Zhuo Wang, Changwen Jing, H. Cao, Jianzhong Wu, Rong Ma
A large number of novel, rare, and uncharacterized mutations in Tumors including thyroid cancer (TC) have been discovered. In this study, we reported two GNAS mutations in Chinese TC patients, and assessed the functional impact.
{"title":"Rare and novel GNAS gene mutations in Chinese patients with thyroid cancer","authors":"Zhuo Wang, Changwen Jing, H. Cao, Jianzhong Wu, Rong Ma","doi":"10.1002/prm2.12039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/prm2.12039","url":null,"abstract":"A large number of novel, rare, and uncharacterized mutations in Tumors including thyroid cancer (TC) have been discovered. In this study, we reported two GNAS mutations in Chinese TC patients, and assessed the functional impact.","PeriodicalId":40071,"journal":{"name":"Precision Medical Sciences","volume":"10 1","pages":"83 - 85"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/prm2.12039","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43346877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To offer a pilot view on the application of cfDNA in diagnosing early gastric cancer in patient with situs inversus totalis (SIT), accompanied by a literature review. Within this study, we assessed the feasibility of diagnosing early gastric cancer in a SIT patient by detecting cfDNA concentration and mutations. Meanwhile, a search through PubMed using key words of “situs inversus totalis and gastric cancer” covering English studies from 2008 to 2019 was carried out to provide an associated literature review. Of all the 24 publications we reviewed, 25 patients were diagnosed with SIT and GC. The majority of them (23/25) were from the eastern Asia area. More than 40% (11/25) of the patients were diagnosed at advanced tumor stages. In the case of an early staged GC in our center, when both radiographic and endoscopic exams failed to establish an accurate diagnose, we found that not only the concentration of cfDNA was above normal, the frequent genetic mutations for GC were also detected within preoperative cfDNA. The concomitance of SIT and GC is still a rare incident, only limited cases have been reported and were often diagnosed in late cancer stages. By measuring the concentration and mutations of cfDNA, early GC may be detected in SIT patients.
对cfDNA在全倒位(SIT)早期胃癌诊断中的应用进行初步探讨，并结合文献复习。在这项研究中，我们评估了通过检测cfDNA浓度和突变来诊断SIT患者早期胃癌的可行性。同时，通过PubMed检索2008 - 2019年英语研究的“total逆位与胃癌”(situs inversus total and gastric cancer)关键词，进行相关文献综述。在我们回顾的所有24篇文献中，有25例患者被诊断为SIT和GC。其中大多数(23/25)来自东亚地区。超过40%(11/25)的患者被诊断为肿瘤晚期。在我们中心的早期胃癌病例中，当x线和内镜检查都无法建立准确的诊断时，我们发现不仅cfDNA浓度高于正常水平，而且在术前cfDNA中也检测到频繁的GC基因突变。SIT和GC的合并仍然是一种罕见的事件，只有有限的病例被报道，并且通常在癌症晚期被诊断出来。通过检测cfDNA的浓度和突变，可以在SIT患者中检测到早期GC。
{"title":"Utilizing circulating free DNA in diagnosing early gastric cancer in a patient with situs inversus totalis: A case report and literature review","authors":"W. Jian, Chen Huanqiu, Yuelian Chao","doi":"10.1002/prm2.12037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/prm2.12037","url":null,"abstract":"To offer a pilot view on the application of cfDNA in diagnosing early gastric cancer in patient with situs inversus totalis (SIT), accompanied by a literature review. Within this study, we assessed the feasibility of diagnosing early gastric cancer in a SIT patient by detecting cfDNA concentration and mutations. Meanwhile, a search through PubMed using key words of “situs inversus totalis and gastric cancer” covering English studies from 2008 to 2019 was carried out to provide an associated literature review. Of all the 24 publications we reviewed, 25 patients were diagnosed with SIT and GC. The majority of them (23/25) were from the eastern Asia area. More than 40% (11/25) of the patients were diagnosed at advanced tumor stages. In the case of an early staged GC in our center, when both radiographic and endoscopic exams failed to establish an accurate diagnose, we found that not only the concentration of cfDNA was above normal, the frequent genetic mutations for GC were also detected within preoperative cfDNA. The concomitance of SIT and GC is still a rare incident, only limited cases have been reported and were often diagnosed in late cancer stages. By measuring the concentration and mutations of cfDNA, early GC may be detected in SIT patients.","PeriodicalId":40071,"journal":{"name":"Precision Medical Sciences","volume":"10 1","pages":"90 - 95"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/prm2.12037","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46499482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Azar, M. Salama, Saravanabau Chidambaram, Buthaina Al-Balushi, M. Essa, M. Qoronfleh
Alzheimer disease (AD) is a chronic neurodegenerative condition that affects an individual's cognitive function over an extended period. Treatment and prevention for AD have long been sought after; however, no strategy has yet been successful, as individuals with cognitive impairment usually present to the clinic when they have reached an advanced stage of the disease. The disease is progressive and multifactorial in its pathogenesis. Precision medicine (PM) is the new era of medicine comprising a holistic approach in dealing with diseases. With scientific innovations, PM has improved our disease knowledge, altered diagnoses and therapy approaches resulting in a more precise, predictive, preventative and personalized patient care. PM in AD focuses, among other things, on stratifying individuals according to their risk factors of developing the disease and applying preventative strategies and personalized treatment approaches for a better outcome. In this mini‐review, we have focused on a few modifiable and non‐modifiable risk factors and presented recommendations for future consideration to implement.
{"title":"Precision health in Alzheimer disease: Risk assessment‐based strategies","authors":"J. Azar, M. Salama, Saravanabau Chidambaram, Buthaina Al-Balushi, M. Essa, M. Qoronfleh","doi":"10.1002/prm2.12036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/prm2.12036","url":null,"abstract":"Alzheimer disease (AD) is a chronic neurodegenerative condition that affects an individual's cognitive function over an extended period. Treatment and prevention for AD have long been sought after; however, no strategy has yet been successful, as individuals with cognitive impairment usually present to the clinic when they have reached an advanced stage of the disease. The disease is progressive and multifactorial in its pathogenesis. Precision medicine (PM) is the new era of medicine comprising a holistic approach in dealing with diseases. With scientific innovations, PM has improved our disease knowledge, altered diagnoses and therapy approaches resulting in a more precise, predictive, preventative and personalized patient care. PM in AD focuses, among other things, on stratifying individuals according to their risk factors of developing the disease and applying preventative strategies and personalized treatment approaches for a better outcome. In this mini‐review, we have focused on a few modifiable and non‐modifiable risk factors and presented recommendations for future consideration to implement.","PeriodicalId":40071,"journal":{"name":"Precision Medical Sciences","volume":"10 1","pages":"54 - 70"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/prm2.12036","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45575907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Gu, Liyong Xu, Aifeng Meng, Ruchun Shi, D. Jiang, Chunli Liu, Jing Mao
Intracavitary electrocardiogram (ECG) is a reliable and safe method for real‐time, confirming the tip of central venous access devices. Saline and guidewire are the most commonly used as an intracavitary electrode for introducing ECGs. However, little information about the ECG technique using for the catheter tip of arm port. We aimed to explore the effects of guidewire‐guided ECG approach for locating the catheter tip of the upper arm port in breast cancer patients. We performed a prospective single‐center study, 36 patients with breast cancer were enrolled. Thirty‐six upper arm ports were implanted using a guidewire guided ECG approach, to evaluate the accuracy of the catheter tip position, the operation time, and the stability of the ECG waveform. The ECG‐based tip location was compared with post‐procedural tip location by chest X‐ray. We found that all the upper arm ports implantation were successful in this study. The tip was located at the lower 1/3 superior vena cava or cava‐atrial junction in 35 cases and the upper right atrium in one case. The average operation time of the ECG was 269.25 ± 52.79 second, (range: 190‐345 seconds). The correct rate of the catheter tip position was 97.22%. All the ECG waveform was stable and easy to read. In conclusion, the guidewire‐guided ECG technique is valid and accurate for locating the upper arm port catheter tip; it is also convenient.
{"title":"Guidewire‐guided electrocardiogram for positioning the catheter tip of upper arm port in breast cancer patients","authors":"L. Gu, Liyong Xu, Aifeng Meng, Ruchun Shi, D. Jiang, Chunli Liu, Jing Mao","doi":"10.1002/prm2.12029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/prm2.12029","url":null,"abstract":"Intracavitary electrocardiogram (ECG) is a reliable and safe method for real‐time, confirming the tip of central venous access devices. Saline and guidewire are the most commonly used as an intracavitary electrode for introducing ECGs. However, little information about the ECG technique using for the catheter tip of arm port. We aimed to explore the effects of guidewire‐guided ECG approach for locating the catheter tip of the upper arm port in breast cancer patients. We performed a prospective single‐center study, 36 patients with breast cancer were enrolled. Thirty‐six upper arm ports were implanted using a guidewire guided ECG approach, to evaluate the accuracy of the catheter tip position, the operation time, and the stability of the ECG waveform. The ECG‐based tip location was compared with post‐procedural tip location by chest X‐ray. We found that all the upper arm ports implantation were successful in this study. The tip was located at the lower 1/3 superior vena cava or cava‐atrial junction in 35 cases and the upper right atrium in one case. The average operation time of the ECG was 269.25 ± 52.79 second, (range: 190‐345 seconds). The correct rate of the catheter tip position was 97.22%. All the ECG waveform was stable and easy to read. In conclusion, the guidewire‐guided ECG technique is valid and accurate for locating the upper arm port catheter tip; it is also convenient.","PeriodicalId":40071,"journal":{"name":"Precision Medical Sciences","volume":"10 1","pages":"15 - 20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/prm2.12029","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42320158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Min Ji, Yue Shi, Renrui Zou, Yingying Jiang, Li Wang, Rong Ma, Xiuming Zhang, Xiang-zhi Zhu, Cheng Chen, M. Shi, Xiaohua Wang, Jifeng Feng
To report the treatment of a long‐term survival case of stage IV lung squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) patient with multiorgan metastases, including intrapulmonary, brain, liver, bone, and multiple lymph nodes.
{"title":"Prolonged survival in advanced squamous cell lung carcinoma by rational and standardized treatment: A case report of long‐term survival in a patient with NSCLC","authors":"Min Ji, Yue Shi, Renrui Zou, Yingying Jiang, Li Wang, Rong Ma, Xiuming Zhang, Xiang-zhi Zhu, Cheng Chen, M. Shi, Xiaohua Wang, Jifeng Feng","doi":"10.1002/prm2.12035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/prm2.12035","url":null,"abstract":"To report the treatment of a long‐term survival case of stage IV lung squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) patient with multiorgan metastases, including intrapulmonary, brain, liver, bone, and multiple lymph nodes.","PeriodicalId":40071,"journal":{"name":"Precision Medical Sciences","volume":"10 1","pages":"33 - 41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/prm2.12035","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42264992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Congenital duodenal obstruction is the most common congenital abnormalities in newborn. Almost 50% of all cases of congential abnormalities is duodenal obstruction. Several conditions of congenital obstruction can worsen a patient's prognosis, such as prematurity, low birth weight (LBW), other congenital abnormalities, type of obstruction, and the type of surgery performed.
{"title":"Prognostic factors for mortality in patients with congenital duodenal obstruction at DR. Moewardi Hospital Surakarta","authors":"Estiarla, N. Agustriani","doi":"10.1002/prm2.12034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/prm2.12034","url":null,"abstract":"Congenital duodenal obstruction is the most common congenital abnormalities in newborn. Almost 50% of all cases of congential abnormalities is duodenal obstruction. Several conditions of congenital obstruction can worsen a patient's prognosis, such as prematurity, low birth weight (LBW), other congenital abnormalities, type of obstruction, and the type of surgery performed.","PeriodicalId":40071,"journal":{"name":"Precision Medical Sciences","volume":"10 1","pages":"26 - 32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/prm2.12034","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42953198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To explore the role and possible regulatory mechanisms of ATP5B in colorectal cancer.
探讨ATP5B在结直肠癌中的作用及可能的调控机制。
{"title":"Role of ATP5B in colorectal cancer","authors":"Yue Zhu, Wei Wei, Yuan-Mao Zhang, Jianzhong Wu, Rong Ma, Jifeng Feng","doi":"10.1002/prm2.12030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/prm2.12030","url":null,"abstract":"To explore the role and possible regulatory mechanisms of ATP5B in colorectal cancer.","PeriodicalId":40071,"journal":{"name":"Precision Medical Sciences","volume":"174 1","pages":"21 - 25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/prm2.12030","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"51249143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most prevalent cancers worldwide. Unfortunately, many patients are diagnosed at a late stage with a delay in the optimal timing for tumor resection. Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) is currently considered the standard of care for patients with unresectable HCC Barcelona system class B classification. However, the treatment response of HCC patients to TACE varies widely, and there is no reliable marker for predicting a patient's response to TACE. Thus, the identification of patients who are sensitive or resistant to TACE is important for individualized therapy. Recently, our understanding of cancer cell biology has progressed enormously. Much of this progress has been driven by technological advances enabling previously unachievable studies to be performed and yield a constantly evolving picture of the regulatory role of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) in tumor biology. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of ncRNA molecules that regulate nearly one‐third of all protein‐coding RNAs. The existing literature indicates that the deregulation of miRNAs can contribute to tumorigenesis and metastasis in multiple cancers, including HCC, via the control of cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, or metastasis. Analysis and evaluation of this type of regulatory RNA could shed new light on the behavior of many cancers and provide new diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers as well as pharmacological targets for novel treatment strategies. To this end, this review highlights the expression and functional roles of miRNAs in TACE‐treated HCC and explores the potential applications of miRNAs as diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets.
{"title":"MicroRNA signatures as predictive biomarkers in transarterial chemoembolization‐treated hepatocellular carcinoma","authors":"M. Fawzy, E. Toraih","doi":"10.1002/prm2.12031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/prm2.12031","url":null,"abstract":"Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most prevalent cancers worldwide. Unfortunately, many patients are diagnosed at a late stage with a delay in the optimal timing for tumor resection. Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) is currently considered the standard of care for patients with unresectable HCC Barcelona system class B classification. However, the treatment response of HCC patients to TACE varies widely, and there is no reliable marker for predicting a patient's response to TACE. Thus, the identification of patients who are sensitive or resistant to TACE is important for individualized therapy. Recently, our understanding of cancer cell biology has progressed enormously. Much of this progress has been driven by technological advances enabling previously unachievable studies to be performed and yield a constantly evolving picture of the regulatory role of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) in tumor biology. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of ncRNA molecules that regulate nearly one‐third of all protein‐coding RNAs. The existing literature indicates that the deregulation of miRNAs can contribute to tumorigenesis and metastasis in multiple cancers, including HCC, via the control of cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, or metastasis. Analysis and evaluation of this type of regulatory RNA could shed new light on the behavior of many cancers and provide new diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers as well as pharmacological targets for novel treatment strategies. To this end, this review highlights the expression and functional roles of miRNAs in TACE‐treated HCC and explores the potential applications of miRNAs as diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets.","PeriodicalId":40071,"journal":{"name":"Precision Medical Sciences","volume":"10 1","pages":"14 - 4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/prm2.12031","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"51249154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present investigation aimed to utilize chitosan‐neem gum polysaccharide (Ch‐NGP) polyelectrolyte complex for the fabrication of hexagonal and pentagonal nanoparticles using antisolvent precipitation method. Fabricated nanoparticles were found in the range of 63.1 to 447.2 nm with the entrapment efficiency of 76.80 ± 1.28 to 89.82 ± 2.32%. A nonlinear correlation between the independent variable and response was observed after the regression coefficient based linearity analysis. Drug release was carried out using the egg membrane and tomato membrane as a biological barrier. All the formulations show peculiar release pattern viz. initial immediate release, followed by sustained release and final burst release of the drug. Similarity factor analysis easily showed a significant difference in drug release patterns when the egg membrane and tomato membrane were utilized as biological barriers (S˂50). Anticancerous effect against breast cancer cells line (MCF‐7) shows better control over cell growth when etoricoxib loaded nanoparticles were used in place of pure etoricoxib. Particle size growth analysis elicits that significantly no “Ostwald ripening” was observed after 45 days. It can be concluded from the findings of the experiments that Ch‐NGP polyelectrolyte functionalized hexagonal and pentagonal nanoparticles can be utilized for passive targeting of tumor cells due to its unique properties.
{"title":"Green approach for fabrication of chitosan‐neem gum polyelectrolyte stabilized penta and hexagonal nanoparticles and in‐vitro cytotoxic potential toward breast cancer (MCF‐7) cells","authors":"R. Malviya","doi":"10.1002/prm2.12025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/prm2.12025","url":null,"abstract":"The present investigation aimed to utilize chitosan‐neem gum polysaccharide (Ch‐NGP) polyelectrolyte complex for the fabrication of hexagonal and pentagonal nanoparticles using antisolvent precipitation method. Fabricated nanoparticles were found in the range of 63.1 to 447.2 nm with the entrapment efficiency of 76.80 ± 1.28 to 89.82 ± 2.32%. A nonlinear correlation between the independent variable and response was observed after the regression coefficient based linearity analysis. Drug release was carried out using the egg membrane and tomato membrane as a biological barrier. All the formulations show peculiar release pattern viz. initial immediate release, followed by sustained release and final burst release of the drug. Similarity factor analysis easily showed a significant difference in drug release patterns when the egg membrane and tomato membrane were utilized as biological barriers (S˂50). Anticancerous effect against breast cancer cells line (MCF‐7) shows better control over cell growth when etoricoxib loaded nanoparticles were used in place of pure etoricoxib. Particle size growth analysis elicits that significantly no “Ostwald ripening” was observed after 45 days. It can be concluded from the findings of the experiments that Ch‐NGP polyelectrolyte functionalized hexagonal and pentagonal nanoparticles can be utilized for passive targeting of tumor cells due to its unique properties.","PeriodicalId":40071,"journal":{"name":"Precision Medical Sciences","volume":"9 1","pages":"68 - 82"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/prm2.12025","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44531562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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