Pub Date : 2023-05-30DOI: 10.55899/09734449/jbr021301
Brexidis Mandila, Timothy Namaswa
Communities in dryland areas of West Pokot in Kenya rely on fragile degraded ecosystems that have led to famines, low productivity and income. Although cultivating bamboo provides solutions to part of these problems, the benefits of bamboo cultivation are species and site-specific. However, no research has established the ethnobotanical knowledge of bamboo in West Pokot, making it difficult to upscale its cultivation. The study aimed at 1) determining the level of awareness of bamboo 2) the uses of bamboo 3) factors motivating and hindering its cultivation. The study adopted an analytical cross-sectional survey research design. Simple random and purposive sampling techniques were used in selecting the study site. A Systematic random sampling technique was used in selecting households to be used in establishing local knowledge through questionnaires. Data were analysed using chi-square test of fit, chi-square test of association and cochran’s Q test of K-related samples. Results showed that farmer to farmer approach (38.9%) was the main source of information. Among the respondents, 70.6% of them were aware of bamboo out of which 67.6% were aware of its uses. The commonly identified uses were soil conservation (48.1%), shade provision (39.5%), fencing material (38.8%) and construction material (36.9%). The findings revealed that 74.1% of the respondents were willing to cultivate bamboo due to its environmental, economic and cultural benefits among others. However, inadequate knowledge of bamboo planting and management techniques (51.8%) is the main impeding factor to the cultivation of bamboo in the region. Therefore, forestry and agricultural extension agents in the county should sensitize and train farmers on bamboo establishment and management for farmers to realize its full potential
{"title":"Ethnobotany of pokot communities on bamboo species in the dryland areas of West Pokot County, Kenya","authors":"Brexidis Mandila, Timothy Namaswa","doi":"10.55899/09734449/jbr021301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55899/09734449/jbr021301","url":null,"abstract":"Communities in dryland areas of West Pokot in Kenya rely on fragile degraded ecosystems that have led to famines, low productivity and income. Although cultivating bamboo provides solutions to part of these problems, the benefits of bamboo cultivation are species and site-specific. However, no research has established the ethnobotanical knowledge of bamboo in West Pokot, making it difficult to upscale its cultivation. The study aimed at 1) determining the level of awareness of bamboo 2) the uses of bamboo 3) factors motivating and hindering its cultivation. The study adopted an analytical cross-sectional survey research design. Simple random and purposive sampling techniques were used in selecting the study site. A Systematic random sampling technique was used in selecting households to be used in establishing local knowledge through questionnaires. Data were analysed using chi-square test of fit, chi-square test of association and cochran’s Q test of K-related samples. Results showed that farmer to farmer approach (38.9%) was the main source of information. Among the respondents, 70.6% of them were aware of bamboo out of which 67.6% were aware of its uses. The commonly identified uses were soil conservation (48.1%), shade provision (39.5%), fencing material (38.8%) and construction material (36.9%). The findings revealed that 74.1% of the respondents were willing to cultivate bamboo due to its environmental, economic and cultural benefits among others. However, inadequate knowledge of bamboo planting and management techniques (51.8%) is the main impeding factor to the cultivation of bamboo in the region. Therefore, forestry and agricultural extension agents in the county should sensitize and train farmers on bamboo establishment and management for farmers to realize its full potential","PeriodicalId":39305,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bamboo and Rattan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135542214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-30DOI: 10.55899/09734449/jbr021304
Water is the source of life. The uncontrolled use of natural resources is currently causing the massive pollution of rivers in Sumatra, so the availability of clean water for people's lives is started to decrease. One of the efforts to conserve watersheds is to preserve riparian vegetation. Where there is a source of water, there is bamboo. Bamboo that grows in riparian areas has a root system that can prevent erosion and filter water, increasing clean water availability. The purpose of this study was to conduct an inventory, study of ecology, and indicate environmental factors of bamboo species that can potentially maintain riparian environmental conditions, which can later be developed as soil and water conservation plants in the Sumatran watershed. This research was conducted in the riparian areas in upstream of three major Sumatran rivers: Kuantan, Kampar, and Rokan. We recorded 20 species of bamboo plants from 5 genera in three major rivers of Sumatra. The Rokan watershed has environmental conditions that are still maintained with low human activity so that the diversity of bamboo upstream of the Rokan river is high and is still well maintained. Meanwhile, the Kuantan and Kampar watersheds have a lot of human activities along the river, so the bamboo vegetation has been exploited in these two areas. Based on Canonical Correspondence Analysis, Bambusa vulgaris is found suitable for cultivation in Kuantan and Kampar watersheds, which is abundant in these watersheds as well as has high tolerance range for polluted watershed. We recommend that B. vulgaris be used as riparian vegetation for soil and water conservation in polluted watersheds.
{"title":"Bamboo Spreading Impacts as a Watershed Conservation Strategy in Upstream Area of Three Big Rivers of Sumatra","authors":"","doi":"10.55899/09734449/jbr021304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55899/09734449/jbr021304","url":null,"abstract":"Water is the source of life. The uncontrolled use of natural resources is currently causing the massive pollution of rivers in Sumatra, so the availability of clean water for people's lives is started to decrease. One of the efforts to conserve watersheds is to preserve riparian vegetation. Where there is a source of water, there is bamboo. Bamboo that grows in riparian areas has a root system that can prevent erosion and filter water, increasing clean water availability. The purpose of this study was to conduct an inventory, study of ecology, and indicate environmental factors of bamboo species that can potentially maintain riparian environmental conditions, which can later be developed as soil and water conservation plants in the Sumatran watershed. This research was conducted in the riparian areas in upstream of three major Sumatran rivers: Kuantan, Kampar, and Rokan. We recorded 20 species of bamboo plants from 5 genera in three major rivers of Sumatra. The Rokan watershed has environmental conditions that are still maintained with low human activity so that the diversity of bamboo upstream of the Rokan river is high and is still well maintained. Meanwhile, the Kuantan and Kampar watersheds have a lot of human activities along the river, so the bamboo vegetation has been exploited in these two areas. Based on Canonical Correspondence Analysis, Bambusa vulgaris is found suitable for cultivation in Kuantan and Kampar watersheds, which is abundant in these watersheds as well as has high tolerance range for polluted watershed. We recommend that B. vulgaris be used as riparian vegetation for soil and water conservation in polluted watersheds.","PeriodicalId":39305,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bamboo and Rattan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88056354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-30DOI: 10.55899/09734449/jbr021305
L. L. Arneaud, C. Leotaud
Little to no records of Bambusa vulgaris (Schrad. ex J.C. Wendl.) flowering events have been published for Trinidad and Tobago, West Indies. This paper aims to document past flowering events on these islands and to record environmental conditions surrounding an individual flowering event in north-west Trinidad. A novel systematic sampling approach using aerial surveys was adopted. An unmanned drone was used to establish a 500 m radial transect at the first flowering clump and this method was continued until no more flowering bamboo clumps/clusters were identified. Additional aerial surveys and site visits along major roads were also conducted to search for flowering clumps/clusters on both islands. Much research is still warranted (using similar methodologies and guidelines) to record environmental cues associated with B. vulgaris flowering on the islands as the present study was only able to provide a baseline for future studies.
{"title":"Novel aerial sampling method to detect flowering Bambusa vulgaris (Schrad. ex J.C. Wendl.) in Trinidad and Tobago, West Indies","authors":"L. L. Arneaud, C. Leotaud","doi":"10.55899/09734449/jbr021305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55899/09734449/jbr021305","url":null,"abstract":"Little to no records of Bambusa vulgaris (Schrad. ex J.C. Wendl.) flowering events have been published for Trinidad and Tobago, West Indies. This paper aims to document past flowering events on these islands and to record environmental conditions surrounding an individual flowering event in north-west Trinidad. A novel systematic sampling approach using aerial surveys was adopted. An unmanned drone was used to establish a 500 m radial transect at the first flowering clump and this method was continued until no more flowering bamboo clumps/clusters were identified. Additional aerial surveys and site visits along major roads were also conducted to search for flowering clumps/clusters on both islands. Much research is still warranted (using similar methodologies and guidelines) to record environmental cues associated with B. vulgaris flowering on the islands as the present study was only able to provide a baseline for future studies.","PeriodicalId":39305,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bamboo and Rattan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135543207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-24DOI: 10.55899/09734449.22/21.2c/332
R. Yadav, Pandey K.K, V. Chawla
Bamboo lumber was prepared using Bambusa bamboos species and its weathering performance was evaluated under natural and accelerated weathering. Specimens of bamboo lumber were exposed to natural weathering for 150 days. Another set of specimens were exposed to UV light source (UVA 360) in accelerated weathering tester up to 250 hours. A comparative study on the level of degradation in natural and accelerated weathering was made by evaluating CIEL*a*b* colour changes measured using a Hunter lab spectro-colorimeter. Rate of color change due to photo-degradation were evaluated. Results showed that all three color axes, viz. lightness (L*), redness (a*) and yellowness (b*) changed linearly with respect to time under natural exposure, but only L* was changed under accelerated weathering, keeping a* and b* values to be almost constant. Photodegradation of bamboo was mainly due to UV light absorption by chromophores present in the lignin, which constitutes about 32,2 % of total bamboo.
以竹材为原料制备竹材，并对其自然风化和加速风化性能进行了评价。竹材标本经自然风化处理150天。另一组试样在加速老化试验机上暴露于紫外线光源(UVA 360)下长达250小时。通过使用亨特实验室分光比色仪评估CIEL* A *b*颜色变化，对自然和加速风化的降解水平进行了比较研究。评估了光降解引起的颜色变化率。结果表明:在自然曝晒条件下，明暗度(L*)、红度(a*)和黄度(b*)三个色轴随时间呈线性变化，但在加速风化条件下，只有L*发生变化，a*和b*值基本保持不变。竹材的光降解主要是由于木质素中存在的发色团吸收紫外光，占竹材总数的32.2%。
{"title":"Bamboo lumber – an innovative sustainable raw material and an accelerated weathering study for establishing its durability","authors":"R. Yadav, Pandey K.K, V. Chawla","doi":"10.55899/09734449.22/21.2c/332","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55899/09734449.22/21.2c/332","url":null,"abstract":"Bamboo lumber was prepared using Bambusa bamboos species and its weathering performance was evaluated under natural and accelerated weathering. Specimens of bamboo lumber were exposed to natural weathering for 150 days. Another set of specimens were exposed to UV light source (UVA 360) in accelerated weathering tester up to 250 hours. A comparative study on the level of degradation in natural and accelerated weathering was made by evaluating CIEL*a*b* colour changes measured using a Hunter lab spectro-colorimeter. Rate of color change due to photo-degradation were evaluated. Results showed that all three color axes, viz. lightness (L*), redness (a*) and yellowness (b*) changed linearly with respect to time under natural exposure, but only L* was changed under accelerated weathering, keeping a* and b* values to be almost constant. Photodegradation of bamboo was mainly due to UV light absorption by chromophores present in the lignin, which constitutes about 32,2 % of total bamboo.","PeriodicalId":39305,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bamboo and Rattan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77378845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-24DOI: 10.55899/09734449.22/21.2b/331
Francis Kofi Bih, K. Antwi, Joseph Appiah-Yeboah
This work examines how ash and the mineral elements in four bamboo culm growth stages (shoot, juvenile, mature and dead) can affect fuel conversion technology plants through slagging, fouling, and corrosion. 48 samples consisting of the shoot; juvenile; mature and dead culms were tested for ash content and ash mineral elements. The mean values of ash contents of the bamboo culm growth stages across the three ecological zones were from 0.93% to 2.11%. The contents were within the threshold approved in the EN standards EN 14775 ≥3%. The mean values of carbon across the culm growth stages ranged from 48.46% to 53.31%. Hydrogen among the bamboo culms ranged from 5.60 to 7.04%. Higher carbon and hydrogen contents lead to higher heating values. Nitrogen among the culm growth stages ranged from 0.31 to 0.79%. The concentration levels of N in the culms were within the threshold prescribed in the EN standards EN 15104 ≥ 1%. The mean Cu concentration of mature culms ranged from 0.89-1.31 ppm; Zn ranged from 2.74-3.25 ppm; As varies from 0.055 to 0.078 ppm; Ni ranges from 0.43-0.85 ppm and Cd in the mature bamboo culm ranged from 0.81 to 3.66 ppm. Amount the minor ash elementals calcium in the mature culm ranged from 16.70 to 26.49 ppm; potassium (K) from 0.42-2.45 ppm and Mg from Ca and Mg contents increases the melting point of ash K content lowers the melting point of ash which can cause slagging. The concentrations of minor and heavy metals were below the standard set by EN 1496 1-2 and therefore may not cause problems to human health or slagging to combustion plants for the production of biofuels.
{"title":"Mineral Concentration and ash content of bamboo (Bambusa vulgaris Schrader ex Wendland var. vulgaris) culm growth stages in three ecological zones in Ghana","authors":"Francis Kofi Bih, K. Antwi, Joseph Appiah-Yeboah","doi":"10.55899/09734449.22/21.2b/331","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55899/09734449.22/21.2b/331","url":null,"abstract":"This work examines how ash and the mineral elements in four bamboo culm growth stages (shoot, juvenile, mature and dead) can affect fuel conversion technology plants through slagging, fouling, and corrosion. 48 samples consisting of the shoot; juvenile; mature and dead culms were tested for ash content and ash mineral elements. The mean values of ash contents of the bamboo culm growth stages across the three ecological zones were from 0.93% to 2.11%. The contents were within the threshold approved in the EN standards EN 14775 ≥3%. The mean values of carbon across the culm growth stages ranged from 48.46% to 53.31%. Hydrogen among the bamboo culms ranged from 5.60 to 7.04%. Higher carbon and hydrogen contents lead to higher heating values. Nitrogen among the culm growth stages ranged from 0.31 to 0.79%. The concentration levels of N in the culms were within the threshold prescribed in the EN standards EN 15104 ≥ 1%. The mean Cu concentration of mature culms ranged from 0.89-1.31 ppm; Zn ranged from 2.74-3.25 ppm; As varies from 0.055 to 0.078 ppm; Ni ranges from 0.43-0.85 ppm and Cd in the mature bamboo culm ranged from 0.81 to 3.66 ppm. Amount the minor ash elementals calcium in the mature culm ranged from 16.70 to 26.49 ppm; potassium (K) from 0.42-2.45 ppm and Mg from Ca and Mg contents increases the melting point of ash K content lowers the melting point of ash which can cause slagging. The concentrations of minor and heavy metals were below the standard set by EN 1496 1-2 and therefore may not cause problems to human health or slagging to combustion plants for the production of biofuels.","PeriodicalId":39305,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bamboo and Rattan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80938281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-24DOI: 10.55899/09734449.22/21.2a/330
L. Aribal, Jason A. Parlucha, Jayson N. Gelaga, Raynilda J. Aribal, P. E. Sedenio
The study aims to produce composite boards from two bamboo species i.e., Bambusa blumeana and Dendrocalamus asper. The composites were termed as “strip-board” and “shavings-board” to indicate that such was processed from shavings and strips, respectively. The strip-board was produced from 1.2 meter poles. The poles were turned into slats and were deskinned, denoded, and further processed into thin long strips. The shavings-board were made from the internodes converted into slats, deskinned, and processed into thin materials. During defibering, the vascular bundles were cooked in three varying NaOH-water concentrations (i.e., 1%, 3%, and 5%) for 3 hours. The cooked bundles were thoroughly washed and dried to 14% MC, applied with polyvinyl acetate, and pressed at 1000 psi. The produced boards were cured, dried, and samples were subsequently tested for tensile, compression, and bending strength following the ASTM D-143-22 standards. The data were analyzed using the 2×2×3 (i.e., species, board type, NaOH concentration) factorial experiment in CRD. Results showed that the pressing pressure used was insufficient to produce void-free boards. No interaction was noted between the three factors, but the main effect indicated that B. blumeana has significantly higher tensile and compression strength compared to D. asper. The strip-boards also obtained the same compared to shavings-boards. Despite the strength properties exhibited by B. blumeana, boards from D. asper were economical because of the lower price per pole and production cost. We conclude that the high pressing pressure was the most crucial factor in producing void-free, tightly compacted dense boards
{"title":"Production of composite boards from Bambusa blumeana Schult.f. and Dendrocalamus asper (Schult.) Backer","authors":"L. Aribal, Jason A. Parlucha, Jayson N. Gelaga, Raynilda J. Aribal, P. E. Sedenio","doi":"10.55899/09734449.22/21.2a/330","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55899/09734449.22/21.2a/330","url":null,"abstract":"The study aims to produce composite boards from two bamboo species i.e., Bambusa blumeana and Dendrocalamus asper. The composites were termed as “strip-board” and “shavings-board” to indicate that such was processed from shavings and strips, respectively. The strip-board was produced from 1.2 meter poles. The poles were turned into slats and were deskinned, denoded, and further processed into thin long strips. The shavings-board were made from the internodes converted into slats, deskinned, and processed into thin materials. During defibering, the vascular bundles were cooked in three varying NaOH-water concentrations (i.e., 1%, 3%, and 5%) for 3 hours. The cooked bundles were thoroughly washed and dried to 14% MC, applied with polyvinyl acetate, and pressed at 1000 psi. The produced boards were cured, dried, and samples were subsequently tested for tensile, compression, and bending strength following the ASTM D-143-22 standards. The data were analyzed using the 2×2×3 (i.e., species, board type, NaOH concentration) factorial experiment in CRD. Results showed that the pressing pressure used was insufficient to produce void-free boards. No interaction was noted between the three factors, but the main effect indicated that B. blumeana has significantly higher tensile and compression strength compared to D. asper. The strip-boards also obtained the same compared to shavings-boards. Despite the strength properties exhibited by B. blumeana, boards from D. asper were economical because of the lower price per pole and production cost. We conclude that the high pressing pressure was the most crucial factor in producing void-free, tightly compacted dense boards","PeriodicalId":39305,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bamboo and Rattan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72644981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-30DOI: 10.55899/09734449.22/21.1b/326
Sijimol K, Sreekumar Vb, Suma Arun Dev
Ochlandra travancorica is one of the eco- nomically important endemic reed bamboos of the Western Ghats. They are indiscriminately harvested for commercial usage in paper, pulp, and traditional cottage industries. This has drastically affected its viable populations in the Western Ghats. SSR markers were employed for characterizing the selected natural population to assess genetic diversity and infer genetic structure in their natural distribution range. The marker analysis revealed existence of high genetic diversity in sampled populations of O. travancorica (He=0.834, I=2.092). Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) revealed that a large proportion of genetic variation (84 %) is confined within the populations and only 16 percent was observed between populations. The pattern of genetic admixture generated in STRUCTURE analysis revealed high level of substructuring of populations. This might be due to close proximities of populations and high amount of gene flow (Nm=1.456) among them. Genetically diverse populations as indicated by number of, private alleles, gene diversity, heterozygosity and polymorphic content in different geographical areas indicate the need for ex situ conservation and genetic improvement programmes. Periyar and Malayatoor populations with significant genetic admixtures can also be recommended for resource conservation of reed bamboo species.
{"title":"Genetic diversity and structure of Ochlandra travancorica populations from Kerala part of the Western Ghats","authors":"Sijimol K, Sreekumar Vb, Suma Arun Dev","doi":"10.55899/09734449.22/21.1b/326","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55899/09734449.22/21.1b/326","url":null,"abstract":"Ochlandra travancorica is one of the eco- nomically important endemic reed bamboos of the Western Ghats. They are indiscriminately harvested for commercial usage in paper, pulp, and traditional cottage industries. This has drastically affected its viable populations in the Western Ghats. SSR markers were employed for characterizing the selected natural population to assess genetic diversity and infer genetic structure in their natural distribution range. The marker analysis revealed existence of high genetic diversity in sampled populations of O. travancorica (He=0.834, I=2.092). Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) revealed that a large proportion of genetic variation (84 %) is confined within the populations and only 16 percent was observed between populations. The pattern of genetic admixture generated in STRUCTURE analysis revealed high level of substructuring of populations. This might be due to close proximities of populations and high amount of gene flow (Nm=1.456) among them. Genetically diverse populations as indicated by number of, private alleles, gene diversity, heterozygosity and polymorphic content in different geographical areas indicate the need for ex situ conservation and genetic improvement programmes. Periyar and Malayatoor populations with significant genetic admixtures can also be recommended for resource conservation of reed bamboo species.","PeriodicalId":39305,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bamboo and Rattan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86202031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-30DOI: 10.55899/09734449.22/21.1a/325
Amani Ka, Kunhamu Tk, Jijeesh Cm, N. P., Santhoshkumar Av, Anjana Cb
A field study was carried out in two-year-old bambusetum established at main campus, Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur, Kerala to evaluate the growth performance of selected six bamboo species of potential relevance to the humid tracts of Kerala, India. The selected bamboos included are Dendrocalamus longispathus Kurz; D. brandisii (Munro) Kurz, D. asper (Schult.f.) Back.ex Heyne; Bambusa balcooa Roxb; B. vulgaris Schrad and B. tulda Roxb. Growth parameters such as clump height, clump circumference (at 1.37 m), culm girth (at 1.37 m), internodal length and number of culms were observed in the field at periodic intervals of four months. The field result showed considerable variation in growth and productivity among the six bamboo species under study. Overall growth performance was better for B. vulgaris, D. brandisii and D. longispathus. For instance, B. vulgaris and D. brandisii were the toppers in terms of clump height, clump circumference and culm girth while B. tulda showed relatively poor growth for these parameters. Among the species, the highest internodal length was observed for D. brandisii and D. longispathus while B. tulda recorded the shortest internodal length. Number of culms per clump was highest for D. asper while it was the lowest for B. balcooa. Faster growth rendered by all the species except for B. tulda suggest their vast potential for integration in the farm lands of Kerala for enhancing the economic and ecological benefits to the farmers.
{"title":"Growth performance of selected bamboo species suitable for humid tropics of Kerala, India","authors":"Amani Ka, Kunhamu Tk, Jijeesh Cm, N. P., Santhoshkumar Av, Anjana Cb","doi":"10.55899/09734449.22/21.1a/325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55899/09734449.22/21.1a/325","url":null,"abstract":"A field study was carried out in two-year-old bambusetum established at main campus, Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur, Kerala to evaluate the growth performance of selected six bamboo species of potential relevance to the humid tracts of Kerala, India. The selected bamboos included are Dendrocalamus longispathus Kurz; D. brandisii (Munro) Kurz, D. asper (Schult.f.) Back.ex Heyne; Bambusa balcooa Roxb; B. vulgaris Schrad and B. tulda Roxb. Growth parameters such as clump height, clump circumference (at 1.37 m), culm girth (at 1.37 m), internodal length and number of culms were observed in the field at periodic intervals of four months. The field result showed considerable variation in growth and productivity among the six bamboo species under study. Overall growth performance was better for B. vulgaris, D. brandisii and D. longispathus. For instance, B. vulgaris and D. brandisii were the toppers in terms of clump height, clump circumference and culm girth while B. tulda showed relatively poor growth for these parameters. Among the species, the highest internodal length was observed for D. brandisii and D. longispathus while B. tulda recorded the shortest internodal length. Number of culms per clump was highest for D. asper while it was the lowest for B. balcooa. Faster growth rendered by all the species except for B. tulda suggest their vast potential for integration in the farm lands of Kerala for enhancing the economic and ecological benefits to the farmers.","PeriodicalId":39305,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bamboo and Rattan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77194666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-30DOI: 10.55899/09734449.22/21.1c/327
Solomon Das, Singh Yp, Yogesh K Negi, Shrivastava Pc
Bamboo, called as the poor man’s timber, is one of the fastest growing giant grass species. Having shallow root system and fast growth rate, the dependability of the plant on the rhizospheric microbial web cannot be denied. The study was conducted to explore the population and seasonal variations of indigenous mycorrhizal fungi as well as the functional diversity of plant growth promoting bacteria, especially fluorescent pseudomonas from the different growth forms of Dendrocalamus strictus, the most commonly present bamboo species in Indian sub-continent. In a past study, it was established that the growth forms of D. strictus which developed over time in their respective locations, were genetically varied. The present research further explores the variations in their respective rhizospheric microbes and looks for the role of plant selection phenomenon. Considerable variation in mycorrhizal structures and in the functional diversity of Pseudomonas fluorescence was registered. Nutrient deficient conditions, especially low soil phosphorous (P), maybe created a niche or condition that could promoted the occurrence of high numbers of P solubilizers which, in turn, boosted the mycorrhizal as well as bamboo growth.
{"title":"Population structure and functional diversity of mycorrhizal fungi and Pseudomonas fluorescence in different growth forms of Dendrocalamus strictus","authors":"Solomon Das, Singh Yp, Yogesh K Negi, Shrivastava Pc","doi":"10.55899/09734449.22/21.1c/327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55899/09734449.22/21.1c/327","url":null,"abstract":"Bamboo, called as the poor man’s timber, is one of the fastest growing giant grass species. Having shallow root system and fast growth rate, the dependability of the plant on the rhizospheric microbial web cannot be denied. The study was conducted to explore the population and seasonal variations of indigenous mycorrhizal fungi as well as the functional diversity of plant growth promoting bacteria, especially fluorescent pseudomonas from the different growth forms of Dendrocalamus strictus, the most commonly present bamboo species in Indian sub-continent. In a past study, it was established that the growth forms of D. strictus which developed over time in their respective locations, were genetically varied. The present research further explores the variations in their respective rhizospheric microbes and looks for the role of plant selection phenomenon. Considerable variation in mycorrhizal structures and in the functional diversity of Pseudomonas fluorescence was registered. Nutrient deficient conditions, especially low soil phosphorous (P), maybe created a niche or condition that could promoted the occurrence of high numbers of P solubilizers which, in turn, boosted the mycorrhizal as well as bamboo growth.","PeriodicalId":39305,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bamboo and Rattan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84154235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-30DOI: 10.55899/09734449.22/21.1d/328
Tashi Wangmo, Ugyen Thinley, U. Dorji, S. Rai
Mass flowering of Borinda grossa occurred in 2015 in the central region of Bhutan. To assess its growth after natural regeneration, a field study was carried out in the Busa community forest (CF) located in Sephu gewog, Wangduephodrang district. A total of 39 sample plots of quadrat size 10 × 10 m were laid out in a study site of 80 hectares using systematic sampling to carry out bamboo inventory. The soil samples were collected using composite soil sampling from all the plots. Sample plots were categorized into bamboo presence and absence plots. Growth of bamboo was assessed in association with environmental factors. Wilcoxon signed rank test was used to compare environmental parameters between bamboo presence and absence plots. The result indicated significant differences in elevation, canopy cover and soil electrical conductivity. The growth of bamboo by diameter, height and count was highest in the elevation range between 2700 to 2800 m under medium canopy cover of 20 to 40% in loamy-sandy soil. Maximum number of bamboos was found in north and west facing slopes
{"title":"Growth assessment of Borinda grossa after natural regeneration in relation to environmental factors","authors":"Tashi Wangmo, Ugyen Thinley, U. Dorji, S. Rai","doi":"10.55899/09734449.22/21.1d/328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55899/09734449.22/21.1d/328","url":null,"abstract":"Mass flowering of Borinda grossa occurred in 2015 in the central region of Bhutan. To assess its growth after natural regeneration, a field study was carried out in the Busa community forest (CF) located in Sephu gewog, Wangduephodrang district. A total of 39 sample plots of quadrat size 10 × 10 m were laid out in a study site of 80 hectares using systematic sampling to carry out bamboo inventory. The soil samples were collected using composite soil sampling from all the plots. Sample plots were categorized into bamboo presence and absence plots. Growth of bamboo was assessed in association with environmental factors. Wilcoxon signed rank test was used to compare environmental parameters between bamboo presence and absence plots. The result indicated significant differences in elevation, canopy cover and soil electrical conductivity. The growth of bamboo by diameter, height and count was highest in the elevation range between 2700 to 2800 m under medium canopy cover of 20 to 40% in loamy-sandy soil. Maximum number of bamboos was found in north and west facing slopes","PeriodicalId":39305,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bamboo and Rattan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78850648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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