Manam Walait, Huda Rehman Mir, Zainab Hassan, J. I. Wattoo
Metabolic engineering is defined as recombinant DNA technology to improve specific biochemical reactions for product formation. We modify the metabolic processes of bacteria to get our desired food by metabolic engineering. Metabolic engineering will enhance these microorganisms' properties and their ability to produce a diverse number of products cost-effectively. To produce amino acids, we modify the central metabolic pathway, biosynthetic pathway, and transport pathway. In many food industries, the production of organic acids through different processes and techniques have proved very beneficial because of their widespread applications. In line with this information, the present review aimed to provide background information for researchers about genetically modified foods for increased food yield to fulfil the nutritional values for average body growth.
{"title":"Cracking the Metabolic engineering of bacteria: Review of methods involved in organic acid Production","authors":"Manam Walait, Huda Rehman Mir, Zainab Hassan, J. I. Wattoo","doi":"10.53365/nrfhh/143540","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53365/nrfhh/143540","url":null,"abstract":"Metabolic engineering is defined as recombinant DNA technology to improve specific biochemical reactions for product formation. We modify the metabolic processes of bacteria to get our desired food by metabolic engineering. Metabolic engineering will enhance these microorganisms' properties and their ability to produce a diverse number of products cost-effectively. To produce amino acids, we modify the central metabolic pathway, biosynthetic pathway, and transport pathway. In many food industries, the production of organic acids through different processes and techniques have proved very beneficial because of their widespread applications. In line with this information, the present review aimed to provide background information for researchers about genetically modified foods for increased food yield to fulfil the nutritional values for average body growth.","PeriodicalId":394827,"journal":{"name":"Natural Resources for Human Health","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131632777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gospel Vandir, Lalrinkimi Pangamte, Angshuman Tariang, S. Gouda
Zoonoses contribute an estimated 75% of new or re-emerging infectious diseases in humans with Covid-19 being the latest addition. Carnivores act as definitive hosts and reservoirs for several endoparasites with varied effects on human health. These interactions are fluctuating and adaptive, changing in response to various biotic and abiotic conditions. With the development of ‘One health movement’ more focus has been laid on zoonotic infections and their management. The present study showed that carnivores of Dampa Tiger Reserve (DTR) are host to several infectious parasites with a prevalence rate of 90.47%. Families like Felidae, Canidae, and Viverridae were found to host the maximum number of parasites. The parasite Paragonimus spp. were recorded to be present in the highest number (33 nos.) of scat samples followed by Strongyle spp. (27 nos.), Ascaris lumbricoides (23 nos.), and Isospora spp. (19 nos.). These parasites are known to infect humans through different modes like faecal-oral route, uncooked meat, fishes, and contaminated water and induced health implications like inflammatory in the brain, bronchitis, covert toxocariasis, acute lung inflammation etc. As the surrounding landscape of DTR continuous to shrink and humans are more prone to these parasites through their daily activities and lifestyle, the study will be crucial for providing a platform for future epidemiological study and diseases management in the region.
{"title":"A study on the prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in carnivores and its potential implications on human health","authors":"Gospel Vandir, Lalrinkimi Pangamte, Angshuman Tariang, S. Gouda","doi":"10.53365/nrfhh/143443","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53365/nrfhh/143443","url":null,"abstract":"Zoonoses contribute an estimated 75% of new or re-emerging infectious diseases in humans with Covid-19 being the latest addition. Carnivores act as definitive hosts and reservoirs for several endoparasites with varied effects on human health. These interactions are fluctuating and adaptive, changing in response to various biotic and abiotic conditions. With the development of ‘One health movement’ more focus has been laid on zoonotic infections and their management. The present study showed that carnivores of Dampa Tiger Reserve (DTR) are host to several infectious parasites with a prevalence rate of 90.47%. Families like Felidae, Canidae, and Viverridae were found to host the maximum number of parasites. The parasite Paragonimus spp. were recorded to be present in the highest number (33 nos.) of scat samples followed by Strongyle spp. (27 nos.), Ascaris lumbricoides (23 nos.), and Isospora spp. (19 nos.). These parasites are known to infect humans through different modes like faecal-oral route, uncooked meat, fishes, and contaminated water and induced health implications like inflammatory in the brain, bronchitis, covert toxocariasis, acute lung inflammation etc. As the surrounding landscape of DTR continuous to shrink and humans are more prone to these parasites through their daily activities and lifestyle, the study will be crucial for providing a platform for future epidemiological study and diseases management in the region.","PeriodicalId":394827,"journal":{"name":"Natural Resources for Human Health","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133146046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Plant biodiversity is endowed with a huge composition and variability of active molecules known for their therapeutic effects against several diseases. In this current work, several phenolic compounds are subject of in silico evaluation of their interactions with six severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) enzymes to evaluate the binding mode and mechanism of phenolic compounds interactions with SARS-CoV-2 enzymes. Results of molecular docking and data analysis revealed that the importance of interactions was dependent to the phenolic class of tested ligand; tannin, biflavone and flavonoid glycoside were the most interactive classes. Among the top three ranked molecules recording lower binding energy against each virus protein target, In conclusion, it was found that Amentoflavone, Dieckol, Bilobetin, Punicalagin, Tellimagrandin-I, Tannic acid, Sciadopitysin, Ginkgetin and Chebulagic acid could be a promising antiviral drug since they present more important binding energy than conventional ones. Their interactions were justified by the Wenn diagram and Ramachandran plot. However, these phenolic compounds recorded an important bioavailability score and found fulfilling most of the drug-likeness criteria such as Lipinski's rule. Clearly, all observations point to further required works aiming to examine more deeply the possibility of using these molecules that could be probably a subject of pre-clinical studies.
{"title":"Phenolic compounds as antiviral agents: An In-Silico investigation against essential proteins of SARS-CoV-2","authors":"Hammami Majdi, Feten Zar Kalai, Walid Yeddess, Moufida Saidani","doi":"10.53365/nrfhh/143085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53365/nrfhh/143085","url":null,"abstract":"Plant biodiversity is endowed with a huge composition and variability of active molecules known for their therapeutic effects against several diseases. In this current work, several phenolic compounds are subject of in silico evaluation of their interactions with six severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) enzymes to evaluate the binding mode and mechanism of phenolic compounds interactions with SARS-CoV-2 enzymes. Results of molecular docking and data analysis revealed that the importance of interactions was dependent to the phenolic class of tested ligand; tannin, biflavone and flavonoid glycoside were the most interactive classes. Among the top three ranked molecules recording lower binding energy against each virus protein target, In conclusion, it was found that Amentoflavone, Dieckol, Bilobetin, Punicalagin, Tellimagrandin-I, Tannic acid, Sciadopitysin, Ginkgetin and Chebulagic acid could be a promising antiviral drug since they present more important binding energy than conventional ones. Their interactions were justified by the Wenn diagram and Ramachandran plot. However, these phenolic compounds recorded an important bioavailability score and found fulfilling most of the drug-likeness criteria such as Lipinski's rule. Clearly, all observations point to further required works aiming to examine more deeply the possibility of using these molecules that could be probably a subject of pre-clinical studies.","PeriodicalId":394827,"journal":{"name":"Natural Resources for Human Health","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116793520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study characterized the bioactive components in the seed oil of Pentaclethra macrophylla to establish its usefulness in replacing costly convectional oils in industrial applications. Identification and quantification of the bioactive attributes were performed using gas-liquid chromatography with flame ionization detector (GC-FID) after extraction with n-Hexane. The main bioactive contents per 100 g in the oil were sitosterol (457.58 mg), campesterol (34.54 mg) and stigma-sterol (18.52 mg) been the most abundant sterols. The oil contained per 100 g β-carotene (15.89 mg), xanthophyll (10.32 mg), lutein (9.22 mg), and neo-xanthin (5.46 mg) as the highest carotenoids. The oil has ɣ- tocopherol (43.83 mg) and α-tocopherol (3.35 mg) also per 100 g. The main terpenes per 100 g in the oil were γ-elemene (17.28 mg), α-caryophyllene (13.06 mg), β-elemene (12.43 mg) and D-limonene (6.11 mg). Terpenoids including β-amyrin, α-amyrin and lupeol were found in trace amounts.
{"title":"Gas Chromatographic Analysis of Bioactive Compounds in the Seed Oil of Pentaclethra macrophylla (African Oil Bean Tree)","authors":"A. Oyedeji, L. Azeez, B. Odeyemi","doi":"10.53365/nrfhh/143048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53365/nrfhh/143048","url":null,"abstract":"This study characterized the bioactive components in the seed oil of Pentaclethra macrophylla to establish its usefulness in replacing costly convectional oils in industrial applications. Identification and quantification of the bioactive attributes were performed using gas-liquid chromatography with flame ionization detector (GC-FID) after extraction with n-Hexane. The main bioactive contents per 100 g in the oil were sitosterol (457.58 mg), campesterol (34.54 mg) and stigma-sterol (18.52 mg) been the most abundant sterols. The oil contained per 100 g β-carotene (15.89 mg), xanthophyll (10.32 mg), lutein (9.22 mg), and neo-xanthin (5.46 mg) as the highest carotenoids. The oil has ɣ- tocopherol (43.83 mg) and α-tocopherol (3.35 mg) also per 100 g. The main terpenes per 100 g in the oil were γ-elemene (17.28 mg), α-caryophyllene (13.06 mg), β-elemene (12.43 mg) and D-limonene (6.11 mg). Terpenoids including β-amyrin, α-amyrin and lupeol were found in trace amounts.","PeriodicalId":394827,"journal":{"name":"Natural Resources for Human Health","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131170498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Thierry Atindo Songwe, N. Bekolo, W. K. Tueguem, Désiré Manga Anaba, Patrice Ngatsi Zemko, M. Yılmaz, K. I. Sinan, G. Zengin, Z. Ambang
Some insects cause high losses of the common bean during storage, namely, Acanthoscelides obtectus Say. Chemical insecticides are commonly used to control insects, but their overuse adversely affects the environment and consumers' health. There is, therefore, the need for an alternative control method. This study was aimed to evaluate the chemical characterization and insecticidal property of Moringa oleifera seed extract on the developmental stages of A. obtectus in stored beans. Three types of M. oleifera seed extracts, namely methanol, ethanol and acetone extracts, were used at doses of 12.5, 25 and 50 µl/ml each. HPLC-MS was used to characterize these extracts. The toxicity of extracts against the adults, the number of eggs and the viability rate of laid or emerged eggs of A. obtectus were evaluated. The results show that M. oleifera seed extract is rich in Hesperidin, Quinic acid, gallic acid, protocatechuic acid, 4-OH benzoic acid, cynaroside, isoquercitrin, cosmosiin, quercitrin, luteolin, naringenin, salicylic acid, Apigenin and Fumaric acid. The acetone extract, from day 2, showed a 100% mortality rate in all doses compared to about only 14% in the control treatment. The number of eggs laid in control (236.67) was higher than the null (0) in acetone treatment at 50 µl/ml. M. oleifera seed extracts contain chemical molecules. They significantly reduced the damage caused by A. obtectus on stored P. vulgaris grains. Therefore, they can be used as an alternative to chemicals for the protection of stored foodstuffs.
{"title":"Chemical characterization and insecticidal effect of Moringa oleifera L. seeds extracts on common bean weevil (Acanthoscelides obtectus Say)","authors":"Thierry Atindo Songwe, N. Bekolo, W. K. Tueguem, Désiré Manga Anaba, Patrice Ngatsi Zemko, M. Yılmaz, K. I. Sinan, G. Zengin, Z. Ambang","doi":"10.53365/nrfhh/143056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53365/nrfhh/143056","url":null,"abstract":"Some insects cause high losses of the common bean during storage, namely, Acanthoscelides obtectus Say. Chemical insecticides are commonly used to control insects, but their overuse adversely affects the environment and consumers' health. There is, therefore, the need for an alternative control method. This study was aimed to evaluate the chemical characterization and insecticidal property of Moringa oleifera seed extract on the developmental stages of A. obtectus in stored beans. Three types of M. oleifera seed extracts, namely methanol, ethanol and acetone extracts, were used at doses of 12.5, 25 and 50 µl/ml each. HPLC-MS was used to characterize these extracts. The toxicity of extracts against the adults, the number of eggs and the viability rate of laid or emerged eggs of A. obtectus were evaluated. The results show that M. oleifera seed extract is rich in Hesperidin, Quinic acid, gallic acid, protocatechuic acid, 4-OH benzoic acid, cynaroside, isoquercitrin, cosmosiin, quercitrin, luteolin, naringenin, salicylic acid, Apigenin and Fumaric acid. The acetone extract, from day 2, showed a 100% mortality rate in all doses compared to about only 14% in the control treatment. The number of eggs laid in control (236.67) was higher than the null (0) in acetone treatment at 50 µl/ml. M. oleifera seed extracts contain chemical molecules. They significantly reduced the damage caused by A. obtectus on stored P. vulgaris grains. Therefore, they can be used as an alternative to chemicals for the protection of stored foodstuffs.","PeriodicalId":394827,"journal":{"name":"Natural Resources for Human Health","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114079093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study compared the efficacy of two species of lichen located in Tunisia belonging to Cladonia rangiformis and Cladonia pocillum species. The antibacterial and antifungal potentials of methanol, acetone and quencher extracts of C. rangiformis and C. pocillum and the lysozyme activity of both methanol extracts were investigated. The results showed that the examined extracts had antimicrobial properties against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and anti-Candida properties and that they also limited the spore germination of Penicillium and Aspergillus. Further results showed that the largest diameter of the inhibition zone was obtained by the methanolic extract of C. pocillum with 31 mm and 27.5 mm against E. cloacae and E. coli, respectively. MIC values of bactericidal and fungicidal activities of both Cladonia extracts ranged from 0.25 mg/mL to 2 mg/mL. C. pocillum possess superior lysozyme activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis. Furthermore, the methanol extract of both Cladonia showed a remarkable destructive effect on the morphology of fungal hyphae.
{"title":"Screening of antimicrobial potential of methanolic, acetone and quencher extracts from Cladonia rangiformis Hoffm. and Cladonia pocillum Ach.","authors":"Essghaier Badiaa, M. Mohamed, Khadri Ayda","doi":"10.53365/nrfhh/143011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53365/nrfhh/143011","url":null,"abstract":"This study compared the efficacy of two species of lichen located in Tunisia belonging to Cladonia rangiformis and Cladonia pocillum species. The antibacterial and antifungal potentials of methanol, acetone and quencher extracts of C. rangiformis and C. pocillum and the lysozyme activity of both methanol extracts were investigated. The results showed that the examined extracts had antimicrobial properties against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and anti-Candida properties and that they also limited the spore germination of Penicillium and Aspergillus. Further results showed that the largest diameter of the inhibition zone was obtained by the methanolic extract of C. pocillum with 31 mm and 27.5 mm against E. cloacae and E. coli, respectively. MIC values of bactericidal and fungicidal activities of both Cladonia extracts ranged from 0.25 mg/mL to 2 mg/mL. C. pocillum possess superior lysozyme activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis. Furthermore, the methanol extract of both Cladonia showed a remarkable destructive effect on the morphology of fungal hyphae.","PeriodicalId":394827,"journal":{"name":"Natural Resources for Human Health","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129755636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study evaluates the influence of mixed algal extract (Chlorella vulgaris, Euglena viridis and Spirulina platensis) on common carp Cyprinus Carpio, which infected infect with bacterial pathogen Aeromonas hydrophila. C. carpio was administered intraperitoneally with various doses such as methanol extract (0, 0,1, 1, 10 and 100 mg/kg). The immunological parameters of fish blood and serum samples (Neutrophil activity, Lysozyme activity, Serum myeloperoxidase intensity, Serum bactericidal activity, and Serum antiprotease activity) were investigated at 7, 14, 21, and 28 days of post-immunization. Fish had been tested by virulent A. hydrophila for 30 days after treatment and 14 days after infection were identified with mortalities. The findings showed that neutrophil levels, lysozyme activity, serum bactericidal activity, myeloperoxidase activity, and serum antiprotease activity significantly enhanced (p<0.05) compared to untreated control. Mixed dietary algae at 1 and 10 mg/kg levels demonstrated slightly (p<0.05) higher relative percentage survival (90 percent) than control against A. hydrophila disease infection. Results indicated that mixed algal extract in C. carpio positively impacts non-specific immune parameters and boosts disease tolerance to A. hydrophila infections.
{"title":"Impacts on the immune system of Cyprinus carpio exposure with a mixed algal extract against Aeromonas hydrophila","authors":"Sattanathan Govindharajan, Tamizhazhagan Vairakannu","doi":"10.53365/nrfhh/142934","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53365/nrfhh/142934","url":null,"abstract":"This study evaluates the influence of mixed algal extract (Chlorella vulgaris, Euglena viridis and Spirulina platensis) on common carp Cyprinus Carpio, which infected infect with bacterial pathogen Aeromonas hydrophila. C. carpio was administered intraperitoneally with various doses such as methanol extract (0, 0,1, 1, 10 and 100 mg/kg). The immunological parameters of fish blood and serum samples (Neutrophil activity, Lysozyme activity, Serum myeloperoxidase intensity, Serum bactericidal activity, and Serum antiprotease activity) were investigated at 7, 14, 21, and 28 days of post-immunization. Fish had been tested by virulent A. hydrophila for 30 days after treatment and 14 days after infection were identified with mortalities. The findings showed that neutrophil levels, lysozyme activity, serum bactericidal activity, myeloperoxidase activity, and serum antiprotease activity significantly enhanced (p<0.05) compared to untreated control. Mixed dietary algae at 1 and 10 mg/kg levels demonstrated slightly (p<0.05) higher relative percentage survival (90 percent) than control against A. hydrophila disease infection. Results indicated that mixed algal extract in C. carpio positively impacts non-specific immune parameters and boosts disease tolerance to A. hydrophila infections.","PeriodicalId":394827,"journal":{"name":"Natural Resources for Human Health","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121197946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Alam, Fozia Bibi, Kanchan Deshwal, Aditi Sahariya, C. Bhardwaj, I. Emmanuel
There is a very close association between humans’ beings and the enormous wealth of plants on this green planet. Amid the large floral diversity, numerous plants have been used for exclusive purposes, most notably the food. Though many staple crop plants and vegetables are rich sources of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats to meet hunger and require nourishment, they invariably lack some of the essential minerals and vitamins vital for the ideal growth of a human being. Globally, a large portion of the populace is facing ‘hidden hunger’ attributable to the deficit of certain minerals and vitamins in their routine diet because most of the staple food and fodder are deficient in any specific essential nutrients and vitamins. To meet this problem, people have used many approaches and developed new methods to improve staple crops. Biofortification is one such method which the researchers with great success extensively use. In this attempt, various tactics of biofortification have been reviewed. The review also conferred which biofortification was achieved in many staple food crops and their applicability and limitations at the global level.
{"title":"Biofortification of Staple Crops to Eradicate Hidden Hunger: A Review","authors":"A. Alam, Fozia Bibi, Kanchan Deshwal, Aditi Sahariya, C. Bhardwaj, I. Emmanuel","doi":"10.53365/nrfhh/142883","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53365/nrfhh/142883","url":null,"abstract":"There is a very close association between humans’ beings and the enormous wealth of plants on this green planet. Amid the large floral diversity, numerous plants have been used for exclusive purposes, most notably the food. Though many staple crop plants and vegetables are rich sources of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats to meet hunger and require nourishment, they invariably lack some of the essential minerals and vitamins vital for the ideal growth of a human being. Globally, a large portion of the populace is facing ‘hidden hunger’ attributable to the deficit of certain minerals and vitamins in their routine diet because most of the staple food and fodder are deficient in any specific essential nutrients and vitamins. To meet this problem, people have used many approaches and developed new methods to improve staple crops. Biofortification is one such method which the researchers with great success extensively use. In this attempt, various tactics of biofortification have been reviewed. The review also conferred which biofortification was achieved in many staple food crops and their applicability and limitations at the global level.","PeriodicalId":394827,"journal":{"name":"Natural Resources for Human Health","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124773433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shisheng Jiang, C. Huang, Yantianyu Yang, Shuhan Gao, Zihan Lin, W. Gu, Yi Cai, Tingdong Yan
Clostridium botulinum (CB) is a Gram-positive anaerobic bacterium and a significant cause of food spoilage. Foodborne botulism occurs worldwide every year and even lead to death from respiratory distress in severe cases after eating botulism-contaminated food. The pathogenicity of CB lies in its ability to produce a potent neurotoxin, “botulinum toxin (BTX)”, for which eight different subtypes have already been isolated so far. Botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) is widely used to treat critical clinical issues due to its good affinity and tolerability. Studies have shown that BTX-A injections effectively treat myofascial pain, inflammatory pain, and neuropathic pain. The current article mainly reviews the latest research progress using BTX-A in pain treatment during two years.
{"title":"Advances in botulinum toxin type A for the treatment of pain","authors":"Shisheng Jiang, C. Huang, Yantianyu Yang, Shuhan Gao, Zihan Lin, W. Gu, Yi Cai, Tingdong Yan","doi":"10.53365/nrfhh/142165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53365/nrfhh/142165","url":null,"abstract":"Clostridium botulinum (CB) is a Gram-positive anaerobic bacterium and a significant cause of food spoilage. Foodborne botulism occurs worldwide every year and even lead to death from respiratory distress in severe cases after eating botulism-contaminated food. The pathogenicity of CB lies in its ability to produce a potent neurotoxin, “botulinum toxin (BTX)”, for which eight different subtypes have already been isolated so far. Botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) is widely used to treat critical clinical issues due to its good affinity and tolerability. Studies have shown that BTX-A injections effectively treat myofascial pain, inflammatory pain, and neuropathic pain. The current article mainly reviews the latest research progress using BTX-A in pain treatment during two years.","PeriodicalId":394827,"journal":{"name":"Natural Resources for Human Health","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121516609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lepidium sativum is an edible medicinal plant from the family Brassicaceae. It holds many uses in folk medicine, and the bioactivities activities originate from its constituents. So, it is essential to estimate the different physiological compounds in this plant. It is also essential to determine which organ in the plant could contain these active compounds. So, it is necessary to evaluate the growth conditions of this plant. In this study, L. sativum is grown in different conditions (with water only in Petri-dish, in pots with peat-moss soil and on jars with Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with tissue culture technique). From the results obtained, it was clear that cultivation in peat-moss soil supplement the plant with more pigmentation concentration (but not for a long time) and much protein content. In comparison, cultivation on MS media provides much protein content. In all parameters, seeds germinated with water only have the lowest value. Genetically, RAPD-PCR molecular marker illustrates that there is no genetic stability in L. sativum grew on different cultivation conditions. The polymorphism percentage was 54.71%. So, there is genetic variation in response to different cultivation conditions.
{"title":"Different cultivation media conditions affecting behavior and genetic stability of Lepidium sativum L.","authors":"Eman Tawfik","doi":"10.53365/nrfhh/142323","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53365/nrfhh/142323","url":null,"abstract":"Lepidium sativum is an edible medicinal plant from the family Brassicaceae. It holds many uses in folk medicine, and the bioactivities activities originate from its constituents. So, it is essential to estimate the different physiological compounds in this plant. It is also essential to determine which organ in the plant could contain these active compounds. So, it is necessary to evaluate the growth conditions of this plant. In this study, L. sativum is grown in different conditions (with water only in Petri-dish, in pots with peat-moss soil and on jars with Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with tissue culture technique). From the results obtained, it was clear that cultivation in peat-moss soil supplement the plant with more pigmentation concentration (but not for a long time) and much protein content. In comparison, cultivation on MS media provides much protein content. In all parameters, seeds germinated with water only have the lowest value. Genetically, RAPD-PCR molecular marker illustrates that there is no genetic stability in L. sativum grew on different cultivation conditions. The polymorphism percentage was 54.71%. So, there is genetic variation in response to different cultivation conditions.","PeriodicalId":394827,"journal":{"name":"Natural Resources for Human Health","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121173379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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