The subject of the paper is the role of fair value, as one of the accounting measurement attributes (measurement basis) of assets and liabilities in the statement of financial position, in the conditions of crisis, based on the experience with global financial crisis which appeared in 2008 in the US financial sector, and later spilled over into the real sector of that country, as well as, to a greater or lesser extent, to the rest of the world. The crisis has stimulated discussions in the scientific and professional community about the usefulness of using fair value and the impact of this measurement attribute on the appearance and widening of the crisis. The aim of the paper is to consider the impact of fair value application on the occurrence of the mentioned financial crisis. Qualitative research methodology based on the review of relevant literature in the field of research subject has been applied. A review of literature available to us has shown that there is no unique attitude about the role of fair value in the financial crisis which appeared in 2008. In that sense, opinions range from the one that fair value played little or no role in the financial crisis, over the opinion that it may have contributed to the acceleration of the crisis, to the opinion that it was one of its main causes and that it should be suspended. It is certain that fair value cannot be declared as the only financial crisis causer, and that there is no only one causer. Inadequate banking practices, risky behaviour of financial markets participants, inconsistent and insufficiently coordinated macroeconomic policies, inadequate structural reforms and omission of credit rating agencies dominantly caused the financial crisis and contributed to its spread.
{"title":"Accounting measurement at fair value in the conditions of financial crisis","authors":"V. Obradović, Nemanja Karapavlović","doi":"10.2298/zmsdn2178275o","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/zmsdn2178275o","url":null,"abstract":"The subject of the paper is the role of fair value, as one of the accounting measurement attributes (measurement basis) of assets and liabilities in the statement of financial position, in the conditions of crisis, based on the experience with global financial crisis which appeared in 2008 in the US financial sector, and later spilled over into the real sector of that country, as well as, to a greater or lesser extent, to the rest of the world. The crisis has stimulated discussions in the scientific and professional community about the usefulness of using fair value and the impact of this measurement attribute on the appearance and widening of the crisis. The aim of the paper is to consider the impact of fair value application on the occurrence of the mentioned financial crisis. Qualitative research methodology based on the review of relevant literature in the field of research subject has been applied. A review of literature available to us has shown that there is no unique attitude about the role of fair value in the financial crisis which appeared in 2008. In that sense, opinions range from the one that fair value played little or no role in the financial crisis, over the opinion that it may have contributed to the acceleration of the crisis, to the opinion that it was one of its main causes and that it should be suspended. It is certain that fair value cannot be declared as the only financial crisis causer, and that there is no only one causer. Inadequate banking practices, risky behaviour of financial markets participants, inconsistent and insufficiently coordinated macroeconomic policies, inadequate structural reforms and omission of credit rating agencies dominantly caused the financial crisis and contributed to its spread.","PeriodicalId":40081,"journal":{"name":"Zbornik Matice Srpske za Likovne Umetnosti-Matica Srpska Journal for Fine Arts","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79859991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper presents different models of health systems in the world as well as selected important challenges that they face. Also, the paper presents historical and modern concepts of development of health cooperatives in selected countries, including the Republic of Serbia. Observing the long-term sustainability of different models of health systems, certain weaknesses are pointed out, but also the significant role of health cooperatives in these systems over time, both in the international and national context. A view of the work of health cooperatives during the COVID-19 pandemic in selected countries is presented with examples of innovations in organizational terms that health cooperatives have applied in order to increase efficiency and to respond to business and health challenges posed by the pandemic. A potential answer to the presented weaknesses of health systems is to consider establishing and strengthening health cooperatives, having in mind their role in those systems throughout history, with special reference to the Republic of Serbia where health cooperatives were founded during the 19th century. However, although Serbian health cooperatives were a model for the development of health cooperatives in the world, since 1949 health cooperatives in Serbia are almost non-existent. Following the genesis of the development of these organizations and their modern role in societies around the world, the conclusions indicate the flexibility and resilience of health cooperatives to adapt to new socio-economic conditions, innovation of these organizations shown over time, importance and contribution to societies during their history and during the emerging pandemic. Also, the need for a change in public policies is pointed out, which would enable the establishment of a larger number of health cooperatives in the Republic of Serbia in response to the growing challenges of the health system, following the example of the world.
{"title":"Challenges of health care systems and health cooperatives in international and national context","authors":"M. Stamenović","doi":"10.2298/zmsdn2178225s","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/zmsdn2178225s","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents different models of health systems in the world as well as selected important challenges that they face. Also, the paper presents historical and modern concepts of development of health cooperatives in selected countries, including the Republic of Serbia. Observing the long-term sustainability of different models of health systems, certain weaknesses are pointed out, but also the significant role of health cooperatives in these systems over time, both in the international and national context. A view of the work of health cooperatives during the COVID-19 pandemic in selected countries is presented with examples of innovations in organizational terms that health cooperatives have applied in order to increase efficiency and to respond to business and health challenges posed by the pandemic. A potential answer to the presented weaknesses of health systems is to consider establishing and strengthening health cooperatives, having in mind their role in those systems throughout history, with special reference to the Republic of Serbia where health cooperatives were founded during the 19th century. However, although Serbian health cooperatives were a model for the development of health cooperatives in the world, since 1949 health cooperatives in Serbia are almost non-existent. Following the genesis of the development of these organizations and their modern role in societies around the world, the conclusions indicate the flexibility and resilience of health cooperatives to adapt to new socio-economic conditions, innovation of these organizations shown over time, importance and contribution to societies during their history and during the emerging pandemic. Also, the need for a change in public policies is pointed out, which would enable the establishment of a larger number of health cooperatives in the Republic of Serbia in response to the growing challenges of the health system, following the example of the world.","PeriodicalId":40081,"journal":{"name":"Zbornik Matice Srpske za Likovne Umetnosti-Matica Srpska Journal for Fine Arts","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85347039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Church singing, which was created due to the circumstances that arose after the Great Migration, is better known as the Karlovac chant. It was named after the place where it was transcribed and represents our national way of interpreting liturgical music, characterized by accepted influences of Western European musical practice, manifested first in music transcription, notation, metrics, and Western European tonality. Those were necessary conditions for its further artistic transposition into a complex polyphonic choral facture, intended primarily for church music elite. Permeated with the standard authoritative Western European musical tradition, it succumbed to the influence of superior musical achievements. However, when exposed to Western European creative practices, it did not prove to be a harmonized expression of artistic subordination, but an example of an unpredictable musical achievement based on the synthesis of our rich musical heritage imbued with a unique confessional and national self-determination. Its basic characteristics go back to the traditional musical heritage of the Balkans and Byzantium, enriched by Western European influences.
{"title":"Karlovac chant between tradition and innovation","authors":"D. Ašković","doi":"10.2298/zmsdn2178207a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/zmsdn2178207a","url":null,"abstract":"Church singing, which was created due to the circumstances that arose after the Great Migration, is better known as the Karlovac chant. It was named after the place where it was transcribed and represents our national way of interpreting liturgical music, characterized by accepted influences of Western European musical practice, manifested first in music transcription, notation, metrics, and Western European tonality. Those were necessary conditions for its further artistic transposition into a complex polyphonic choral facture, intended primarily for church music elite. Permeated with the standard authoritative Western European musical tradition, it succumbed to the influence of superior musical achievements. However, when exposed to Western European creative practices, it did not prove to be a harmonized expression of artistic subordination, but an example of an unpredictable musical achievement based on the synthesis of our rich musical heritage imbued with a unique confessional and national self-determination. Its basic characteristics go back to the traditional musical heritage of the Balkans and Byzantium, enriched by Western European influences.","PeriodicalId":40081,"journal":{"name":"Zbornik Matice Srpske za Likovne Umetnosti-Matica Srpska Journal for Fine Arts","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79034323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ideas about work-based learning and learning through practical experience have been represented in pedagogical theory and practice for a long time. Their importance is actualised in conditions of wider practical application of competency-based education. Practical teaching and professional practice should constitute an integral part of higher education programmes aimed at developing professional competencies. Practical teaching usually occurs as a part of different subject programmes, whereas professional practice occurs as a separate component of study programmes. The extent to which practical teaching and professional practice will be represented in the overall programme as well as the organisational form in which they will occur depend on professional (vocational) profiles implemented in education. Practical teaching and professional practice are highly important in implementing vocational (professional) profiles in the field of education, such as the professional profile of a pedagogue. This paper provides basic explanations of concepts of work-based learning and learning through practical experience that can be viewed as having theoretical origins in noticing the importance of practical teaching and professional practice as integral parts of educational programmes. In addition, the issue has been examined relating to the roles of practical teaching and professional practice in achieving the basic objectives and outcomes of higher education aimed at developing professional competencies. A separate section of the text provides an overview of the position and share of professional practice in the pedagogy study programme implemented at the Department of Pedagogy and Andragogy of the Faculty of Philosophy of the University of Belgrade. As part of this overview, a summary has been given of experience in delivery of compulsory professional practice in school for students of Year Four of bachelor academic studies of pedagogy in the 2019-2020 academic year under the emergency school work conditions caused by the pandemic.
{"title":"Practical teaching and professional practice in higher education","authors":"Emina Hebib, Zorica Šaljić","doi":"10.2298/zmsdn2179447h","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/zmsdn2179447h","url":null,"abstract":"Ideas about work-based learning and learning through practical experience have been represented in pedagogical theory and practice for a long time. Their importance is actualised in conditions of wider practical application of competency-based education. Practical teaching and professional practice should constitute an integral part of higher education programmes aimed at developing professional competencies. Practical teaching usually occurs as a part of different subject programmes, whereas professional practice occurs as a separate component of study programmes. The extent to which practical teaching and professional practice will be represented in the overall programme as well as the organisational form in which they will occur depend on professional (vocational) profiles implemented in education. Practical teaching and professional practice are highly important in implementing vocational (professional) profiles in the field of education, such as the professional profile of a pedagogue. This paper provides basic explanations of concepts of work-based learning and learning through practical experience that can be viewed as having theoretical origins in noticing the importance of practical teaching and professional practice as integral parts of educational programmes. In addition, the issue has been examined relating to the roles of practical teaching and professional practice in achieving the basic objectives and outcomes of higher education aimed at developing professional competencies. A separate section of the text provides an overview of the position and share of professional practice in the pedagogy study programme implemented at the Department of Pedagogy and Andragogy of the Faculty of Philosophy of the University of Belgrade. As part of this overview, a summary has been given of experience in delivery of compulsory professional practice in school for students of Year Four of bachelor academic studies of pedagogy in the 2019-2020 academic year under the emergency school work conditions caused by the pandemic.","PeriodicalId":40081,"journal":{"name":"Zbornik Matice Srpske za Likovne Umetnosti-Matica Srpska Journal for Fine Arts","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82585592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The paper deals with St Maximus? Ambiguum 14 in which this Byzantine theologian interprets a paragraph from the famous First theological oration of St Gregory the Theologian. By way of comparison, the Cappadocian states that Eunomian theological discussions are misplaced in the same manner as doing geometry would be in the time of mourning. Maximus faced a rather difficult task of interpreting this odd comparison. In response to this challenge, he offered several different interpretations, admitting that he would be grateful to anyone who might offer a better solution of this ambiguity. Some scholars who dealt with the text criticism of this very oration did precisely this by suggesting that ?the geometry? (?????????) represented a lapsus calami which replaced the original phrase ?the immoderate laughter? (???? ???????), while others refused to accept their proposal. Reflections are offered in conclusion on the authority present in the patristic texts, both in case of Maximus as well as in the case of contemporary patristic scholars.
{"title":"Why don’t mourners do geometry? St Maximus the Confessor and St Gregory the Theologian’s Oration 27","authors":"A. Jeftić","doi":"10.2298/zmsdn2177079j","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/zmsdn2177079j","url":null,"abstract":"The paper deals with St Maximus? Ambiguum 14 in which this Byzantine theologian interprets a paragraph from the famous First theological oration of St Gregory the Theologian. By way of comparison, the Cappadocian states that Eunomian theological discussions are misplaced in the same manner as doing geometry would be in the time of mourning. Maximus faced a rather difficult task of interpreting this odd comparison. In response to this challenge, he offered several different interpretations, admitting that he would be grateful to anyone who might offer a better solution of this ambiguity. Some scholars who dealt with the text criticism of this very oration did precisely this by suggesting that ?the geometry? (?????????) represented a lapsus calami which replaced the original phrase ?the immoderate laughter? (???? ???????), while others refused to accept their proposal. Reflections are offered in conclusion on the authority present in the patristic texts, both in case of Maximus as well as in the case of contemporary patristic scholars.","PeriodicalId":40081,"journal":{"name":"Zbornik Matice Srpske za Likovne Umetnosti-Matica Srpska Journal for Fine Arts","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85866166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper is dedicated to a phenomenon that in English is referred to as public policy, while in Serbian, it uses the term politike or javne politike. There is no universal or one-sided and straightforward definition of public policies. However, the authors agree that public policy research includes the study of decision-making processes and the results of their implementation - whether it is decisions of modern governments or other groups of individuals, institutions, etc. In modern society, public policies are an essential organizational concept that affects all areas of life - they are instruments for shaping socio-cultural reality. In the anthropological approach of public policies, there is a change in the research methodology and the material used as a source of information. Classical anthropological qualitative research is not possible here since it is crucial to capture events in several fields. Therefore, researchers propose a ?studying through? method where the power and networks of relationships between actors, institutions, and discourses in a given time and space, which arise when policy implementation begins, are monitored. When it comes to ?new? material, for the sake of researching public policies, anthropologists turn more to archival material, using various political documents - laws, strategies, recommendations, etc. In line with the above, this paper aims to present an anthropological approach to public policies, point out a different methodology of such research, and emphasize the importance of this anthropological field important for modern society.
{"title":"Anthropological approach to public policy - theoretical and methodological consideration","authors":"Miloš Rašić","doi":"10.2298/zmsdn2179377r","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/zmsdn2179377r","url":null,"abstract":"This paper is dedicated to a phenomenon that in English is referred to as public policy, while in Serbian, it uses the term politike or javne politike. There is no universal or one-sided and straightforward definition of public policies. However, the authors agree that public policy research includes the study of decision-making processes and the results of their implementation - whether it is decisions of modern governments or other groups of individuals, institutions, etc. In modern society, public policies are an essential organizational concept that affects all areas of life - they are instruments for shaping socio-cultural reality. In the anthropological approach of public policies, there is a change in the research methodology and the material used as a source of information. Classical anthropological qualitative research is not possible here since it is crucial to capture events in several fields. Therefore, researchers propose a ?studying through? method where the power and networks of relationships between actors, institutions, and discourses in a given time and space, which arise when policy implementation begins, are monitored. When it comes to ?new? material, for the sake of researching public policies, anthropologists turn more to archival material, using various political documents - laws, strategies, recommendations, etc. In line with the above, this paper aims to present an anthropological approach to public policies, point out a different methodology of such research, and emphasize the importance of this anthropological field important for modern society.","PeriodicalId":40081,"journal":{"name":"Zbornik Matice Srpske za Likovne Umetnosti-Matica Srpska Journal for Fine Arts","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80559506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Health security has long been a neglected dimension of national security even in developed countries, and especially in areas such as the Western Balkans. However, the current crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic threatens to completely redefine the global national security agenda in the coming period. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the efficiency of health systems in the Western Balkans through the prism of preventing, detecting and responding to pandemics and other forms of dangers to public health. The aim is to identify key economic challenges and factors for improving the efficiency of the region?s health systems, taking into account the empirical experiences arising from the current health crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. The research findings indicate significant problems that all Western Balkan countries face in terms of labor force management in health systems, the sources of which can be sought, above all, in the increasingly intensive emigration of medical staff to developed countries.
{"title":"Economic challenges to improve health system efficiency in the Western Balkan countries: The case of the covid-19 pandemic","authors":"V. Radivojevic, Tanja Stanišić","doi":"10.2298/zmsdn2180605r","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/zmsdn2180605r","url":null,"abstract":"Health security has long been a neglected dimension of national security even in developed countries, and especially in areas such as the Western Balkans. However, the current crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic threatens to completely redefine the global national security agenda in the coming period. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the efficiency of health systems in the Western Balkans through the prism of preventing, detecting and responding to pandemics and other forms of dangers to public health. The aim is to identify key economic challenges and factors for improving the efficiency of the region?s health systems, taking into account the empirical experiences arising from the current health crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. The research findings indicate significant problems that all Western Balkan countries face in terms of labor force management in health systems, the sources of which can be sought, above all, in the increasingly intensive emigration of medical staff to developed countries.","PeriodicalId":40081,"journal":{"name":"Zbornik Matice Srpske za Likovne Umetnosti-Matica Srpska Journal for Fine Arts","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82433022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this article the author identifies a paradox at the heart of Descartes? foundationalist project. The components of the paradox are as follows: on the one hand, ontological certainty of cogito, on the other hand, its epistemic uncertainty: it is impossible for the solus ipse to establish the elementary truth: at present it is impossible to determine whether it is now night or daylight. For Descartes the solution consists of introducing God and in believing in His existence. But this is no solution whatsoever, for a subject would require direct contact with God in order to receive clear and distinct ideas, which are at the same time marks of their truth. The author concludes the following: firstly, Descartes managed to establish a foundation for nothing; secondly, the Cartesian project that includes the necessity of contact with God as a way to attain the Truth, becomes completed only in Hegel?s philosophy of Absolut Knowledge (in Wiss. der Logik), along with his justification provided in the Phenoimenologie des Gesites. The post-Hegelian philosophy, however, has engendered its own paradox by abandoning Hegel?s own solution despite it being fully Cartesian in its character. This was the consequence of abandoning God and declaring Hegel?s philosophy as a deplorable conservative revival of theology; something that was beyond understanding by modern philosophers. The abandonment of God had as its consequence the return to the Cartesian paradox, which reopened the question of truth - connected to the Cogito, and the question of sense (Sinn) - connected to the sum of human subject. The neglect of God leads to the departure from ratio-centrism in two ways: the epistemic perspectivism and relativism, on the one hand, and Nihilism, voluntarism with decisionism, along with existentialism, on the other. Consequently, with the death of God, and the fall of Hegel?s system, the modern metaphysics of subjectivity reveals itself as founded merely on the Will to power - as a will for God, until Hegel, and a will against God, subsequently. Thus, Heidegger was right when he said that Nietzsche?s Will to Power was the end of the Western metaphysics. The author complements this finding by adding that this kind of metaphysic had already been concealed within the Descartes Meditations from the start, in the forms of the will for the Reason and the will for God. Finally, the author concludes that the modern philosophy completes its own Odyssey of looking for a foundation by abandoning the Hegelian solution, blind to the fact that Hegel?s solution was the only consequent Cartesian one. The ultimate result was the fall of ratio-centrism into nihilism, voluntarism, and existentialism, as promoted under a thin vail of Picodellamirandolian humanism.
在这篇文章中，作者指出了笛卡尔思想核心的一个悖论。项目基础主义者。这个悖论的组成部分是:一方面是我思的本体论的确定性，另一方面是我思的认识论的不确定性。唯一存在是不可能确立基本真理的，目前还不可能确定现在是黑夜还是白昼。对笛卡儿来说，解决之道在于引入上帝并相信他的存在。但这绝不是解决问题的办法，因为一个主体必须与上帝直接接触，才能得到清晰而明确的观念，而这些观念同时也是真理的标志。作者得出以下结论:首先，笛卡尔成功地建立了一个虚无的基础;第二，笛卡尔的计划，包括与上帝接触的必要性，作为一种获得真理的方式，只有在黑格尔才完成?他的绝对知识哲学(瑞士语)以及他在《物象学》(phenomenenologie des Gesites)中提供的论证。然而，后黑格尔哲学却因抛弃黑格尔而产生了自身的悖论。尽管它的性质完全是笛卡尔式的。这就是抛弃上帝，宣布黑格尔?美国哲学是令人遗憾的神学保守复兴;一些现代哲学家无法理解的东西。抛弃上帝的结果是回到笛卡尔悖论，这重新打开了真理的问题-与我思有关，和感觉的问题(Sinn) -与人类主体的总和有关。对上帝的忽视从两个方面导致了对比率中心主义的背离:一方面是认识论的透视主义和相对主义，另一方面是虚无主义、意志主义和决定主义，以及存在主义。因此，随着上帝的死亡和黑格尔的堕落?在黑格尔的哲学体系中，主体性的现代形而上学揭示了它本身仅仅是建立在权力意志之上的——在黑格尔之前，它是一种支持上帝的意志，而在黑格尔之后，它是一种反对上帝的意志。因此，当海德格尔说尼采?《权力意志》是西方形而上学的终结。作者补充说，这种形而上学从一开始就隐藏在笛卡尔的《沉思》中，以理性意志和上帝意志的形式。最后，作者得出结论，现代哲学通过放弃黑格尔的解决方案来完成自己寻找基础的奥德赛，而忽视了黑格尔?s的解是唯一的随式笛卡尔解。最终的结果是，比率中心主义堕落为虚无主义、唯意志主义和存在主义，并在皮德拉米兰多式人文主义的薄薄面纱下得到推广。
{"title":"The Decartes’ paradox and the modern philosophy as the foundation farse","authors":"M. Brdar","doi":"10.2298/zmsdn2177001b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/zmsdn2177001b","url":null,"abstract":"In this article the author identifies a paradox at the heart of Descartes? foundationalist project. The components of the paradox are as follows: on the one hand, ontological certainty of cogito, on the other hand, its epistemic uncertainty: it is impossible for the solus ipse to establish the elementary truth: at present it is impossible to determine whether it is now night or daylight. For Descartes the solution consists of introducing God and in believing in His existence. But this is no solution whatsoever, for a subject would require direct contact with God in order to receive clear and distinct ideas, which are at the same time marks of their truth. The author concludes the following: firstly, Descartes managed to establish a foundation for nothing; secondly, the Cartesian project that includes the necessity of contact with God as a way to attain the Truth, becomes completed only in Hegel?s philosophy of Absolut Knowledge (in Wiss. der Logik), along with his justification provided in the Phenoimenologie des Gesites. The post-Hegelian philosophy, however, has engendered its own paradox by abandoning Hegel?s own solution despite it being fully Cartesian in its character. This was the consequence of abandoning God and declaring Hegel?s philosophy as a deplorable conservative revival of theology; something that was beyond understanding by modern philosophers. The abandonment of God had as its consequence the return to the Cartesian paradox, which reopened the question of truth - connected to the Cogito, and the question of sense (Sinn) - connected to the sum of human subject. The neglect of God leads to the departure from ratio-centrism in two ways: the epistemic perspectivism and relativism, on the one hand, and Nihilism, voluntarism with decisionism, along with existentialism, on the other. Consequently, with the death of God, and the fall of Hegel?s system, the modern metaphysics of subjectivity reveals itself as founded merely on the Will to power - as a will for God, until Hegel, and a will against God, subsequently. Thus, Heidegger was right when he said that Nietzsche?s Will to Power was the end of the Western metaphysics. The author complements this finding by adding that this kind of metaphysic had already been concealed within the Descartes Meditations from the start, in the forms of the will for the Reason and the will for God. Finally, the author concludes that the modern philosophy completes its own Odyssey of looking for a foundation by abandoning the Hegelian solution, blind to the fact that Hegel?s solution was the only consequent Cartesian one. The ultimate result was the fall of ratio-centrism into nihilism, voluntarism, and existentialism, as promoted under a thin vail of Picodellamirandolian humanism.","PeriodicalId":40081,"journal":{"name":"Zbornik Matice Srpske za Likovne Umetnosti-Matica Srpska Journal for Fine Arts","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77637295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of our work is the Theban cadastre, which is the most important source from which the development of the feudalization of Byzantine agriculture can be traced. The text of the cadastre was written in the second half of the 11th century. Based on the text of this source, the authors tried to point out and explain the changes that took place in property relations in Byzantine agriculture. In the analysis given in the paper, it can be noticed that the Theban cadastre is a source from which it can be directly seen in what way the consolidation of estates took place, i.e. the creation from large feudal agricultural estates. The Theban cadastre gives specific cases that directly follow individual agricultural producers with their names, as well as the names of dinats (powerful people) who bought their property. This is exactly the significance of the Theban cadastre, because on the basis of the records contained in it, changes in ownership can be traced. From this time distance, we can freely say that these changes directly influenced the further development of Byzantine agriculture.
{"title":"Theban cadastre as a tax document of the imperial administration and an example of feudalization of Byzantine agriculture","authors":"Z. Simonović, N. Ćurčić","doi":"10.2298/zmsdn2076499s","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/zmsdn2076499s","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of our work is the Theban cadastre, which is the most important source from which the development of the feudalization of Byzantine agriculture can be traced. The text of the cadastre was written in the second half of the 11th century. Based on the text of this source, the authors tried to point out and explain the changes that took place in property relations in Byzantine agriculture. In the analysis given in the paper, it can be noticed that the Theban cadastre is a source from which it can be directly seen in what way the consolidation of estates took place, i.e. the creation from large feudal agricultural estates. The Theban cadastre gives specific cases that directly follow individual agricultural producers with their names, as well as the names of dinats (powerful people) who bought their property. This is exactly the significance of the Theban cadastre, because on the basis of the records contained in it, changes in ownership can be traced. From this time distance, we can freely say that these changes directly influenced the further development of Byzantine agriculture.","PeriodicalId":40081,"journal":{"name":"Zbornik Matice Srpske za Likovne Umetnosti-Matica Srpska Journal for Fine Arts","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86898527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Starting from the fact that the school system of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia was shaped and conditioned by specific educational components, the paper discusses and presents the modalities on the basis of which, through the Music culture course, the idea of Yugoslavdom was implemented, and the awareness of primary school children about the existence of one nation having three different names was created. The focus of the research in the paper are the curricula and the syllabi, organization of the elementary school system and a striking teaching content - genre-different songs, by which the educational authorities sought to form a spirit of community among elementary school children in Yugoslavia. Based on the research on the specificities and organizational differences, as well as differences in the progression of primary education in different areas of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia, the paper applied synthetic and inductive and deductive methodological approach, with the aim of defining common premises that contributed to the implementation of the idea of Yugoslavdom in teaching Music culture.
{"title":"The idea of Yugoslavdom in the music culture syllabi and curricula between two world wars","authors":"Biljana Mandić","doi":"10.2298/zmsdn2076561m","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/zmsdn2076561m","url":null,"abstract":"Starting from the fact that the school system of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia was shaped and conditioned by specific educational components, the paper discusses and presents the modalities on the basis of which, through the Music culture course, the idea of Yugoslavdom was implemented, and the awareness of primary school children about the existence of one nation having three different names was created. The focus of the research in the paper are the curricula and the syllabi, organization of the elementary school system and a striking teaching content - genre-different songs, by which the educational authorities sought to form a spirit of community among elementary school children in Yugoslavia. Based on the research on the specificities and organizational differences, as well as differences in the progression of primary education in different areas of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia, the paper applied synthetic and inductive and deductive methodological approach, with the aim of defining common premises that contributed to the implementation of the idea of Yugoslavdom in teaching Music culture.","PeriodicalId":40081,"journal":{"name":"Zbornik Matice Srpske za Likovne Umetnosti-Matica Srpska Journal for Fine Arts","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80297285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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