Rad ima cilj da objasni značaj porodice kao faktora u vodećim mikro- i makro-teorijama porekla delinkvencije i da utvrdi uloge koje joj one dodeljuju u objašnjenju etiologije ovakvog ponašanja. Analiza je pokazala da mikro-teorije kao posebno značajnu ističu socijalizaciju i vaspitnu ulogu porodice kojom se oblikuju kako konformistički, tako i antisocijalni obrasci ponašanja, dok makro-teorije glavne uzroke devijantnosti pronalaze u strukturalnim karakteristikama društva, a porodicu prepoznaju kao faktora koji posreduje između društva i deteta. Analizom su utvrđeni i nedostaci proučavanih teorija. S obzirom na to da se baziraju na istraživanjima sprovedenim u SAD-u i zapadnoevropskim zemljama, one ne mogu u potpunosti da se primene na objašnjenje etiologije delinkvencije u svim društvima. Pored toga, mikro-teorije ne uzimaju u obzir karakteristike društva koje mogu da utiču na izbor vaspitnih metoda roditelja, razvoj njihovog vaspitnog stila i na njihovu odluku koje vrednosti će da prenesu deci, dok se makro-teorije ne bave pitanjem kakav uticaj imaju na devijantno ponašanje odlike onih društava, čiji su ekonomski, pravni i kulturni sistemi decenijama nestabilni, kao ni onih čiji se društveni sistem urušio i još uvek se nije reetablirao. Na osnovu ove analize može da se zaključi da uprkos važnoj ulozi koju roditelji imaju za usvajanje/sprečavanje antisocijalnog ponašanja, okvire u kojima će oni tu ulogu obavljati određuju karakteristike datog društva.
{"title":"Značaj porodice kao faktora u savremenim teorijama delinkventnog ponašanja dece i mladih","authors":"Lidija Terek","doi":"10.5613/rzs.52.1.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5613/rzs.52.1.5","url":null,"abstract":"Rad ima cilj da objasni značaj porodice kao faktora u vodećim mikro- i makro-teorijama porekla delinkvencije i da utvrdi uloge koje joj one dodeljuju u objašnjenju etiologije ovakvog ponašanja. Analiza je pokazala da mikro-teorije kao posebno značajnu ističu socijalizaciju i vaspitnu ulogu porodice kojom se oblikuju kako konformistički, tako i antisocijalni obrasci ponašanja, dok makro-teorije glavne uzroke devijantnosti pronalaze u strukturalnim karakteristikama društva, a porodicu prepoznaju kao faktora koji posreduje između društva i deteta. Analizom su utvrđeni i nedostaci proučavanih teorija. S obzirom na to da se baziraju na istraživanjima sprovedenim u SAD-u i zapadnoevropskim zemljama, one ne mogu u potpunosti da se primene na objašnjenje etiologije delinkvencije u svim društvima. Pored toga, mikro-teorije ne uzimaju u obzir karakteristike društva koje mogu da utiču na izbor vaspitnih metoda roditelja, razvoj njihovog vaspitnog stila i na njihovu odluku koje vrednosti će da prenesu deci, dok se makro-teorije ne bave pitanjem kakav uticaj imaju na devijantno ponašanje odlike onih društava, čiji su ekonomski, pravni i kulturni sistemi decenijama nestabilni, kao ni onih čiji se društveni sistem urušio i još uvek se nije reetablirao. Na osnovu ove analize može da se zaključi da uprkos važnoj ulozi koju roditelji imaju za usvajanje/sprečavanje antisocijalnog ponašanja, okvire u kojima će oni tu ulogu obavljati određuju karakteristike datog društva.","PeriodicalId":39535,"journal":{"name":"Revija za Sociologiju","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41690555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper describes the features of first-generation students from the perspectives of achievement, social integration and motivation. The scholarly literature highlights the special circumstances of these undergraduates and points out the systemic nature of their disadvantages. The database which was used during this analysis contains data from a large research university in Hungary (2019, N = 810). The empirical results show that first-generation students do not exhibit a lower level of achievement. However, they display special patterns when it comes to motivation toward higher education. If we compare first-generation students' to students from highly educated backgrounds in terms of attitudes, we also see that their social integration among peers on the campus is not diverse. Finally, the results of the linear regression model have demonstrated that students with a high parental educational level have advantages. These results also help explain certain features of undergraduates from heterogeneous backgrounds, who seem to be more similar to first-generation students than to students from highly educated backgrounds. In conclusion, the findings of this study contribute to further understanding of the links by identifying the elements of first-generation students’ disadvantages (especially in the field of foreign language knowledge) and revealing that students’ efficiency is embedded in a complex way in socio-demographic and institutional elements, as well as in motivation. These findings suggest that the post-massification higher education system still contains hidden inequalities.
{"title":"First-generation Students at Universities from the Aspect of Achievement, Motivation and Integration","authors":"Veronika Bocsi, F. Hajnalka, Gabriella Pusztai","doi":"10.5613/rzs.52.1.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5613/rzs.52.1.3","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes the features of first-generation students from the perspectives of achievement, social integration and motivation. The scholarly literature highlights the special circumstances of these undergraduates and points out the systemic nature of their disadvantages. The database which was used during this analysis contains data from a large research university in Hungary (2019, N = 810). The empirical results show that first-generation students do not exhibit a lower level of achievement. However, they display special patterns when it comes to motivation toward higher education. If we compare first-generation students' to students from highly educated backgrounds in terms of attitudes, we also see that their social integration among peers on the campus is not diverse. Finally, the results of the linear regression model have demonstrated that students with a high parental educational level have advantages. These results also help explain certain features of undergraduates from heterogeneous backgrounds, who seem to be more similar to first-generation students than to students from highly educated backgrounds. In conclusion, the findings of this study contribute to further understanding of the links by identifying the elements of first-generation students’ disadvantages (especially in the field of foreign language knowledge) and revealing that students’ efficiency is embedded in a complex way in socio-demographic and institutional elements, as well as in motivation. These findings suggest that the post-massification higher education system still contains hidden inequalities.","PeriodicalId":39535,"journal":{"name":"Revija za Sociologiju","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47258623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
National mechanisms of migrant integration into the host society and the wider social context in which migration occurs may affect the construction of public attitudes towards migrants regardless of their origin or status. By combining the data of two international studies: the Migrant Integration Policy Index (MIPEX) and the European Social Survey (ESS), this paper examines national policies regarding migrant integration and the public perception of migrants in the host society in selected European countries. This analysis highlights especially the shifts in public attitudes as possible consequences of the 2015/2016 European “migration crisis”. The data from 27 European countries that participated in the last waves of both MIPEX2020 and ESS2018 were analysed according to the four-dimensional MIPEX categorisation: 1) Comprehensive integration, 2) Equality on paper, 3) Temporary integration, and 4) Immigration without integration (Integration denied). These categories of states’ migration policies were then combined with the public perceptions of immigrants examined by the ESS. Multilevel regression models demonstrated that the respondents from countries with well-developed integration policies express a more positive attitude towards immigrants and acknowledge their contribution to all areas of the host society. A higher proportion of non-EU-27 immigrants in the country correlates with a more negative perception of immigrants’ impact on the host country. Even though the MIPEX score does not reflect clearly the shift in migration policies affected by the European “migration crisis”, it could be considered a stable, though relatively weak predictor of anti-immigrant prejudice. In conclusion, this study's findings suggest that better-developed policies of political participation and immigrant inclusion foster more positive attitudes towards immigrants.
{"title":"Integration Policies and Public Perceptions of Immigrants in Europe","authors":"Margareta Gregurović","doi":"10.5613/rzs.51.3.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5613/rzs.51.3.2","url":null,"abstract":"National mechanisms of migrant integration into the host society and the wider social context in which migration occurs may affect the construction of public attitudes towards migrants regardless of their origin or status. By combining the data of two international studies: the Migrant Integration Policy Index (MIPEX) and the European Social Survey (ESS), this paper examines national policies regarding migrant integration and the public perception of migrants in the host society in selected European countries. This analysis highlights especially the shifts in public attitudes as possible consequences of the 2015/2016 European “migration crisis”. The data from 27 European countries that participated in the last waves of both MIPEX2020 and ESS2018 were analysed according to the four-dimensional MIPEX categorisation: 1) Comprehensive integration, 2) Equality on paper, 3) Temporary integration, and 4) Immigration without integration (Integration denied). These categories of states’ migration policies were then combined with the public perceptions of immigrants examined by the ESS. Multilevel regression models demonstrated that the respondents from countries with well-developed integration policies express a more positive attitude towards immigrants and acknowledge their contribution to all areas of the host society. A higher proportion of non-EU-27 immigrants in the country correlates with a more negative perception of immigrants’ impact on the host country. Even though the MIPEX score does not reflect clearly the shift in migration policies affected by the European “migration crisis”, it could be considered a stable, though relatively weak predictor of anti-immigrant prejudice. In conclusion, this study's findings suggest that better-developed policies of political participation and immigrant inclusion foster more positive attitudes towards immigrants.","PeriodicalId":39535,"journal":{"name":"Revija za Sociologiju","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45183069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The paper analyses social causes of loneliness in Europe using cross-national data from the 2017 International Social Survey Programme (ISSP) module “Social Networks and Social Resources” from 13 countries categorised as Northern Europe, Continental Europe, and Central and Eastern Europe. The paper aims to examine loneliness with regard to three specific groups of predictors, related to network, sociocultural and sociostructural aspects. The results suggest that sociability patterns and personal networks are the most important predictors of loneliness. While the frequency of contacts with family members and close friends and the overall number of contacts showed significance, loneliness was primarily related to the quality of personal relationships. Considering sociocultural factors, the obtained findings showed that social trust is consistently associated with lower levels of loneliness. Furthermore, people from Continental Europe were, in general, less lonely than North and East Europeans. Age was an important factor here as respondents from younger age groups were lonelier in Nordic countries than in the other two blocs of countries, while older respondents were lonelier in Central and East European countries. Finally, sociostructural indicators in general showed less predictive value compared to sociability patterns and sociocultural variables. However, when it came to socioeconomic exclusion, this aspect showed a stronger connection with loneliness for the individuals from the Nordic group of countries. The findings of this paper contribute to the vibrant field of contemporary scholarship on loneliness with a fresh perspective based on comparing three large blocs of European countries and an integrated approach to various predictors of loneliness.
{"title":"Loneliness and Social Networks in Europe","authors":"Željka Tonković, Dražen Cepić, Ivan Puzek","doi":"10.5613/rzs.51.3.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5613/rzs.51.3.3","url":null,"abstract":"The paper analyses social causes of loneliness in Europe using cross-national data from the 2017 International Social Survey Programme (ISSP) module “Social Networks and Social Resources” from 13 countries categorised as Northern Europe, Continental Europe, and Central and Eastern Europe. The paper aims to examine loneliness with regard to three specific groups of predictors, related to network, sociocultural and sociostructural aspects. The results suggest that sociability patterns and personal networks are the most important predictors of loneliness. While the frequency of contacts with family members and close friends and the overall number of contacts showed significance, loneliness was primarily related to the quality of personal relationships. Considering sociocultural factors, the obtained findings showed that social trust is consistently associated with lower levels of loneliness. Furthermore, people from Continental Europe were, in general, less lonely than North and East Europeans. Age was an important factor here as respondents from younger age groups were lonelier in Nordic countries than in the other two blocs of countries, while older respondents were lonelier in Central and East European countries. Finally, sociostructural indicators in general showed less predictive value compared to sociability patterns and sociocultural variables. However, when it came to socioeconomic exclusion, this aspect showed a stronger connection with loneliness for the individuals from the Nordic group of countries. The findings of this paper contribute to the vibrant field of contemporary scholarship on loneliness with a fresh perspective based on comparing three large blocs of European countries and an integrated approach to various predictors of loneliness.","PeriodicalId":39535,"journal":{"name":"Revija za Sociologiju","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49221226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bruno Šimac, Tijana Trako Poljak, Vladimir Ivanović
This paper examines the care for nature in Croatia based on the European Social Survey (ESS) data from Round 4 (2008) and Round 9 (2018) over time and cross-nationally, in comparison with five other Central European (CE) countries (Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Slovakia and Slovenia). We correlate the item about the care for nature with Schwartz’s Human Values Scale (HVS), as adapted for the ESS, to investigate whether values as defined by Schwartz serve as good predictors of the care for nature in selected CE countries. We also look at the correlation with respondents’ socio-demographic characteristics. Our analysis reveals that, while there are similarities regarding environmental attitudes and values among CE countries, there are also some individual differences. Croatia shows the strongest increase in the support for the care for nature over the 10-year period, and both Croatia and Slovenia score the highest on the care for nature in 2018. Poland, Slovakia and Czech Republic show an overall stagnation in the results, while Hungary exhibits a significant decrease between 2008 and 2018. Our research in CE countries confirms that Schwartz’s HVS can be predictive of pro-environmentalism. However, while the findings for the higher-order value of Self-transcendence are in line with existing literature, the result suggesting that Conservatism is also a moderately good predictor of the care for nature is somewhat surprising. We posit that the reason could lie in the difference between collectivist vs. individualist value types, which provides a new dimension for the interpretation of environmental attitudes in these countries.
{"title":"Schwartz’s Human Values and the Care for Nature in Croatia and Five Other Central European Countries Based on ESS Data from Round 4 (2008) and Round 9 (2018)","authors":"Bruno Šimac, Tijana Trako Poljak, Vladimir Ivanović","doi":"10.5613/rzs.51.3.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5613/rzs.51.3.5","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines the care for nature in Croatia based on the European Social Survey (ESS) data from Round 4 (2008) and Round 9 (2018) over time and cross-nationally, in comparison with five other Central European (CE) countries (Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Slovakia and Slovenia). We correlate the item about the care for nature with Schwartz’s Human Values Scale (HVS), as adapted for the ESS, to investigate whether values as defined by Schwartz serve as good predictors of the care for nature in selected CE countries. We also look at the correlation with respondents’ socio-demographic characteristics. Our analysis reveals that, while there are similarities regarding environmental attitudes and values among CE countries, there are also some individual differences. Croatia shows the strongest increase in the support for the care for nature over the 10-year period, and both Croatia and Slovenia score the highest on the care for nature in 2018. Poland, Slovakia and Czech Republic show an overall stagnation in the results, while Hungary exhibits a significant decrease between 2008 and 2018. Our research in CE countries confirms that Schwartz’s HVS can be predictive of pro-environmentalism. However, while the findings for the higher-order value of Self-transcendence are in line with existing literature, the result suggesting that Conservatism is also a moderately good predictor of the care for nature is somewhat surprising. We posit that the reason could lie in the difference between collectivist vs. individualist value types, which provides a new dimension for the interpretation of environmental attitudes in these countries.","PeriodicalId":39535,"journal":{"name":"Revija za Sociologiju","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46245784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Teme roda i seksualnosti u obrazovnom kontekstu zbog političke instrumentalizacije povremeno su prisutne u javnom diskursu, ali su istraživački nedovoljno zastupljene. To osobito vrijedi za izvorna i kritički usmjerena istraživanja koja bi utvrdila kako obrazovne institucije u Hrvatskoj pridonose društvenoj nejednakosti queer osoba. Ovim se člankom pokušava nadomjestiti ta podzastupljenost teorijskom raspravom o konceptualizaciji roda i seksualnosti kao međuovisnih osobnih i društvenih procesa i to prikazom rezultata istraživanja u kojem je taj pristup korišten. Kako dosadašnje spoznaje u međunarodnom kontekstu pokazuju, obrazovne institucije imaju aktivnu ulogu u procesima marginalizacije osoba nenormativne queer rodne i seksualne orijentacije, zato je nužno razumijevanje obrazovne svakodnevice kao izvora znanja o tim procesima kroz promišljanje isprepletenosti roda i seksualnosti. Ta isprepletenost u svrhu istraživanja društvene nejednakosti nastale na temelju rodne i seksualne različitosti mora teorijski i istraživački povezati sociologiju, queer teorije te kritičku i institucionalnu etnografiju. Na taj se način uspostavlja cjeloviti teorijski i metodološki pristup koji je korišten u istraživanju srednjoškolskog i visokoškolskog obrazovnog iskustva queer osoba u Hrvatskoj. Rezultati istraživanja pokazuju da obrazovne institucije imaju posredničku ulogu u stvaranju nejednakosti na temelju rodnih i seksualnih različitosti. Obrazovne su institucije ponajprije prostor koji privilegira heteroseksualnost i heteronormativnost, dok su queer izričaji roda i seksualnosti s jedne strane predmetom javnog označavanja i stigmatiziranja, a s druge strane predmetom prisiljavanja na privatnu i skrivenu sferu. Ne/vidljivost i ne/prihvaćanje nenormativnih rodnih izričaja i seksualnosti za queer osobe u hrvatskom obrazovnom kontekstu predstavlja trajan proces pregovaranja između institucionalnih i osobnih domena djelovanja.
{"title":"Rod i seksualnost u obrazovnim institucijama u Hrvatskoj","authors":"Pavao Parunov, Valerija Barada","doi":"10.5613/rzs.51.2.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5613/rzs.51.2.1","url":null,"abstract":"Teme roda i seksualnosti u obrazovnom kontekstu zbog političke instrumentalizacije povremeno su prisutne u javnom diskursu, ali su istraživački nedovoljno zastupljene. To osobito vrijedi za izvorna i kritički usmjerena istraživanja koja bi utvrdila kako obrazovne institucije u Hrvatskoj pridonose društvenoj nejednakosti queer osoba. Ovim se člankom pokušava nadomjestiti ta podzastupljenost teorijskom raspravom o konceptualizaciji roda i seksualnosti kao međuovisnih osobnih i društvenih procesa i to prikazom rezultata istraživanja u kojem je taj pristup korišten. Kako dosadašnje spoznaje u međunarodnom kontekstu pokazuju, obrazovne institucije imaju aktivnu ulogu u procesima marginalizacije osoba nenormativne queer rodne i seksualne orijentacije, zato je nužno razumijevanje obrazovne svakodnevice kao izvora znanja o tim procesima kroz promišljanje isprepletenosti roda i seksualnosti. Ta isprepletenost u svrhu istraživanja društvene nejednakosti nastale na temelju rodne i seksualne različitosti mora teorijski i istraživački povezati sociologiju, queer teorije te kritičku i institucionalnu etnografiju. Na taj se način uspostavlja cjeloviti teorijski i metodološki pristup koji je korišten u istraživanju srednjoškolskog i visokoškolskog obrazovnog iskustva queer osoba u Hrvatskoj. Rezultati istraživanja pokazuju da obrazovne institucije imaju posredničku ulogu u stvaranju nejednakosti na temelju rodnih i seksualnih različitosti. Obrazovne su institucije ponajprije prostor koji privilegira heteroseksualnost i heteronormativnost, dok su queer izričaji roda i seksualnosti s jedne strane predmetom javnog označavanja i stigmatiziranja, a s druge strane predmetom prisiljavanja na privatnu i skrivenu sferu. Ne/vidljivost i ne/prihvaćanje nenormativnih rodnih izričaja i seksualnosti za queer osobe u hrvatskom obrazovnom kontekstu predstavlja trajan proces pregovaranja između institucionalnih i osobnih domena djelovanja.","PeriodicalId":39535,"journal":{"name":"Revija za Sociologiju","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49264920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Despite many doubts and criticisms, the use and popularity of the term legal culture have been growing steadily since 1969, when Lawrence Friedman first coined it. Regardless of the difficulties in conceptualising and operationalising legal culture, it is widely used in research and theoretical work. This paper investigates how researchers are overcoming conceptual issues, as well as the similarities and differences in approaches to legal culture and their effects on the comprehensibility and coherence of the concept. Through a systematic literature review of scholarly papers published in two citation bibliographic databases – Web of Science and Scopus – that contain the term legal culture in the title, this paper identifies definitions of legal culture, theoretical assumptions, research methods and specific topics depicted within the field of legal culture. The analysis indicates heterogeneous approaches to legal culture, accompanied by inconsistency in understanding and applying the concept. The notion of legal culture is related to various topics but mainly used as an intervening variable; without empirical research, authors use the term as hypothetical and self-evident, assuming its impact on law and society. Besides, the analysis identified various forms of defining and explaining the legal culture and different methodologies, amongst which a descriptive approach prevails. Based on the insight into scholarly articles on legal culture, the review concludes with suggestions for improving future research and the explanatory power of legal culture.
尽管有许多质疑和批评，但自1969年劳伦斯·弗里德曼首次创造“法律文化”一词以来，“法律文化”一词的使用和普及一直在稳步增长。尽管法律文化在概念化和操作上存在困难，但它在研究和理论工作中被广泛使用。本文探讨了研究人员如何克服概念问题，以及法律文化研究方法的异同及其对概念的可理解性和连贯性的影响。通过对发表在两个引文书目数据库(Web of Science和Scopus)中包含“法律文化”一词的学术论文进行系统的文献回顾，本文确定了法律文化的定义、理论假设、研究方法和法律文化领域中描述的具体主题。分析表明，研究法律文化的方法不尽相同，同时在理解和应用这一概念方面也存在不一致。法律文化的概念与各种主题相关，但主要用作中介变量;在没有实证研究的情况下，作者使用这个词作为假设和不言而喻的，假设它对法律和社会的影响。此外，分析还确定了界定和解释法律文化的各种形式和不同的方法，其中普遍采用描述性方法。基于对法律文化学术文章的深入了解，本文最后提出了改进未来研究和法律文化解释力的建议。
{"title":"Perspectives of Legal Culture","authors":"Mateja Čehulić","doi":"10.5613/rzs.51.2.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5613/rzs.51.2.4","url":null,"abstract":"Despite many doubts and criticisms, the use and popularity of the term legal culture have been growing steadily since 1969, when Lawrence Friedman first coined it. Regardless of the difficulties in conceptualising and operationalising legal culture, it is widely used in research and theoretical work. This paper investigates how researchers are overcoming conceptual issues, as well as the similarities and differences in approaches to legal culture and their effects on the comprehensibility and coherence of the concept. Through a systematic literature review of scholarly papers published in two citation bibliographic databases – Web of Science and Scopus – that contain the term legal culture in the title, this paper identifies definitions of legal culture, theoretical assumptions, research methods and specific topics depicted within the field of legal culture. The analysis indicates heterogeneous approaches to legal culture, accompanied by inconsistency in understanding and applying the concept. The notion of legal culture is related to various topics but mainly used as an intervening variable; without empirical research, authors use the term as hypothetical and self-evident, assuming its impact on law and society. Besides, the analysis identified various forms of defining and explaining the legal culture and different methodologies, amongst which a descriptive approach prevails. Based on the insight into scholarly articles on legal culture, the review concludes with suggestions for improving future research and the explanatory power of legal culture.","PeriodicalId":39535,"journal":{"name":"Revija za Sociologiju","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43503407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
It is often assumed that survey results reflect only the quality of the sample and the underlying measuring instruments used in the survey. However, various phenomena can affect the results, but these influences are often neglected when conducting surveys. This study aimed to test the influences of various method effects on survey results. We tested the influences of the following method effects: item wording, confirmatory bias, careless responding, and acquiescence bias. Using a split-ballot survey design with online questionnaires, we collected data from 791 participants. We tested if these method effects had an influence on mean values, item correlations, construct correlations, model fits, and construct measurement invariance. The instruments used to test these influences were from the domain of personality and gender inequality, and their items were adapted based on the method effect tested. All tested method effects, except careless responding, had a statistically significant effect on at least one component of the analysis. Item wording and confirmatory bias affected mean values, model fit, and measurement invariance. Controlling for acquiescence bias improved the fit of the model. This paper confirms that the tested method effects should be carefully considered when using surveys in research, and suggests some guidelines on how to do so.
{"title":"Is It Biased? Empirical Analysis of Various Phenomena That Affect Survey Results","authors":"L. Mandić, K. Klasnić","doi":"10.5613/rzs.51.2.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5613/rzs.51.2.3","url":null,"abstract":"It is often assumed that survey results reflect only the quality of the sample and the underlying measuring instruments used in the survey. However, various phenomena can affect the results, but these influences are often neglected when conducting surveys. This study aimed to test the influences of various method effects on survey results. We tested the influences of the following method effects: item wording, confirmatory bias, careless responding, and acquiescence bias. Using a split-ballot survey design with online questionnaires, we collected data from 791 participants. We tested if these method effects had an influence on mean values, item correlations, construct correlations, model fits, and construct measurement invariance. The instruments used to test these influences were from the domain of personality and gender inequality, and their items were adapted based on the method effect tested. All tested method effects, except careless responding, had a statistically significant effect on at least one component of the analysis. Item wording and confirmatory bias affected mean values, model fit, and measurement invariance. Controlling for acquiescence bias improved the fit of the model. This paper confirms that the tested method effects should be carefully considered when using surveys in research, and suggests some guidelines on how to do so.","PeriodicalId":39535,"journal":{"name":"Revija za Sociologiju","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49388744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Učenicima osnovne škole nude se različite glazbene aktivnosti, kako u okviru školske ustanove (izvannastavne aktivnosti), tako i izvan nje (izvanškolske aktivnosti), a uključenost osnovnoškolaca u spomenute aktivnosti ovisi o raznolikim čimbenicima. U okviru ovoga rada provedeno je istraživanje koje se odvijalo tijekom 2018. godine i koje je obuhvatilo 510 ispitanika. Istraživanje je provedeno postupkom anketiranja na prigodnom uzorku u dvjema općeobrazovnim osnovnim školama Osječko-baranjske županije, tj. anketirani su učenici od četvrtog do osmog razreda jedne prigradske i jedne gradske škole. Cilj istraživanja bio je utvrditi u kojoj su mjeri izvannastavne i izvanškolske glazbene aktivnosti zastupljene među učenicima i utječu li lokacija škole, spol, razred učenika i (ne)bavljenje glazbom njihovih roditelja na pohađanje glazbenih aktivnosti. Rezultati istraživanja pokazali su kako je polaženje tih aktivnosti podjednako zastupljeno kod učenika u predgrađu i gradu. Također, utvrđeno je kako spomenute aktivnosti pohađa znatno veći broj djevojčica u odnosu na dječake. Izvanškolske glazbene aktivnosti u većoj mjeri polaze učenici četvrtih, petih i šestih razreda, negoli sedmih i osmih. Ujedno, utvrđeno je kako učenici, čiji se roditelji bave glazbom, u značajnoj mjeri polaze glazbene aktivnosti. Sveukupno, rezultati ovog istraživanja pokazali su nedovoljnu zastupljenost izvannastavnih i izvanškolskih glazbenih aktivnosti među populacijiom učenika od čevrtog do osmog razreda osnovne škole. Brojnija ponuda glazbenih aktivnosti i snažnije animiranje učenika za uključivanje u iste nužni su jer su istraživanja pokazala brojne dobrobiti bavljenja glazbom, poput poboljšanja ponašanja, školskih postignuća, društvenih vještina, pamćenja, kreativnosti, kognitivnih vještina i cjelokupnoga osobnog razvoja.
为小学生提供不同的音乐活动，包括校内（特别活动）和校外（特殊活动），小学参与上述活动取决于各种因素。这项工作于2018年进行了研究。510名受试者。这项研究是在海洋谷仓的两所普通教育小学进行的适当抽样调查中进行的，即一所郊区学校和一所城市学校的四至八年级，调查了学生。这项研究的目的是确定学生中表现出的非凡和非凡的音乐活动如何影响学校的位置、性别、学生以及在进行音乐活动时父母的音乐。研究结果表明，在郊区和城市的学生中，这些活动的安排同样具有代表性。还确定，你提到的活动中，女孩的人数要比男孩多得多。外部音乐活动主要以四、五、六年级的学生为基础，而不是七、八年级的学生。此外，已经确定，父母演奏音乐的学生主要来自音乐活动。Sveukupno，rezultati ovog istraživanja pokazali su nedovoljnu zastubljenost izvannastavnih i izvanškolskih glazbenih aktivnosti meřu populationjiom učenika odčevrtog do osmg razreda osnovneškole。许多音乐活动和更强大的动画为学生提供了参与同样需求的机会，因为研究表明，许多优秀的音乐作品，如行为、学业成绩、社交技能、记忆、创造力、认知技能和整体个人发展的改善。
{"title":"Slobodno vrijeme i glazba","authors":"Jasna Šulentić Begić, Amir Begić, Ivona Kir","doi":"10.5613/rzs.51.2.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5613/rzs.51.2.2","url":null,"abstract":"Učenicima osnovne škole nude se različite glazbene aktivnosti, kako u okviru školske ustanove (izvannastavne aktivnosti), tako i izvan nje (izvanškolske aktivnosti), a uključenost osnovnoškolaca u spomenute aktivnosti ovisi o raznolikim čimbenicima. U okviru ovoga rada provedeno je istraživanje koje se odvijalo tijekom 2018. godine i koje je obuhvatilo 510 ispitanika. Istraživanje je provedeno postupkom anketiranja na prigodnom uzorku u dvjema općeobrazovnim osnovnim školama Osječko-baranjske županije, tj. anketirani su učenici od četvrtog do osmog razreda jedne prigradske i jedne gradske škole. Cilj istraživanja bio je utvrditi u kojoj su mjeri izvannastavne i izvanškolske glazbene aktivnosti zastupljene među učenicima i utječu li lokacija škole, spol, razred učenika i (ne)bavljenje glazbom njihovih roditelja na pohađanje glazbenih aktivnosti. Rezultati istraživanja pokazali su kako je polaženje tih aktivnosti podjednako zastupljeno kod učenika u predgrađu i gradu. Također, utvrđeno je kako spomenute aktivnosti pohađa znatno veći broj djevojčica u odnosu na dječake. Izvanškolske glazbene aktivnosti u većoj mjeri polaze učenici četvrtih, petih i šestih razreda, negoli sedmih i osmih. Ujedno, utvrđeno je kako učenici, čiji se roditelji bave glazbom, u značajnoj mjeri polaze glazbene aktivnosti. Sveukupno, rezultati ovog istraživanja pokazali su nedovoljnu zastupljenost izvannastavnih i izvanškolskih glazbenih aktivnosti među populacijiom učenika od čevrtog do osmog razreda osnovne škole. Brojnija ponuda glazbenih aktivnosti i snažnije animiranje učenika za uključivanje u iste nužni su jer su istraživanja pokazala brojne dobrobiti bavljenja glazbom, poput poboljšanja ponašanja, školskih postignuća, društvenih vještina, pamćenja, kreativnosti, kognitivnih vještina i cjelokupnoga osobnog razvoja.","PeriodicalId":39535,"journal":{"name":"Revija za Sociologiju","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42659515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
U radu se analiziraju rezultati anketnog istraživanja o poznavanju izabranih radnih prava među maturantima srednjih strukovnih škola u Hrvatskoj. Istraživanje je provedeno tijekom 2019. u okviru EU projekta Znanjem do prava na uzorku od 1 102 maturanta iz 54 srednje strukovne škole različitih trogodišnjih, četverogodišnjih i petogodišnjih programa. Primjenom deskriptivne statistike i regresijske analize, u radu se nastoji ustanoviti postoje li razlike u pokazanom znanju o radnim pravima i povezanost sociodemografskih i obrazovanih karakteristika ispitanika s razinom pravne pismenosti. Rezultati upućuju na njihovo relativno slabo poznavanje i nisku razinu pravne pismenosti iz područja izabranih radnih prava te povezanost sociodemografskih i obrazovnih obilježja ispitanika s indeksom ukupnog znanja o izabranim radnim pravima. Regresijska analiza pokazuje kako varijabla spola ima najveći utjecaj na razinu pravne pismenosti među ispitanim maturantima srednjih strukovnih škola. Osim u sagledavanju aktualnog stanja u pogledu znanja ispitanih maturanata srednjih strukovnih škola o izabranim radnim pravima, te poticanju akademskih i javnih rasprava, nalazi ovog istraživanja mogu imati aplikativnu vrijednost pri izradama plana i programa građanskog odgoja i obrazovanja na različitim obrazovnim razinama, kao i za razvoj i planiranje sindikalnog djelovanja u Hrvatskoj u pogledu regrutacije novog članstva. Istraživački nalazi potencijalno pridonose i kod nas nedovoljno istraženim temama pravnog znanja, pravne pismenosti, pravne kulture i pravne socijalizacije putem koje se ta znanja usvajaju.
工作中分析了克罗地亚高中毕业生对特定劳动权利知识的调查结果。这项研究于2019年进行。在欧盟项目的框架内，我知道有权从54所高中的三年、四年和五年制课程中抽取102名毕业生。在应用描述性统计和回归分析时，它试图确定在劳动法知识以及主体的社会人口和教育特征与各种法律知识之间的联系方面是否存在差异。研究结果表明，他们在选定的劳动权利领域的知识相对薄弱，法律知识水平较低，而且科目的社会人口和教育特征与选定的劳动权的一般知识指数有关。回归分析表明，性别变异性对高中毕业生法律素养水平的影响最大。除了考虑中学毕业生对所选劳动权利的了解现状并鼓励学术和公众辩论外，本研究的结果还可用于设计不同层次的公民成长和教育计划和方案，kao i za razvoj i planiranje sindikalnog djelovanja u Hrvatskoj u pogledu regutacije novogčlanstva。研究结果还可以通过采用这些知识为法律知识、法律素养、法律文化和法律社会化等主题做出贡献。
{"title":"Poznavanje izabranih radnih prava među maturantima srednjih strukovnih škola u Hrvatskoj","authors":"Ranka Jeknić, Branka Čop","doi":"10.5613/RZS.51.1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5613/RZS.51.1.2","url":null,"abstract":"U radu se analiziraju rezultati anketnog istraživanja o poznavanju izabranih radnih prava među maturantima srednjih strukovnih škola u Hrvatskoj. Istraživanje je provedeno tijekom 2019. u okviru EU projekta Znanjem do prava na uzorku od 1 102 maturanta iz 54 srednje strukovne škole različitih trogodišnjih, četverogodišnjih i petogodišnjih programa. Primjenom deskriptivne statistike i regresijske analize, u radu se nastoji ustanoviti postoje li razlike u pokazanom znanju o radnim pravima i povezanost sociodemografskih i obrazovanih karakteristika ispitanika s razinom pravne pismenosti. Rezultati upućuju na njihovo relativno slabo poznavanje i nisku razinu pravne pismenosti iz područja izabranih radnih prava te povezanost sociodemografskih i obrazovnih obilježja ispitanika s indeksom ukupnog znanja o izabranim radnim pravima. Regresijska analiza pokazuje kako varijabla spola ima najveći utjecaj na razinu pravne pismenosti među ispitanim maturantima srednjih strukovnih škola. Osim u sagledavanju aktualnog stanja u pogledu znanja ispitanih maturanata srednjih strukovnih škola o izabranim radnim pravima, te poticanju akademskih i javnih rasprava, nalazi ovog istraživanja mogu imati aplikativnu vrijednost pri izradama plana i programa građanskog odgoja i obrazovanja na različitim obrazovnim razinama, kao i za razvoj i planiranje sindikalnog djelovanja u Hrvatskoj u pogledu regrutacije novog članstva. Istraživački nalazi potencijalno pridonose i kod nas nedovoljno istraženim temama pravnog znanja, pravne pismenosti, pravne kulture i pravne socijalizacije putem koje se ta znanja usvajaju.","PeriodicalId":39535,"journal":{"name":"Revija za Sociologiju","volume":"51 1","pages":"51-80"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46127640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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