Pub Date : 2025-02-26DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2025.113178
Victoria Beltran , Andrea Marchetti , Steven de Meyer , Margje Leeuwestein , Christophe Sandt , Ferenc Borondics , Ligia Maria Moretto , Karolien De Wael
Eosin Y complexes find applications in several fields, including dye sensitized solar cells, medical therapies or artistic pigments. However, their lack of stability, leading to fading upon light exposure, hinders optimal performance. This study focuses on the natural ageing of aluminum (Eo-Al) and lead (Eo-Pb) eosin Y complexes. The monitoring by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopy revealed the spectral markers and molecular changes during these processes. These findings have the potential to broaden the applicability of eosin Y complexes, whether used as pigments in an artistic context or in any other field where mid- to long-term stability is crucial.
{"title":"Degradation of eosin Y complexes during natural ageing: Spectroscopic markers and parameters that affect their stability","authors":"Victoria Beltran , Andrea Marchetti , Steven de Meyer , Margje Leeuwestein , Christophe Sandt , Ferenc Borondics , Ligia Maria Moretto , Karolien De Wael","doi":"10.1016/j.microc.2025.113178","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.microc.2025.113178","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Eosin Y complexes find applications in several fields, including dye sensitized solar cells, medical therapies or artistic pigments. However, their lack of stability, leading to fading upon light exposure, hinders optimal performance. This study focuses on the natural ageing of aluminum (Eo-Al) and lead (Eo-Pb) eosin Y complexes. The monitoring by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopy revealed the spectral markers and molecular changes during these processes. These findings have the potential to broaden the applicability of eosin Y complexes, whether used as pigments in an artistic context or in any other field where mid- to long-term stability is crucial.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":391,"journal":{"name":"Microchemical Journal","volume":"212 ","pages":"Article 113178"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143527294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this study, we aimed to develop a sensitive and selective label-free aptasensor to determine Arah1 electrochemically in real food samples. For this purpose, the multilayer consisting of titanium (IV) oxide–carbon nanofiber (TiO2-CNF) nanocomposite and Au-PdNPs bimetallic nanostructures were successively modified on the screen-printed graphite electrode (SPE) surface. Then, the thiol-linked Arah1 aptamer was immobilized onto the modified SPE, and Arah1 was incubated onto the aptamer-modified biosensing surface to complete the biorecognition process. Surface characterization of the electrochemical aptasensors was monitored using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectrometry (XPS), cyclic voltammetry (CV), differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Under the optimized conditions, a wide linear range between 0.25–1000 pg/mL was obtained to determine Arah1 with low LOQ and LOD values as 0.115 pg/mL and 0.035 pg/mL, respectively. In addition, the novel aptasensing platform designed for Arah1 exhibited excellent reproducibility, repeatability, and high selectivity in the presence of different proteins. In light of these results, the proposed sensitive Arah1 aptasensor can be successfully applied to determine the peanut allergen Arah1 in bread and peanut butter samples.
{"title":"Label-free electrochemical aptasensing platform based on TiO2-CNF incorporated Au-PdNPs for detection of peanut allergen Arah1 in real food samples","authors":"Nazlı Şimşek , Gözde Aydoğdu Tığ , Niran Öykü Erdoğan , Bengi Uslu","doi":"10.1016/j.microc.2025.113150","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.microc.2025.113150","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, we aimed to develop a sensitive and selective label-free aptasensor to determine Arah1 electrochemically in real food samples. For this purpose, the multilayer consisting of<!--> <!-->titanium (IV) oxide–carbon nanofiber (TiO<sub>2</sub>-CNF) nanocomposite and Au-PdNPs bimetallic nanostructures were successively modified on the screen-printed graphite electrode (SPE) surface. Then, the<!--> <!-->thiol-linked Arah1 aptamer was immobilized onto the modified SPE, and Arah1 was incubated onto the aptamer-modified biosensing surface to complete the biorecognition process. Surface characterization of the electrochemical aptasensors was monitored using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectrometry (XPS), cyclic voltammetry (CV), differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Under the optimized conditions, a wide linear range between 0.25–1000 pg/mL was obtained to determine Arah1 with low LOQ and LOD values as 0.115 pg/mL and 0.035 pg/mL, respectively. In addition, the novel aptasensing platform designed for Arah1 exhibited excellent reproducibility, repeatability, and high selectivity in the presence of different proteins. In light of these results, the proposed sensitive Arah1 aptasensor can be successfully applied to determine the peanut allergen Arah1 in bread and peanut butter samples.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":391,"journal":{"name":"Microchemical Journal","volume":"211 ","pages":"Article 113150"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143509914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-25DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2025.113173
Jialin He , Jing Liu , Yuanyi Wu , Yan Yang , Tian Liu , Yutan Wang , Xingyu Liu , Kaiyong Wang , Yi Yang
The rapid determination of foodborne pathogens is crucial for safeguarding food safety and public health. Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) have emerged as promising materials for fluorescent sensors owing to their large surface area, ease of synthesis, and cost-effectiveness. However, current LDH-based fluorescent sensors are challenged by complex detection protocols, limited sensitivity, and low detection efficiencies. This study presents a novel fluorescent sensor based on magnetic Fe3O4@zinc/nickel/aluminum-layered double hydroxide (MLDH) and T7-exonuclease (T7 Exo) for the sensitive and simultaneous detection of Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Vibrio parahaemolyticus (V. parahaemolyticus). MLDH was synthesized via a simple co-precipitation method and employed as a fluorescence quencher for the first time to efficiently quench the 6-carboxyfluorescein (FAM) and 6-carboxy-X-rhodamine (ROX) fluorophores labelled on both single-stranded DNA probes and the target/probe double-stranded DNA duplexes via the inner filter effect. T7 Exo served a dual function in target reporting and signal amplification. The magnetism of MLDH simplifies the detection protocol and provides a cleaner detection background, while the T7 Exo-based signal amplification strategy significantly enhances the sensitivity. This sensor achieves simultaneous detection of E. coli and V. parahaemolyticus characteristic DNA in a single assay, with a broad linear range of 0.01–10 nM and detection limits of 6.8 pM and 6.0 pM, respectively. Moreover, it has been successfully validated in real samples, yielding recoveries from 91.4 % to 114 % and relative standard deviations below 4.88 %. Owing to its high sensitivity, convenience, effectiveness, and accuracy, this sensor holds great potential in simultaneous detection of foodborne pathogens.
{"title":"Sensitive and simultaneous detection of foodborne pathogens using a magnetic layered double hydroxide-based fluorescent sensor with T7 exonuclease signal amplification","authors":"Jialin He , Jing Liu , Yuanyi Wu , Yan Yang , Tian Liu , Yutan Wang , Xingyu Liu , Kaiyong Wang , Yi Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.microc.2025.113173","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.microc.2025.113173","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The rapid determination of foodborne pathogens is crucial for safeguarding food safety and public health. Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) have emerged as promising materials for fluorescent sensors owing to their large surface area, ease of synthesis, and cost-effectiveness. However, current LDH-based fluorescent sensors are challenged by complex detection protocols, limited sensitivity, and low detection efficiencies. This study presents a novel fluorescent sensor based on magnetic Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>@zinc/nickel/aluminum-layered double hydroxide (MLDH) and T7-exonuclease (T7 Exo) for the sensitive and simultaneous detection of <em>Escherichia coli</em> (<em>E. coli</em>) and <em>Vibrio parahaemolyticus</em> (<em>V. parahaemolyticus</em>). MLDH was synthesized via a simple co-precipitation method and employed as a fluorescence quencher for the first time to efficiently quench the 6-carboxyfluorescein (FAM) and 6-carboxy-X-rhodamine (ROX) fluorophores labelled on both single-stranded DNA probes and the target/probe double-stranded DNA duplexes via the inner filter effect. T7 Exo served a dual function in target reporting and signal amplification. The magnetism of MLDH simplifies the detection protocol and provides a cleaner detection background, while the T7 Exo-based signal amplification strategy significantly enhances the sensitivity. This sensor achieves simultaneous detection of <em>E. coli</em> and <em>V. parahaemolyticus</em> characteristic DNA in a single assay, with a broad linear range of 0.01–10 nM and detection limits of 6.8 pM and 6.0 pM, respectively. Moreover, it has been successfully validated in real samples, yielding recoveries from 91.4 % to 114 % and relative standard deviations below 4.88 %. Owing to its high sensitivity, convenience, effectiveness, and accuracy, this sensor holds great potential in simultaneous detection of foodborne pathogens.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":391,"journal":{"name":"Microchemical Journal","volume":"211 ","pages":"Article 113173"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143511318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Salmonella Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) is a pathogenic bacterium associated with food contamination and severe illnesses. Given its low infectious dose, monitoring this bacterium is critical. Conventional detection methods often involve labor-intensive and time-consuming enzyme-linked immunoassays, further highlighting the need for more efficient alternatives. In this study, we developed a paper-based electrochemical aptasensor utilizing a label-free format, enhanced with carboxyl (COOH)-functionalized cellulose nanocrystals, as an innovative platform for detecting S. Typhimurium. The device was custom-designed and fabricated using a wax printing technique on Whatman filter paper, yielding a disposable and desirable paper-based analytical device (PAD). COOH-cellulose nanocrystals were applied to the PAD surface to directly immobilize an aptamer probe specific to Salmonella, employing effective EDC/NHS standard chemistry without requiring additional modifications. The subsequent formation of a half-sandwich immunocomplex (aptamer/Salmonella) induces a highly insulated layer on the PAD surface, suppressing the redox mediator signal response of [Fe(CN)6]3-/4- in a Salmonella concentration-dependent manner, with detectable ranges from 10 to 109 CFU/mL and an ultra-low detection limit of 3.50 CFU/mL, as evaluated by differential pulse voltammetry. This aptasensor successfully detects the presence of Salmonella in food samples, demonstrating remarkable sensitivity, selectivity, rapid response times (30 min), and portability.
{"title":"Label-free electrochemical aptasensor based on cellulose nanocrystal-modified paper-based device for Salmonella Typhimurium detection in food samples","authors":"Sakda Jampasa , Natthawut Sangthong , Tugba Ozer , Wattana Panphut , Sarida Naorungroj , Nattaya Ngamrojanavanich , Takashi Kaneta , Orawon Chailapakul , Wanida Wonsawat","doi":"10.1016/j.microc.2025.113144","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.microc.2025.113144","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Salmonella Typhimurium</em> (<em>S. Typhimurium</em>) is a pathogenic bacterium associated with food contamination and severe illnesses. Given its low infectious dose, monitoring this bacterium is critical. Conventional detection methods often involve labor-intensive and time-consuming enzyme-linked immunoassays, further highlighting the need for more efficient alternatives. In this study, we developed a paper-based electrochemical aptasensor utilizing a label-free format, enhanced with carboxyl (COOH)-functionalized cellulose nanocrystals, as an innovative platform for detecting <em>S. Typhimurium</em>. The device was custom-designed and fabricated using a wax printing technique on Whatman filter paper, yielding a disposable and desirable paper-based analytical device (PAD). COOH-cellulose nanocrystals were applied to the PAD surface to directly immobilize an aptamer probe specific to <em>Salmonella</em>, employing effective EDC/NHS standard chemistry without requiring additional modifications. The subsequent formation of a half-sandwich immunocomplex (aptamer/<em>Salmonella</em>) induces a highly insulated layer on the PAD surface, suppressing the redox mediator signal response of [Fe(CN)<sub>6</sub>]<sup>3-/4-</sup> in a <em>Salmonella</em> concentration-dependent manner, with detectable ranges from 10 to 10<sup>9</sup> CFU/mL and an ultra-low detection limit of 3.50 CFU/mL, as evaluated by differential pulse voltammetry. This aptasensor successfully detects the presence of <em>Salmonella</em> in food samples, demonstrating remarkable sensitivity, selectivity, rapid response times (30 min), and portability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":391,"journal":{"name":"Microchemical Journal","volume":"211 ","pages":"Article 113144"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143487965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-25DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2025.113167
Ye You , Fanxia Liao , Aihui Zhang , Qin Tang , Jing Shi , Kankan Zhang
The accumulation and translocation of pesticides in crops can lead to several environmental hazards and pose potential threats to food safety and human health. This study demonstrated a strong absorption capacity of mandipropamid by soil-cultivated and hydroponic lettuce roots through an active symplastic pathway, as indicated by high root concentration and quasi-equilibrium factors. Mandipropamid moved minimally, with translocation factors < 1, and was primarily distributed in cell walls of lettuce tissues due to its hydrophobicity (logKow = 3.2) and low solubility (4.2 mg/L). Mandipropamid-contaminated cultivation media were remediated by planting lettuce, resulting in a reduction of half-lives by > 10 %, and enantioselectivity can be observed, with the R-enantiomer preferentially dissipating (enantiomeric factors < 0.5). Eleven potential metabolites were identified by high-resolution mass spectrometry during the cultivation process. This work provides integrated insights into the translocation, distribution, metabolism, and remediation of mandipropamid enantiomers in lettuce under soil-cultivated and hydroponic conditions.
{"title":"Integrating hydroponic and soil-cultivated lettuce to understand the translocation, accumulation, subcellular distribution, and metabolism of chiral fungicide mandipropamid","authors":"Ye You , Fanxia Liao , Aihui Zhang , Qin Tang , Jing Shi , Kankan Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.microc.2025.113167","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.microc.2025.113167","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The accumulation and translocation of pesticides in crops can lead to several environmental hazards and pose potential threats to food safety and human health. This study demonstrated a strong absorption capacity of mandipropamid by soil-cultivated and hydroponic lettuce roots through an active symplastic pathway, as indicated by high root concentration and quasi-equilibrium factors. Mandipropamid moved minimally, with translocation factors < 1, and was primarily distributed in cell walls of lettuce tissues due to its hydrophobicity (logK<sub>ow</sub> = 3.2) and low solubility (4.2 mg/L). Mandipropamid-contaminated cultivation media were remediated by planting lettuce, resulting in a reduction of half-lives by > 10 %, and enantioselectivity can be observed, with the <em>R</em>-enantiomer preferentially dissipating (enantiomeric factors < 0.5). Eleven potential metabolites were identified by high-resolution mass spectrometry during the cultivation process. This work provides integrated insights into the translocation, distribution, metabolism, and remediation of mandipropamid enantiomers in lettuce under soil-cultivated and hydroponic conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":391,"journal":{"name":"Microchemical Journal","volume":"212 ","pages":"Article 113167"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143527290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Despite concerns regarding infant exposure to methylmercury (MeHg+), few studies have investigated the separate determination of mercury species in breast milk, and breast milk collection methodology has not been adequately examined.
In this study, a high-throughput analytical method was developed for the simultaneous quantification of inorganic mercury (Hg2+) and MeHg+ in human breast milk using high-performance liquid chromatography equipped with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (HPLC-ICP-MS).
Quality control was performed using NIST SRM 1953, a certified reference material for breast milk containing Hg2+ and MeHg+, and the accuracy was 99 %. Furthermore, a 4-month study was conducted in which monthly breast milk samples from 10 participants were analyzed to examine the effects of the collection method (foremilk or hindmilk) and collection time. The median concentrations (ng g−1) for the 80 samples were 0.109 (5th-95th percentile: 0.014–0.365) for Hg2+ and 0.220 (5th–95th percentile: 0.046–0.792) for MeHg+. The total mercury concentrations obtained via HPLC-ICP-MS analysis were compared with those measured using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), and a high correlation was achieved (Pearson’s correlation coefficient = 0.946).
ICP-MS analysis was conducted to determine the content of several additional elements in the breastmilk samples, and an association was found between the Selenium and Hg2+ contents. In contrast, the MeHg+ and fat contents were correlated, with the MeHg+ concentration being higher in hindmilk.
{"title":"High-throughput mercury speciation analysis of breast milk using HPLC-ICP-MS","authors":"Kenta Iwai , Miyuki Iwai-Shimada , Nozomi Tatsuta , Yayoi Kobayashi , Kaname Asato , Mitsuo Nishimoto , Kunihiko Nakai , Shoji F. Nakayama","doi":"10.1016/j.microc.2025.113142","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.microc.2025.113142","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite concerns regarding infant exposure to methylmercury (MeHg<sup>+</sup>), few studies have investigated the separate determination of mercury species in breast milk, and breast milk collection methodology has not been adequately examined.</div><div>In this study, a high-throughput analytical method was developed for the simultaneous quantification of inorganic mercury (Hg<sup>2+</sup>) and MeHg<sup>+</sup> in human breast milk using high-performance liquid chromatography equipped with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (HPLC-ICP-MS).</div><div>Quality control was performed using NIST SRM 1953, a certified reference material for breast milk containing Hg<sup>2+</sup> and MeHg<sup>+</sup>, and the accuracy was 99 %. Furthermore, a 4-month study was conducted in which monthly breast milk samples from 10 participants were analyzed to examine the effects of the collection method (foremilk or hindmilk) and collection time. The median concentrations (ng g<sup>−1</sup>) for the 80 samples were 0.109 (5th-95th percentile: 0.014–0.365) for Hg<sup>2+</sup> and 0.220 (5th–95th percentile: 0.046–0.792) for MeHg<sup>+</sup>. The total mercury concentrations obtained via HPLC-ICP-MS analysis were compared with those measured using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), and a high correlation was achieved (Pearson’s correlation coefficient = 0.946).</div><div>ICP-MS analysis was conducted to determine the content of several additional elements in the breastmilk samples, and an association was found between the Selenium and Hg<sup>2+</sup> contents. In contrast, the MeHg<sup>+</sup> and fat contents were correlated, with the MeHg<sup>+</sup> concentration being higher in hindmilk.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":391,"journal":{"name":"Microchemical Journal","volume":"211 ","pages":"Article 113142"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143510525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-25DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2025.113169
Lav Kumar Yadav, G. Raviraju, Tuhin Roy, Vinod Kumar
In this investigation, we have developed a novel, selective, and cost-effective colorimetric detection of blister agents e.g., sulfur mustard and nitrogen mustard. This protocol enables the detection at room temperature using ‘everyday reagents’ such as sodium thiosulfate, iodine, and starch. The sensing method utilizes sodium thiosulfate as a receptor and the combination of iodine and starch as an indicator, resulting in a colorimetric response to both mustard agents. The method offers selective detection of these chemical agents over relevant interferences such as nerve agents’ simulant, acylating agent, and alkylating agent. Furthermore, the analyses of these agents in the contaminated environmental samples and Na2S2O3-coated silica gel suggest that this testing technique can be directly applied to real-time investigation. We have also determined the limit of detection for SM and NM to be 0.02 mg visually, and 0.002 mg spectroscopically, both of which are below levels harmful to human skin. This highlights the potential utility and safety of our approach for detecting CW agents in diverse scenarios.
{"title":"A highly specific colorimetric detection of sulfur mustard and nitrogen mustard at room temperature with iodine–starch system","authors":"Lav Kumar Yadav, G. Raviraju, Tuhin Roy, Vinod Kumar","doi":"10.1016/j.microc.2025.113169","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.microc.2025.113169","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this investigation, we have developed a novel, selective, and cost-effective colorimetric detection of blister agents <em>e.g</em>., sulfur mustard and nitrogen mustard. This protocol enables the detection at room temperature using ‘everyday reagents’ such as sodium thiosulfate, iodine, and starch. The sensing method utilizes sodium thiosulfate as a receptor and the combination of iodine and starch as an indicator, resulting in a colorimetric response to both mustard agents. The method offers selective detection of these chemical agents over relevant interferences such as nerve agents’ simulant, acylating agent, and alkylating agent. Furthermore, the analyses of these agents in the contaminated environmental samples and Na<sub>2</sub>S<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-coated silica gel suggest that this testing technique can be directly applied to real-time investigation. We have also determined the limit of detection for SM and NM to be 0.02 mg visually, and 0.002 mg spectroscopically, both of which are below levels harmful to human skin. This highlights the potential utility and safety of our approach for detecting CW agents in diverse scenarios.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":391,"journal":{"name":"Microchemical Journal","volume":"211 ","pages":"Article 113169"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143511307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-25DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2025.113153
Ahmad Reza Bagheri, Ardeshir Shokrollahi
In this study, chitosan (CS), as a green, low- or negligible toxic, low-cost, biocompatible, biodegradable, and environmentally friendly compound, was composited with covalent organic framework (COF) nanoparticles. Following the synthesis, the nanocomposite (COF-CS) was characterized and identified by diverse techniques such as Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), field emission-scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopy (FESEM-EDS), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area analysis. The COF-CS was subsequently employed for dispersive micro-solid-phase extraction (D-µ-SPE) of the chlorpyrifos (CPF) pesticide from environmental water samples prior to spectrophotometric determination. The factors that affect the extraction process were examined and optimized through the application of central composite design-based response surface methodology (CCD-RSM). The primary benefit of the COF-CS nanocomposite lies in its ability to address several significant limitations of CS, including its inadequate adsorption capacity, limited specific surface area, and low stability. Moreover, the COF-CS nanocomposite has the potential to resolve the primary issues associated with COF nanoparticles, specifically their propensity for aggregation and the challenges in separation due to their low density. Another key benefit of the COF-CS nanocomposite is that it provides multiple interaction sites, including hydrogen bonding and π-π interaction with CPF, to further improve the extraction efficiency. According to the CCD-RSM, the optimum parameters were pH (4.5), elution volume (300 µL of methanol), sorbent dosage (10 mg), and extraction time (12 min). Under the optimized conditions, the linear range of the method was from 10.0 to 700.0 µg L−1. In addition, the limit of detection of the method was achieved to be 3.9 µg L−1.
{"title":"Chitosan composited covalent organic framework nanoparticles for the dispersive micro-solid-phase extraction of chlorpyrifos pesticide from environmental water samples prior to spectrophotometric determination","authors":"Ahmad Reza Bagheri, Ardeshir Shokrollahi","doi":"10.1016/j.microc.2025.113153","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.microc.2025.113153","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, chitosan (CS), as a green, low- or negligible toxic, low-cost, biocompatible, biodegradable, and environmentally friendly compound, was composited with covalent organic framework (COF) nanoparticles. Following the synthesis, the nanocomposite (COF-CS) was characterized and identified by diverse techniques such as Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), field emission-scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopy (FESEM-EDS), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area analysis. The COF-CS was subsequently employed for dispersive micro-solid-phase extraction (D-µ-SPE) of the chlorpyrifos (CPF) pesticide from environmental water samples prior to spectrophotometric determination. The factors that affect the extraction process were examined and optimized through the application of central composite design-based response surface methodology (CCD-RSM). The primary benefit of the COF-CS nanocomposite lies in its ability to address several significant limitations of CS, including its inadequate adsorption capacity, limited specific surface area, and low stability. Moreover, the COF-CS nanocomposite has the potential to resolve the primary issues associated with COF nanoparticles, specifically their propensity for aggregation and the challenges in separation due to their low density. Another key benefit of the COF-CS nanocomposite is that it provides multiple interaction sites, including hydrogen bonding and π-π interaction with CPF, to further improve the extraction efficiency. According to the CCD-RSM, the optimum parameters were pH (4.5), elution volume (300 µL of methanol), sorbent dosage (10 mg), and extraction time (12 min). Under the optimized conditions, the linear range of the method was from 10.0 to 700.0 µg L<sup>−1</sup>. In addition, the limit of detection of the method was achieved to be 3.9 µg L<sup>−1</sup>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":391,"journal":{"name":"Microchemical Journal","volume":"211 ","pages":"Article 113153"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143511442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-25DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2025.113143
Sol Giovannoni , Gabriela A. Ortega-Moreno , Griselda Narda , Mario Reta , Carlina Lancioni
The development of solid-phase microextraction fibers (SPME) using a MOF-based hybrid material as sorbent is presented. Even though different metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have been reported as extractant phases, it is the first time that a hybrid material consisting of two iron-based MOFs is used with this purpose. In this work, the synthesis and characterization of the hybrid MIL-68(Fe)@MIL-101(Fe), as well as, the construction and characterization of the SPME fibers, is detailed. The assessment of its analytical performance, was studied by analyzing five polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in aqueous solution by means of gas chromatography coupled to flame ionization and mass spectrometry detectors. The developed analytical method exhibited detection limits between 3 to 10 μg·L−1, good linearity (R2 > 0.96) and remarkable intra-day (average RSD%=10) and inter-day (average RSD% = 14) precision. Moreover, enrichment factors ranged from 187 to 273-fold while accuracies (expressed as percentage recoveries) ranged from 64 to 111 %, and 84 to 123 % for low and high concentration levels, respectively. The developed method was successfully applied to the determination and quantification of PAHs in surface water samples, collected from two streams located in La Plata (Buenos Aires Province, Argentina).
{"title":"Development of solid-phase microextraction fibers based on hybrid MIL-68(Fe)@MIL-101(Fe) for the analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in surface waters","authors":"Sol Giovannoni , Gabriela A. Ortega-Moreno , Griselda Narda , Mario Reta , Carlina Lancioni","doi":"10.1016/j.microc.2025.113143","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.microc.2025.113143","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The development of solid-phase microextraction fibers (SPME) using a MOF-based hybrid material as sorbent is presented. Even though different metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have been reported as extractant phases, it is the first time that a hybrid material consisting of two iron-based MOFs is used with this purpose. In this work, the synthesis and characterization of the hybrid MIL-68(Fe)@MIL-101(Fe), as well as, the construction and characterization of the SPME fibers, is detailed. The assessment of its analytical performance, was studied by analyzing five polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in aqueous solution by means of gas chromatography coupled to flame ionization and mass spectrometry detectors. The developed analytical method exhibited detection limits between 3 to 10 μg·L<sup>−1</sup>, good linearity (R<sup>2</sup> > 0.96) and remarkable intra-day (average RSD%=10) and inter-day (average RSD% = 14) precision. Moreover, enrichment factors ranged from 187 to 273-fold while accuracies (expressed as percentage recoveries) ranged from 64 to 111 %, and 84 to 123 % for low and high concentration levels, respectively. The developed method was successfully applied to the determination and quantification of PAHs in surface water samples, collected from two streams located in La Plata (Buenos Aires Province, Argentina).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":391,"journal":{"name":"Microchemical Journal","volume":"211 ","pages":"Article 113143"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143487285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-25DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2025.113159
Yi-Ting Lai , Yi-Chen Li , Yih-Fan Chen , Ji-Yen Cheng
Cell viability assays have been widely used to discover and evaluate a compound in drug development and cancer research. The conventional cell viability assays usually rely on colorimetric and fluorescence techniques to quantify cellular metabolism and viability. However, these techniques may potentially damage cells, affecting the accuracy of cell viability measurements. To address these concerns, we developed an automatic cell viability classification system based on a simple biological microscope to predict cell viability from label-free phase-contrast images. The system automatically obtains single-cell positions and images, which are then analyzed by a trained deep-learning model to classify cell viability. After image acquisition, the single-cell viability was used to Raman spectroscopy to quantify the MTT formazan, which correlated to cellular metabolic activity. For classifying cell viability, three CNN-based models (VGG-16, DenseNet-121, and Xception) were employed. According to the results, the VGG-16 model achieved the highest performance, with an average accuracy and sensitivity of 89 % in 3-fold cross-validation to classify cell viability between non- and minor-damaged conditions. The results therefore demonstrated that the developed system provides a simple and efficient solution for classifying cell viability, with promising applications in biomedical research and drug screening.
{"title":"Classifying cell viability using a label-free approach: Integration of phase-contrast imaging, Raman spectroscopy, and deep learning","authors":"Yi-Ting Lai , Yi-Chen Li , Yih-Fan Chen , Ji-Yen Cheng","doi":"10.1016/j.microc.2025.113159","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.microc.2025.113159","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cell viability assays have been widely used to discover and evaluate a compound in drug development and cancer research. The conventional cell viability assays usually rely on colorimetric and fluorescence techniques to quantify cellular metabolism and viability. However, these techniques may potentially damage cells, affecting the accuracy of cell viability measurements. To address these concerns, we developed an automatic cell viability classification system based on a simple biological microscope to predict cell viability from label-free phase-contrast images. The system automatically obtains single-cell positions and images, which are then analyzed by a trained deep-learning model to classify cell viability. After image acquisition, the single-cell viability was used to Raman spectroscopy to quantify the MTT formazan, which correlated to cellular metabolic activity. For classifying cell viability, three CNN-based models (VGG-16, DenseNet-121, and Xception) were employed. According to the results, the VGG-16 model achieved the highest performance, with an average accuracy and sensitivity of 89 % in 3-fold cross-validation to classify cell viability between non- and minor-damaged conditions. The results therefore demonstrated that the developed system provides a simple and efficient solution for classifying cell viability, with promising applications in biomedical research and drug screening.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":391,"journal":{"name":"Microchemical Journal","volume":"212 ","pages":"Article 113159"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143547963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号