This article assesses Gamal Abdel Nasser’s efforts to transform Egypt’s postcolonial economy via his industrialisation policies, drawing lessons for today from both his successes and shortcomings. By analysing outcomes through indicators of industrial production, employment patterns, productivity, and main beneficiaries in the post-independence period, the article critiques Nasser’s incremental approach, the undermining of workers’ movements, and the limiting nature of ‘state feminism’, which contributed to the failure to achieve full economic and political independence, leading to its eventual collapse in the face of imperialist resurgence. Nasser’s industrialisation project, however, does demonstrate the superiority of active policy intervention, particularly of planning and import-substitution- industrialisation, and suggests the need to pursue central planning, economic inclusion, self-sufficiency, and social production aimed at meeting the material needs of the population in the contemporary period. Kareem Megahed, Political economy, history researcher / Post-Colonialisms Today researcher. Email: k.megahed@sjplatform.org Omar Ghannam, Political economy researcher / Post-Colonialisms Today researcher. Email: o.ghannam@sjplatform.org
{"title":"3 - The Rocket in the Haystack: Between Nasser’s Developmental Vision and the Neo-Imperialist Mission","authors":"K. Megahed, Omar A. Ghannam","doi":"10.57054/ad.v47i1.1790","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57054/ad.v47i1.1790","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000This article assesses Gamal Abdel Nasser’s efforts to transform Egypt’s postcolonial economy via his industrialisation policies, drawing lessons for today from both his successes and shortcomings. By analysing outcomes through indicators of industrial production, employment patterns, productivity, and main beneficiaries in the post-independence period, the article critiques Nasser’s incremental approach, the undermining of workers’ movements, and the limiting nature of ‘state feminism’, which contributed to the failure to achieve full economic and political independence, leading to its eventual collapse in the face of imperialist resurgence. Nasser’s industrialisation project, however, does demonstrate the superiority of active policy intervention, particularly of planning and import-substitution- industrialisation, and suggests the need to pursue central planning, economic inclusion, self-sufficiency, and social production aimed at meeting the material needs of the population in the contemporary period. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Kareem Megahed, Political economy, history researcher / Post-Colonialisms Today researcher. Email: k.megahed@sjplatform.org \u0000Omar Ghannam, Political economy researcher / Post-Colonialisms Today researcher. Email: o.ghannam@sjplatform.org \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":39851,"journal":{"name":"Africa Development/Afrique et Developpement","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49572451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article aims to strengthen contemporary efforts to construct and pursue a pan-African agenda by interrogating the postcolonial imaginings of Léopold Sédar Senghor, Julius Nyerere and Kwame Nkrumah. To counter the present-day tendency to erase and flatten the diversity of this period, the article explores the variations and similarities of the three leaders’ approaches to socialism, pan-African unity, nationhood, economic development, epistemology and democracy. Through this contrast, the article derives some broad lessons for the contemporary period, including the importance of cultivating domestic resources (human, material and financial) rather than being dependent on external forces; the need for countries to construct a macro-vision that coordinates their economic, social and political projects; and the importance of maintaining sovereignty of thought in policy thinking on the continent to effectively break free from the universal, market-based prescriptions that now dominate under neoliberalism. Jimi O. Adesina, Professor and the DSI/NRF Chair of Social Policy, University of South Africa / Post-Colonialisms Today researcher. Email: jotadesina@gmail.com
本文旨在通过对lsamopold ssamdar Senghor, Julius Nyerere和Kwame Nkrumah的后殖民想象的质疑，加强当代构建和追求泛非议程的努力。为了对抗当今抹杀和扁平化这一时期多样性的倾向，本文探讨了三位领导人在社会主义、泛非统一、国家、经济发展、认识论和民主方面的差异和相似之处。通过这种对比，本文得出了一些对当代的广泛启示，包括重视培育国内资源(人力、物力和财力)，而不是依赖外部力量;各国需要建立宏观愿景，协调其经济、社会和政治项目;以及在非洲大陆的政策思维中维护思想主权的重要性，以有效地摆脱目前在新自由主义下占主导地位的普遍的、以市场为基础的处方。Jimi O. Adesina，教授，南非大学DSI/NRF社会政策主席/后殖民主义今日研究员。电子邮件:jotadesina@gmail.com
{"title":"2 - Variations in Postcolonial Imagination: Reflection on Senghor, Nyerere and Nkrumah","authors":"J. Adesina","doi":"10.57054/ad.v47i1.1789","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57054/ad.v47i1.1789","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000This article aims to strengthen contemporary efforts to construct and pursue a pan-African agenda by interrogating the postcolonial imaginings of Léopold Sédar Senghor, Julius Nyerere and Kwame Nkrumah. To counter the present-day tendency to erase and flatten the diversity of this period, the article explores the variations and similarities of the three leaders’ approaches to socialism, pan-African unity, nationhood, economic development, epistemology and democracy. Through this contrast, the article derives some broad lessons for the contemporary period, including the importance of cultivating domestic resources (human, material and financial) rather than being dependent on external forces; the need for countries to construct a macro-vision that coordinates their economic, social and political projects; and the importance of maintaining sovereignty of thought in policy thinking on the continent to effectively break free from the universal, market-based prescriptions that now dominate under neoliberalism. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Jimi O. Adesina, Professor and the DSI/NRF Chair of Social Policy, University of South Africa / Post-Colonialisms Today researcher. Email: jotadesina@gmail.com \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":39851,"journal":{"name":"Africa Development/Afrique et Developpement","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47326755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"1 - Introduction: Early Post-Independence Progressive Policies – Insights for our Times","authors":"Tetteh Hormeku-Ajei, A. Balaji, A. Olukoshi, A. Nayar","doi":"10.57054/ad.v47i1.1788","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57054/ad.v47i1.1788","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000Tetteh Hormeku-Ajei, Head of Programs, Third World Network-Africa / Post-Colonialisms Today Working Group. Email: thormeku@twnafrica.org \u0000Aishu Balaji, Senior Coordinator, Regions Refocus / Post-Colonialisms Today Secretariat. Email: aishu@regionsrefocus.org \u0000Adebayo Olukoshi, Distinguished Professor, Wits School of Governance / Post-Colonialisms Today Advisor. Email: olukoshi@gmail.com \u0000Anita Nayar, Director, Regions Refocus / Post-Colonialisms Today Secretariat. Email: anita@regionsrefocus.org \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":39851,"journal":{"name":"Africa Development/Afrique et Developpement","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44550936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Overserving how the hegemonic neoliberal model of central banking works to undermine African agency and development in the present day, this article charts an alternative path, drawing from Tunisia’s efforts to decolonise their monetary institutions in the immediate post-independence period. Tunisia’s construction of a developmentalist Central Bank played a critical role in mobilising resources to facilitate their post-independence agrarian reform agenda and industrialisation plans. Key characteristics of this model included working in tandem with the government towards shared objectives, mobilising domestic resources to finance development plans, and intervening directly through methods like incentivised savings and subsidised loans for strategic sectors. This is in contrast with the neoliberal model in which central banks are independent from the government, focused on controlling inflation above all else, and exclusively use indirect methods like interest rates to conduct monetary policy. The article highlights the progressive and feminist potential of central bank reform in the contemporary period as a key mechanism for Africa’s economic transformation. Chafik Ben Rouine, Tunisian Obserbatory of Economy, Tunis, Tunisia / Post-Colonialisms Today researcher. Email: chafik.benrouine@economie-tunisie.org
本文着眼于当今霸权的新自由主义中央银行模式如何破坏非洲的机构和发展，从突尼斯在独立后不久实现货币机构非殖民化的努力中绘制了一条替代路径。突尼斯建立的发展主义中央银行在调动资源促进其独立后的土地改革议程和工业化计划方面发挥了关键作用。这种模式的主要特征包括与政府合作实现共同目标，调动国内资源为发展计划提供资金，以及通过激励储蓄和战略部门补贴贷款等方法直接干预。这与新自由主义模式形成了鲜明对比，在新自由主义模型中，中央银行独立于政府，专注于控制通货膨胀，并完全使用利率等间接方法来执行货币政策。这篇文章强调了中央银行改革作为非洲经济转型的关键机制在当代的进步和女权主义潜力。Chafik Ben Rouine，突尼斯经济观察家，突尼斯，突尼斯/后殖民主义时代研究员。电子邮件：chafik.benrouine@economie-tunisie.org
{"title":"5 - Economic Decolonisation and the Role of the Central Bank in Postcolonial Development in Tunisia","authors":"Chafik Ben Rouine","doi":"10.57054/ad.v47i1.1792","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57054/ad.v47i1.1792","url":null,"abstract":"Overserving how the hegemonic neoliberal model of central banking works to undermine African agency and development in the present day, this article charts an alternative path, drawing from Tunisia’s efforts to decolonise their monetary institutions in the immediate post-independence period. Tunisia’s construction of a developmentalist Central Bank played a critical role in mobilising resources to facilitate their post-independence agrarian reform agenda and industrialisation plans. Key characteristics of this model included working in tandem with the government towards shared objectives, mobilising domestic resources to finance development plans, and intervening directly through methods like incentivised savings and subsidised loans for strategic sectors. This is in contrast with the neoliberal model in which central banks are independent from the government, focused on controlling inflation above all else, and exclusively use indirect methods like interest rates to conduct monetary policy. The article highlights the progressive and feminist potential of central bank reform in the contemporary period as a key mechanism for Africa’s economic transformation. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Chafik Ben Rouine, Tunisian Obserbatory of Economy, Tunis, Tunisia / Post-Colonialisms Today researcher. Email: chafik.benrouine@economie-tunisie.org","PeriodicalId":39851,"journal":{"name":"Africa Development/Afrique et Developpement","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43926379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article analyses development planning in post-independence Ghana and Tanzania, particularly related to agriculture, in contrast with the contemporary neoliberal subsumption of African economies to market forces. The article derives lessons from both their successes and shortcomings. Ghana and Tanzania’s experiences suggest the importance of agricultural transformation for national self-sufficiency; development planning as a mechanism to link all sectors of the economy; and the key strategic potential of the state in production, distribution and employment creation. Key shortcomings included the inability to fully de-link national economies from the global capitalist political economy, break dependence on earnings from cash crop exports, and the political and economic marginalisation of women in post-independence development planning. The article suggests that progressive development planning that centres the pursuit of gender justice is a critical starting point for imagining and pursuing alternatives to neoliberalism. Akua O. Britwum, Associate Professor, Department of Labour and Human Resource Studies, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana / Post-Colonialisms Today researcher. Email: aobritwum@ucc.edu.gh
本文分析了独立后的加纳和坦桑尼亚的发展规划，特别是与农业相关的规划，与当代非洲经济对市场力量的新自由主义包容形成对比。这篇文章从他们的成功和缺点中得出了教训。加纳和坦桑尼亚的经验表明农业转型对国家自给自足的重要性;发展规划作为联系经济各部门的机制;以及国家在生产、分配和创造就业方面的关键战略潜力。主要缺点包括无法使国民经济与全球资本主义政治经济完全脱钩，打破对经济作物出口收入的依赖，以及妇女在独立后发展规划中的政治和经济边缘化。这篇文章表明，以追求性别公正为中心的进步发展规划是想象和追求新自由主义替代方案的关键起点。Akua O. Britwum，加纳海岸角大学劳动与人力资源研究系副教授/后殖民主义今日研究员。电子邮件:aobritwum@ucc.edu.gh
{"title":"4 - Post-Independence Development Planning in Ghana and Tanzania: Agriculture, Women and Nation-building","authors":"A. Britwum","doi":"10.57054/ad.v47i1.1791","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57054/ad.v47i1.1791","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000This article analyses development planning in post-independence Ghana and Tanzania, particularly related to agriculture, in contrast with the contemporary neoliberal subsumption of African economies to market forces. The article derives lessons from both their successes and shortcomings. Ghana and Tanzania’s experiences suggest the importance of agricultural transformation for national self-sufficiency; development planning as a mechanism to link all sectors of the economy; and the key strategic potential of the state in production, distribution and employment creation. Key shortcomings included the inability to fully de-link national economies from the global capitalist political economy, break dependence on earnings from cash crop exports, and the political and economic marginalisation of women in post-independence development planning. The article suggests that progressive development planning that centres the pursuit of gender justice is a critical starting point for imagining and pursuing alternatives to neoliberalism. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Akua O. Britwum, Associate Professor, Department of Labour and Human Resource Studies, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana / Post-Colonialisms Today researcher. Email: aobritwum@ucc.edu.gh \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":39851,"journal":{"name":"Africa Development/Afrique et Developpement","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48347917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article analyses how sovereignty in Africa’s immediate post-independence period was necessarily conceptualised as a regional pan-African and internationalist project of decolonisation, outlining lessons for the contemporary period. The capacity of newly independent states to shape their domestic policy and mobilise resources was constrained by their subordinate place in the global political and economic order, which made them dependent on foreign capital and tied them to the interests of their former colonisers. As such, they fostered radical regional and international solidarity that would facilitate the continent’s development. Looking at a series of feminist conferences in the immediate post-independence era, the article also traces the contributions of Southern feminists to the decolonisation project and African feminists to the conception of pan-Africanism, breaking with Western feminists to conceptualise national liberation as fundamental to gender justice. Sara Salem, Assistant Professor, Department of Sociology, London School of Economics / Post-Colonialisms Today researcher. Email: s.salem3@lse.ac.uk
{"title":"6 - Radical Regionalism: Feminism, Sovereignty and the Pan-African Project","authors":"Sara Salem","doi":"10.57054/ad.v47i1.1793","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57054/ad.v47i1.1793","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000This article analyses how sovereignty in Africa’s immediate post-independence period was necessarily conceptualised as a regional pan-African and internationalist project of decolonisation, outlining lessons for the contemporary period. The capacity of newly independent states to shape their domestic policy and mobilise resources was constrained by their subordinate place in the global political and economic order, which made them dependent on foreign capital and tied them to the interests of their former colonisers. As such, they fostered radical regional and international solidarity that would facilitate the continent’s development. Looking at a series of feminist conferences in the immediate post-independence era, the article also traces the contributions of Southern feminists to the decolonisation project and African feminists to the conception of pan-Africanism, breaking with Western feminists to conceptualise national liberation as fundamental to gender justice. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Sara Salem, Assistant Professor, Department of Sociology, London School of Economics / Post-Colonialisms Today researcher. Email: s.salem3@lse.ac.uk \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":39851,"journal":{"name":"Africa Development/Afrique et Developpement","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44531863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Claude Ake presents the study of development as underpinned by Eurocentric teleologism. This refers particularly to how Western social sciences have been shaped around key disciplines that have been designed to restrain the ‘dynamic character of reality’, with a focus on analysing order as opposed to change. This article demonstrates the intellectual and practical limitations of linear understandings of change and transition that abstract from the ‘dynamic character of reality’ through disciplinary and other modes of confinement. This has, for instance, underpinned the tendency towards dichotomisation between the state and market across the ideological spectrum, in the study of development. The article responds to this challenge by centring critical African development thought in the work of Claude Ake, Thandika Mkandawire and Adebayo Olukoshi, and shows how conceptual development and analyses that are grounded in empirical experiences of transition problematise strict delineations of the milieus of the state and market, and the limiting of industrial development to particular sectors. In doing so, it showcases how progressing beyond linear analyses of transition, such as through paradigm extension of the developmental state paradigm to the enhanced developmental state paradigm, draws on the work of these key critical scholars. Eka Ikpe, African Leadership Centre, King’s College London, UK. Email: ekaette.ikpe@kcl.ac.uk
{"title":"2 - Transcending the State–Market Dichotomy, Developmentalism and Industrial Change: Learning from Critical African Scholars","authors":"E. Ikpe","doi":"10.57054/ad.v46i3.1199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57054/ad.v46i3.1199","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000Claude Ake presents the study of development as underpinned by Eurocentric teleologism. This refers particularly to how Western social sciences have been shaped around key disciplines that have been designed to restrain the ‘dynamic character of reality’, with a focus on analysing order as opposed to change. This article demonstrates the intellectual and practical limitations of linear understandings of change and transition that abstract from the ‘dynamic character of reality’ through disciplinary and other modes of confinement. This has, for instance, underpinned the tendency towards dichotomisation between the state and market across the ideological spectrum, in the study of development. The article responds to this challenge by centring critical African development thought in the work of Claude Ake, Thandika Mkandawire and Adebayo Olukoshi, and shows how conceptual development and analyses that are grounded in empirical experiences of transition problematise strict delineations of the milieus of the state and market, and the limiting of industrial development to particular sectors. In doing so, it showcases how progressing beyond linear analyses of transition, such as through paradigm extension of the developmental state paradigm to the enhanced developmental state paradigm, draws on the work of these key critical scholars. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Eka Ikpe, African Leadership Centre, King’s College London, UK. Email: ekaette.ikpe@kcl.ac.uk \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":39851,"journal":{"name":"Africa Development/Afrique et Developpement","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42755496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article draws on a qualitative study piloted in Maiduguri, Northern Nigeria, to unpack the gender logics that shape why women join Boko Haram, their roles, how they are perceived by their communities on their return and how these dynamics inform the ‘deradicalisation’ programmes of the Nigerian government and civil society organisations. The study reveals that the absence of a gender power analysis reproduces the dominant tropes evident in radicalisation theories and programmes about who is radicalised and why, thus limiting a holistic response to the factors that drive association with Boko Haram in Northern Nigeria. The article points to the opportunities that a more nuanced reading of women’s experiences of associating with armed groups and their return to their communities offers to re-conceptualising integration programmes. Awino Okech, SOAS, University of London. Email: ao21@soas.ac.uk
{"title":"1 - Governing Gender: Violent Extremism in Northern Nigeria","authors":"A. Okech","doi":"10.57054/ad.v46i3.1198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57054/ad.v46i3.1198","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000This article draws on a qualitative study piloted in Maiduguri, Northern Nigeria, to unpack the gender logics that shape why women join Boko Haram, their roles, how they are perceived by their communities on their return and how these dynamics inform the ‘deradicalisation’ programmes of the Nigerian government and civil society organisations. The study reveals that the absence of a gender power analysis reproduces the dominant tropes evident in radicalisation theories and programmes about who is radicalised and why, thus limiting a holistic response to the factors that drive association with Boko Haram in Northern Nigeria. The article points to the opportunities that a more nuanced reading of women’s experiences of associating with armed groups and their return to their communities offers to re-conceptualising integration programmes. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Awino Okech, SOAS, University of London. Email: ao21@soas.ac.uk \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":39851,"journal":{"name":"Africa Development/Afrique et Developpement","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42463864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Janvier Kilosho Buraye, Emery Mushagalusa Mudinga, A. Bashizi
Nous utilisons le concept de « déterritorialisation » pour explorer les perceptions actuelles de la communauté locale sur la stratégie de délocalisation par Twangiza mining dans le « territoire » de Luhwindja au Sud-Kivu, 15 ans après que la compagnie minière a délocalisé les ménages. Un échantillon aléatoire de 250 ménages a été interrogé après 9 entretiens semi-structurés avec des informateurs clés et 3 groupes de discussion en 2019. Nous mesurons les perceptions sur la déterritorialisation à travers un indice. Les résultats indiquent que les ménages de Luhwindja ont une appréciation négative de la stratégie de délocalisation de Twangiza mining. Les perceptions sont basées sur les effets de cette stratégie : accès limité au marché, aux opportunités d'affaires, aux infrastructures de base, ainsi qu’aux réseaux sociaux. La stratégie de délocalisation de l'exploitation minière de Twangiza a permis des différences significatives dans les caractéristiques socio-économiques entre les ménages délocalisés et non délocalisés. Dans le contexte de l'exploitation minière industrielle dans les communautés rurales, l'analyse de la déterritorialisation indique que les aspects socio-économiques des populations sont plus nécessaires dans la perception des communautés que les autres aspects et sont des facteurs sur lesquels toute politique de délocalisation des ménages devrait être basée. Pour la stratégie de délocalisation, nous proposons de considérer le territoire dans sa pluralité. Janvier Kilosho Buraye, Université Catholique de Bukavu et Institut Supérieur Pédagogique de Bukavu. Email : janvier.kilosho@gmail.com Emery Mushagalusa Mudinga, Institut Supérieur de Développement Rural (ISDR/Bukavu) et Angaza Institute. Email : mudingae@yahoo.fr Anuarite Bashizi, Centre d’expertise en Gestion minière, Université catholique de Bukavu et Angaza Institute. Email : anuarite.bashizi@uclouvain.be
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