Pub Date : 2018-06-29DOI: 10.31047/1668.298X.V1.N35.20447
S. Sayago, M. Bocco
Development of models for crop yield prediction using remote sensing allows accurate, reliable and timely estimations over large areas. articularly, this information is necessary to ensure the adequacy of a nation’s food supply as well as to aid policy makers and farmers. In Argentina, soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) and corn (Zea mays L.) are the most important crops. The goal of this research was to develop and evaluate linear and non-linear models to estimate crop yield from satellite data. Particularly, we proposed and applied those models to obtain soybean and corn yield in the central region of Cordoba (Argentina) using Landsat and SPOT images. The models were designed taking into account all or some bands included in the images from one or both satellites. Results showed that models provided a good fit when all images are used, being superior the accuracy obtained by neural networks (NN). For soybean, the best estimation presented a coefficient of determination equal to 0.90 with NN and 0.82 with multiple linear regression models, and for corn 0.92 and 0.88, respectively. This study concludes that Landsat and SPOT images can be effectively used to predict, in early to mid-season crop growth stages, corn and soybean yield.
{"title":"Crop yield estimation using satellite images: comparison of linear and non-linear models","authors":"S. Sayago, M. Bocco","doi":"10.31047/1668.298X.V1.N35.20447","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31047/1668.298X.V1.N35.20447","url":null,"abstract":"Development of models for crop yield prediction using remote sensing allows accurate, reliable and timely estimations over large areas. articularly, this information is necessary to ensure the adequacy of a nation’s food supply as well as to aid policy makers and farmers. In Argentina, soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) and corn (Zea mays L.) are the most important crops. The goal of this research was to develop and evaluate linear and non-linear models to estimate crop yield from satellite data. Particularly, we proposed and applied those models to obtain soybean and corn yield in the central region of Cordoba (Argentina) using Landsat and SPOT images. The models were designed taking into account all or some bands included in the images from one or both satellites. Results showed that models provided a good fit when all images are used, being superior the accuracy obtained by neural networks (NN). For soybean, the best estimation presented a coefficient of determination equal to 0.90 with NN and 0.82 with multiple linear regression models, and for corn 0.92 and 0.88, respectively. This study concludes that Landsat and SPOT images can be effectively used to predict, in early to mid-season crop growth stages, corn and soybean yield.","PeriodicalId":39278,"journal":{"name":"AgriScientia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.31047/1668.298X.V1.N35.20447","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43478747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-29DOI: 10.31047/1668.298X.V1.N35.20451
E. Maero, O. L. Anguiano
En el ambiente natural, los organismos están expuestos a factores ambientales prooxidantes. En este trabajo se evaluaron biomarcadores antioxidantes en insectos adultos de Cydia pomonella de diferentes poblaciones de campo y de una cepa de laboratorio. Las poblaciones de campo provinieron de las provincias de Neuquén (Centenario), Río Negro (Allen, General Roca 1, General Roca 2, General Roca 3 y General Godoy) y Chubut (Sarmiento 1 y Sarmiento 2). Se determinaron antioxidantes enzimáticos –como catalasa (CAT), superóxido dismutasa (SOD) y glutatión S-transferasa (GST)– y no enzimáticos, nivel de glutatión (GSH) endógeno. Las actividades GST determinadas en las polillas provenientes de las poblaciones de campo resultaron significativamente menores a las medidas en la cepa de laboratorio. La actividad CAT detectada en los individuos provenientes de General Roca 1 resultó 2,13 veces menor a la de las polillas de laboratorio. No se observaron diferencias significativas entre poblaciones en los valores determinados de actividad SOD. El nivel de GSH determinado en las polillas de Sarmiento 2 resultó significativamente diferente y fue 1,57 veces mayor al de los individuos de laboratorio. Con excepción de las polillas provenientes de General Godoy, el resto de las poblaciones decampo presentó niveles significativamente menores comparados con el de la cepa de laboratorio. Las alteraciones observadas en los biomarcadores GST y GSH reflejarían indirectamente la presencia de estrés oxidativo.
{"title":"Evaluación de biomarcadores de estrés oxidativo en diferentes poblaciones de adultos de Cydia pomonella de la Patagonia argentina","authors":"E. Maero, O. L. Anguiano","doi":"10.31047/1668.298X.V1.N35.20451","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31047/1668.298X.V1.N35.20451","url":null,"abstract":"En el ambiente natural, los organismos están expuestos a factores ambientales prooxidantes. En este trabajo se evaluaron biomarcadores antioxidantes en insectos adultos de Cydia pomonella de diferentes poblaciones de campo y de una cepa de laboratorio. Las poblaciones de campo provinieron de las provincias de Neuquén (Centenario), Río Negro (Allen, General Roca 1, General Roca 2, General Roca 3 y General Godoy) y Chubut (Sarmiento 1 y Sarmiento 2). Se determinaron antioxidantes enzimáticos –como catalasa (CAT), superóxido dismutasa (SOD) y glutatión S-transferasa (GST)– y no enzimáticos, nivel de glutatión (GSH) endógeno. Las actividades GST determinadas en las polillas provenientes de las poblaciones de campo resultaron significativamente menores a las medidas en la cepa de laboratorio. La actividad CAT detectada en los individuos provenientes de General Roca 1 resultó 2,13 veces menor a la de las polillas de laboratorio. No se observaron diferencias significativas entre poblaciones en los valores determinados de actividad SOD. El nivel de GSH determinado en las polillas de Sarmiento 2 resultó significativamente diferente y fue 1,57 veces mayor al de los individuos de laboratorio. Con excepción de las polillas provenientes de General Godoy, el resto de las poblaciones decampo presentó niveles significativamente menores comparados con el de la cepa de laboratorio. Las alteraciones observadas en los biomarcadores GST y GSH reflejarían indirectamente la presencia de estrés oxidativo.","PeriodicalId":39278,"journal":{"name":"AgriScientia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.31047/1668.298X.V1.N35.20451","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47196870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-12-27DOI: 10.31047/1668.298X.V34.N2.19042
A. Odorizzi, M. Cornacchione, V. Arolfo, D. Basigalup, M. L. Mijoevich, M. Balzarini
In the last years, it has been observed an increasing damage from a viral disease affecting the production and persistence of alfalfa in Argentina. The objective of this work was to compare the incidence and severity of the disease symptoms and to explore the relationship of its dynamics with respect to rainfall (pp) and temperature (T) in six commercial alfalfa cultivars during the period 2010-2014. The cultivars CW1010, WL1058, Traful PV INTA, WL903, Monarca SP INTA and LPS8500 were evaluated in trials at EEA Manfredi-INTA and at EEA Santiago del Estero-INTA. In both trials, mean incidences between 50% and 80% were recorded, with significant interannual variability and differences among cultivars. The severity was higher for the cultivars evaluated in Santiago del Estero. Cultivars WL903 and WL1058 presented the lowest severity, while LPS8500 and Monarca SP INTA showed the highest values. As for the climatic variables used for this analysis, pp (pp + irrigation in Santiago del Estero) and maximum T were the variables that mostly determined the incidence of the disease. Mean T was the most important variable regarding severity.
在过去的几年里，人们观察到一种病毒性疾病对阿根廷苜蓿的生产和持久性造成的损害越来越大。本工作的目的是比较2010-2014年期间六个商业苜蓿品种的疾病症状的发生率和严重程度，并探讨其动态与降雨量（pp）和温度（T）的关系。品种CW1010、WL1058、Traful PV INTA、WL903、Monarca SP INTA和LPS8500在EEA Manfredi INTA和EEA Santiago del Estero INTA的试验中进行了评估。在这两项试验中，记录的平均发病率在50%至80%之间，具有显著的年际变异性和品种间的差异。在Santiago del Estero评估的品种的严重程度更高。品种WL903和WL1058的严重程度最低，而LPS8500和Monarca SP INTA的严重程度最高。至于用于该分析的气候变量，pp（圣地亚哥德尔埃斯特罗的pp+灌溉）和最大T是主要决定疾病发病率的变量。平均T是关于严重程度的最重要变量。
{"title":"Evaluación de la virosis del achaparramiento de la alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) en dos ambientes contrastantes de Argentina","authors":"A. Odorizzi, M. Cornacchione, V. Arolfo, D. Basigalup, M. L. Mijoevich, M. Balzarini","doi":"10.31047/1668.298X.V34.N2.19042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31047/1668.298X.V34.N2.19042","url":null,"abstract":"In the last years, it has been observed an increasing damage from a viral disease affecting the production and persistence of alfalfa in Argentina. The objective of this work was to compare the incidence and severity of the disease symptoms and to explore the relationship of its dynamics with respect to rainfall (pp) and temperature (T) in six commercial alfalfa cultivars during the period 2010-2014. The cultivars CW1010, WL1058, Traful PV INTA, WL903, Monarca SP INTA and LPS8500 were evaluated in trials at EEA Manfredi-INTA and at EEA Santiago del Estero-INTA. In both trials, mean incidences between 50% and 80% were recorded, with significant interannual variability and differences among cultivars. The severity was higher for the cultivars evaluated in Santiago del Estero. Cultivars WL903 and WL1058 presented the lowest severity, while LPS8500 and Monarca SP INTA showed the highest values. As for the climatic variables used for this analysis, pp (pp + irrigation in Santiago del Estero) and maximum T were the variables that mostly determined the incidence of the disease. Mean T was the most important variable regarding severity.","PeriodicalId":39278,"journal":{"name":"AgriScientia","volume":"34 1","pages":"69-81"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43255146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-12-27DOI: 10.31047/1668.298X.V34.N2.19040
Lucio Andres Lombardo, M. M. Nisi, Celina Elena Ghione, G. D. Fisore, Marcelo E. Helguera
El constante incremento de las temperaturas –como consecuencia del cambio climatico– en las regiones donde se cultiva trigo, exige ajustar el ciclo del cultivo a periodos mas cortos para evitar o disminuir los estreses causados por las altas temperaturas. En este sentido, el descubrimiento de fuentes geneticas innovadoras de modulacion de la espigazon, asi como tambien el desarrollo de herramientas moleculares que permitan capitalizarlas, tienen un rol central en el mejoramiento de este cultivo. En el presente estudio se evalua, bajo condiciones controladas, el efecto de los genes Ppd-1 sobre la espigazon en una poblacion biparental de trigo pan. Para tal fin, se desarrollaron marcadores moleculares ineditos para los genes Ppd-A1 y Ppd-B1. Los resultados obtenidos muestran un efecto desigual de los loci Ppd-1 (Ppd-A1, Ppd-B1 y Ppd-D1) sobre la respuesta al fotoperiodo. Ppd-D1 fue el locus con mayor efecto sobre la respuesta al fotoperiodo, mientras que Ppd-B1 y Ppd-A1 presentaron un efecto menor y nulo, respectivamente. Se concluye de este estudio, que la estimulacion en condiciones de dias largos no es un proceso esencial para que se produzca la espigazon en el trigo.
{"title":"Evaluación fenotípica y molecular de alelos de los genes Ppd-1 en una población biparental de trigo pan","authors":"Lucio Andres Lombardo, M. M. Nisi, Celina Elena Ghione, G. D. Fisore, Marcelo E. Helguera","doi":"10.31047/1668.298X.V34.N2.19040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31047/1668.298X.V34.N2.19040","url":null,"abstract":"El constante incremento de las temperaturas –como consecuencia del cambio climatico– en las regiones donde se cultiva trigo, exige ajustar el ciclo del cultivo a periodos mas cortos para evitar o disminuir los estreses causados por las altas temperaturas. En este sentido, el descubrimiento de fuentes geneticas innovadoras de modulacion de la espigazon, asi como tambien el desarrollo de herramientas moleculares que permitan capitalizarlas, tienen un rol central en el mejoramiento de este cultivo. En el presente estudio se evalua, bajo condiciones controladas, el efecto de los genes Ppd-1 sobre la espigazon en una poblacion biparental de trigo pan. Para tal fin, se desarrollaron marcadores moleculares ineditos para los genes Ppd-A1 y Ppd-B1. Los resultados obtenidos muestran un efecto desigual de los loci Ppd-1 (Ppd-A1, Ppd-B1 y Ppd-D1) sobre la respuesta al fotoperiodo. Ppd-D1 fue el locus con mayor efecto sobre la respuesta al fotoperiodo, mientras que Ppd-B1 y Ppd-A1 presentaron un efecto menor y nulo, respectivamente. Se concluye de este estudio, que la estimulacion en condiciones de dias largos no es un proceso esencial para que se produzca la espigazon en el trigo.","PeriodicalId":39278,"journal":{"name":"AgriScientia","volume":"34 1","pages":"45-57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44550475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-12-27DOI: 10.31047/1668.298X.V34.N2.19043
D. Ustarroz, J. Montoya, A. Ledda, P. Belluccini, J. M. Cervellini
The herbicides haloxyfop R-methyl and clethodim may persist active in the soil causing phytotoxic effects to grass crops when applied close to sowing. In this work, field and greenhouse experiments were conducted to evaluate the phytotoxic potential of different rates of these herbicides in maize and to study the irrigation requirements and time between application and sowing to avoid phytotoxicity in the crop. Field experiments were carried out on four agroecological areas. Under field conditions the lower rates of both herbicides, 62.5 and 120 g i.a. ha-1 of haloxyfop R-methyl and clethodim respectively, produced visual phytotoxicity lower than 14 %. At higher rates, in two of the four environments higher levels of phytotoxicity (32-78 %) were registered. Both herbicides reduced maize plants biomass when they were not incorporated to the soil by irrigation and the sowing was carried out 14 days after their application. When irrigation was performed after the application of herbicides, 7 days were enough to avoid phytotoxicity at 62.5 and 125 g i.a. ha-1 of haloxyfop R-methyl and 120 g i.a. ha-1 of clethodim. None of the evaluated treatments reduced the plant biomass of maize planted 14 days after irrigation.
除草剂卤代福普R-methyl和氯托丁可能在土壤中保持活性，在临近播种时对草类作物造成植物毒性影响。在这项工作中，进行了田间和温室实验，以评估不同速率的这些除草剂对玉米的植物毒性潜力，并研究灌溉要求和施用与播种之间的时间，以避免对作物的植物毒性。在四个农业生态区进行了田间试验。在田间条件下，两种除草剂（分别为62.5和120g i.a.ha-1的卤代福普R-甲基和氯托丁）的施用率较低，产生的视觉植物毒性低于14%。在较高的比率下，在四种环境中的两种环境中，植物毒性水平较高（32-78%）。当两种除草剂未通过灌溉结合到土壤中时，它们都会降低玉米植株的生物量，并且在施用后14天进行播种。当在施用除草剂后进行灌溉时，7天就足以避免62.5和125 g i.a.ha-1的卤代福普R-甲基和120 g i.a.ha-1的氯托丁的植物毒性。所评估的处理均未降低灌溉后14天种植的玉米的植物生物量。
{"title":"Actividad de cletodim y haloxifop R-metil en el suelo y su efecto fitotóxico en el cultivo de maíz (Zea mays)","authors":"D. Ustarroz, J. Montoya, A. Ledda, P. Belluccini, J. M. Cervellini","doi":"10.31047/1668.298X.V34.N2.19043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31047/1668.298X.V34.N2.19043","url":null,"abstract":"The herbicides haloxyfop R-methyl and clethodim may persist active in the soil causing phytotoxic effects to grass crops when applied close to sowing. In this work, field and greenhouse experiments were conducted to evaluate the phytotoxic potential of different rates of these herbicides in maize and to study the irrigation requirements and time between application and sowing to avoid phytotoxicity in the crop. Field experiments were carried out on four agroecological areas. Under field conditions the lower rates of both herbicides, 62.5 and 120 g i.a. ha-1 of haloxyfop R-methyl and clethodim respectively, produced visual phytotoxicity lower than 14 %. At higher rates, in two of the four environments higher levels of phytotoxicity (32-78 %) were registered. Both herbicides reduced maize plants biomass when they were not incorporated to the soil by irrigation and the sowing was carried out 14 days after their application. When irrigation was performed after the application of herbicides, 7 days were enough to avoid phytotoxicity at 62.5 and 125 g i.a. ha-1 of haloxyfop R-methyl and 120 g i.a. ha-1 of clethodim. None of the evaluated treatments reduced the plant biomass of maize planted 14 days after irrigation.","PeriodicalId":39278,"journal":{"name":"AgriScientia","volume":"34 1","pages":"83-89"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.31047/1668.298X.V34.N2.19043","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46855469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-12-27DOI: 10.31047/1668.298X.V34.N2.19041
C. A. Turina, P. Bima
Plant sanitation through in vitro culture helps addressing sanitary issues that affect olive production (Olea europaea L.). Our goal was to develop a protocol for in vitro establishment of plant material obtained from adult plants grown in the field. We tested four methods of disinfection, the explants response to two cytokinins (BA, zeatin), two carbon sources (sucrose, mannitol), and activated charcoal (0 y 1 g.L-1), and the impact of the season in which materials were collected. The use of ultrasound during disinfection allowed satisfactory establishment rates (44 %). BA improved sprouting (36 % vs. 24 %), and so did mannitol (75 % vs. 20 %). The addition of activated charcoal did not show statistically significant effects on both survival and sprouting. We observed variations depending on the season of collection and the plant variety. Spring was –for all varieties– the most favourable time to collect explants: the highest sprouting rates (21 % to 62 %) and the lowest contamination levels were obtained, Frantoio and Manzanilla being the varieties least affected by contamination.
植物卫生通过离体培养有助于解决卫生问题影响橄榄生产(Olea europaea L.)。我们的目标是为从田间生长的成年植物中获得的植物材料的体外建立制定一个方案。我们测试了四种消毒方法，外植体对两种细胞分裂素(BA、玉米素)、两种碳源(蔗糖、甘露醇)和活性炭(0 y 1 g.L-1)的反应，以及收集材料季节的影响。在消毒过程中使用超声波，建立率令人满意(44%)。BA促进发芽(36%对24%)，甘露醇也是如此(75%对20%)。活性炭的添加对存活和发芽没有统计学上的显著影响。我们观察到根据采集季节和植物品种的变化。春季是所有品种最适宜采集外植体的时间:出苗率最高(21% ~ 62%)，污染程度最低，弗兰托奥和曼萨尼拉是受污染影响最小的品种。
{"title":"Establecimiento in vitro de cuatro variedades de olivo cultivadas a campo (Olea europea L.)","authors":"C. A. Turina, P. Bima","doi":"10.31047/1668.298X.V34.N2.19041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31047/1668.298X.V34.N2.19041","url":null,"abstract":"Plant sanitation through in vitro culture helps addressing sanitary issues that affect olive production (Olea europaea L.). Our goal was to develop a protocol for in vitro establishment of plant material obtained from adult plants grown in the field. We tested four methods of disinfection, the explants response to two cytokinins (BA, zeatin), two carbon sources (sucrose, mannitol), and activated charcoal (0 y 1 g.L-1), and the impact of the season in which materials were collected. The use of ultrasound during disinfection allowed satisfactory establishment rates (44 %). BA improved sprouting (36 % vs. 24 %), and so did mannitol (75 % vs. 20 %). The addition of activated charcoal did not show statistically significant effects on both survival and sprouting. We observed variations depending on the season of collection and the plant variety. Spring was –for all varieties– the most favourable time to collect explants: the highest sprouting rates (21 % to 62 %) and the lowest contamination levels were obtained, Frantoio and Manzanilla being the varieties least affected by contamination.","PeriodicalId":39278,"journal":{"name":"AgriScientia","volume":"34 1","pages":"59-68"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.31047/1668.298X.V34.N2.19041","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47665742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-12-27DOI: 10.31047/1668.298X.V34.N2.19038
V. Astiz, E. Errea, E. Molfese, M. L. Seghezzo
The quality of newly harvested wheat and the changes that may occur during grain storage is of interest to the milling industry. The objective of this work was to study the variations in the industrial quality of durum wheat from the moment of its harvest throughout 7 months of storage. Grain and semolina parameters such as hectoliter weight, one thousand kernel weight, protein, moisture, milling yield, falling number, color, wet and dry gluten content, gluten index and farinograph properties were determined. Grain moisture was below 14% during storage time. Fluctuations of semolina extraction rates during the first months of storage were observed. Extraction values varied from 66 to 73%, stabilizing in 72% at 120 days from harvest. The falling number also presented an increasing tendency. The other quality parameters including gluten and farinograph, showed no significant variations during the storage time. The results indicate that there is no evidence of changes in quality parameters except for milling yield. This suggests the positive effect of blending old wheat with new wheat to minimize fluctuations in milling parameters.
{"title":"Cambios en los parámetros de calidad del trigo candeal durante el almacenamiento","authors":"V. Astiz, E. Errea, E. Molfese, M. L. Seghezzo","doi":"10.31047/1668.298X.V34.N2.19038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31047/1668.298X.V34.N2.19038","url":null,"abstract":"The quality of newly harvested wheat and the changes that may occur during grain storage is of interest to the milling industry. The objective of this work was to study the variations in the industrial quality of durum wheat from the moment of its harvest throughout 7 months of storage. Grain and semolina parameters such as hectoliter weight, one thousand kernel weight, protein, moisture, milling yield, falling number, color, wet and dry gluten content, gluten index and farinograph properties were determined. Grain moisture was below 14% during storage time. Fluctuations of semolina extraction rates during the first months of storage were observed. Extraction values varied from 66 to 73%, stabilizing in 72% at 120 days from harvest. The falling number also presented an increasing tendency. The other quality parameters including gluten and farinograph, showed no significant variations during the storage time. The results indicate that there is no evidence of changes in quality parameters except for milling yield. This suggests the positive effect of blending old wheat with new wheat to minimize fluctuations in milling parameters.","PeriodicalId":39278,"journal":{"name":"AgriScientia","volume":"34 1","pages":"25-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43643623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-12-27DOI: 10.31047/1668.298X.V34.N2.19044
P. Cicore, G. Berone, A. Prado, M. Agnusdei
The goal of this work was to evaluate forage production of tall wheatgrass (Thinopyrum ponticum [Podp.] Barkworth & D.R. Dewey Phil) as a function of nitrogen (N) availability and elevation positions. Seven sites were selected on the basis of their elevation and in each, two treatments were evaluated: N- (0 kg N ha-1 ha) and N+ (300 kg N ha-1)]. An interaction between the position of sites and N rate was found for final accumulated above-ground biomass (AB). At N+ sites there was significant variation, whereas at N- sites no variation was observed. Variability in AB was mainly due to differences in radiation use efficiency. The data showed a negative correlation between elevation of experimental sites and AB. This would indicate that the factor that limited the forage production varies with elevation. Soil moisture content (SMC) could be this restrictive factor because of its negative correlation with elevation. Inconclusion, small variations in the elevation of sites could affect water availability and therefore affect forage productivity when there is not limiting N.
这项工作的目的是评估高麦草（Thinopyrum ponticum[Podp.]Barkworth&D.R.Dewey-Phil）的饲料产量与氮（N）可用性和海拔位置的关系。根据海拔高度选择了七个地点，每个地点都评估了两个处理：N-（0 kg N ha-1 ha）和N+（300 kg N ha-2）]。对于最终积累的地上生物量（AB），发现位点的位置和氮速率之间存在相互作用。在N+位点有显著的变化，而在N-位点没有观察到变化。AB的变异性主要是由于辐射利用效率的差异。数据显示，试验点的海拔高度与AB呈负相关。这表明限制牧草产量的因素随海拔高度的变化而变化。土壤含水量（SMC）可能是这一限制因素，因为它与海拔高度呈负相关。结论是，当氮不受限制时，场地海拔的微小变化可能会影响水分的可用性，从而影响牧草的生产力。
{"title":"Producción de forraje de agropiro alargado en función de la disponibilidad de nitrógeno y la posición topográfica","authors":"P. Cicore, G. Berone, A. Prado, M. Agnusdei","doi":"10.31047/1668.298X.V34.N2.19044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31047/1668.298X.V34.N2.19044","url":null,"abstract":"The goal of this work was to evaluate forage production of tall wheatgrass (Thinopyrum ponticum [Podp.] Barkworth & D.R. Dewey Phil) as a function of nitrogen (N) availability and elevation positions. Seven sites were selected on the basis of their elevation and in each, two treatments were evaluated: N- (0 kg N ha-1 ha) and N+ (300 kg N ha-1)]. An interaction between the position of sites and N rate was found for final accumulated above-ground biomass (AB). At N+ sites there was significant variation, whereas at N- sites no variation was observed. Variability in AB was mainly due to differences in radiation use efficiency. The data showed a negative correlation between elevation of experimental sites and AB. This would indicate that the factor that limited the forage production varies with elevation. Soil moisture content (SMC) could be this restrictive factor because of its negative correlation with elevation. Inconclusion, small variations in the elevation of sites could affect water availability and therefore affect forage productivity when there is not limiting N.","PeriodicalId":39278,"journal":{"name":"AgriScientia","volume":"34 1","pages":"91-98"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46121703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-12-27DOI: 10.31047/1668.298X.V34.N2.19036
A. Rollán, O. A. Bachmeier, M. Rossi, M. Moreno
Under the hypothesis that the stratification of soil properties under directseeding conditions (SD) modifies P sorption parameters, the objectives of this work were: i) to estimate P sorption parameters by using Langmuir isotherms in samples of different depth, extracted from fields under continuous direct seeding; (ii) to analyze the similarities and differences between the parameters obtained; and (iii) to identify the relationship between the edaphic properties of the surface stratum and the estimated parameters. Soil samples of 0 to 5 and 0 to 20 cm were equilibrated with solutions with increasing concentrations of P. From the relationship between the adsorbed P and the concentration of P in equilibrium, the maximum adsorption capacity (Qmax) and the retention affinity constant (k) were estimated. The higher Qmax and the low k of 0 to 5 cm samples show that there is a distinct behaviour in the first centimeters of depth. In that layer the bioavailability of P and the residuality of the applied fertilizers are regulated by adsorption phenomena responding to the presence of organic colloids, which are accumulated by the stratification associated with SD.
{"title":"Efecto de la siembra directa sobre los procesos de adsorción de fósforo en los molisoles del centro norte de la provincia de Córdoba (Argentina)","authors":"A. Rollán, O. A. Bachmeier, M. Rossi, M. Moreno","doi":"10.31047/1668.298X.V34.N2.19036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31047/1668.298X.V34.N2.19036","url":null,"abstract":"Under the hypothesis that the stratification of soil properties under directseeding conditions (SD) modifies P sorption parameters, the objectives of this work were: i) to estimate P sorption parameters by using Langmuir isotherms in samples of different depth, extracted from fields under continuous direct seeding; (ii) to analyze the similarities and differences between the parameters obtained; and (iii) to identify the relationship between the edaphic properties of the surface stratum and the estimated parameters. Soil samples of 0 to 5 and 0 to 20 cm were equilibrated with solutions with increasing concentrations of P. From the relationship between the adsorbed P and the concentration of P in equilibrium, the maximum adsorption capacity (Qmax) and the retention affinity constant (k) were estimated. The higher Qmax and the low k of 0 to 5 cm samples show that there is a distinct behaviour in the first centimeters of depth. In that layer the bioavailability of P and the residuality of the applied fertilizers are regulated by adsorption phenomena responding to the presence of organic colloids, which are accumulated by the stratification associated with SD.","PeriodicalId":39278,"journal":{"name":"AgriScientia","volume":"34 1","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47304221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-12-27DOI: 10.31047/1668.298X.V34.N2.19039
María Eugenia Steffolani, M. C. Bustos, M. Ferreyra, A. E. León
Fil: Steffolani, Maria Eugenia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico Conicet - Cordoba. Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnologia de Alimentos Cordoba. Universidad Nacional de Cordoba. Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas. Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnologia de Alimentos Cordoba; Argentina
{"title":"Evaluación de la calidad tecnológica, nutricional y sensorial de barras de cereal con quinoa","authors":"María Eugenia Steffolani, M. C. Bustos, M. Ferreyra, A. E. León","doi":"10.31047/1668.298X.V34.N2.19039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31047/1668.298X.V34.N2.19039","url":null,"abstract":"Fil: Steffolani, Maria Eugenia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico Conicet - Cordoba. Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnologia de Alimentos Cordoba. Universidad Nacional de Cordoba. Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas. Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnologia de Alimentos Cordoba; Argentina","PeriodicalId":39278,"journal":{"name":"AgriScientia","volume":"34 1","pages":"33-43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.31047/1668.298X.V34.N2.19039","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43359324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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