Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1080/0907676X.1998.9961337
Nelly G. Chachibaia, Michael R. Colenso
Abstract This article aims to identify and describe the peculiarities of the mechanism of transformation in the process of simultaneous interpreting of a scientific discussion. Discussion is a very special text type. Its peculiarities arise from its oral and immediate nature. The process of simultaneous interpreting is not a simple transformation of a text from a source language into a target language, but is, rather, a complex process. The interpreter first transforms the source language text into a certain type of representation of its sense; this is followed by a second transformation of this semantic representation into the target language text. The task of the interpreter requires mechanisms and procedures for language comprehension and language production within a very limited span of time. The present article explores the peculiarities of simultaneous interpreting of scientific discussion as a text type.
{"title":"Simultaneous interpreting of a scientific discussion","authors":"Nelly G. Chachibaia, Michael R. Colenso","doi":"10.1080/0907676X.1998.9961337","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0907676X.1998.9961337","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article aims to identify and describe the peculiarities of the mechanism of transformation in the process of simultaneous interpreting of a scientific discussion. Discussion is a very special text type. Its peculiarities arise from its oral and immediate nature. The process of simultaneous interpreting is not a simple transformation of a text from a source language into a target language, but is, rather, a complex process. The interpreter first transforms the source language text into a certain type of representation of its sense; this is followed by a second transformation of this semantic representation into the target language text. The task of the interpreter requires mechanisms and procedures for language comprehension and language production within a very limited span of time. The present article explores the peculiarities of simultaneous interpreting of scientific discussion as a text type.","PeriodicalId":398879,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives-studies in Translatology","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121208589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1080/0907676X.1995.9961253
F. Aubert
Abstract The need for a revision of the main focus of current translation theory is suggested, pointing, at once, to an improved dialogue with professional translators and towards a more central or even dominant role of translation theory within the framework of translation courses as offered by academic institutions.
{"title":"Translation theory, teaching and the profession","authors":"F. Aubert","doi":"10.1080/0907676X.1995.9961253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0907676X.1995.9961253","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The need for a revision of the main focus of current translation theory is suggested, pointing, at once, to an improved dialogue with professional translators and towards a more central or even dominant role of translation theory within the framework of translation courses as offered by academic institutions.","PeriodicalId":398879,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives-studies in Translatology","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128455915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1080/0907676X.1994.9961233
S. Kanakaraj
Abstract Knowledge is expanding rapidly. Every day new words are coined for discoveries and inventions. No language should attempt to translate these international words. The only sensible means of adopting these is through transliteration. Transliteration requires that the language concerned has symbols to represent the phonemes of the original languages, notably of English. Some Indian languages do have the necessary alphabetical letters. Others must resort to designing new symbols. This article recommends the judicious use of diacritical marks for the phonetic components of modern languages.
{"title":"Translation and transliteration","authors":"S. Kanakaraj","doi":"10.1080/0907676X.1994.9961233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0907676X.1994.9961233","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Knowledge is expanding rapidly. Every day new words are coined for discoveries and inventions. No language should attempt to translate these international words. The only sensible means of adopting these is through transliteration. Transliteration requires that the language concerned has symbols to represent the phonemes of the original languages, notably of English. Some Indian languages do have the necessary alphabetical letters. Others must resort to designing new symbols. This article recommends the judicious use of diacritical marks for the phonetic components of modern languages.","PeriodicalId":398879,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives-studies in Translatology","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117161981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1080/0907676X.1998.9961333
T. Puurtinen
Abstract In fictional dialogues tenor, or the level of formality and politeness, is an important means of creating authenticity, and portraying scenes, characters and their relationships. Static or unmarked use of tenor is on a level of formality and politeness considered appropriate to a given situation, whereas dynamic or marked tenor can be used to produce a special effect, such as humour or irony. The translation of tenor is determined by the linguistic means available in the target language, by target sociocultural, literary and translational norms, and by readers’ expectations, all of which may vary according to the type and status of the source text The article discusses the use of both static and dynamic tenor in fiction, and it illustrates their functions and various ways of translating them with examples from children's books.
{"title":"Tenor in literary translation","authors":"T. Puurtinen","doi":"10.1080/0907676X.1998.9961333","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0907676X.1998.9961333","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In fictional dialogues tenor, or the level of formality and politeness, is an important means of creating authenticity, and portraying scenes, characters and their relationships. Static or unmarked use of tenor is on a level of formality and politeness considered appropriate to a given situation, whereas dynamic or marked tenor can be used to produce a special effect, such as humour or irony. The translation of tenor is determined by the linguistic means available in the target language, by target sociocultural, literary and translational norms, and by readers’ expectations, all of which may vary according to the type and status of the source text The article discusses the use of both static and dynamic tenor in fiction, and it illustrates their functions and various ways of translating them with examples from children's books.","PeriodicalId":398879,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives-studies in Translatology","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115473815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1080/0907676X.1996.9961271
Xiong Yuezhi
Abstract The article discusses the important role of translation in the introduction of Western learning in China. The author distinguishes between four stages which are characterised by differences in approaches, developments in translation procedures, and a widening of the text types actually translated. The first period from 1811–1842 was characterised by translation of religious works, but had little impact beyond the coastal regions and was not viewed as anything but normal cultural interchange. The second stage from 1843–1860 was brought about by the Opium War. The War had established treaty towns which became centres of translational activity. Although religious writing continued to make up the largest part of the translated texts and also introduced the system of ‘Missionary speaks ‐ Chinese writes’, there was a fair sprinkling of scientific books which led to a trend towards the wish to understand Western learning among Chinese intellectuals. The third stage (1860–1900) was heralded, once again, ...
{"title":"An overview of the dissemination of western learning in late‐Qing China","authors":"Xiong Yuezhi","doi":"10.1080/0907676X.1996.9961271","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0907676X.1996.9961271","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The article discusses the important role of translation in the introduction of Western learning in China. The author distinguishes between four stages which are characterised by differences in approaches, developments in translation procedures, and a widening of the text types actually translated. The first period from 1811–1842 was characterised by translation of religious works, but had little impact beyond the coastal regions and was not viewed as anything but normal cultural interchange. The second stage from 1843–1860 was brought about by the Opium War. The War had established treaty towns which became centres of translational activity. Although religious writing continued to make up the largest part of the translated texts and also introduced the system of ‘Missionary speaks ‐ Chinese writes’, there was a fair sprinkling of scientific books which led to a trend towards the wish to understand Western learning among Chinese intellectuals. The third stage (1860–1900) was heralded, once again, ...","PeriodicalId":398879,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives-studies in Translatology","volume":"204 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127030381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1080/0907676X.1995.9961264
Z. Lengyel, J. Navracsics
Abstract The position of translation is ambiguous within human language capacity. We do not know enough to decide whether it is the fifth element (besides speaking, listening, writing and reading) of the capacity in question. If the answer is ‘yes’, it means for us that translation must have both nature and nurture elements. Our experiment attempts0 to shed light on these elements and their effect on the course of translating activity. Our experiment is of a psycholinguistic character and involved what is known as Miniature Artificial Language. The basis of a given Miniature Artificial Language is a manipulated fragment of a natural language (grammar, lexis, etc.). In our experiment, children were given a problem‐solving situation which reduced the linguistic and enhanced the ‘natural logic’ character of the task.
{"title":"What does translation mean to children","authors":"Z. Lengyel, J. Navracsics","doi":"10.1080/0907676X.1995.9961264","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0907676X.1995.9961264","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The position of translation is ambiguous within human language capacity. We do not know enough to decide whether it is the fifth element (besides speaking, listening, writing and reading) of the capacity in question. If the answer is ‘yes’, it means for us that translation must have both nature and nurture elements. Our experiment attempts0 to shed light on these elements and their effect on the course of translating activity. Our experiment is of a psycholinguistic character and involved what is known as Miniature Artificial Language. The basis of a given Miniature Artificial Language is a manipulated fragment of a natural language (grammar, lexis, etc.). In our experiment, children were given a problem‐solving situation which reduced the linguistic and enhanced the ‘natural logic’ character of the task.","PeriodicalId":398879,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives-studies in Translatology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125813437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1080/0907676X.1993.9961203
Etilvia Arjona-Tseng
Abstract The article describes the development of numerous tests for the selection of translation and interpreting students at Fu Jen Catholic University in Taiwan. The moot point was that ‐ in accordance with Chinese educational traditions, students must be sure of passing the final examination, once they had been accepted for graduate studies. The procedures were highly successful in meeting this goal. The article finishes with a discussion of the usefulness of a rigid entrance examination allowing for a nearly one hundred per cent guarantee that students eventually graduate as interpreters as opposed to traditional selection methods where student attrition is much higher.
{"title":"A Psychometric Approach to the Selection of Translation and Interpreting Students in Taiwan.","authors":"Etilvia Arjona-Tseng","doi":"10.1080/0907676X.1993.9961203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0907676X.1993.9961203","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The article describes the development of numerous tests for the selection of translation and interpreting students at Fu Jen Catholic University in Taiwan. The moot point was that ‐ in accordance with Chinese educational traditions, students must be sure of passing the final examination, once they had been accepted for graduate studies. The procedures were highly successful in meeting this goal. The article finishes with a discussion of the usefulness of a rigid entrance examination allowing for a nearly one hundred per cent guarantee that students eventually graduate as interpreters as opposed to traditional selection methods where student attrition is much higher.","PeriodicalId":398879,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives-studies in Translatology","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127270883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1080/0907676X.1998.9961322
Mariona Sabaté-Carrové, C. Chesñevar
Abstract False friends constitute a source of error for learners of a language and for translators. However, false friends are constantly created either as loan words or as words which share a common derivation. This article investigates the phenomenon of false friends from a positive perspective in order to establish a classification towards a descriptive study of computer‐related translations of English into Spanish. Our immediate aim is to show to what an extent false friends is a widespread phenomenon when a word is borrowed from another language, or when two culturally and historically‐related languages such as English and Spanish interact. Therefore our main task is to make the most of the semantic and pragmatic information provided by false friends and analyse actual ocurrences of false friends in computer magazines as well as in Computer Science textbooks. As a result, different categories of false friends could be established (we illustrate each of them with several examples). In the course of th...
{"title":"False friends in english‐Spanish translations in computer science literature","authors":"Mariona Sabaté-Carrové, C. Chesñevar","doi":"10.1080/0907676X.1998.9961322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0907676X.1998.9961322","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract False friends constitute a source of error for learners of a language and for translators. However, false friends are constantly created either as loan words or as words which share a common derivation. This article investigates the phenomenon of false friends from a positive perspective in order to establish a classification towards a descriptive study of computer‐related translations of English into Spanish. Our immediate aim is to show to what an extent false friends is a widespread phenomenon when a word is borrowed from another language, or when two culturally and historically‐related languages such as English and Spanish interact. Therefore our main task is to make the most of the semantic and pragmatic information provided by false friends and analyse actual ocurrences of false friends in computer magazines as well as in Computer Science textbooks. As a result, different categories of false friends could be established (we illustrate each of them with several examples). In the course of th...","PeriodicalId":398879,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives-studies in Translatology","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124915209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1080/0907676X.1997.9961314
Edoardo Crisafulli
Abstract This article discusses the notion of equivalence from a descriptive and target‐oriented perspective. The first part of the article deals with this notion from a theoretical point of view and argues that equivalence has a heuristic value in Translation Studies provided one does not adopt a prescriptive and source‐oriented perspective. In order to prove this assertion, the analysis focuses on specimens of taboo and informal language in Dante's Inferno in the translation by Henry Francis Cary, who expurgates such language items in his Vision (1844). In order to shed light on this topic, the author of this article describes Cary's deviations from formal equivalence and does not condemn them a priori However, a posteriori they are explained in terms of the norms affecting translation in the rewriter's historic context (the expurgation of coarse language was a common strategy among translators in Cary's time) and in terms of the constraints of the metre adopted, namely blank verse, which could not acco...
{"title":"Taboo language in translation","authors":"Edoardo Crisafulli","doi":"10.1080/0907676X.1997.9961314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0907676X.1997.9961314","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article discusses the notion of equivalence from a descriptive and target‐oriented perspective. The first part of the article deals with this notion from a theoretical point of view and argues that equivalence has a heuristic value in Translation Studies provided one does not adopt a prescriptive and source‐oriented perspective. In order to prove this assertion, the analysis focuses on specimens of taboo and informal language in Dante's Inferno in the translation by Henry Francis Cary, who expurgates such language items in his Vision (1844). In order to shed light on this topic, the author of this article describes Cary's deviations from formal equivalence and does not condemn them a priori However, a posteriori they are explained in terms of the norms affecting translation in the rewriter's historic context (the expurgation of coarse language was a common strategy among translators in Cary's time) and in terms of the constraints of the metre adopted, namely blank verse, which could not acco...","PeriodicalId":398879,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives-studies in Translatology","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124990331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1080/0907676X.1995.9961254
Cay Dollerup
{"title":"Note: The emergence of (semi)professional interpreting: The Napoleonic wars","authors":"Cay Dollerup","doi":"10.1080/0907676X.1995.9961254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0907676X.1995.9961254","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":398879,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives-studies in Translatology","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131479972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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