Particuology最新文献_第7页

Effect of particle shape on creep behavior of calcareous sand and the underlying mechanism 颗粒形状对钙质砂蠕变行为的影响及其机理

IF 4.3 2区材料科学 Q2 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Particuology

Pub Date : 2025-11-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.partic.2025.11.003

Le Sun , Yan Gao , Quan Yuan , Yanlun Wang , Xudong Tang

This study investigates the creep characteristics of calcareous sand with three realistic and typical particle shapes (lump, dendritic, and biogenic debris) under different deviatoric stress ratios through multistage loading triaxial creep tests. The particle breakage patterns and creep mechanisms of calcareous sands are revealed based on CT scanning. The results demonstrate that lump-shaped calcareous sand exhibits the smallest axial creep deformation, the longest duration of creep structural effect, and the latest occurrence of creep failure stage, manifesting as volumetric expansion. Dendritic calcareous sand shows intermediate axial creep deformation, significantly shortened creep structural effect duration, and slight volumetric contraction. Biogenic debris calcareous sand presents the largest axial creep deformation, the shortest creep structural effect duration, and considerable volumetric contraction. After creep, lump-shaped calcareous sand displays the least particle breakage, dominated by particle grinding and overall breakage modes; dendritic calcareous sand exhibits intermediate particle breakage, primarily through particle fracture; while biogenic debris calcareous sand suffers the most severe breakage, characterized by penetrating fractures and overall breakage modes. The shape characteristics of all three particle morphologies are significantly affected by creep. After creep, the fractal dimension and mean aspect ratio of both lump-shaped and biogenic debris calcareous sands increase, whereas those of dendritic calcareous sand decrease. Particle shape ultimately determines creep behavior differences by regulating force chain distribution, breakage modes, and breakage degree. This study elucidates the variations and control mechanisms in creep deformation among three particle shapes of calcareous sand, providing theoretical foundations for marine engineering design.

通过多级加载三轴蠕变试验，研究了不同偏应力比下具有块状、枝状和生物碎屑三种典型颗粒形态的钙质砂的蠕变特性。基于CT扫描揭示了钙质砂的颗粒破碎模式和蠕变机理。结果表明：块状钙质砂轴向蠕变变形最小，蠕变结构效应持续时间最长，蠕变破坏阶段发生时间最晚，表现为体积膨胀；树枝状钙质砂表现为中等的轴向蠕变变形，蠕变结构效应持续时间明显缩短，体积收缩较小。生物碎屑钙质砂轴向蠕变变形最大，蠕变结构效应持续时间最短，体积收缩较大。蠕变后块状钙质砂颗粒破碎最少，以颗粒磨碎和整体破碎模式为主；树枝状钙质砂表现为中间颗粒破碎，主要通过颗粒断裂；生物碎屑钙质砂破碎最为严重，表现为穿透性断裂和整体破碎模式。蠕变对三种颗粒形态的形状特征都有显著影响。蠕变后，块状钙质砂和生物碎屑钙质砂的分形维数和平均长径比均增大，树枝状钙质砂的分形维数和平均长径比减小。颗粒形状通过调节力链分布、破碎方式和破碎程度，最终决定蠕变行为的差异。本研究阐明了钙质砂三种颗粒形态蠕变的变化规律及控制机理，为海洋工程设计提供理论依据。

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引用次数: 0

Tabulation applied to thermal conduction within complex particle geometries in the Discrete Element Method 离散元法中用于复杂颗粒几何内热传导的制表方法

IF 4.3 2区材料科学 Q2 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Particuology

Pub Date : 2025-11-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.partic.2025.11.002

Torben Bergold, Enric Illana-Mahiques, Viktor Scherer

Intraparticle models are crucial in the Discrete Element Method when particles are thermally thick. Accurately solving the intraparticle conservation equations using the finite volume method requires high spatial and temporal resolution, which significantly increases computational cost. This study presents a model that relies on tabulation to describe intraparticle heat conduction inside complex-shaped particles. This cost-effective method replaces the computationally expensive finite volume method without compromising the accuracy. The method has been applied to different particle shapes: a cylinder with two different aspect ratios, a cube, a square thin plate, a sphere and an irregular shape. Materials with very different thermal conductivities — glass, limestone, and wood — have also been examined. For wood particles, anisotropic heat conduction is considered as wood possesses directional thermal properties. The particles exchange heat with the surrounding gas by convection, where the gas-phase temperature varies over time between 350 K and 950 K as a superposition of four harmonic functions with different frequencies. The response of the particle surface temperature, core temperature, and internal temperature distributions is compared with results obtained from the finite volume method. The tabulated model accurately reproduced the temperatures of the finite volume method, with maximum root-mean-square deviations of 10 K. A speed-up factor of at least 100 was achieved using the tabulation method compared to the finite volume method, increasing further with higher mesh resolution.

当颗粒热厚时，颗粒内模型在离散元法中是至关重要的。用有限体积法精确求解粒子内守恒方程需要较高的时空分辨率，这大大增加了计算成本。本文提出了一种基于表格的模型来描述复杂形状粒子内部的热传导。该方法在不影响精度的前提下，取代了计算量大的有限体积法。该方法已应用于不同的颗粒形状：具有两种不同长宽比的圆柱体，立方体，方形薄板，球体和不规则形状。热导率非常不同的材料——玻璃、石灰石和木材——也被研究过。对于木材颗粒，由于木材具有方向性，因此可以考虑各向异性热传导。颗粒通过对流与周围气体交换热量，其中气相温度随时间变化在350 K到950 K之间，作为不同频率的四个谐波函数的叠加。将颗粒表面温度、堆芯温度和内部温度分布的响应与有限体积法的结果进行了比较。表列模型准确地再现了有限体积法的温度，最大均方根偏差为10 K。与有限体积法相比，制表法的加速系数至少提高了100倍，随着网格分辨率的提高，加速系数进一步提高。

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引用次数: 0

CFD modeling of particle deposition in human airways: Effect of inhalation rate, body temperature, and relative humidity 人体呼吸道颗粒沉积的CFD模拟：吸入速率、体温和相对湿度的影响

IF 4.3 2区材料科学 Q2 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Particuology

Pub Date : 2025-11-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.partic.2025.11.001

Muhammad Adnan , Chanida Kampeewichean , Sorathan Tanprasert , Krittin Korkerd , Pornpote Piumsomboon , Sasipong Tipratchadaporn , Benjapon Chalermsinsuwan , Ratchanon Piemjaiswang

This study examines local particle deposition in an idealized Weibel tracheobronchial model up to six generations (G0–G6). The Discrete Phase Model (DPM) was employed to simulate airflow and particle motion. This study aimed to explore the combined effects of transient airflow patterns and environmental conditions (body temperature and relative humidity). These environmental factors can alter airflow properties, which in turn affect particle transport and deposition in human airways. Results of this study show that airflow rate and body temperature have a strong influence on deposition and particle escape, with airflow rate being the dominant factor. Deposition increases with airflow rate, while body temperature reduces it. Moreover, particle escape decreases as more particles attach to the fluid phase. The highest deposition is predicted in G1. Furthermore, at the outlet, velocity is observed to be considerably higher than at the inlet, and particle trajectories remain asymmetrical despite the airway’s symmetrical geometry. Although this work is based on an idealized Weibel model that cannot fully replicate the patient-specific airways, the findings of this study under realistic environmental conditions provide valuable insights for fundamental research on particle behavior and deposition in the human respiratory system.

本研究在理想的六代（G0-G6） webel气管支气管模型中检查局部颗粒沉积。采用离散相模型（DPM）模拟气流和颗粒运动。本研究旨在探讨瞬态气流模式和环境条件（体温和相对湿度）的综合影响。这些环境因素可以改变气流特性，进而影响颗粒在人体气道中的运输和沉积。本研究结果表明，气流速率和体温对沉积和颗粒逸出有较强的影响，其中气流速率是主导因素。沉积物随气流速率增加而增加，而体温则使其减少。此外，随着更多的颗粒附着在流体相上，颗粒逸出减少。预计沉积在G1期最高。此外，在出口处，观察到的速度比进口处要高得多，尽管气道的几何形状是对称的，但颗粒轨迹仍然是不对称的。虽然这项工作是基于理想化的Weibel模型，不能完全复制患者特定的气道，但在现实环境条件下的研究结果为人类呼吸系统中颗粒行为和沉积的基础研究提供了有价值的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Porous Ni-rich cathode material constructed by K+ and F− co-doping 由K+和F−共掺杂构建的多孔富镍正极材料

IF 4.3 2区材料科学 Q2 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Particuology

Pub Date : 2025-11-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.partic.2025.10.024

Tongtong Wang , Yumin Wang , Jinbo Zeng , Bo Li , Haitao Feng , Yue Shen , Chunxi Hai , Kaisheng Xia , Yuan Zhou

Ni-rich cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries have attracted much attention due to their high capacity and low cost; however, they are structurally and thermodynamically unstable, and their cycling performance also needs to be further improved to meet the needs of large-scale commercial applications. Herein, a synergistic K⁺ and F⁻ co-doping strategy is used to enhance performance of Ni-rich LiNi_0.8Co_0.1Mn_0.1O₂ cathode material. Trace surface K⁺ doping forms large polyhedral primary particles with sharp edges, hindering dense aggregation and promoting uniform internal porosity within secondary particles. Bulk F⁻ doping stabilizes the structure. This co-doping, combined with the porous architecture, significantly improves electrolyte infiltration, shortens Li⁺ pathways, reduces Li⁺/Ni²⁺ disordering, and lowers Li⁺ migration barriers, facilitates a stable cathode electrolyte interface (CEI), mitigates polarization and suppresses lattice oxygen loss. The optimized KF30 sample delivers 173.0 mAh g⁻¹ at 8 C (111 % of undoped KF00 capacity). After 200 cycles at 1 C, it retains 170.5 mAh g⁻¹ (88.39 % retention), outperforming KF00 by 12.36 %. This strategy provides a cost-effective approach to boost Ni-rich cathode stability and electrochemical properties for lithium-ion batteries.

富镍锂离子电池正极材料因其高容量、低成本而备受关注；然而，它们在结构和热力学上都不稳定，其循环性能还需要进一步提高，以满足大规模商业应用的需要。本文采用K+和F−协同共掺杂策略提高了富镍LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2正极材料的性能。微量表面K+掺杂形成边缘锋利的大多面体初级颗粒，阻碍了次级颗粒的密集聚集，促进了次级颗粒内部孔隙度均匀。大量F−掺杂使结构稳定。这种共掺杂与多孔结构相结合，显著改善了电解质的渗透，缩短了Li+路径，减少了Li+/Ni2+的无序性，降低了Li+的迁移障碍，促进了阴极电解质界面（CEI）的稳定，减轻了极化，抑制了晶格氧的损失。优化后的KF30样品在8℃下可提供173.0 mAh g−1（为未掺杂KF00容量的111%）。在1℃下循环200次后，它保持170.5 mAh g - 1（保持率为88.39%），比KF00高出12.36%。该策略为提高锂离子电池的富镍阴极稳定性和电化学性能提供了一种经济有效的方法。

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引用次数: 0

Tailings flocculation and sedimentation in a lab-scale gravity thickener by CFD modelling 实验室重力浓缩机尾矿絮凝沉降CFD模拟

IF 4.3 2区材料科学 Q2 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Particuology

Pub Date : 2025-11-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.partic.2025.10.023

Xuetao Wang , Yuchen Shao , Zhiran Mao , Yulian Wang , Baoyu Cui , Andrew Bayly

This study employed coupled the Computational Fluid Dynamics-Population Balance Model (CFD-PBM) framework and Kinetic Theory of Granular Flow (KTGF) to investigate the flocculation and sedimentation dynamics of polymodal tailings particles in a lab-scale gravity thickener. The Euler-Euler multiphase model and RNG k-ε turbulence model are integrated to simulate solid-liquid interactions and turbulent flow characteristics, while flocculation kinetics, including aggregation and breakage mechanisms, are incorporated to quantify particle size evolution. The influence of feed velocity on flow field characteristics and particle flocculation-sedimentation efficiency was analyzed through visualization. The results indicated that the turbulent energy distribution is highly sensitive to the feed velocity. The optimal velocity range (2.0–2.5 m/s) promotes a balanced aggregation-breakage dynamics of particles, stabilizing the formation of larger flocs and enhancing sedimentation. Excessively high feed velocities (>3.0 m/s) induce stronger turbulence, reducing floc size and impairing sedimentation efficiency. Spatial analysis reveals that fine particles (<50 μm) are widely dispersed, while large flocs (>100 μm) dominate the underflow solid concentration. The impact of floc size and density on sedimentation was also examined. This study identifies a critical threshold for feed velocity to optimize thickener performance, providing a theoretical basis for process intensification in industrial thickeners.

本研究采用计算流体动力学-种群平衡模型（CFD-PBM）框架和颗粒流动动力学理论（KTGF）耦合研究了多模态尾矿颗粒在实验室重力浓密机中的絮凝沉降动力学。结合欧拉-欧拉多相模型和RNG k-ε湍流模型，模拟固液相互作用和湍流特性；结合絮凝动力学，包括聚集和破碎机制，量化粒径演变。通过可视化分析了进料速度对流场特性和颗粒絮凝沉降效率的影响。结果表明，湍流能量分布对进给速度高度敏感。最佳速度范围（2.0-2.5 m/s）促进了颗粒的平衡聚集-破碎动力学，稳定了较大絮凝体的形成，增强了沉降。过高的进料速度（>3.0 m/s）会引起更强的湍流，降低絮体尺寸，降低沉降效率。空间分析表明，细颗粒（> 50 μm）广泛分布，而大絮凝体（>100 μm）主导了下流固体浓度。考察了絮体粒径和密度对沉降的影响。本研究确定了优化增稠机性能的进料速度临界阈值，为工业增稠机过程强化提供了理论依据。

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引用次数: 0

Tunable carbon release from melt-blended carbon source particles for simultaneous denitrification in low-C/N wastewater 熔融混合碳源颗粒在低碳氮比废水中同步反硝化的可调碳释放

IF 4.3 2区材料科学 Q2 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Particuology

Pub Date : 2025-11-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.partic.2025.10.021

Siyuan Yin , Yuanyuan Shao , Jesse Zhu

Achieving simultaneous carbon release and denitrification (SCRD) remains a key challenge for solid carbon sources (SCSs) in low-C/N wastewater treatment. In this project, novel melt-blended advanced carbon sources (MB-ACSs) with tunable compositions were developed to regulate SCRD through structural design, where MB-ACSs were engineered to form interpenetrating networks with controllable porosity and diffusivity based on the different compositions of corn cob (CC) and polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) within a polyethylene (PE) matrix. Among them, MB-433 (40 wt% PE, 30 wt% PHB, 30 wt% CC) exhibited the most balanced structure, integrating rapid CC-derived dissolution, PHB-mediated sustained release, and PE-supported stability. All MB-ACSs displayed a biphasic release pattern – initial surface dissolution followed by internal diffusion – whereas MB-433 maintained a steady carbon supply ideally synchronized with microbial demand. Denitrification assays conducted across a wide range of nitrate loads (25–1000 mg NO₃⁻-N/L) and C/N (0, 1.5, 3) showed that MB-433 consistently achieved 60–80 % nitrate removal under moderate conditions (25–50 mg NO₃⁻-N/L), avoided inhibition under high-loading and high-carbon conditions (1000 mg NO₃⁻-N/L, C/N = 3), and maintained complete denitrification even in the absence of external carbon (C/N = 0). Logistic and exponential fittings confirmed MB-433's superior capacity on SCRD, while Monod modeling revealed high denitrification potential (V_max = 0.172 mg/L d) and strong nitrate affinity (K_s = 8.42 mg/L).

实现碳释放和反硝化（SCRD）同时进行仍然是固体碳源（SCSs）在低碳/氮废水处理中的一个关键挑战。在本项目中，开发了具有可调成分的新型熔融混合高级碳源（MB-ACSs），通过结构设计来调节SCRD，其中基于聚乙烯（PE）基体中玉米芯（CC）和聚羟基丁酸酯（PHB）的不同成分，MB-ACSs被设计成具有可控孔隙率和扩散率的互穿网络。其中，MB-433 （40 wt% PE, 30 wt% PHB, 30 wt% CC）表现出最平衡的结构，整合了CC衍生的快速溶解，PHB介导的缓释和PE支持的稳定性。所有MB-ACSs都表现出两相释放模式，即最初的表面溶解和内部扩散，而MB-433则保持稳定的碳供应，理想地与微生物需求同步。在硝酸盐负荷（25-1000 mg NO3−-N/L）和C/N（0,1.5, 3）范围内进行的反硝化试验表明，MB-433在中等条件（25-50 mg NO3−-N/L）下始终能达到60 - 80%的硝酸盐去除率，避免了高负荷和高碳条件（1000 mg NO3−-N/L, C/N = 3）下的抑制作用，即使在没有外部碳（C/N = 0）的情况下也能保持完全的反硝化作用。Logistic和指数拟合证实了MB-433在SCRD上的优越能力，而Monod模型显示出高的反硝化潜力（Vmax = 0.172 mg/L d）和强的硝酸盐亲和力（Ks = 8.42 mg/L）。

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引用次数: 0

High temperature micro fluidization of limestones 石灰石的高温微流化

IF 4.3 2区材料科学 Q2 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Particuology

Pub Date : 2025-11-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.partic.2025.10.020

Peter Asiedu-Boateng , Nana Yaw Asiedu , Gregory S. Patience , Jonathan R. McDonough , Vladimir Zivkovic

Micro fluidized bed reactors (MFBRs) operating at high temperatures hold great potential for finding suitable conditions for kinetic screening experiments for CO₂ capture sorbents. Additionally, high temperature hydrodynamics study using MFBRs prior to kinetics analysis could enable the acquisition of realistic and intrinsic kinetic data in transport phenomena-induced processes but the existence of wall effects could negatively impact quality of fluidization and cause delayed fluidization even though it may aid reaction kinetics. High temperature hydrodynamic studies in MFBRs remains relatively unexplored despite its enormous potential. In this work, we designed a high temperature MFBR system to perform detailed hydrodynamic experiments using pressure drop characterization approach to analyze the effect of temperature and bed-wall friction on various fluidization regimes with Geldart B limestone sorbents by controlling temperature with portable induction heater. Results show that minimum fluidization velocity decreases with increasing temperature for both Nauli and Oterpkolu limestones due to increased Van der Waals forces and the cohesiveness between particles at elevated temperature; with the gradient of the decrease in minimum fluidization velocity being steeper between ambient temperature and 400 °C compared to the drop between 400 and 800 °C. At 600 °C, bubbles started appearing at air flow rate of (0.065 m/s) but bubbling started at 0.142 m/s and 400 °C. Frequency spectra revealed that the superficial gas velocity at which a dominant frequency is attained (when slugging fluidization begins) reduces as the operating temperature increases. Additionally, bed pressure drop overshoot per volume of particle bed increases with increasing operating temperature.

在高温下运行的微流化床反应器（MFBRs）为CO2捕集吸附剂的动力学筛选实验寻找合适的条件具有很大的潜力。此外，在动力学分析之前使用mfbr进行高温流体动力学研究可以获得输运现象诱导过程的真实和内在动力学数据，但壁面效应的存在可能会对流化质量产生负面影响，并导致流化延迟，尽管它可能有助于反应动力学。尽管mfbr的高温流体力学研究潜力巨大，但其研究仍相对较少。在这项工作中，我们设计了一个高温MFBR系统，利用压降表征方法进行详细的流体动力学实验，分析温度和床壁摩擦对Geldart B石灰石吸附剂不同流化状态的影响，通过便携式感应加热器控制温度。结果表明：Nauli和Oterpkolu两种石灰石的最小流化速度均随温度升高而减小，这主要是由于温度升高时范德华力增大和颗粒间的黏结作用；最小流化速度在环境温度和400℃之间下降的梯度比在400 ~ 800℃之间下降的梯度更大。在600℃时，气泡在空气流速为（0.065 m/s）时开始出现，在0.142 m/s和400℃时开始出现气泡。频谱分析表明，当段塞流化开始时，达到主导频率的表面气速随着工作温度的升高而降低。此外，颗粒床单位体积压降超调量随操作温度的升高而增大。

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引用次数: 0

The shakedown behaviour of binary soil: A DEM study 二元土的安定性：DEM研究

IF 4.3 2区材料科学 Q2 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Particuology

Pub Date : 2025-11-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.partic.2025.10.022

Qi Zhang , Haoran Jiang , Guijie Sang , Yike Dang

Binary soils are widespread in natural deposits and are frequently subjected to cyclic loading. While laboratory tests have provided valuable insights into their overall mechanical behaviour, the underlying structural evolution remains largely unexplored due to experimental constraints. In this study, the discrete element method (DEM) is employed to investigate the deformation behaviour of binary soils under drained cyclic loading. A series of monotonic and cyclic biaxial tests were performed on soils with varying fines content, covering the transition from coarse-particle-controlled to fine-particle-controlled structures. To enhance computational efficiency in cyclic loading simulations, a shakedown framework was adopted. The results indicate that increasing fines content reduces the strength and stiffness of coarse-particle-controlled structures but enhances those of fine-particle-controlled structures. Micromechanical analyses of the stress–force–fabric relationship reveal that shakedown behaviour is governed by the anisotropy of tangential contact force (a_t): in loose specimens, shakedown is controlled by the residual a_t, whereas in dense specimens it is controlled by the peak a_t. This work establishes a link between the micro-response in monotonic biaxial tests and the macro-response in cyclic biaxial tests. Furthermore, based on the simulation results, a criterion is proposed for characterising the shakedown ranges of granular materials in DEM analyses.

二元土在自然沉积物中广泛存在，并且经常受到循环荷载的影响。虽然实验室测试为其整体力学行为提供了有价值的见解，但由于实验的限制，潜在的结构演变在很大程度上仍未被探索。本文采用离散元法（DEM）研究了排水循环荷载作用下二元土的变形特性。在不同细粒含量的土壤上进行了一系列单调和循环双轴试验，涵盖了从粗颗粒控制到细颗粒控制的过渡。为了提高循环加载模拟的计算效率，采用了安定框架。结果表明，细粒含量的增加降低了粗颗粒控制结构的强度和刚度，但提高了细颗粒控制结构的强度和刚度。应力-力-织物关系的微观力学分析表明，安定行为是由切向接触力（at）的各向异性控制的：在松散试样中，安定是由残余at控制的，而在致密试样中，安定是由峰值at控制的。本工作建立了单调双轴试验的微观响应与循环双轴试验的宏观响应之间的联系。在此基础上，提出了在DEM分析中表征颗粒物料安定范围的判据。

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引用次数: 0

Inter-aggregate mixing in hetero-aggregates formulated in opposed jets fluidized bed 异集料在反向射流流化床中的混炼

IF 4.3 2区材料科学 Q2 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Particuology

Pub Date : 2025-11-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.partic.2025.10.016

Raul Favaro Nascimento , Jialin Men , Mohammed Ubaid , Björn Düsenberg , Jochen Schmidt , Andreas Bück

The mixing quality in nanoparticulate systems plays a fundamental role in the functional enhancement of advanced materials. In this study, we evaluate the effectiveness of mixing TiO₂ (rutile) and ZrO₂ (monoclinic) nanopowders using Raman mapping and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy within a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Eighteen experiments were carried out in an opposed jet fluidized bed, varying process time, mass ratio, and Laval nozzle back pressure. Raman mapping enabled spatially resolved identification of phases, while SEM/EDX provided high-resolution elemental composition. Both techniques indicated good overall inter-aggregate mixing efficiency, especially at a mass ratio of 1:1, with average Ti atomic fractions close to 0.607. Quantitative comparison showed that Raman micro spectroscopy yielded lower relative deviations from the expected values and required simpler sample preparation, making it a practical choice for assessing mixing homogeneity. Deviations from the expected compositions were more pronounced at other mass ratios (especially 1:2), likely owing to differences in particle size, density, and aggregation tendencies. Finally, in contrast to previous intra-aggregate mixing studies, the current results suggest that inter-aggregate composition tends to stabilize near equimolar proportions regardless of the initial mass ratio, highlighting self-regulating behavior at the macro scale.

纳米颗粒系统的混合质量对先进材料的功能增强起着至关重要的作用。在这项研究中，我们在扫描电子显微镜（SEM）下使用拉曼映射和能量色散x射线（EDX）光谱评估了TiO2（金红石）和ZrO2（单斜）纳米粉末混合的有效性。在不同的工艺时间、质量比和拉瓦尔喷嘴背压条件下，在对置射流流化床中进行了18次实验。拉曼映射实现了空间分辨的相识别，而SEM/EDX提供了高分辨率的元素组成。两种技术均表现出良好的整体团间混合效率，特别是在质量比为1:1时，平均Ti原子分数接近0.607。定量比较表明，拉曼光谱法与期望值的相对偏差较小，样品制备简单，是评价混合均匀性的实用选择。在其他质量比（尤其是1:2）下，与预期成分的偏差更为明显，可能是由于颗粒大小、密度和聚集趋势的差异。最后，与以往的骨料内混合研究相比，当前的研究结果表明，无论初始质量比如何，骨料间组成倾向于稳定在等摩尔比附近，突出了宏观尺度上的自我调节行为。

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引用次数: 0

Gaussian integral method for void fraction 空隙分数的高斯积分法

IF 4.3 2区材料科学 Q2 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Particuology

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.partic.2025.10.014

Alireza Kianimoqadam, Justin Lapp

A novel method, the Gaussian Integral Method (GIM), is presented for calculating void fractions in Computational Fluid Dynamics–Discrete Element Method (CFD-DEM) simulations. GIM is versatile and applicable to various grid types, including structured and unstructured polyhedral meshes, without requiring special boundary treatments. An optimization technique is introduced to make GIM independent of grid resolution and type. The method is validated against experimental data from a fluidized bed, demonstrating that GIM produces realistic simulations closely resembling experimental observations. Additionally, unstructured polyhedral grids using GIM outperform structured grids of equivalent resolution, yielding results more aligned with experimental data. The gradient of the void fraction is computed in the CFD solver and utilized in the DEM solver for precise estimation at particle locations. Overall, GIM provides an effective solution for void fraction calculations in particulate media simulations with complex geometries, enhancing the accuracy and applicability of CFD-DEM simulations for industrial processes.

提出了一种计算流体力学离散元法（CFD-DEM）模拟中空隙分数的新方法——高斯积分法（GIM）。GIM是通用的，适用于各种网格类型，包括结构化和非结构化多面体网格，不需要特殊的边界处理。引入了一种优化技术，使GIM与网格分辨率和类型无关。该方法与流化床的实验数据进行了验证，表明GIM产生了与实验观察结果非常相似的真实模拟。此外，使用GIM的非结构化多面体网格优于同等分辨率的结构化网格，产生的结果更符合实验数据。在CFD求解器中计算空隙率的梯度，并在DEM求解器中进行粒子位置的精确估计。总体而言，GIM为具有复杂几何形状的颗粒介质模拟中的空隙率计算提供了有效的解决方案，提高了CFD-DEM模拟工业过程的准确性和适用性。

引用次数: 0