The premise of this article is that there has been a dialectical duality to the political science study of Africa, in terms of scholars and focus. The duality of scholars is represented by African scholars both on the continent and in the diaspora, on one hand, and Africanist scholars (non-African scholars who study Africa), on the other. Much of the political study of Africa has focused on the problematic of development. This political science research focus on the problematic of development gives epistemological priority to generating empirical political knowledge research. In contrast, research emphasis on the problematic of emancipation from oppression and exploitation prioritises an epistemological conception of knowledge that facilitates radical change as it grapples with evaluative moral-ethical issues. The purpose of the article is to examine the dialectical nexus of development- and emancipatory-focused political study of Africa, and the impact and relevance of the corpus of political science epistemologies thus generated. The central argument is that the relevance and implications of political science epistemologies generated via normative and critical approaches have been more profound than those generated via strictly positivist and empirical approaches. Shadrack Wanjala Nasong’o, Professor of International Studies, Rhodes College, Memphis, Tennessee, USA. Email: nasongos@rhodes.edu
{"title":"6 - Political Science and African Political Epistemologies: The Dialectics of Developmentalist vs. Emancipatory Approaches","authors":"S. W. Nasong’o","doi":"10.57054/ad.v46i3.1203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57054/ad.v46i3.1203","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000The premise of this article is that there has been a dialectical duality to the political science study of Africa, in terms of scholars and focus. The duality of scholars is represented by African scholars both on the continent and in the diaspora, on one hand, and Africanist scholars (non-African scholars who study Africa), on the other. Much of the political study of Africa has focused on the problematic of development. This political science research focus on the problematic of development gives epistemological priority to generating empirical political knowledge research. In contrast, research emphasis on the problematic of emancipation from oppression and exploitation prioritises an epistemological conception of knowledge that facilitates radical change as it grapples with evaluative moral-ethical issues. The purpose of the article is to examine the dialectical nexus of development- and emancipatory-focused political study of Africa, and the impact and relevance of the corpus of political science epistemologies thus generated. The central argument is that the relevance and implications of political science epistemologies generated via normative and critical approaches have been more profound than those generated via strictly positivist and empirical approaches. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Shadrack Wanjala Nasong’o, Professor of International Studies, Rhodes College, Memphis, Tennessee, USA. Email: nasongos@rhodes.edu \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":39851,"journal":{"name":"Africa Development/Afrique et Developpement","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44947491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article investigates the changes to and achievements of Nigeria’s foreign and defence policies from 1985 to 1993. It also examines the economic, political, and sociocultural implications of these policies on the nation. The article argues that despite some identified failures of Ibrahim Babangida’s regime, certain innovations and actions, especially the foreign and defence policies that were introduced and carried out by his government, were signif icant in nature. The article also addresses the interlocking relationship between defence and foreign policy execution and concludes with recommendations on how this can be managed to promote the effectiveness of Nigeria’s external relations. The article depended largely on archival materials from the Nigerian Institute of International Affairs, supported by scholarly journal articles, books and newspaper materials. Dele Jemirade, Department of History, Faculty of Liberal Arts and Professional Studies, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Email: delej@yorku.ca
{"title":"5 - Nigeria’s Foreign and Defence Policies During Babangida's Regime: An Assessment","authors":"Dele Jemirade","doi":"10.57054/ad.v46i3.1202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57054/ad.v46i3.1202","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000This article investigates the changes to and achievements of Nigeria’s foreign and defence policies from 1985 to 1993. It also examines the economic, political, and sociocultural implications of these policies on the nation. The article argues that despite some identified failures of Ibrahim Babangida’s regime, certain innovations and actions, especially the foreign and defence policies that were introduced and carried out by his government, were signif icant in nature. The article also addresses the interlocking relationship between defence and foreign policy execution and concludes with recommendations on how this can be managed to promote the effectiveness of Nigeria’s external relations. The article depended largely on archival materials from the Nigerian Institute of International Affairs, supported by scholarly journal articles, books and newspaper materials. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Dele Jemirade, Department of History, Faculty of Liberal Arts and Professional Studies, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Email: delej@yorku.ca \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":39851,"journal":{"name":"Africa Development/Afrique et Developpement","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42831849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Terror groups, like al-Shabaab and Boko Haram, have emerged in recent years as key drivers of conflict in some African countries, generating mass casualties from routine suicide bomb attacks. The strategies of these groups include the increasing mobilisation and deployment of women in suicide bombing operations. At the same time, women have been among the most victimised by the activities of the terror groups, both as direct targets of attacks and as internally displaced people. The focus of this study is to discuss the twin dynamic by which women are both agents and victims of the terror groups. The study seeks to explore what existing knowledge tells us about possible future trends in the ‘weaponisation’ of women and mass atrocities. It also considers the place of Responsibility to Protect (R2P) tools in stemming the tide of the weaponisation of women. The nexus of gender, suicide bombing and displacement and what these mean for R2P are the sub-components of the analysis that underpins the article. Cecilia Idika-Kalu, Graduate Lecturer, College of Fine Arts, Humanities & Social Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, USA. Email: cecilia_idikakalu@student.uml.edu
{"title":"3 - Weaponised and Displaced Women in Mass Atrocities and the RtoP","authors":"Cecilia Idika‐Kalu","doi":"10.57054/ad.v46i3.1200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57054/ad.v46i3.1200","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000Terror groups, like al-Shabaab and Boko Haram, have emerged in recent years as key drivers of conflict in some African countries, generating mass casualties from routine suicide bomb attacks. The strategies of these groups include the increasing mobilisation and deployment of women in suicide bombing operations. At the same time, women have been among the most victimised by the activities of the terror groups, both as direct targets of attacks and as internally displaced people. The focus of this study is to discuss the twin dynamic by which women are both agents and victims of the terror groups. The study seeks to explore what existing knowledge tells us about possible future trends in the ‘weaponisation’ of women and mass atrocities. It also considers the place of Responsibility to Protect (R2P) tools in stemming the tide of the weaponisation of women. The nexus of gender, suicide bombing and displacement and what these mean for R2P are the sub-components of the analysis that underpins the article. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Cecilia Idika-Kalu, Graduate Lecturer, College of Fine Arts, Humanities & Social Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, USA. Email: cecilia_idikakalu@student.uml.edu \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":39851,"journal":{"name":"Africa Development/Afrique et Developpement","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44601061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cet article rend compte de la diversité des manières d’écrire, de faire, de parler de la participation communautaire dans la lutte contre Ebola en République de Guinée, souligne leurs paradoxes et éclaire la compréhension des réactions violentes observées lors de l’épidémie. Les données sont tirées d’une recherche anthropologique sur les expériences sociales de lutte contre l’épidémie d’Ebola (2015 à 2017) à Coyah, Forécariah et Conakry. Les résultats indiquent que les populations ont été mobilisées par les organisations internationales ou par l’entremise d’organisations communautaires pour réaliser des activités d’engagement communautaire. Cette grammaire officielle ne les a pas réellement engagées dans la lutte parce que ses ontologies de base ne favorisent pas les principes de l’agentisation et de la membralité. Elle a plutôt exacerbé les inégalités que contribué à développer leurs capacités d’initiative et pouvoir de résilience. D’un autre côté, diverses communautés ont pris des initiatives et se sont auto-organisées, de manière plus revendicative, critique, que collaborative. Cette grammaire pragmatique est l’affirmation d’un besoin de reconnaissance et les réactions dites de « réticence » rappellent les revendications de pouvoir des malades voulant être des acteurs et non de simples patients de leur maladie. Sylvain Landry Faye, Professeur Titulaire des Universités, Socio-Anthropologue, Département de Sociologie, Faculté des Lettres et Sciences Humaines (FLSH), Université Cheikh Anta Diop (UCAD), Dakar, Sénégal. Email : fayesylvain@yahoo.fr ; sylvain.faye@ucad.edu.sn
{"title":"7 - Confrontations des « grammaires » de la « participation » communautaire en contexte d’urgence sanitaire d’Ebola en Guinée-Conakry","authors":"S. Faye","doi":"10.57054/ad.v46i3.1204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57054/ad.v46i3.1204","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000Cet article rend compte de la diversité des manières d’écrire, de faire, de parler de la participation communautaire dans la lutte contre Ebola en République de Guinée, souligne leurs paradoxes et éclaire la compréhension des réactions violentes observées lors de l’épidémie. Les données sont tirées d’une recherche anthropologique sur les expériences sociales de lutte contre l’épidémie d’Ebola (2015 à 2017) à Coyah, Forécariah et Conakry. Les résultats indiquent que les populations ont été mobilisées par les organisations internationales ou par l’entremise d’organisations communautaires pour réaliser des activités d’engagement communautaire. Cette grammaire officielle ne les a pas réellement engagées dans la lutte parce que ses ontologies de base ne favorisent pas les principes de l’agentisation et de la membralité. Elle a plutôt exacerbé les inégalités que contribué à développer leurs capacités d’initiative et pouvoir de résilience. D’un autre côté, diverses communautés ont pris des initiatives et se sont auto-organisées, de manière plus revendicative, critique, que collaborative. Cette grammaire pragmatique est l’affirmation d’un besoin de reconnaissance et les réactions dites de « réticence » rappellent les revendications de pouvoir des malades voulant être des acteurs et non de simples patients de leur maladie. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Sylvain Landry Faye, Professeur Titulaire des Universités, Socio-Anthropologue, Département de Sociologie, Faculté des Lettres et Sciences Humaines (FLSH), Université Cheikh Anta Diop (UCAD), Dakar, Sénégal. Email : fayesylvain@yahoo.fr ; sylvain.faye@ucad.edu.sn \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":39851,"journal":{"name":"Africa Development/Afrique et Developpement","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44146308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The literature on the use of research is both rich and varied. Yet, little is known about the use of available social research by environmental NGOs in the African context. This paper aims at contributing to the debate on this issue from the perspective of Moroccan civil society. In order to achieve this objective, we have analysed the results of a survey conducted among a sample of Moroccan NGOs working in environmental protection. Overall, it seems that a relatively large proportion of surveyed environmental NGOs receive and understand social research findings, but the process remains incomplete, as the use of these findings tends to diminish during the adoption stage and especially during the decision-influencing stage. Moreover, this conclusion must be regarded cautiously, given the confusion that arises from the lack of distinction between research and consulting activities. Finally, PLS regression reveals that the use of social science research by Moroccan environmental NGOs is influenced by three main factors: research adaptation effort, relational proximity between researchers and users, and the NGO director’s employment status. Brahim El Morchid, Department of Economics, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech. Email: b.elmorchid@uca.ma Hind Hourmat Allah, Department of Management,Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech. Email: h.hourmatallah@uca.ma
关于研究用途的文献既丰富又多样。然而，人们对环境非政府组织在非洲背景下利用现有的社会研究知之甚少。本文件旨在从摩洛哥民间社会的角度为关于这一问题的辩论作出贡献。为了实现这一目标，我们分析了对从事环境保护工作的摩洛哥非政府组织样本进行的调查结果。总体而言，似乎有相对较大比例的受访环境非政府组织接受并理解社会研究结果，但这一过程仍然不完整，因为在采纳阶段，尤其是在影响决策阶段，这些结果的使用往往会减少。此外，鉴于研究和咨询活动之间缺乏区别而产生的混乱，必须谨慎看待这一结论。最后，PLS回归表明，摩洛哥环境非政府组织对社会科学研究的使用受到三个主要因素的影响：研究适应努力、研究人员和用户之间的关系接近程度以及非政府组织主任的就业状况。Brahim El Morchid，马拉喀什Cadi Ayyad大学经济系。电子邮件：b.elmorchid@uca.maHind Hourmat Allah，马拉喀什Cadi Ayyad大学管理系。电子邮件：h.hourmatallah@uca.ma
{"title":"4 - The Use of Social Science Research by Environmental NGOs in Africa: Evidence from Morocco","authors":"Brahim El Morchid, Hind Hourmat Allah","doi":"10.57054/ad.v46i3.1201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57054/ad.v46i3.1201","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000The literature on the use of research is both rich and varied. Yet, little is known about the use of available social research by environmental NGOs in the African context. This paper aims at contributing to the debate on this issue from the perspective of Moroccan civil society. In order to achieve this objective, we have analysed the results of a survey conducted among a sample of Moroccan NGOs working in environmental protection. Overall, it seems that a relatively large proportion of surveyed environmental NGOs receive and understand social research findings, but the process remains incomplete, as the use of these findings tends to diminish during the adoption stage and especially during the decision-influencing stage. Moreover, this conclusion must be regarded cautiously, given the confusion that arises from the lack of distinction between research and consulting activities. Finally, PLS regression reveals that the use of social science research by Moroccan environmental NGOs is influenced by three main factors: research adaptation effort, relational proximity between researchers and users, and the NGO director’s employment status. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Brahim El Morchid, Department of Economics, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech. Email: b.elmorchid@uca.ma \u0000Hind Hourmat Allah, Department of Management,Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech. Email: h.hourmatallah@uca.ma \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":39851,"journal":{"name":"Africa Development/Afrique et Developpement","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43707961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article “Policies of racial equality: processes of conquests of rights in Brazil and the African Continent” presents a quick reflection on the existence of structural racism, which directly affects black people (women and men), and also the whole population. Facing this situation, throughout history, many have been the strategies of fights to guarantee human rights and racial justice. Five areas structure this article: Our steps come from distant: the fight for democracy, human rights, and culture; There is no democracy with racism; Fights of the Black Movement and Black Women’s Organizations in Brazil; Racial equality agenda of the relationship of Brazil and Africa; and Brazil integrating the logic of SULEAR the world. The article concludes that we must reinforce the daily fights for the guarantee of democratic rights and social justice, strengthen the utopia of broadening the conquests, and, above all, invest in structural changes. Matilde Ribeiro, Professora adjunta na UNILAB – Universidade da Integração Internacional da Lusofonia Afro-Brasileira. Email: mribeiro@unilab.edu.br
{"title":"8 - Políticas de igualdade racial: processos de conquistas de direitos no Brasil e no Continente Africano","authors":"Matilde Ribeiro","doi":"10.57054/ad.v46i2.1187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57054/ad.v46i2.1187","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000The article “Policies of racial equality: processes of conquests of rights in Brazil and the African Continent” presents a quick reflection on the existence of structural racism, which directly affects black people (women and men), and also the whole population. Facing this situation, throughout history, many have been the strategies of fights to guarantee human rights and racial justice. Five areas structure this article: Our steps come from distant: the fight for democracy, human rights, and culture; There is no democracy with racism; Fights of the Black Movement and Black Women’s Organizations in Brazil; Racial equality agenda of the relationship of Brazil and Africa; and Brazil integrating the logic of SULEAR the world. The article concludes that we must reinforce the daily fights for the guarantee of democratic rights and social justice, strengthen the utopia of broadening the conquests, and, above all, invest in structural changes. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Matilde Ribeiro, Professora adjunta na UNILAB – Universidade da Integração Internacional da Lusofonia Afro-Brasileira. Email: mribeiro@unilab.edu.br \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":39851,"journal":{"name":"Africa Development/Afrique et Developpement","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47279654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mozambique has long been considered a political success story in Africa. Nevertheless, it was clear from the signing of the General Peace Agreement in 1992 and the first general elections in 1994 that the official narrative of this success hid severe problems. The major challenge for Mozambican democracy has been the management of the electoral process. With little transparency and not much evidence of legal process, the consequence has been the repeated resurgence of political tensions and military clashes between Renamo and the Frelimo-led national Government. This paper seeks to explore the relationship between ‘negative peace’ and the lack of transparency in Mozambican electoral processes, whose main consequence is an ‘endless transition’ towards a ‘normal’ model of democracy. Luca Bussotti, Associate Visiting Professor, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Brazil. Associate Researcher, Centro dos Estudos Internacionais, Instituto Universitário de Lisboa (CEI-IUL), Portugal. Email: labronicus@gmail.com
{"title":"1 - Peace and Democracy in Mozambique: An Endless Transition","authors":"Luca Bussotti","doi":"10.57054/ad.v46i2.1180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57054/ad.v46i2.1180","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Mozambique has long been considered a political success story in Africa. Nevertheless, it was clear from the signing of the General Peace Agreement in 1992 and the first general elections in 1994 that the official narrative of this success hid severe problems. The major challenge for Mozambican democracy has been the management of the electoral process. With little transparency and not much evidence of legal process, the consequence has been the repeated resurgence of political tensions and military clashes between Renamo and the Frelimo-led national Government. This paper seeks to explore the relationship between ‘negative peace’ and the lack of transparency in Mozambican electoral processes, whose main consequence is an ‘endless transition’ towards a ‘normal’ model of democracy. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Luca Bussotti, Associate Visiting Professor, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Brazil. Associate Researcher, Centro dos Estudos Internacionais, Instituto Universitário de Lisboa (CEI-IUL), Portugal. Email: labronicus@gmail.com \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":39851,"journal":{"name":"Africa Development/Afrique et Developpement","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44875208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Laughter can be understood and used by/under several aspects, but in these considerations it is read in its political-ideological bias, in line with the interpretation of the comic in its implication and social responsibility, as recommended by Wole Soyinka (1988), when define it, too, as a resource for raising awareness and facing the structures of oppression. As objects of discussion of these analytical perspectives, the literary corpus is centered on the narratives of the Cape Verdean writers Germano Almeida and Mário Lúcio Sousa, who have great national and international projection, moving through different spaces of artistic and public life, most notably in their performances as literary creators and elected deputies. So, here, in a synthetic way, I trace readings on the works O Meu Poeta ([1990], 1992) and A Morte do Meu Poeta (1998), by Germano Almeida, and Biografia do Língua (2015), by Mário Lúcio Sousa, to problematize how these books use risibility in dealing with demands and categorizations about race, ethnicity, gender and class in the context of Cape Verde. Thus, this work is expected to be able to contribute to the bibliography referring to investigations on Cape Verdean literature(s), as well as to studies about the comic in African writings in Portuguese. Mariana Andrade Gomes, Pesquisadora Associada I da Coordenadoria de Estudos da África da Universidade Fedral de Pernambuco (CEAf-UFPE), Co-Coordenadora do Grupo de Estudos Dúdú Èrò (PE), Brasil. Email: gomes.marianaandrade@gmail.com
笑可以在几个方面被理解和使用，但在这些考虑中，它被解读为其政治意识形态偏见，符合Wole Soyinka（1988）在将其定义为提高意识和面对压迫结构的资源时对漫画含义和社会责任的解释。作为这些分析视角的讨论对象，文学语料库以佛得角作家Germano Almeida和Mário Lúcio Sousa的叙事为中心，他们在国家和国际上有着巨大的投射力，在艺术和公共生活的不同空间中穿行，最显著的是他们作为文学创作者和民选代表的表现。因此，在这里，我以一种综合的方式追溯了Germano Almeida的作品《O Meu Poeta》（[1990]，1992）和《a Morte do Meu Poeta》（1998），以及Mário Lúcio Sousa的作品《Biografia do Língua》（2015），以质疑这些书如何在佛得角的背景下利用可笑来处理种族、民族、性别和阶级的需求和分类。因此，这项工作有望为参考书目提供参考，以调查佛得角文学，以及研究葡萄牙语非洲作品中的漫画。Mariana Andrade Gomes，Pesquisadora Associada I da Coordenadoria de Estudos da África da Universidade Fedral de Pernambuco（CEAf UFPE），Co Coordenadora do Grupo de Estudos-DúDúEÉroÉ（PE），巴西。电子邮件：gomes.marianaandrade@gmail.com
{"title":"5 - Uma basofaria crioula: considerações sobre as narrativas O meu poeta (1992), A morte do meu poeta (1998), de Germano Almeida e Biografia do língua (2015) de Mário Lúcio Sousa","authors":"Mariana Andrade Gomes","doi":"10.57054/ad.v46i2.1184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57054/ad.v46i2.1184","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000Laughter can be understood and used by/under several aspects, but in these considerations it is read in its political-ideological bias, in line with the interpretation of the comic in its implication and social responsibility, as recommended by Wole Soyinka (1988), when define it, too, as a resource for raising awareness and facing the structures of oppression. As objects of discussion of these analytical perspectives, the literary corpus is centered on the narratives of the Cape Verdean writers Germano Almeida and Mário Lúcio Sousa, who have great national and international projection, moving through different spaces of artistic and public life, most notably in their performances as literary creators and elected deputies. So, here, in a synthetic way, I trace readings on the works O Meu Poeta ([1990], 1992) and A Morte do Meu Poeta (1998), by Germano Almeida, and Biografia do Língua (2015), by Mário Lúcio Sousa, to problematize how these books use risibility in dealing with demands and categorizations about race, ethnicity, gender and class in the context of Cape Verde. Thus, this work is expected to be able to contribute to the bibliography referring to investigations on Cape Verdean literature(s), as well as to studies about the comic in African writings in Portuguese. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Mariana Andrade Gomes, Pesquisadora Associada I da Coordenadoria de Estudos da África da Universidade Fedral de Pernambuco (CEAf-UFPE), Co-Coordenadora do Grupo de Estudos Dúdú Èrò (PE), Brasil. Email: gomes.marianaandrade@gmail.com \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":39851,"journal":{"name":"Africa Development/Afrique et Developpement","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44566816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study aims to analyze the political determinations that interfere with democratic stability in Guinea-Bissau. The work fits in the field of political sociology, addresses the connection between political relations within the structures of the State and the democratic process. It seeks to understand the impact of these relations on the process of socioeconomic and political development of the country, especially in the period after the colonial independence, having as its theoretical reference the post-colonial thought, applied to the political processes of African countries. This research used the qualitative method, accompanied by semi-structured interviews conducted in Guinea-Bissau with key informants and documentary research based on official documents from the Guinean government. The result was that there were several determinants that influenced in the various phases of the country’s political life. The weak affirmation of the normal procedures of a democracy, which includes disputes over political power aiming to control the state apparatus, economic crisis, problems of poverty, coups d’état led by military with participation of politicians, leading to the current situation, of constant instability and institutional precariousness. Arnaldo Sucuma, Professor no Centro Universitário de Patos – UNIFIP/Paraíba/Brasil; Professor no Centro Universitário da Vitória de Santo Antão – UNIVISA/Pernambuco/Brasil; Professor na Universidade do Estado de Pernambuco – UPE/Brasil. Email: arnaldoarsu@gmail.com
{"title":"3 - Política e Democracia na Guiné-Bissau pós-colonial","authors":"Arnaldo Sucuma","doi":"10.57054/ad.v46i2.1182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57054/ad.v46i2.1182","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000This study aims to analyze the political determinations that interfere with democratic stability in Guinea-Bissau. The work fits in the field of political sociology, addresses the connection between political relations within the structures of the State and the democratic process. It seeks to understand the impact of these relations on the process of socioeconomic and political development of the country, especially in the period after the colonial independence, having as its theoretical reference the post-colonial thought, applied to the political processes of African countries. This research used the qualitative method, accompanied by semi-structured interviews conducted in Guinea-Bissau with key informants and documentary research based on official documents from the Guinean government. The result was that there were several determinants that influenced in the various phases of the country’s political life. The weak affirmation of the normal procedures of a democracy, which includes disputes over political power aiming to control the state apparatus, economic crisis, problems of poverty, coups d’état led by military with participation of politicians, leading to the current situation, of constant instability and institutional precariousness. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Arnaldo Sucuma, Professor no Centro Universitário de Patos – UNIFIP/Paraíba/Brasil; Professor no Centro Universitário da Vitória de Santo Antão – UNIVISA/Pernambuco/Brasil; Professor na Universidade do Estado de Pernambuco – UPE/Brasil. Email: arnaldoarsu@gmail.com \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":39851,"journal":{"name":"Africa Development/Afrique et Developpement","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46722323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
African traditional societies, including the Amakhuwas of Northern Mozambique, developed believes and traditional practices, in the spiritual as well as in the social field, which evolved over time. Nevertheless, the prevalent trend in research relegates such cultures to a role of subordination. This was the case of colonial as well as missionary literature, and it is so in part until today, with the use of paradigms centered into a supposed modernizing approach, which invites ethnic and linguistic groups as the Amakhuwas to leave their practices, in name of the respect of a set of human rights which those practices, would violate. This research, carried out in Nampula city, tries to show that a similar perspective does not consider a universe of values, believes and practices which have to be understood through an “internal” philosophical and anthropological approach. This approach has not to disregard the respect for human individual rights, as well as for collective rights of a group which built its identity on these believes and practices. This research was focused in particular on two interconnected aspects: the social functions of traditional medicine and the initiation rites, especially of feminine type. As a conclusion, this research shows that traditional practices suffered an evolution, in general going towards the respect for human individual rights, differentiating them in accordance with the localization and the social and cultural environment in which they are practiced. Without drawing definitive conclusions, it seems necessary to carry out a deep reflection regarding the relation between traditional practices and respect for human rights inside the amakhuwa society. Laura António Nhaueleque, Researcher at the CEMRI – Open University of Lisbon. Professor of Human Rights, Technical University of Mozambique. Email: lauramacua@gmail.com
{"title":"4 - Práticas Tradicionais e Direitos Humanos na Sociedade dos Amakhuwa: Estudo de caso da Cidade de Nampula","authors":"Laura António Nhaueleque","doi":"10.57054/ad.v46i2.1183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57054/ad.v46i2.1183","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000African traditional societies, including the Amakhuwas of Northern Mozambique, developed believes and traditional practices, in the spiritual as well as in the social field, which evolved over time. Nevertheless, the prevalent trend in research relegates such cultures to a role of subordination. This was the case of colonial as well as missionary literature, and it is so in part until today, with the use of paradigms centered into a supposed modernizing approach, which invites ethnic and linguistic groups as the Amakhuwas to leave their practices, in name of the respect of a set of human rights which those practices, would violate. This research, carried out in Nampula city, tries to show that a similar perspective does not consider a universe of values, believes and practices which have to be understood through an “internal” philosophical and anthropological approach. This approach has not to disregard the respect for human individual rights, as well as for collective rights of a group which built its identity on these believes and practices. This research was focused in particular on two interconnected aspects: the social functions of traditional medicine and the initiation rites, especially of feminine type. As a conclusion, this research shows that traditional practices suffered an evolution, in general going towards the respect for human individual rights, differentiating them in accordance with the localization and the social and cultural environment in which they are practiced. Without drawing definitive conclusions, it seems necessary to carry out a deep reflection regarding the relation between traditional practices and respect for human rights inside the amakhuwa society. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Laura António Nhaueleque, Researcher at the CEMRI – Open University of Lisbon. Professor of Human Rights, Technical University of Mozambique. Email: lauramacua@gmail.com \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":39851,"journal":{"name":"Africa Development/Afrique et Developpement","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47299630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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