provision varies between the jurisdictions, with Ireland outperforming Northern Ireland in terms of education and skills. Long waiting lists and waiting times undermine the principle of free healthcare in Northern Ireland, while Ireland is reforming its health system to extend the provision of free care.
{"title":"Who is Better Off: the Irish, the Northern Irish or the British? A Regional Economic Comparison","authors":"Paul Gosling","doi":"10.1353/isia.2023.a908962","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/isia.2023.a908962","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT: Debates around the constitutional future of Northern Ireland quite rightly consider the cost of living and quality of life compared to that in the Republic of Ireland. But there is no simple answer as to who is better off within the two jurisdictions, nor when comparing with Great Britain. Average pay is highest in Ireland and lowest in Northern Ireland, while living costs are higher in Ireland. Inflation has particularly hit people in Northern Ireland, with costs going up much faster than pay. Welfare benefits are more generous in Ireland than in the UK, including Northern Ireland. The quality of public service provision varies between the jurisdictions, with Ireland outperforming Northern Ireland in terms of education and skills. Long waiting lists and waiting times undermine the principle of free healthcare in Northern Ireland, while Ireland is reforming its health system to extend the provision of free care.","PeriodicalId":39181,"journal":{"name":"Irish Studies in International Affairs","volume":"135 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136207981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1353/isia.2023.a910145
Clayton Ó Néill, Andrea Mulligan
ABSTRACT: This article considers how health law operates on the island of Ireland, including some of its key issues: (1) capacity, (2) abortion and (3) clinical negligence. The healthcare and political context in both jurisdictions is discussed, as well as cross-border initiatives and arrangements. In relation to capacity, the article points to new legislation that has been introduced in the two jurisdictions and considers how it reflects (or does not reflect) the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. Parallels and divergences of legislative change in respect of abortion are analysed, including approaches to process and implementation of change. The law on clinical negligence is critiqued in relation to standard of care, breach of duty, causation and quantum of damages and civil procedure. The article identifies convergences and divergences in terms of administration/procedure, legislation and context, but highlights a shared movement towards more human rights-oriented change and reform.
{"title":"Health Law: Convergence and Divergence on the Island of Ireland","authors":"Clayton Ó Néill, Andrea Mulligan","doi":"10.1353/isia.2023.a910145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/isia.2023.a910145","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT: This article considers how health law operates on the island of Ireland, including some of its key issues: (1) capacity, (2) abortion and (3) clinical negligence. The healthcare and political context in both jurisdictions is discussed, as well as cross-border initiatives and arrangements. In relation to capacity, the article points to new legislation that has been introduced in the two jurisdictions and considers how it reflects (or does not reflect) the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. Parallels and divergences of legislative change in respect of abortion are analysed, including approaches to process and implementation of change. The law on clinical negligence is critiqued in relation to standard of care, breach of duty, causation and quantum of damages and civil procedure. The article identifies convergences and divergences in terms of administration/procedure, legislation and context, but highlights a shared movement towards more human rights-oriented change and reform.","PeriodicalId":39181,"journal":{"name":"Irish Studies in International Affairs","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134884630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1353/isia.2023.a908963
Philip McGuinness
ABSTRACT: Northern Ireland’s elections have always been fought over whether that polity should remain in the UK or become part of a united Ireland. Since 1970 a fluctuating proportion of the electorate have voted for such parties as the Alliance and Green parties, which are currently neutral on this constitutional issue. Previous studies of PR-STV transfers have tended to focus on overall transfers to parties; this paper analyses the transfers from these two parties in the 2023 local government elections, in count distributions where both nationalist and unionist bloc candidates were available. The analysis shows that nationalists benefited disproportionally from these transfers. It is estimated that most of Northern Ireland’s voters gave either a first preference or their highest non-Other preference to nationalist bloc candidates. Opportunities and challenges facing reunificationists and unionists are discussed in the new context of a nationalist bloc vote plurality amid increasing calls for a border poll.
{"title":"The Greening of the Others: The Destination of Alliance and Green Party Transfers in the 2023 Northern Ireland Local Government Elections","authors":"Philip McGuinness","doi":"10.1353/isia.2023.a908963","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/isia.2023.a908963","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT: Northern Ireland’s elections have always been fought over whether that polity should remain in the UK or become part of a united Ireland. Since 1970 a fluctuating proportion of the electorate have voted for such parties as the Alliance and Green parties, which are currently neutral on this constitutional issue. Previous studies of PR-STV transfers have tended to focus on overall transfers to parties; this paper analyses the transfers from these two parties in the 2023 local government elections, in count distributions where both nationalist and unionist bloc candidates were available. The analysis shows that nationalists benefited disproportionally from these transfers. It is estimated that most of Northern Ireland’s voters gave either a first preference or their highest non-Other preference to nationalist bloc candidates. Opportunities and challenges facing reunificationists and unionists are discussed in the new context of a nationalist bloc vote plurality amid increasing calls for a border poll.","PeriodicalId":39181,"journal":{"name":"Irish Studies in International Affairs","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136206958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1353/isia.2023.a909983
Tajma Kapic, Eileen Connolly, John Doyle
ABSTRACT: This article explores changes in public policy and services with a strong gender dimension in the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland since the Good Friday Agreement, in terms of an observed gap between actual policy and service provision and activists’ views. On abortion services, welfare benefits, levels of poverty, and gender recognition and transgender rights, the Republic’s policy framework and supports are more focused on gender equality than the equivalent regimes in Northern Ireland. Perceptions of equality issues have changed in the aftermath of the abortion and marriage equality referenda in the South, but the level of detailed knowledge of policy on the ‘other’ side of the border is low, even for those active in women’s organisations. Cross-border perceptions were often not supported by contemporary evidence. This comparative analysis shows that in the Republic, policy and practice have produced stronger gender equality outcomes in almost every area of the women’s rights agenda.
{"title":"Looking Across the Border: Comparing Gendered Policy Frameworks","authors":"Tajma Kapic, Eileen Connolly, John Doyle","doi":"10.1353/isia.2023.a909983","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/isia.2023.a909983","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT: This article explores changes in public policy and services with a strong gender dimension in the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland since the Good Friday Agreement, in terms of an observed gap between actual policy and service provision and activists’ views. On abortion services, welfare benefits, levels of poverty, and gender recognition and transgender rights, the Republic’s policy framework and supports are more focused on gender equality than the equivalent regimes in Northern Ireland. Perceptions of equality issues have changed in the aftermath of the abortion and marriage equality referenda in the South, but the level of detailed knowledge of policy on the ‘other’ side of the border is low, even for those active in women’s organisations. Cross-border perceptions were often not supported by contemporary evidence. This comparative analysis shows that in the Republic, policy and practice have produced stronger gender equality outcomes in almost every area of the women’s rights agenda.","PeriodicalId":39181,"journal":{"name":"Irish Studies in International Affairs","volume":"193 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134882508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1353/isia.2023.a910323
Mary Dobbs, Sarah E. Hamill, Robin Hickey
ABSTRACT: This article, which is part of the North–South Legal Mapping Project, considers land law and land use in each jurisdiction on the island of Ireland. The first part provides a sketch of the basic structures of land law, identifying a remarkable level of convergence (or, more accurately, absence of divergence), which is only partially qualified by recent comprehensive land law reform in Ireland, notwithstanding the absence of comparable reforms in Northern Ireland. The second part considers land use, where there is greater (and increasing) potential for divergence, particularly in environmental governance. The article sketches and explains core influencing factors that have shaped the evolution of environmental governance on the island to date, before considering how Brexit and subsequent developments impact regulatory alignment across the island. It focuses on the issue of water protection and river basin management, in light of the three transboundary river basins on the island.
{"title":"Land Law and Land Use","authors":"Mary Dobbs, Sarah E. Hamill, Robin Hickey","doi":"10.1353/isia.2023.a910323","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/isia.2023.a910323","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT: This article, which is part of the North–South Legal Mapping Project, considers land law and land use in each jurisdiction on the island of Ireland. The first part provides a sketch of the basic structures of land law, identifying a remarkable level of convergence (or, more accurately, absence of divergence), which is only partially qualified by recent comprehensive land law reform in Ireland, notwithstanding the absence of comparable reforms in Northern Ireland. The second part considers land use, where there is greater (and increasing) potential for divergence, particularly in environmental governance. The article sketches and explains core influencing factors that have shaped the evolution of environmental governance on the island to date, before considering how Brexit and subsequent developments impact regulatory alignment across the island. It focuses on the issue of water protection and river basin management, in light of the three transboundary river basins on the island.","PeriodicalId":39181,"journal":{"name":"Irish Studies in International Affairs","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134884298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1353/isia.2023.a899832
Stephen Roulston, Martin Brown, Sammy Taggart, E. Eivers
{"title":"A Century of Growing Apart and Challenges of Coming Together: Education Across the Island of Ireland","authors":"Stephen Roulston, Martin Brown, Sammy Taggart, E. Eivers","doi":"10.1353/isia.2023.a899832","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/isia.2023.a899832","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39181,"journal":{"name":"Irish Studies in International Affairs","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66363832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1353/isia.2023.a900122
J. Todd, J. McEvoy, J. Doyle
{"title":"Time for Deliberation, not Decision, on the Shape of a New United Ireland: Evidence from the ARINS Survey Focus Groups","authors":"J. Todd, J. McEvoy, J. Doyle","doi":"10.1353/isia.2023.a900122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/isia.2023.a900122","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39181,"journal":{"name":"Irish Studies in International Affairs","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66363844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Editorial","authors":"Mervyn O’Driscoll","doi":"10.1353/isia.0.0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/isia.0.0012","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39181,"journal":{"name":"Irish Studies in International Affairs","volume":" ","pages":"-"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49129470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This review examines Ireland’s foreign relations in 2021. As the Covid-19 pandemic continued to complicate economic recovery and the pace of the vaccine rollout caused frustration, 2021 saw Ireland’s relations with the UK in particular severely tested. Brexit and its aftermath was a significant challenge to Anglo-Irish relations and the administration of Boris Johnson proved a difficult partner in Ireland’s trilateral relationship between Dublin, London and Brussels. The inauguration of Joseph R. Biden as president of the United States came under the cloud of the January 6th violence at the Capitol, and what could have been seen as a return to normalcy instead highlighted how fragile democracy could be. The review outlines how Ireland navigated this difficult path in 2021, including its year as a non-permanent member of the United Nations Security Council (UNSC). It also notes a number of significant deaths in the year, both in Ireland and abroad.
{"title":"Ireland’s Foreign Relations in 2021","authors":"Kenneth McDonagh","doi":"10.1353/isia.0.0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/isia.0.0011","url":null,"abstract":"This review examines Ireland’s foreign relations in 2021. As the Covid-19 pandemic continued to complicate economic recovery and the pace of the vaccine rollout caused frustration, 2021 saw Ireland’s relations with the UK in particular severely tested. Brexit and its aftermath was a significant challenge to Anglo-Irish relations and the administration of Boris Johnson proved a difficult partner in Ireland’s trilateral relationship between Dublin, London and Brussels. The inauguration of Joseph R. Biden as president of the United States came under the cloud of the January 6th violence at the Capitol, and what could have been seen as a return to normalcy instead highlighted how fragile democracy could be. The review outlines how Ireland navigated this difficult path in 2021, including its year as a non-permanent member of the United Nations Security Council (UNSC). It also notes a number of significant deaths in the year, both in Ireland and abroad.","PeriodicalId":39181,"journal":{"name":"Irish Studies in International Affairs","volume":" ","pages":"-"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41406805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kostas Pechynakis, G. Fragkos, Demetrios Zounis, Andreas Belegris, Zisis Veloukas, Effie Charalampaki
The Covid-19 pandemic triggered an alarm for the global economy with multidimensional consequences. The international political system is defined by multi-agent forces that foster transnational processes and market liquidity, which in turn create uncertainty and insecurity for state and non-state actors. In this environment of global shifts and emergent realities, small states face serious challenges while contributing to the creation of a multi-hierarchical global system in which small and middle powers question the hegemony of great powers. Ireland, like most small states, has had to deal with a ‘dual crisis’, one which demands a synthesis between both the European presence and a vision for a more global Ireland. This article combines neorealist and neoclassical realist analysis to examine small states’ response to global shifts: how they benefit from open economies, and how they use this openness to foster structural resilience to weather global uncertainty. Ireland is a successful open economy which other small states, like Greece, can learn from, being an international hub, a financial center and a globalised economy. We assess the cyclical and structural vulnerabilities and risks that come with a small open economy, such as structural macroeconomic shocks and the global financial cycles which will become more prominent in the post- Covid-19 era, so as to inform a policy perspective that could benefit the Greek economy. We conclude that a macro-prudential framework which incorporates ‘buffers’ and capitalises on the merits of trade, finance and migration, is the best avenue for small states in an uncertain world order.
{"title":"Openness, Resilience and Vulnerabilities in an Uncertain World","authors":"Kostas Pechynakis, G. Fragkos, Demetrios Zounis, Andreas Belegris, Zisis Veloukas, Effie Charalampaki","doi":"10.1353/isia.0.0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/isia.0.0010","url":null,"abstract":"The Covid-19 pandemic triggered an alarm for the global economy with multidimensional consequences. The international political system is defined by multi-agent forces that foster transnational processes and market liquidity, which in turn create uncertainty and insecurity for state and non-state actors. In this environment of global shifts and emergent realities, small states face serious challenges while contributing to the creation of a multi-hierarchical global system in which small and middle powers question the hegemony of great powers. Ireland, like most small states, has had to deal with a ‘dual crisis’, one which demands a synthesis between both the European presence and a vision for a more global Ireland. This article combines neorealist and neoclassical realist analysis to examine small states’ response to global shifts: how they benefit from open economies, and how they use this openness to foster structural resilience to weather global uncertainty. Ireland is a successful open economy which other small states, like Greece, can learn from, being an international hub, a financial center and a globalised economy. We assess the cyclical and structural vulnerabilities and risks that come with a small open economy, such as structural macroeconomic shocks and the global financial cycles which will become more prominent in the post- Covid-19 era, so as to inform a policy perspective that could benefit the Greek economy. We conclude that a macro-prudential framework which incorporates ‘buffers’ and capitalises on the merits of trade, finance and migration, is the best avenue for small states in an uncertain world order.","PeriodicalId":39181,"journal":{"name":"Irish Studies in International Affairs","volume":"1 1","pages":"-"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66363788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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