M. H. Hanafi, N. Abd Rahman, Nurul Natahsa Mobin, Tuan Salwani Tuan Ismail, N. Kassim
Introduction: Dental caries and impaired salivary function are very common but undertreated. The aim of this study was to investigate the oral health status and salivary parameters of stroke patients. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out on 54 stroke and 54 non-stroke patients attending rehabilitation treatment at Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia. Decay, Missing and Filled Teeth (DMFT) index and plaque scores were used to evaluate patients’ oral health. Salivary parameters such as salivary cortisol, salivary flow rate, pH and buffering capacity were measured. Salivary cortisol was analysed using Cobas E6000 automated immunoassay. Results: Among the 54 stroke patients, the majority were Malays 72.2% and 63.0% were male, with a mean age of 48.1 (14) years. There was a significant difference of dental caries between stroke patients, at 17.6 (4.26), compared to 15.7 (5.38) for non-stroke patients (p=0.042). Only 53.7% of stroke patients had good oral hygiene, compared to, 85.2% among non-stroke patients’ (p-value= 0.001). Salivary parameters showed no significant differences (p>0.05). However salivary cortisol levels were higher in stroke patients 5.2(5.1) nmol/L) than in non-stroke patients 4.0 (3.6) nmol/L). There was no significant correlation between salivary parameters and DMFT index (P>0.05). Conclusion: Stroke patients had more dental caries and poor oral hygiene compared to non-stroke patients. Salivary parameters showed no significant difference between stroke and non-stroke patients.
{"title":"Oral Health Status and Salivary Parameters in Stroke Patients at a Tertiary Hospital","authors":"M. H. Hanafi, N. Abd Rahman, Nurul Natahsa Mobin, Tuan Salwani Tuan Ismail, N. Kassim","doi":"10.47836/mjmhs.19.3.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47836/mjmhs.19.3.23","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Dental caries and impaired salivary function are very common but undertreated. The aim of this study was to investigate the oral health status and salivary parameters of stroke patients. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out on 54 stroke and 54 non-stroke patients attending rehabilitation treatment at Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia. Decay, Missing and Filled Teeth (DMFT) index and plaque scores were used to evaluate patients’ oral health. Salivary parameters such as salivary cortisol, salivary flow rate, pH and buffering capacity were measured. Salivary cortisol was analysed using Cobas E6000 automated immunoassay. Results: Among the 54 stroke patients, the majority were Malays 72.2% and 63.0% were male, with a mean age of 48.1 (14) years. There was a significant difference of dental caries between stroke patients, at 17.6 (4.26), compared to 15.7 (5.38) for non-stroke patients (p=0.042). Only 53.7% of stroke patients had good oral hygiene, compared to, 85.2% among non-stroke patients’ (p-value= 0.001). Salivary parameters showed no significant differences (p>0.05). However salivary cortisol levels were higher in stroke patients 5.2(5.1) nmol/L) than in non-stroke patients 4.0 (3.6) nmol/L). There was no significant correlation between salivary parameters and DMFT index (P>0.05). Conclusion: Stroke patients had more dental caries and poor oral hygiene compared to non-stroke patients. Salivary parameters showed no significant difference between stroke and non-stroke patients.","PeriodicalId":40029,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46576988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Abdul Hadi, Nurul Akmal Abd Latip, E. Mohammad Aidid
Introduction: Excessive screen time among young children is associated with screen dependency. At this moment, there is a lack of data on screen dependency among young children in Malaysia. This study aimed to measure the prevalence of screen dependency and its associated factors among preschool children in Kuala Lumpur. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out at registered preschools in Kuala Lumpur. 300 parents of preschool children aged 4 to 6 years old who fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria were recruited via simple random sampling. The Screen Dependency Scale (SDS) were used to assess their dependency to screen media. Univariate and multivariate statistics were analysed using IBM SPSS version 27. Results: The prevalence of screen dependency among preschool children in Kuala Lumpur was 65.7%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified that using the screen to resolve children’s quarrels (aOR 2.855, 95% CI 1.187 - 6.868), children who use smartphones (aOR 2.735, 95% CI: 1.244 - 6.013), children’s screen time exceeds 2 hours over the weekend (aOR 2.261, 95% CI: 1.058 - 4.830) and having a television in the bedroom (aOR 5.562, 95% CI: 1.591 - 19.442) were predictors for screen dependency. While active co-use mediation (aOR 0.505, 95% CI: 0.302 - 0.845) were protective. Conclusion: The prevalence of screen dependency was high among preschool children in Kuala Lumpur. Active screening at health care clinics or in schools is essential to identify early children with risk factors for screen dependency.
{"title":"Screen Media Dependency and Its Associated Factors Among Preschool Children in Kuala Lumpur","authors":"A. Abdul Hadi, Nurul Akmal Abd Latip, E. Mohammad Aidid","doi":"10.47836/mjmhs.19.3.26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47836/mjmhs.19.3.26","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Excessive screen time among young children is associated with screen dependency. At this moment, there is a lack of data on screen dependency among young children in Malaysia. This study aimed to measure the prevalence of screen dependency and its associated factors among preschool children in Kuala Lumpur. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out at registered preschools in Kuala Lumpur. 300 parents of preschool children aged 4 to 6 years old who fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria were recruited via simple random sampling. The Screen Dependency Scale (SDS) were used to assess their dependency to screen media. Univariate and multivariate statistics were analysed using IBM SPSS version 27. Results: The prevalence of screen dependency among preschool children in Kuala Lumpur was 65.7%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified that using the screen to resolve children’s quarrels (aOR 2.855, 95% CI 1.187 - 6.868), children who use smartphones (aOR 2.735, 95% CI: 1.244 - 6.013), children’s screen time exceeds 2 hours over the weekend (aOR 2.261, 95% CI: 1.058 - 4.830) and having a television in the bedroom (aOR 5.562, 95% CI: 1.591 - 19.442) were predictors for screen dependency. While active co-use mediation (aOR 0.505, 95% CI: 0.302 - 0.845) were protective. Conclusion: The prevalence of screen dependency was high among preschool children in Kuala Lumpur. Active screening at health care clinics or in schools is essential to identify early children with risk factors for screen dependency.","PeriodicalId":40029,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44081963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nur Anis Fadzliyana Fauzi, M. R. Ab Hamid, Ruzita Abd Talib, F. Jailani, S. Buhari
Introduction: Increased consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) is strongly associated with weight gain, dental cavities, and a higher risk of chronic diseases among adolescents. However, there is no available FFQ for the Malaysian population individually to evaluate and assess the consumption of SSBs and high-energy dense (HED) foods among adolescents. Method: A 24-hour diet recall with 30 adolescents were performed via Google Meet to identify the most common and frequent types of SSBs and HEDs foods consumed nowadays. The food checklist of SSBs and HED foods from literature review search was also provided to the participants. Experts critically reviewed each food item and provide a score for its relevancy and essentiality. Face validity were conducted among 10 adolescents to validate the developed FFQ. Results: The final FFQ consisted of 63 food items with ten categories. This FFQ showed high content validity for individual items with I-CVI ranging from 0.67 to 1.00 and overall questionnaires with S-CVI/Ave valued at 0.97. The calculation of Kappa statistic showed that this newly developed FFQ has excellent inter-rater reliability at the item level with K > 0.74 for 55 items and K = 0.57 only for 4 items. Most of the items were marked as relevant with a CVR score of 1.00. Conclusion: The findings of this study imply that the newly developed FFQ could be utilised to estimate the intake of SSB and HED foods of Malaysian adolescents.
{"title":"Development and Validation of FFQ for Assessing Sugar-Sweetened Beverages (SSB) and High-Energy Dense Foods Intake among Malaysian Adolescents","authors":"Nur Anis Fadzliyana Fauzi, M. R. Ab Hamid, Ruzita Abd Talib, F. Jailani, S. Buhari","doi":"10.47836/mjmhs.19.3.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47836/mjmhs.19.3.8","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Increased consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) is strongly associated with weight gain, dental cavities, and a higher risk of chronic diseases among adolescents. However, there is no available FFQ for the Malaysian population individually to evaluate and assess the consumption of SSBs and high-energy dense (HED) foods among adolescents. Method: A 24-hour diet recall with 30 adolescents were performed via Google Meet to identify the most common and frequent types of SSBs and HEDs foods consumed nowadays. The food checklist of SSBs and HED foods from literature review search was also provided to the participants. Experts critically reviewed each food item and provide a score for its relevancy and essentiality. Face validity were conducted among 10 adolescents to validate the developed FFQ. Results: The final FFQ consisted of 63 food items with ten categories. This FFQ showed high content validity for individual items with I-CVI ranging from 0.67 to 1.00 and overall questionnaires with S-CVI/Ave valued at 0.97. The calculation of Kappa statistic showed that this newly developed FFQ has excellent inter-rater reliability at the item level with K > 0.74 for 55 items and K = 0.57 only for 4 items. Most of the items were marked as relevant with a CVR score of 1.00. Conclusion: The findings of this study imply that the newly developed FFQ could be utilised to estimate the intake of SSB and HED foods of Malaysian adolescents.","PeriodicalId":40029,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44009870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Anthony, Emmanuel Edje Kesiena, Oghenevovwero Otomewo Lily, Toyin Akinluyi Elizabeth, Nneda Olayinka Juliet, Chukwuka Uka Daniel
Introduction: Central nervous system (CNS) neuropathologies are the most common effects of insufficient sleep/prolonged wakefulness. This puts people who undergo sleep deprivation in the course of their daily lives at risk of certain affective disorders such as depression. Minocycline is an antibiotic that can penetrate the CNS, which puts it at the forefront of numerous neuropathologies. This research was therefore intended to investigate into the possible anti-depressant effect of minocycline in mice exposed to chronic sleep deprivation. Methods: Thirty (30) mice were grouped into five (n=6) and treated with either distilled water, minocycline or astaxanthin. Four out of the five groups were exposed to the sleep deprivation set-up. After a 7-day treatment, all groups were subjected to behavioural tests. Subsequently, biochemical assays and histology of selected brain regions were carried out. Experimental data were analysed using one-way analysis of variance and another post-hoc test. Results: Results obtained suggest that minocycline attenuated the alterations in mood behaviour caused by sleep deprivation with a concurrent reversal of sleep-deprivation induced oxidative stress in mice. Conclusion: In conclusion, minocycline could be considered a reliable intervention in further studies on depression in sleep deprivation models.
{"title":"Minocycline Attenuated Depressive-Like Phenotype in Sleep-Deprived Mice via its Antioxidant Effect","authors":"T. Anthony, Emmanuel Edje Kesiena, Oghenevovwero Otomewo Lily, Toyin Akinluyi Elizabeth, Nneda Olayinka Juliet, Chukwuka Uka Daniel","doi":"10.47836/mjmhs.19.3.38","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47836/mjmhs.19.3.38","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Central nervous system (CNS) neuropathologies are the most common effects of insufficient sleep/prolonged wakefulness. This puts people who undergo sleep deprivation in the course of their daily lives at risk of certain affective disorders such as depression. Minocycline is an antibiotic that can penetrate the CNS, which puts it at the forefront of numerous neuropathologies. This research was therefore intended to investigate into the possible anti-depressant effect of minocycline in mice exposed to chronic sleep deprivation. Methods: Thirty (30) mice were grouped into five (n=6) and treated with either distilled water, minocycline or astaxanthin. Four out of the five groups were exposed to the sleep deprivation set-up. After a 7-day treatment, all groups were subjected to behavioural tests. Subsequently, biochemical assays and histology of selected brain regions were carried out. Experimental data were analysed using one-way analysis of variance and another post-hoc test. Results: Results obtained suggest that minocycline attenuated the alterations in mood behaviour caused by sleep deprivation with a concurrent reversal of sleep-deprivation induced oxidative stress in mice. Conclusion: In conclusion, minocycline could be considered a reliable intervention in further studies on depression in sleep deprivation models.","PeriodicalId":40029,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41480578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shameer Khan Bin Sulaiman, Idayu Badilla Idris, R. Hod, N. Abdullah, R. Hod, Nadia Aqilla Shamsusah
Pregnant adolescents have been shown to have a higher incidence of health and non-health-related complications that affect both mothers and infants. These include increased risk of pregnancy-related diseases such as anemia and pre-eclampsia, preterm and low-birth-weight babies, as well as other social consequences such as educational and financial difficulties. This mini review evaluates selected articles which explain the attitudes, knowledge, behavior and other risk factors associated with pregnancy among adolescents in developing countries. It also revealed that inadequate knowledge among adolescents about reproductive and sexual health, other social, cultural and peer influences, parenting values, and poor financial and educational status were factors that contribute to adolescent pregnancy. Likewise, a lack of support from parents, educators and healthcare workers had negative impacts on healthy sexual behavior among adolescents, which may ultimately lead to adolescent pregnancy. We conclude that the factors discussed in this review need to be evaluated and taken into consideration by policymakers and healthcare workers when formulating strategies to prevent pregnancies among adolescents.
{"title":"A Mini-review on the Determinants and Risk Factors of Adolescent Pregnancy in Developing Countries","authors":"Shameer Khan Bin Sulaiman, Idayu Badilla Idris, R. Hod, N. Abdullah, R. Hod, Nadia Aqilla Shamsusah","doi":"10.47836/mjmhs.19.3.44","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47836/mjmhs.19.3.44","url":null,"abstract":"Pregnant adolescents have been shown to have a higher incidence of health and non-health-related complications that affect both mothers and infants. These include increased risk of pregnancy-related diseases such as anemia and pre-eclampsia, preterm and low-birth-weight babies, as well as other social consequences such as educational and financial difficulties. This mini review evaluates selected articles which explain the attitudes, knowledge, behavior and other risk factors associated with pregnancy among adolescents in developing countries. It also revealed that inadequate knowledge among adolescents about reproductive and sexual health, other social, cultural and peer influences, parenting values, and poor financial and educational status were factors that contribute to adolescent pregnancy. Likewise, a lack of support from parents, educators and healthcare workers had negative impacts on healthy sexual behavior among adolescents, which may ultimately lead to adolescent pregnancy. We conclude that the factors discussed in this review need to be evaluated and taken into consideration by policymakers and healthcare workers when formulating strategies to prevent pregnancies among adolescents.","PeriodicalId":40029,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48859572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Dry eye syndrome (DES) has become a public health concern, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. Medical students are at risk due to an increase in visual display terminal (VDT) exposure given the transition to full-time online lectures. The presence of reduced blink rate and tear film instability in VDT users causes an increase in tear evaporation leading to symptoms of DES. This study helps us to learn about the associated factors of VDT use and DES among the young generation. This study aims to determine the prevalence and associated factors of DES among medical students exposed to VDT at the health campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM). Methods: A cross-sectional study involving 140 undergraduate medical students aged 22 to 29 years old who were VDT users. Factors analysed are age, gender, race and duration of VDT usage. Data collection included both subjective assessment (OSDI questionnaire) and objective assessment (TBUT and Schirmer’s test). Statistical analysis was conducted using Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS Inc Version 24). Results were analysed using descriptive analysis and multivariate logistic regression. Results: Most of the medical student cohort was female and Malay. Most of the students use VDT for less than 8 hours. A high incidence of DES was noted among medical students (92.1%). None of the factors showed significant association with positive findings DES by subjective and objective assessment and duration of VDT usage. Conclusion: DES is common among VDT users. This study showed a high prevalence of DES among medical students in USM. The factors analysed did not show a significant association between DES and duration of VDT usage. This study may help to recognize the problem and will raise awareness of their daily practice and implement preventive measures to avoid VDT-related DES.
{"title":"Evaluation of Prevalence and Associated Factors of Dry Eye Syndrome among Medical Students Exposed to Visual Display Terminal in Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia","authors":"P. A. John, A. Hussein, Khairy Shamel Sonny Teo","doi":"10.47836/mjmhs18.5.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47836/mjmhs18.5.7","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Dry eye syndrome (DES) has become a public health concern, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. Medical students are at risk due to an increase in visual display terminal (VDT) exposure given the transition to full-time online lectures. The presence of reduced blink rate and tear film instability in VDT users causes an increase in tear evaporation leading to symptoms of DES. This study helps us to learn about the associated factors of VDT use and DES among the young generation. This study aims to determine the prevalence and associated factors of DES among medical students exposed to VDT at the health campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM). Methods: A cross-sectional study involving 140 undergraduate medical students aged 22 to 29 years old who were VDT users. Factors analysed are age, gender, race and duration of VDT usage. Data collection included both subjective assessment (OSDI questionnaire) and objective assessment (TBUT and Schirmer’s test). Statistical analysis was conducted using Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS Inc Version 24). Results were analysed using descriptive analysis and multivariate logistic regression. Results: Most of the medical student cohort was female and Malay. Most of the students use VDT for less than 8 hours. A high incidence of DES was noted among medical students (92.1%). None of the factors showed significant association with positive findings DES by subjective and objective assessment and duration of VDT usage. Conclusion: DES is common among VDT users. This study showed a high prevalence of DES among medical students in USM. The factors analysed did not show a significant association between DES and duration of VDT usage. This study may help to recognize the problem and will raise awareness of their daily practice and implement preventive measures to avoid VDT-related DES.","PeriodicalId":40029,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46340717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wan Norizzati Wan Mohamad Zamri, N. Mohd Yunus, Ahmad Aizat Abdul Aziz, Mohamad Ros Sidek, Noratifah Mohd. Adam, S. Sulong
Introduction: Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) is the most frequent adult leukaemia in the Western world. The clinical presentation varies greatly, from very indolent cases to those with aggressive and fast advancing disease. This variation has significant implications for clinical approaches, therapeutic tactics, and, ultimately, survival durations from diagnosis. Acquired chromosomal aberrations play a key role in CLL aetiology. Due to difficulty to obtain abnormal metaphases for analysis, few methods such as fluorescence in-situ hybridization (FISH) and multiplex ligation-dependent probe assay (MLPA) were employed to detect chromosomal aberration however the methods are limited to specific locus only. Thus, this study is aimed to detect the chromosomal aberrations using DNA microarray platform. Methods: In this retrospective study, DNA archive obtained from 7 CLL patients which collected at diagnosis and subjected to Affymetrix CytoScan® 750K single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array following the manufacture procedure. The raw data obtained were analysed using the Chromosome Analysis Suite (ChAS) software (Affymetrix) using annotations of genome version GRCh38 (hg38). Result: Out of 7 patients, 4 of them showing deletion of 13q while 3 of them showing deletion of 14q in various region . Some of the deleted loci were too small (0.42-0.6Mb) to be detected by conventional cytogenetic analysis (CCA). There was also the presence of additional chromosomal aberrations that could be missed by CCA, FISH, or MLPA due to cryptic deletion or duplication that was as small as 0.4MB in size. Conclusion: The present study showed that low resolution chromosomal aberration was able to be detected using DNA microarray platform in comparison to CCA, FISH and MLPA.
{"title":"Cytogenomic Profiling of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia Patients Using DNA Microarray","authors":"Wan Norizzati Wan Mohamad Zamri, N. Mohd Yunus, Ahmad Aizat Abdul Aziz, Mohamad Ros Sidek, Noratifah Mohd. Adam, S. Sulong","doi":"10.47836/mjmhs.19.3.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47836/mjmhs.19.3.21","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) is the most frequent adult leukaemia in the Western world. The clinical presentation varies greatly, from very indolent cases to those with aggressive and fast advancing disease. This variation has significant implications for clinical approaches, therapeutic tactics, and, ultimately, survival durations from diagnosis. Acquired chromosomal aberrations play a key role in CLL aetiology. Due to difficulty to obtain abnormal metaphases for analysis, few methods such as fluorescence in-situ hybridization (FISH) and multiplex ligation-dependent probe assay (MLPA) were employed to detect chromosomal aberration however the methods are limited to specific locus only. Thus, this study is aimed to detect the chromosomal aberrations using DNA microarray platform. Methods: In this retrospective study, DNA archive obtained from 7 CLL patients which collected at diagnosis and subjected to Affymetrix CytoScan® 750K single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array following the manufacture procedure. The raw data obtained were analysed using the Chromosome Analysis Suite (ChAS) software (Affymetrix) using annotations of genome version GRCh38 (hg38). Result: Out of 7 patients, 4 of them showing deletion of 13q while 3 of them showing deletion of 14q in various region . Some of the deleted loci were too small (0.42-0.6Mb) to be detected by conventional cytogenetic analysis (CCA). There was also the presence of additional chromosomal aberrations that could be missed by CCA, FISH, or MLPA due to cryptic deletion or duplication that was as small as 0.4MB in size. Conclusion: The present study showed that low resolution chromosomal aberration was able to be detected using DNA microarray platform in comparison to CCA, FISH and MLPA.","PeriodicalId":40029,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44167407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. F. Ab Ghaffar, G. Ahmad, M. Ibrahim, Nur Dalila Mat Yussof, Nur Hafizah Muhammad, R. Musa, Irma Izani Mohamad Isa
Introduction: Childhood anxiety is one of the common mental health problems in children. Untreated childhood anxiety will lead to a higher risk of developing mental health problems in adulthood. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between parental emotional styles and family values to anxiety level among primary school children. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in a selected primary school in Kelantan, Malaysia. A set of questionnaires consisted of the Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale–Parents’ Report (RCADS-P 25), the Parental Emotional Style Questionnaire (PESQ), and the Asian Family Characteristics Scale (AFCS) was used for assessing anxiety, parental emotional styles, and family values, respectively. Data were collected via an online survey using Google Form, and were analysed using Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) to determine the factors associated with childhood anxiety. The significance value was set at p < 0.05. Results: A total of 150 parents of primary school children from the selected school was involved in this study. The majority of respondents were females (82.0%), married (94.7%), hold a degree (66.7%), and were working in the government sector (60.0%). Most of the respondents’ child were twelve years old (20.7%) and males (62%). Based on the MLR, emotional dismissing parental style (p = 0.025) and family values (p = 0.016) were significantly associated with anxiety in these children. Conclusion: Emotional dismissing parental style and family values were significant predictors of anxiety in primary school children. Future intervention research on childhood anxiety is needed.
{"title":"Relationship between Parental Emotional Styles and Family Values to Anxiety Level among Primary School Children","authors":"S. F. Ab Ghaffar, G. Ahmad, M. Ibrahim, Nur Dalila Mat Yussof, Nur Hafizah Muhammad, R. Musa, Irma Izani Mohamad Isa","doi":"10.47836/mjmhs.19.3.39","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47836/mjmhs.19.3.39","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Childhood anxiety is one of the common mental health problems in children. Untreated childhood anxiety will lead to a higher risk of developing mental health problems in adulthood. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between parental emotional styles and family values to anxiety level among primary school children. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in a selected primary school in Kelantan, Malaysia. A set of questionnaires consisted of the Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale–Parents’ Report (RCADS-P 25), the Parental Emotional Style Questionnaire (PESQ), and the Asian Family Characteristics Scale (AFCS) was used for assessing anxiety, parental emotional styles, and family values, respectively. Data were collected via an online survey using Google Form, and were analysed using Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) to determine the factors associated with childhood anxiety. The significance value was set at p < 0.05. Results: A total of 150 parents of primary school children from the selected school was involved in this study. The majority of respondents were females (82.0%), married (94.7%), hold a degree (66.7%), and were working in the government sector (60.0%). Most of the respondents’ child were twelve years old (20.7%) and males (62%). Based on the MLR, emotional dismissing parental style (p = 0.025) and family values (p = 0.016) were significantly associated with anxiety in these children. Conclusion: Emotional dismissing parental style and family values were significant predictors of anxiety in primary school children. Future intervention research on childhood anxiety is needed.","PeriodicalId":40029,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45050332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nur Deana Syafiqah Abdullah, M. R. Mahadi, M. R. Baharudin
Introduction: Globally, commuting accident risks are always neglected in an organisation. There is a need to assess the impact of commuting accidents based on sociodemographic, human, vehicle, road, and environmental factors and to find suitable and effective mitigation strategies to alleviate the associated undesirable outcomes. Methods: This research was designed to develop a mobile application to assess commuting accident risk levels using artificial intelligence principles, as we are now in the 21st-century technology era. A total of 216 respondents from private and government industries participated in this study. Besides, to prove the developed application’s effectiveness, the study evaluated the effectiveness of the identified risk factor in determining the level of commuting risks predicted by respondents with the risk level calculated by the mobile application. Results: A major contribution of this paper is the effectiveness and accuracy of a mobile application known as CommuRisk. The app was developed using Android Studio and natively uses Java. There was a significant difference between with and without mobile applications in determining the level of commuting risks, and the effectiveness was proven with a (p-value = 0.001) at a 95% confidence interval with large sample size. Conclusion: Thus, this paper proved the effectiveness and accuracy of a mobile application in calculating risk levels exposed by commuters compared to risk levels predicted by commuters.
{"title":"Development of Mobile Application in Assessing Commuting Accident Risk (CommuRisk) Amongst Commuters at Klang Valley","authors":"Nur Deana Syafiqah Abdullah, M. R. Mahadi, M. R. Baharudin","doi":"10.47836/mjmhs.19.3.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47836/mjmhs.19.3.14","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Globally, commuting accident risks are always neglected in an organisation. There is a need to assess the impact of commuting accidents based on sociodemographic, human, vehicle, road, and environmental factors and to find suitable and effective mitigation strategies to alleviate the associated undesirable outcomes. Methods: This research was designed to develop a mobile application to assess commuting accident risk levels using artificial intelligence principles, as we are now in the 21st-century technology era. A total of 216 respondents from private and government industries participated in this study. Besides, to prove the developed application’s effectiveness, the study evaluated the effectiveness of the identified risk factor in determining the level of commuting risks predicted by respondents with the risk level calculated by the mobile application. Results: A major contribution of this paper is the effectiveness and accuracy of a mobile application known as CommuRisk. The app was developed using Android Studio and natively uses Java. There was a significant difference between with and without mobile applications in determining the level of commuting risks, and the effectiveness was proven with a (p-value = 0.001) at a 95% confidence interval with large sample size. Conclusion: Thus, this paper proved the effectiveness and accuracy of a mobile application in calculating risk levels exposed by commuters compared to risk levels predicted by commuters.","PeriodicalId":40029,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45452215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yahya W. Najjar, Zeinab M. Hassan, Yara. F. Almadani
Introduction: Hand Hygiene is an essential method to preclude infections in all healthcare environments. Education is essential to advance hand hygiene performance amongst nurses and nursing students. The aim is to find out the usefulness of a self-paced online hand hygiene course on the knowledge, attitude and practice of nursing students by evaluating student performance in post-tests. Methods: The study employed a quasi-experimental design in which data were collected using two questionnaires from undergraduate nursing students and they were exposed to interactive lectures and online activities related to risks, benefits, and key recommendations for hand hygiene. The following two surveys were used, Hand Hygiene Knowledge Questionnaire for Health-Care Workers; and Handwashing Assessment Inventory. Data were collected through pre-post tests. Results: Nurses reported a significant change for the better in hand hygiene comprehension, attitude, and performance of hand hygiene behaviours. The present study revealed a significant increase in hand hygiene knowledge belief, attitude, and outcomes among university students after participating in the training intervention. The majority of participants in the pretest rated their knowledge level as poor. Conclusion: Interactive training and online learning courses on hand hygiene could be used to influence the beliefs, attitudes and behaviours of students to bring about the desired change in hand hygiene practice.
{"title":"The Era of Coronavirus: Assess the Impact of Distance Learning Course on the Levels of Hand Hygiene Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Students in Low Resources Country","authors":"Yahya W. Najjar, Zeinab M. Hassan, Yara. F. Almadani","doi":"10.47836/mjmhs.19.3.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47836/mjmhs.19.3.16","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Hand Hygiene is an essential method to preclude infections in all healthcare environments. Education is essential to advance hand hygiene performance amongst nurses and nursing students. The aim is to find out the usefulness of a self-paced online hand hygiene course on the knowledge, attitude and practice of nursing students by evaluating student performance in post-tests. Methods: The study employed a quasi-experimental design in which data were collected using two questionnaires from undergraduate nursing students and they were exposed to interactive lectures and online activities related to risks, benefits, and key recommendations for hand hygiene. The following two surveys were used, Hand Hygiene Knowledge Questionnaire for Health-Care Workers; and Handwashing Assessment Inventory. Data were collected through pre-post tests. Results: Nurses reported a significant change for the better in hand hygiene comprehension, attitude, and performance of hand hygiene behaviours. The present study revealed a significant increase in hand hygiene knowledge belief, attitude, and outcomes among university students after participating in the training intervention. The majority of participants in the pretest rated their knowledge level as poor. Conclusion: Interactive training and online learning courses on hand hygiene could be used to influence the beliefs, attitudes and behaviours of students to bring about the desired change in hand hygiene practice.","PeriodicalId":40029,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135140356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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