Microchemical Journal最新文献

{"title":"Smart dressings for wound monitoring and treatment: a review with focus on electrical stimulation therapy","authors":"Xiaoping Lin ,&nbsp;Li Yang ,&nbsp;Ting Xu ,&nbsp;Bowen Cheng ,&nbsp;Hao Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.microc.2026.117345","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.microc.2026.117345","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Wound healing is a complex biological process involving multiple stages, such as cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and tissue remodeling. Chronic wounds, due to their intricate pathology and significant management difficulties, impose a substantial burden on patients and healthcare systems. Recent advances in materials science, microelectronics, and artificial intelligence have catalyzed the development of smart dressings, offering innovative solutions for wound care. This comprehensive review summarizes the development of multifunctional smart dressings. It highlights technologies for real-time monitoring of key wound biomarkers (e.g., pH, temperature, moisture, and oxygen levels) and provides a comparative analysis of drug delivery mechanisms, spanning passive diffusion, stimulus-responsive, and actively triggered release systems. The roles of physical therapies, including thermal, ultrasound, and phototherapeutic stimulation, are also discussed. Particular emphasis is placed on electrical stimulation (ES) therapy, owing to its unique mechanistic actions and strong compatibility with smart dressing platforms. This section details ES strategies, parameter optimization, the need for adaptive parameter adjustment guided by wound microenvironment feedback, and its synergistic potential with other therapies. Finally, the review identifies key challenges regarding system integration and clinical translation, while underscoring the promising future of smart dressings in enabling automated, personalized wound management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":391,"journal":{"name":"Microchemical Journal","volume":"223 ","pages":"Article 117345"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146172941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunocatalytic La₂O₃-Fe-Ni nanozyme detection of porcine pepsin in food matrices through ECL-colourimetric signal amplifications","authors":"Batrisyia Safwah Mohd Salleh,&nbsp;Fareeha Arshad,&nbsp;Koo Pey Ting,&nbsp;Minhaz Uddin Ahmed","doi":"10.1016/j.microc.2026.117323","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.microc.2026.117323","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The presence of porcine pepsin in food items is widespread globally. Despite the prohibition of such ingredients in food products within religious and vegan communities, as well as for medical concerns, there is still uncertainty in determining their origin in food products. The failure of certain businesses in the food industry to clearly label porcine pepsin-containing food products necessitates an intervention that this study can provide. In the present study, we report dual-mode detection of porcine pepsin using a novel La₂O₃-Fe-Ni nanozyme in the developed immunosensor. The nanozyme exhibited enhanced peroxidase-mimicking activity, which collaboratively boosted the electrochemiluminescence signal generated. The immunosensor achieved a significantly low detection limit for porcine pepsin in both detection modes. The additional integration of machine learning enables precise and accurate porcine pepsin prediction. The practical application of the immunosensor was validated by spiking food samples, which indicated promising recoveries.</div></div><div><h3>Novelty statement and impact</h3><div>This study assembled a novel La₂O₃-Fe-Ni nanozyme for the colourimetric-electrochemiluminescence immunodetection of porcine pepsin in food samples. The immunocomplexes formed between anti-pepsin antibody and the target are separated through magnetism, which allows only the specific immunocomplexes to be recovered and utilised in the detection modes, omitting the need for blocking agents. The immunocomplexes were directly drop-cast onto the electrode and wells of a microtiter plate, which bypasses the time-consuming washing steps and layer-by-layer incubation of nanozyme, target, and antibody; while reducing noise signals from blocking agents. Additionally, the nanozyme exhibited remarkable peroxidase-mimicking activity and kinetic parameters, surpassing those of horseradish peroxidase and previously published literature on nanozymes. The kinetic parameters of the counter nanomaterials were also established, which had not been previously evaluated. The wide linear range covered and low detection limit obtained in both methods are favourable, as there are limited studies on porcine pepsin detection, and they have only employed a single detection method with a high limit of detection value and a narrow detection range. Furthermore, machine learning is used to predict various concentrations of porcine pepsin from the obtained datasets.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":391,"journal":{"name":"Microchemical Journal","volume":"223 ","pages":"Article 117323"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146172988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in carbon-based nanomaterials for biosensing and bioanalytical applications: from CNTs to graphene, MXenes, MOFs, and MIPs","authors":"Bharathi Natarajan ,&nbsp;Palanisamy Kannan ,&nbsp;Govindhan Maduraiveeran","doi":"10.1016/j.microc.2026.117315","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.microc.2026.117315","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Carbon-based nanomaterials (CNMs) have driven significant progress in various biological fields, including diagnostics, bioimaging, and therapeutic monitoring. By integrating carbon-based nanostructures with biological components, researchers have enhanced biointerface sensitivity, flexibility, and functionality, enabling precise diagnostic techniques and improving therapeutic outcomes. However, optimizing these bio-hybrid systems requires a deep understanding of the interactions between material structure, biosensing activity, and biosafety. These insights are crucial for designing nanomaterials that meet the specific needs of clinical and biomedical applications while ensuring both safety and performance. This review explores the advancements in CNMs-enabled biosensing, with a specific focus on various types, including graphene, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), graphyne, and hybrid carbon-bio systems. We examine the relationship between nanomaterial properties and biological systems, highlighting the role of these different frameworks in enhancing biosensing capabilities and therapeutic applications. Topics include efficient probe design, surface functionalization, adsorption dynamics, and optimization of carbon-bio-interfaces to enhance signal transduction and bio-recognition. In addition, we address key analytical metrics including sensitivity and specificity, while highlighting challenges such as reproducibility, in-vivo applicability, and long-term biosafety. Emerging trends and future directions in bioanalytical research are also discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":391,"journal":{"name":"Microchemical Journal","volume":"223 ","pages":"Article 117315"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146172918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AI-driven energy material design and battery life improvement methods for wearable sports devices","authors":"Dongdong Zheng ,&nbsp;Hui Li ,&nbsp;Hongqiao Yan","doi":"10.1016/j.microc.2026.117294","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.microc.2026.117294","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examines the design and endurance enhancement of energy materials for AI-driven wearable sports devices by systematically comparing the performance characteristics of lithium batteries, supercapacitors, graphene batteries, and sodium-ion batteries. An energy efficiency optimization model based on graph neural networks is proposed. Experimental results show that the model extends battery life by 45%–75% while restricting energy loss to 70 mW·h, which is nearly 50% lower than that of traditional battery management systems. Reinforcement learning algorithms further extend battery lifespan by up to 35%, albeit at a computational complexity of 10,000 FLOPS. With kinetic energy recovery efficiency at 50%, device operation time increases from 3 h to over 10 h. Energy consumption comparisons reveal that smart bands, with a standby power of 20–30 mW, can operate for more than 200 h, whereas smart sports glasses operating in GPS mode consume 90–120 mW and sustain operation for only about 30 h. By integrating material properties with energy management strategies using AI technologies, this research provides a quantitatively supported pathway for the prolonged operation of wearable devices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":391,"journal":{"name":"Microchemical Journal","volume":"223 ","pages":"Article 117294"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147386243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharmaceutical pollutant ornidazole sensing at mesoporous spinel cobalt cerium oxide and graphene nanoplatelets modified electrode in environmental water and fish samples","authors":"Viswa Muthiah ,&nbsp;Venkataraman Dharuman","doi":"10.1016/j.microc.2026.117311","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.microc.2026.117311","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Presence of pharmaceutical pollutants greater than the permissible concentration in the environmental water poses significant health problems and affect environmental health underscoring the development of sensitive techniques to monitor. This study synthesized mesoporous spinel cobalt cerium oxide (CoCe₂O₄) using the simple hydrothermal method and anchored with graphene nanoplatelets through physical adsorption (CoCe₂O₄/Gr NP). Characterization was done using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET). Studies confirmed spherical and mesoporous structure of the composite. The electrochemical study in the presence of [Fe(CN)₆]^3−/4- reveals the highest redox current with lower ∆E_p (77 mV) for the CoCe₂O₄/Gr compared to the Co₃O₄ (∆E_p: 180 mV) and CoCe₂O₄ (∆E_p: 221 mV) and Gr NP (∆E_p: 83 mV) modified electrodes due to the improved surface area and conductivity. In the presence of ODZ, the sensor showed highest and very sharp reduction peak (<em>i</em>_<em>pa</em>: −22.95 μA) at the lowest overpotential −0.574 V with the sensitivity of 0.1924 μA μM⁻¹ cm⁻², limit of detection (LOD) of 0.0639 μM, limit of quantification (LOQ) of 0.2128 μM. A linear detection range from 125 nM to 1.674 mM with good reproducibility, renewability and stability was obtained. Practical application was demonstrated using pharmaceutical tablets, environmental water samples (lake, well, and tap water), fish samples, and achieved high recovery rates.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":391,"journal":{"name":"Microchemical Journal","volume":"223 ","pages":"Article 117311"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147386244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A biothiol-activated fluorescent probe for hemoglobin dynamic monitoring","authors":"Jing Zhang ,&nbsp;Yong-Bin Liu ,&nbsp;Hong-Kai Bian ,&nbsp;Xin-Yu Pan ,&nbsp;Xiang Ding ,&nbsp;Qing Wang ,&nbsp;Wen-Bo Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.microc.2026.117328","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.microc.2026.117328","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Abnormalities in hemoglobin (Hb) concentration function as crucial biomarkers for a variety of pathological conditions. Although several methods are available for highly sensitive detection of Hb, there is still a lack of efficient tools for dynamic monitoring of Hb in specific pathological environments. Herein, we developed a novel fluorescent probe (TDA) for biothiol-mediated dynamic monitoring of Hb. TDA exhibited responsiveness to various biothiols, and it showed a stronger responsiveness to glutathione (GSH). Moreover, while TDA itself did not demonstrate significant responsiveness to proteins and DNA, the biothiol-activated TDA (i.e., TDA-OH) displayed favorable selective fluorescence “turn-off” responsiveness to bovine hemoglobin (BHb). Both TDA and TDA-OH possessed good BHb binding capability, and common commercial drugs had minimal impact on this binding. Non-covalent interactions played a pivotal role in stabilizing the interaction between BHb and TDA/TDA-OH. As a result of this stability, even when TDA was activated by biothiol, the resulting TDA-OH could still remain stably embedded within BHb, with its fluorescence in a quenched state. When BHb was damaged, the quenched fluorescence of TDA-OH recovered, resulting in a noticeable fluorescence enhancement. This cascade response property thus endows TDA with potential for specific and dynamic monitoring of Hb in a pathological environment with overexpressed biothiol.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":391,"journal":{"name":"Microchemical Journal","volume":"223 ","pages":"Article 117328"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146147275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanostructured zinc chromate decorated on halloysite nanotubes for high-performance detection of dimetridazole in food samples","authors":"Loganathan Vagismathi ,&nbsp;Sea-Fue Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.microc.2026.117291","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.microc.2026.117291","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The extensive application of veterinary drugs and agrochemicals has emerged as a pressing global issue due to their persistence in the environment and long-term implications for human health and ecosystems. Dimetridazole (DZ), a nitroimidazole compound widely utilised in animal husbandry and poultry, has also drawn substantial concern due to its persistence, bioaccumulation, and toxicological implications, including mutagenic and carcinogenic effects. To meet the demand for effective monitoring strategies, this work proposes a Zinc chromate and halloysite nanotube-based nanocomposite as an electrocatalytic sensing platform for detecting DZ. The spinel ZnCr₂O_4, which exhibits high physicochemical stability, is integrated with HNTs, which provide a high surface area to the nanocomposite. The resulting ZnCr₂O₄/HNT electrode demonstrates enhanced electrochemical performance relative to pristine ZnCr₂O₄, attributable to accelerated charge transfer, greater exposure of active sites, and improved interfacial interactions between DZ and the nanocomposite surface. The ZnCr₂O₄/HNT/GCE sensor achieves a detection limit of 0.0036 μM and a linear concentration range of 0.1–736.4 μM, demonstrating excellent sensing performance for the detection of DZ. Furthermore, the as-constructed sensor exhibits excellent reproducibility and selectivity, with recoveries of 98–99% with relative standard deviation (RSD) values below 4%. The ZnCr₂O₄/HNT/GCE sensor is applied to real sample analysis, including milk and tomato, confirming its practical applicability for food safety and environmental monitoring.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":391,"journal":{"name":"Microchemical Journal","volume":"223 ","pages":"Article 117291"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147385996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ratiometric dual-mode ECL–SERS biosensing of miR-21 via PER-primed CRISPR/Cas12a on CsPbBr₃@COF-LZU1@Au","authors":"Zhengfang Liang ,&nbsp;Jin Chen ,&nbsp;Guoli Zuo ,&nbsp;Junhong Li ,&nbsp;Jihua Wei ,&nbsp;Yuanxun Gong ,&nbsp;Haozhen Ren ,&nbsp;Qianli Tang ,&nbsp;Kai Zhang ,&nbsp;Xianjiu Liao","doi":"10.1016/j.microc.2026.117278","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.microc.2026.117278","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We report a single-electrode, dual-mode biosensor that co-integrates anodic electrochemiluminescence (ECL) and surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) on CsPbBr₃@COF-LZU1@Au nano-hybrids. The perovskite core provides bright, water-stable ECL under tri-n-propylamine (TPrA), the ultrathin COF shell offers porous confinement and chemical anchoring, and peripheral Au nanodots create electromagnetic hot spots and robust Au<img>S linkages. A ferrocene-tagged hairpin (Fc-HP) positions Fc inside the sub-nanometer to few-nanometer (∼0.5–3 nm) Au–COF–perovskite nanogap to impose a deep OFF baseline by distance-dependent quenching. Target recognition is amplified upstream by primer-exchange reaction (PER), which primes CRISPR/Cas12a for collateral trans-cleavage of surface DNA, withdrawing/distalizing Fc to restore ECL and attenuate the Fc SERS signature in a synchronized, target-dependent manner. Acquisition is ordered SERS-first/ECL-second to avoid interfacial perturbation. Under optimized conditions (PER 80 min, Cas12a 60 nM, on-electrode cleavage 45 min, TPrA 70 mM), synthetic miR-21 yields nine-decade log-linear behavior from 1 aM to 1 nM: normalized ECL increases with log₁₀C, SERS(Fc) decreases with log₁₀C, and the ratiometric index R = I_ECL/I_SERS(Fc) is also linear across the same range. IUPAC LODs are 1.71 aM (ECL), 2.14 aM (SERS(Fc)), and 1.51 aM (ratiometric). The platform shows high selectivity against noncognate/mismatched sequences, excellent reproducibility (inter-electrode RSD ≈ 3%), and practical stability (≈92–96% signal retention over 7 days at 4 °C). In real matrices, endogenous miR-21 in total RNA follows the expected trend MCF-7 &gt; HeLa &gt; HEK293, with accurate spike-recovery using matrix-matched calibration. The modular PER→Cas12a recognition and the co-engineered nanogap transducer enable sensitive, cross-validated quantification and are readily adaptable to other microRNAs and nucleic-acid biomarkers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":391,"journal":{"name":"Microchemical Journal","volume":"223 ","pages":"Article 117278"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147385998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Flower-like Cu/Ag nanozyme as oxidase-mimic for the colorimetric detection of hydroquinone","authors":"Yi Liu ,&nbsp;Xingxing Ouyang ,&nbsp;Hongfen Yang ,&nbsp;Dan Yang ,&nbsp;Jia Ge ,&nbsp;Yu Liu ,&nbsp;Ren Cai","doi":"10.1016/j.microc.2026.117382","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.microc.2026.117382","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Herein, a novel colorimetric system based on bimetallic copper‑silver (Cu/Ag) nanozymes has developed for hydroquinone determination. The bimetallic Cu/Ag nanozymes possess oxidase-mimic activity and could rapidly oxidize TMB to blue oxTMB. When HQ was added to the sensing system, blue oxTMB was reduced to colorless TMB, causing the absorbance to decrease. The proposed assay exhibited excellent performance for hydroquinone assay with a detection limit of 85 nM. Moreover, this strategy can be used to hydroquinone assay in spiked tap and river water samples with favorable recoveries of 97.4%–106.5%.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":391,"journal":{"name":"Microchemical Journal","volume":"223 ","pages":"Article 117382"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147386153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chemometric monitoring of critical parameters in rice wine fermentation using near-infrared spectroscopy with ultrasound-assisted S. cerevisiae cultivation","authors":"Jing Hao ,&nbsp;Mengyuan Yang ,&nbsp;Benjamin Kumah Mintah ,&nbsp;Chunhua Dai ,&nbsp;Rong Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhaoli Zhang ,&nbsp;Haile Ma ,&nbsp;Ronghai He","doi":"10.1016/j.microc.2026.117397","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.microc.2026.117397","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study implemented real-time monitoring of critical process parameters in rice wine fermentation by integrating near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy with chemometrics. The fermentation process was enhanced through fixed-frequency ultrasound-assisted cultivation of <em>S. cerevisiae</em>, an approach that extends beyond conventional NIR monitoring by incorporating a defined physical pretreatment to actively modify the fermentation system. The conditions for ultrasound-assisted cultivation of <em>S. cerevisiae</em> were logarithmic metaphase, 28 kHz, 20 min and 45 W/L. After screening the feature wavelengths by using the competitive adaptive reweighted sampling (CARS), the <em>Rc</em>, <em>RMSEC</em>, <em>Rp</em> and <em>RMSEP</em> of the correction and prediction models obtained on the basis of the synergy interval partial least square method were as follows: alcohol strength, 0.974, 0.42 and 0.959, 0.51; total sugar content, 0.959, 10.23 and 0.946, 11.55; total acid content, 0.948, 0.25 and 0.939, 0.28; and pH value, 0.960, 0.13 and 0.942, 0.33. The results indicated that the established models are accurate and stable, validating their applicability for real-time bioprocess monitoring in rice wine fermentation with ultrasound-assisted cultivation of <em>S. cerevisiae</em>. These findings highlight the potential of NIR spectroscopy as a rapid, non-destructive tool for optimizing fermentation control in biotechnology applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":391,"journal":{"name":"Microchemical Journal","volume":"223 ","pages":"Article 117397"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147381575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}