Pub Date : 2018-02-28DOI: 10.6000/1929-6002.2017.06.04.2
Di Sivo Michele Basti Antonio, Ladiana Daniela, C. Cristiana
Hot and humid Extreme Climate Areas, like the United Arab Emirates, pose unique challenges for architects and engineers seeking innovative technologies for energy and environmental efficient building designs; at the same time, these regions are characterized by an innovative spirit that pushes to develop and implement projects to test renewable building technologies and solutions. The research team, which includes the Engineering faculty of The British University in Dubai, is working to develop design strategies that contribute to implementing low-energy and off-grid architecture in the UAE. The goal is to design a home balancing human comfort and efficient energy use, and to respond to the site’s climatic and contextual variables. The research aims to design a water-conserving, net-zero energy single-family home that can be used as a prototype for new building developments in this area. The approach developed toward an energy-efficient design process includes both traditional bioclimatic elements and high-performance active technological systems. The experimental design process also aims to reduce the building’s environmental impact while creating a comfortable and responsive living environment. In this way, efficient water use and renewable energy features can be aesthetically, economically and culturally integrated into the home’s architecture to improve its residents' quality of life. The house design responds to the climate challenges and complements active systems reducing energy use and associated carbon emissions. At the same time, it aims to contribute to the development of appropriate architecture, a starting point for simple architectural expression in the UAE.
{"title":"Form follows Zero Energy: Technological Design for Sustainable Housing in Extreme Climate Areas","authors":"Di Sivo Michele Basti Antonio, Ladiana Daniela, C. Cristiana","doi":"10.6000/1929-6002.2017.06.04.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6000/1929-6002.2017.06.04.2","url":null,"abstract":"Hot and humid Extreme Climate Areas, like the United Arab Emirates, pose unique challenges for architects and engineers seeking innovative technologies for energy and environmental efficient building designs; at the same time, these regions are characterized by an innovative spirit that pushes to develop and implement projects to test renewable building technologies and solutions. The research team, which includes the Engineering faculty of The British University in Dubai, is working to develop design strategies that contribute to implementing low-energy and off-grid architecture in the UAE. The goal is to design a home balancing human comfort and efficient energy use, and to respond to the site’s climatic and contextual variables. The research aims to design a water-conserving, net-zero energy single-family home that can be used as a prototype for new building developments in this area. The approach developed toward an energy-efficient design process includes both traditional bioclimatic elements and high-performance active technological systems. The experimental design process also aims to reduce the building’s environmental impact while creating a comfortable and responsive living environment. In this way, efficient water use and renewable energy features can be aesthetically, economically and culturally integrated into the home’s architecture to improve its residents' quality of life. The house design responds to the climate challenges and complements active systems reducing energy use and associated carbon emissions. At the same time, it aims to contribute to the development of appropriate architecture, a starting point for simple architectural expression in the UAE.","PeriodicalId":394478,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Technology Innovations in Renewable Energy","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129772399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-09-29DOI: 10.6000/1929-6002.2017.06.02.3
Z. Mustafa, D. Yordanov, R. Milina
The oil fractions, extracted under different conditions from spent coffee grounds, were used to produce biodiesel fuels and investigate their FAME profiles. For producing of fuels, esterification and transesterification of oils with homogeneous catalysts were applied. Investigation of the esters composition (FAME) in biodiesel is carried out by modified gas chromatographic method EN 14103. The content of each individual ester was calculated using the method of internal standard. The results of total and individual FAME content in all studied objects are shown. The results show the feedstocks and extraction conditions (catalysts, temperatures) for obtaining the biodiesel with high yield and balanced composition.
{"title":"Production and Investigation of Biodiesel Fuels from Spent Coffee Grounds","authors":"Z. Mustafa, D. Yordanov, R. Milina","doi":"10.6000/1929-6002.2017.06.02.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6000/1929-6002.2017.06.02.3","url":null,"abstract":"The oil fractions, extracted under different conditions from spent coffee grounds, were used to produce biodiesel fuels and investigate their FAME profiles. For producing of fuels, esterification and transesterification of oils with homogeneous catalysts were applied. Investigation of the esters composition (FAME) in biodiesel is carried out by modified gas chromatographic method EN 14103. The content of each individual ester was calculated using the method of internal standard. The results of total and individual FAME content in all studied objects are shown. The results show the feedstocks and extraction conditions (catalysts, temperatures) for obtaining the biodiesel with high yield and balanced composition.","PeriodicalId":394478,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Technology Innovations in Renewable Energy","volume":"08 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128138981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-09-29DOI: 10.6000/1929-6002.2017.06.02.2
A. Shanono, I. Diso, I. Garba
The characterisation of raw vegetable oils of neem and jatropha curcas seeds was experimentally carried out in order to obtain requisite data for the design process of liquid bio fuels cooking stoves. Properties of nineteen vegetable oils/kerosene blends including the kerosene sample were also experimentally determined for the purpose of testing the designed and developed bio stoves that utilised these fuel/oils blends as fuels. Results of the characterisation revealed that the kinematic viscosity of jatropha oil (57.6 mm 2 /s) was 36 times more than the viscosity of the kerosene sample (1.6 mm 2 /s). On the other hand, the viscosity of neem oil (62.6 mm 2 /s) was 39 times greater than that of the kerosene sample. In addition, the density of jatropha curcas oil (860 kg/m 3 ) was more than that of the kerosene (760 kg/m 3 ) by 13.16%, while the density of neem oil (890 kg/m 3 ) exceeded that of kerosene sample by 17.11%; all the tests were conducted at 30 o C. Meanwhile, the acid number values of jatropha (1.2 mg KOH/g) and neem (3.1 mg KOH/g) oils did not meet the ASTM D6751 acid number standard specification, and only jatropha curcas oil satisfied the DIN 51605 specification. Blending of the oils with kerosene ensured that all the kerosene/jatropha oil blends met the DIN 51605 specification, however only six kerosene/neem oil blends (10% to 60% concentrations) satisfied the requirement. Moreover, among all the kerosene/oils blends, only the 10% and 20% jatropha and 10% neem oils concentrations in the blends met the ASTM D6751 standard acid number specification.
{"title":"Characterisation of Neem and Jatropha Curcas Oils and their Blends with Kerosene for Combustion in Liquid Bio Fuels Cooking Stoves","authors":"A. Shanono, I. Diso, I. Garba","doi":"10.6000/1929-6002.2017.06.02.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6000/1929-6002.2017.06.02.2","url":null,"abstract":"The characterisation of raw vegetable oils of neem and jatropha curcas seeds was experimentally carried out in order to obtain requisite data for the design process of liquid bio fuels cooking stoves. Properties of nineteen vegetable oils/kerosene blends including the kerosene sample were also experimentally determined for the purpose of testing the designed and developed bio stoves that utilised these fuel/oils blends as fuels. Results of the characterisation revealed that the kinematic viscosity of jatropha oil (57.6 mm 2 /s) was 36 times more than the viscosity of the kerosene sample (1.6 mm 2 /s). On the other hand, the viscosity of neem oil (62.6 mm 2 /s) was 39 times greater than that of the kerosene sample. In addition, the density of jatropha curcas oil (860 kg/m 3 ) was more than that of the kerosene (760 kg/m 3 ) by 13.16%, while the density of neem oil (890 kg/m 3 ) exceeded that of kerosene sample by 17.11%; all the tests were conducted at 30 o C. Meanwhile, the acid number values of jatropha (1.2 mg KOH/g) and neem (3.1 mg KOH/g) oils did not meet the ASTM D6751 acid number standard specification, and only jatropha curcas oil satisfied the DIN 51605 specification. Blending of the oils with kerosene ensured that all the kerosene/jatropha oil blends met the DIN 51605 specification, however only six kerosene/neem oil blends (10% to 60% concentrations) satisfied the requirement. Moreover, among all the kerosene/oils blends, only the 10% and 20% jatropha and 10% neem oils concentrations in the blends met the ASTM D6751 standard acid number specification.","PeriodicalId":394478,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Technology Innovations in Renewable Energy","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133851543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-09-29DOI: 10.6000/1929-6002.2017.06.02.4
P. Gangotri, K. M. Gangotri
The Object of the Study is to observe the enhancement on photogalvanics in presence of cationic micellar species i.e. cetyl pyridinium chloride in photogalvanic cell for solar energy conversion and storage. The photogalvanic system provides the higher values in maximum current value 225.0 µA as compare to 15.0 µA in without micellar system. The power at power point of the cell is 28.12 µW as compare to 3.00 µW and storage capacity of cationic micellar system is 25.0 min. as compare to 11.0 minutes in without micellar photogalvanic cell. The conversion efficiency and i-V characteristics of the cells have been determined and a mechanism has also been proposed for the generation of electricity in photogalvanic cells having cationic micellar species and without micellar system.
{"title":"Study in Cationic Micellar Effect on Photogalvanics: Cetyl Pyridinium Chloride- Ethylene Diamine Tetra Acetic Acid – Safranine O System for Solar Energy Conversion and Storage","authors":"P. Gangotri, K. M. Gangotri","doi":"10.6000/1929-6002.2017.06.02.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6000/1929-6002.2017.06.02.4","url":null,"abstract":"The Object of the Study is to observe the enhancement on photogalvanics in presence of cationic micellar species i.e. cetyl pyridinium chloride in photogalvanic cell for solar energy conversion and storage. The photogalvanic system provides the higher values in maximum current value 225.0 µA as compare to 15.0 µA in without micellar system. The power at power point of the cell is 28.12 µW as compare to 3.00 µW and storage capacity of cationic micellar system is 25.0 min. as compare to 11.0 minutes in without micellar photogalvanic cell. The conversion efficiency and i-V characteristics of the cells have been determined and a mechanism has also been proposed for the generation of electricity in photogalvanic cells having cationic micellar species and without micellar system.","PeriodicalId":394478,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Technology Innovations in Renewable Energy","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114064819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-09-29DOI: 10.6000/1929-6002.2017.06.02.1
Zinaida DimitrijeviÄ, I. Salihbegovic
The sustainable development requires policies and measures which negative impacts would not be spilled over on another area or has trends that pose severe or irreversible threats to future quality of life. The environmental costs-benefits analysis (CBA) as well as multi criteria analyse are the most common used methods for the decision making processes including the approved methodology for quantifying external costs especially regarding air quality. Since the reducing one type of external cost generates another external cost due to fact that the problem is only shifted from the one area to the another CBA is not enough for the decision making process because external cost of a future implemented measure isn't considered. By the usage of Life-cycle costing (LCC), a tool which evaluates the costs of an new installed asset imposed trough the adopted policy or measure throughout its life cycle, it is possible beside the common costs for conducting CBA include also the end-of-life and disposal costs as the new installed asset’s external costs too. These costs have to be calculated and added to the cost side of CBA before comparing to the benefits. So, for the purpose of decision making process of the retrofitting existing thermal power plants with DeSOx such calculation has been done as a case study for one thermal power plant in Bosnia and Herzegovina highlighting overall costs and benefits of the DeSOx installation.
{"title":"Additional External Costs Analysis and Environmental CBA","authors":"Zinaida DimitrijeviÄ, I. Salihbegovic","doi":"10.6000/1929-6002.2017.06.02.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6000/1929-6002.2017.06.02.1","url":null,"abstract":"The sustainable development requires policies and measures which negative impacts would not be spilled over on another area or has trends that pose severe or irreversible threats to future quality of life. The environmental costs-benefits analysis (CBA) as well as multi criteria analyse are the most common used methods for the decision making processes including the approved methodology for quantifying external costs especially regarding air quality. Since the reducing one type of external cost generates another external cost due to fact that the problem is only shifted from the one area to the another CBA is not enough for the decision making process because external cost of a future implemented measure isn't considered. By the usage of Life-cycle costing (LCC), a tool which evaluates the costs of an new installed asset imposed trough the adopted policy or measure throughout its life cycle, it is possible beside the common costs for conducting CBA include also the end-of-life and disposal costs as the new installed asset’s external costs too. These costs have to be calculated and added to the cost side of CBA before comparing to the benefits. So, for the purpose of decision making process of the retrofitting existing thermal power plants with DeSOx such calculation has been done as a case study for one thermal power plant in Bosnia and Herzegovina highlighting overall costs and benefits of the DeSOx installation.","PeriodicalId":394478,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Technology Innovations in Renewable Energy","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127405951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-04-06DOI: 10.6000/1929-6002.2017.06.01.4
R. Sharma, B. Bhattarai, B. Sapkota, Mohan B. Gewali, B. Kjeldstad
Measurement of elemental carbon (EC) and black carbon (BC) aerosols was carried out using AE-31, 7 channel aethalometer at Kathmandu and Biratnagar; two mega cities of Nepal, for five months, January to May 2011 to study its temporal and spatial variation. Total solar radiation was also monitored using Kipp and Zonen CMP 6 pyranometer. Monthly concentration variation for EC and BC was distinct in both study sites. At Biratnagar, monthly EC concentration varies from 3.3 -20.7 µg /m 3 while in Kathmandu it varies between 6.0-13.7 µg /m 3 . Similarly, BC monthly concentration ranges from 3.3 -20.1 µg /m 3 and 7.0-14.9 µg /m 3 respectively. It was found that both EC and BC were highest during January in both the sites and it decreases gradually. Monthly average solar radiation shows a maximum value in May and minimum in January. A distinct anti-correlation between monthly average carbonaceous aerosols and total solar radiation was observed. Moreover, there was a pronounced diurnal variation of both carbonaceous aerosols EC and BC in the sites with two high peaks one in the morning at about 9:00 and another at late evening 20:00 local time with minimum concentration in the afternoon. The nature of peaks were different at two sites. Biratnagar shows a larger evening peak while Kathmandu shows in the morning inferring heavy domestic and industrial fuel consuming activities in evening and morning respectively. In addition to this, daily and monthly concentration of EC was more than BC at Biratnagar reflecting slightly more biomass fuel consumption than fossil fuel for domestic, industrial and other urban activities. In contrast to this, Kathmandu shows more domination of fossil fuel than biofuel because of reverse order concentration of carbonaceous aerosols. Total solar radiation also shows apparent diurnal variation in both sites with the highest value at around noon time.
{"title":"The Scenario of Carbonaceous Aerosols and Total Solar Radiation in Two Cities in Nepal","authors":"R. Sharma, B. Bhattarai, B. Sapkota, Mohan B. Gewali, B. Kjeldstad","doi":"10.6000/1929-6002.2017.06.01.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6000/1929-6002.2017.06.01.4","url":null,"abstract":"Measurement of elemental carbon (EC) and black carbon (BC) aerosols was carried out using AE-31, 7 channel aethalometer at Kathmandu and Biratnagar; two mega cities of Nepal, for five months, January to May 2011 to study its temporal and spatial variation. Total solar radiation was also monitored using Kipp and Zonen CMP 6 pyranometer. Monthly concentration variation for EC and BC was distinct in both study sites. At Biratnagar, monthly EC concentration varies from 3.3 -20.7 µg /m 3 while in Kathmandu it varies between 6.0-13.7 µg /m 3 . Similarly, BC monthly concentration ranges from 3.3 -20.1 µg /m 3 and 7.0-14.9 µg /m 3 respectively. It was found that both EC and BC were highest during January in both the sites and it decreases gradually. Monthly average solar radiation shows a maximum value in May and minimum in January. A distinct anti-correlation between monthly average carbonaceous aerosols and total solar radiation was observed. Moreover, there was a pronounced diurnal variation of both carbonaceous aerosols EC and BC in the sites with two high peaks one in the morning at about 9:00 and another at late evening 20:00 local time with minimum concentration in the afternoon. The nature of peaks were different at two sites. Biratnagar shows a larger evening peak while Kathmandu shows in the morning inferring heavy domestic and industrial fuel consuming activities in evening and morning respectively. In addition to this, daily and monthly concentration of EC was more than BC at Biratnagar reflecting slightly more biomass fuel consumption than fossil fuel for domestic, industrial and other urban activities. In contrast to this, Kathmandu shows more domination of fossil fuel than biofuel because of reverse order concentration of carbonaceous aerosols. Total solar radiation also shows apparent diurnal variation in both sites with the highest value at around noon time.","PeriodicalId":394478,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Technology Innovations in Renewable Energy","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126599416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-04-06DOI: 10.6000/1929-6002.2017.06.01.3
M. Islam
This paper discusses the evolution of various energy resources, their reserves, and usages for policy makers and energy experts. It finds that there is a huge supply-side deficit to meet the demand of the 7 billion people in today’s world. To meet this huge energy needs, alternative energy sources are investigated and suggestions are made to address energy crises in Bangladesh and global contexts. The author argues that with the advancement of technology, a completely new nuclear meaning thorium reactors, small modular reactors, and novel solar technologies can offer potential alternatives to meet the needs of mankind. In addition, developing cost-effective carbon capture storage devices to catch carbon at its generating sources, energy storage devices, and energy culture model can be explored. The search for alternative technologies and energy culture require robust discussion, cooperation, and investment in clean energy sources. The paper concludes with a discussion of future energy policy and appropriate action plans to adopt emerging alternative technologies as per the promises made at the Paris Climate Change Accord COP21.
{"title":"Alternative Energy Sources for Energy Crisis: Rethinking the Global and Bangladesh Perspectives","authors":"M. Islam","doi":"10.6000/1929-6002.2017.06.01.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6000/1929-6002.2017.06.01.3","url":null,"abstract":"This paper discusses the evolution of various energy resources, their reserves, and usages for policy makers and energy experts. It finds that there is a huge supply-side deficit to meet the demand of the 7 billion people in today’s world. To meet this huge energy needs, alternative energy sources are investigated and suggestions are made to address energy crises in Bangladesh and global contexts. The author argues that with the advancement of technology, a completely new nuclear meaning thorium reactors, small modular reactors, and novel solar technologies can offer potential alternatives to meet the needs of mankind. In addition, developing cost-effective carbon capture storage devices to catch carbon at its generating sources, energy storage devices, and energy culture model can be explored. The search for alternative technologies and energy culture require robust discussion, cooperation, and investment in clean energy sources. The paper concludes with a discussion of future energy policy and appropriate action plans to adopt emerging alternative technologies as per the promises made at the Paris Climate Change Accord COP21.","PeriodicalId":394478,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Technology Innovations in Renewable Energy","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128778148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-04-06DOI: 10.6000/1929-6002.2017.06.01.1
Dina M R Mateus, M. Vaz, H. Pinho
Constructed wetlands (CW) are a clean and environmentally friendly alternative to conventional wastewater treatment methods, namely in the removal of the nutrients responsible for the eutrophication of receiving water bodies, as is the case of phosphorus compounds. The materials used as CW filling can directly contribute to the removal of phosphorus compounds from wastewater, but with the operating time they tend to become saturated and treatment efficiency decreases. In order to evaluate the viability of producing an energy crop in phosphorus-saturated CW, sugarcane growth was monitored in two pilot-scale CW filled with two different expanded clay aggregates used for 10 years in wastewater treatment. This paper presents the results obtained during the first year of plant development in the plant-cane cycle. Morphologic aspects of sugarcane growth, such as height and average diameter of stems, average leaf area and number of new sprouts, have been monitored. The results obtained are comparable with those cited in the literature for traditional cultivation. Dry biomass productivity of 26.6 ton per hectare per year can be achieved. Estimated sucrose productivity can reach 13.5 ton per hectare per year, and related bioethanol production potential can be between 2.4 and 7.6 cubic meters per hectare per year, depending on the CW filter media used. It is concluded that the cultivation of sugarcane in CW allows to extend the life of these systems by reusing fillers, and simultaneously is an alternative to produce bioethanol raw-material without the use of scarce resources such as arable land, fresh water and plant nutrients.
{"title":"Valorisation of Phosphorus-Saturated Constructed Wetlands for the Production of Sugarcane","authors":"Dina M R Mateus, M. Vaz, H. Pinho","doi":"10.6000/1929-6002.2017.06.01.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6000/1929-6002.2017.06.01.1","url":null,"abstract":"Constructed wetlands (CW) are a clean and environmentally friendly alternative to conventional wastewater treatment methods, namely in the removal of the nutrients responsible for the eutrophication of receiving water bodies, as is the case of phosphorus compounds. The materials used as CW filling can directly contribute to the removal of phosphorus compounds from wastewater, but with the operating time they tend to become saturated and treatment efficiency decreases. In order to evaluate the viability of producing an energy crop in phosphorus-saturated CW, sugarcane growth was monitored in two pilot-scale CW filled with two different expanded clay aggregates used for 10 years in wastewater treatment. This paper presents the results obtained during the first year of plant development in the plant-cane cycle. Morphologic aspects of sugarcane growth, such as height and average diameter of stems, average leaf area and number of new sprouts, have been monitored. The results obtained are comparable with those cited in the literature for traditional cultivation. Dry biomass productivity of 26.6 ton per hectare per year can be achieved. Estimated sucrose productivity can reach 13.5 ton per hectare per year, and related bioethanol production potential can be between 2.4 and 7.6 cubic meters per hectare per year, depending on the CW filter media used. It is concluded that the cultivation of sugarcane in CW allows to extend the life of these systems by reusing fillers, and simultaneously is an alternative to produce bioethanol raw-material without the use of scarce resources such as arable land, fresh water and plant nutrients.","PeriodicalId":394478,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Technology Innovations in Renewable Energy","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133302986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-04-06DOI: 10.6000/1929-6002.2017.06.01.2
Hitoshi Hayami, Masao Nakamura
Various alternative renewable energy sources have been proposed and implemented. These energy sources, which generally do not rely on fossil fuel, are distinguished from the traditional large scale energy projects in a number of ways. On the other hand, the circumstances surrounding renewable energy sources currently under use are characterized by their small size and scale and their economic impacts are generally local. For example, wind mills based electric power generation uses locally available wind currents and geothermal power generation uses locally available geothermal heat sources. Similarly, solar power generation uses solar power available in the local regions. These imply that the economic impacts of most renewable energy sources currently in use are local. We estimate our model using cross-sectional data of regional economies measured at the prefecture level in Japan. This will allow us to estimate the impacts of certain government policy variables at the regional level as well. One hypothesis we consider in this paper is that while solar power is still negligible in terms of its impact on Japan’s national economy, it has some economic impacts on the economies of the regions where they are located.
{"title":"The Economic Impacts of Renewal Energy on Local Economies: The Case of Solar Energy in Japan","authors":"Hitoshi Hayami, Masao Nakamura","doi":"10.6000/1929-6002.2017.06.01.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6000/1929-6002.2017.06.01.2","url":null,"abstract":"Various alternative renewable energy sources have been proposed and implemented. These energy sources, which generally do not rely on fossil fuel, are distinguished from the traditional large scale energy projects in a number of ways. On the other hand, the circumstances surrounding renewable energy sources currently under use are characterized by their small size and scale and their economic impacts are generally local. For example, wind mills based electric power generation uses locally available wind currents and geothermal power generation uses locally available geothermal heat sources. Similarly, solar power generation uses solar power available in the local regions. These imply that the economic impacts of most renewable energy sources currently in use are local. We estimate our model using cross-sectional data of regional economies measured at the prefecture level in Japan. This will allow us to estimate the impacts of certain government policy variables at the regional level as well. One hypothesis we consider in this paper is that while solar power is still negligible in terms of its impact on Japan’s national economy, it has some economic impacts on the economies of the regions where they are located.","PeriodicalId":394478,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Technology Innovations in Renewable Energy","volume":"233 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124187406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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