Particuology最新文献_第4页

Interparticle forces and their regulation mechanisms in iron ore granulation: A review 铁矿石造粒过程中颗粒间力及其调控机制综述

IF 4.3 2区材料科学 Q2 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Particuology

Pub Date : 2025-11-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.partic.2025.11.014

Dongcai Luo, Renhao Tian, Shaoxian Xie, Yuxiao Xue, Yang You, Xuewei Lv

Iron ore granulation is a critical role in the production of sinter, with the resulting granule size distribution and strength directly influencing the permeability of the subsequent sinter bed and the quality of the sinter. Granulation involves the process of particle coalescence and growth under the influence of forces such as collision, compression, and friction, resulting in larger granules with a narrower size distribution. The inter-particle forces are governed by the properties of the iron ore, granulation equipment, and process parameters. Therefore, the appropriate granulation process and optimized configuration of iron ore plays a significant role in improving the technical and economic indicators of sintering. This paper reviews the mechanisms of particle growth during the granulation process, focusing on the microscopic interparticle forces that drive particle coalescence. A central theme of this review is to establish the critical link between these microscopic forces and the macroscopic process parameters. Therefore, it subsequently analyzes how raw material properties, equipment design, and operating conditions exert their influence precisely by regulating these interparticle forces. Finally, the paper summarizes the current challenges and future research directions in iron ore granulation. The results provide a theoretical basis for comprehensive understanding of iron ore granulation and efficient production of high-quality granules.

铁矿石造粒在烧结矿生产中起着至关重要的作用，其造粒的粒度分布和强度直接影响到后续烧结床的渗透性和烧结矿的质量。造粒是指颗粒在碰撞、压缩、摩擦等作用力的作用下，聚并生长，形成颗粒较大、粒径分布较窄的过程。颗粒间力受铁矿石性质、造粒设备和工艺参数的影响。因此，合理的制粒工艺和优化的铁矿石配置对提高烧结的技术经济指标具有重要作用。本文综述了颗粒在造粒过程中的生长机制，重点介绍了驱动颗粒聚并的微观颗粒间力。本综述的中心主题是建立这些微观力和宏观工艺参数之间的关键联系。因此，随后分析了原料性质、设备设计和操作条件如何通过调节这些粒子间力来精确地发挥其影响。最后，总结了当前铁矿石造粒面临的挑战和未来的研究方向。研究结果为全面认识铁矿石制粒和高效生产优质颗粒提供了理论依据。

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引用次数: 0

Numerical investigation of lunar dust particle deposition in human terminal alveoli 月尘颗粒在人体末端肺泡沉积的数值研究

IF 4.3 2区材料科学 Q2 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Particuology

Pub Date : 2025-11-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.partic.2025.11.015

Jintao Wang , Bin Wu , Yuan Xue , Hao Jing , Xinguang Cui

To ensure the health and safety of astronauts during future manned lunar missions, it is critical to understand the transport and deposition of lunar dust (LD) particles in the terminal alveoli. This study employs computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to investigate the deposition characteristics of LD particles, considering factors such as particle size, activity intensity, and body posture. The key findings are: (1) The deposition characteristics of LD particles differ significantly across various activity intensities, with higher activity levels resulting in earlier onset and shorter duration of deposition. (2) The distributions and rates of deposited particles on the alveolar wall vary with different body postures. Specifically, transitioning from a head-up to a head-down posture leads to a reduction of 4.51 times in deposition time. (3) A predictive equation has been developed that effectively estimates LD particle deposition in the terminal alveoli by accounting for particle size, activity level, and body posture. In conclusion, LD particles display diverse deposition characteristics in the terminal alveoli, which can be accurately predicted using an appropriate fitting equation. The findings of this study may significantly enhance astronaut safety and well-being during future manned space exploration missions.

为了确保未来载人登月任务中宇航员的健康和安全，了解月尘颗粒在终端肺泡中的运输和沉积是至关重要的。本研究采用计算流体力学（CFD）研究LD颗粒的沉积特征，考虑颗粒大小、活动强度和身体姿势等因素。结果表明：(1)不同活性强度下LD颗粒的沉积特征存在显著差异，活性水平越高，沉积开始时间越早，沉积持续时间越短；(2)肺泡壁上沉积颗粒的分布和速率随体位的不同而不同。具体来说，从平头姿势转变为平头向下姿势，沉积时间减少了4.51倍。(3)建立了一个预测方程，通过考虑颗粒大小、活动水平和身体姿势，有效地估计LD颗粒在终末肺泡中的沉积。综上所述，LD颗粒在终末肺泡中表现出不同的沉积特征，可以通过合适的拟合方程准确预测。本研究结果可能会显著提高未来载人航天探索任务中宇航员的安全和福祉。

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引用次数: 0

Numerical simulation on the reaction characteristics of a coal-water slurry particle during entrained-flow gasification process 带流气化过程中水煤浆颗粒反应特性的数值模拟

IF 4.3 2区材料科学 Q2 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Particuology

Pub Date : 2025-11-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.partic.2025.11.012

Yan Gong , Bo Zhao , Wenjing Zhao , Xuning Wang , Qinghua Guo , Yifei Wang , Jin Bai , Guangsuo Yu

Gasification technology serves as the cornerstone of the modern coal chemical industry. High-temperature particles in entrained-flow gasifiers act as the primary reaction medium, whose reactivity is inherently dependent on particle size, porosity, and local reaction environment. Current experimental investigations on particles within gasifiers predominantly rely on visualization systems, yet face significant challenges in precise particle tracking and quantitative analysis, particularly in diagnosing volatile release processes. This study employed computational fluid dynamics (CFD) numerical simulations to develop a multiphase model to isolate single particle behavior from bulk particle group during coupled combustion-gasification process of coal-water slurry (CWS). Discrete coal particle models with varying configurations were developed to compare reaction characteristics between isolated and interacting particles, while analyzing temperature fields and reaction rate distributions across three porosity levels. Verification demonstrated that the implemented models effectively described the reaction characteristics of coal particles. Results reveal strong correlation between the temperature field distribution and the volatile molar fraction in CWS particle, with H₂, H₂O, and CO accumulation observed at particle cores. Coupling effects of heat and mass transfer between particles significantly influence reaction rates and thermal profiles, governed by the particle spacing and heat/mass transfer efficiency, whereas the effects of porosity remain relatively minor.

气化技术是现代煤化工的基石。带流气化炉中的高温颗粒是主要的反应介质，其反应活性本质上取决于颗粒的大小、孔隙率和局部反应环境。目前对气化炉内颗粒的实验研究主要依赖于可视化系统，但在精确的颗粒跟踪和定量分析方面面临着重大挑战，特别是在诊断挥发性释放过程方面。本文采用计算流体力学（CFD）数值模拟方法，建立了分离水煤浆燃烧-气化耦合过程中单颗粒行为和体颗粒群行为的多相模型。建立了具有不同结构的离散煤颗粒模型，以比较分离颗粒和相互作用颗粒之间的反应特性，同时分析了三种孔隙度水平下的温度场和反应速率分布。验证表明，所实现的模型有效地描述了煤颗粒的反应特性。结果表明，温度场分布与水煤浆颗粒的挥发性摩尔分数有较强的相关性，颗粒核心处有H2、H2O和CO的积累。颗粒之间的传热传质耦合效应显著影响反应速率和热剖面，受颗粒间距和传热传质效率的控制，而孔隙度的影响相对较小。

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引用次数: 0

Mechanistic analysis of drag force model for carbon nanotube fluidized bed based on CFD-DEM with multiscale analysis 基于多尺度CFD-DEM的碳纳米管流化床阻力模型机理分析

IF 4.3 2区材料科学 Q2 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Particuology

Pub Date : 2025-11-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.partic.2025.11.011

Chenyu Gao , Xijun Zhang , Peng Wang , Yan Li , Dianming Chu , Wenjuan Bai , Yan He

This study investigates the fluidization of aggregative carbon nanotubes (CNTs) by integrating the computational fluid dynamics-discrete element method (CFD-DEM) with a novel multiscale analysis framework. Systematic comparisons with high-speed imaging experiments reveal that Gidaspow model's piecewise formulation delivers optimal simulation performance in the dense-dilute transition zone, but it overestimates the stable fluidization pressure drop by 19.7 % due to the Ergun equation's overprediction of viscous dissipation. Furthermore, multiscale analysis demonstrates that system-averaged particle energy (kinetic, gravitational potential, and rotational energy) nonlinearly modulates reactor-scale fluidization uniformity (R²=0.6901–0.8570). This paper elucidates the underlying mechanisms behind the discrepancies in simulation results among various traditional drag models, thereby providing mechanistic insights and data-driven guidance for model selection in laboratory-scale simulations of particle fluidization.

本研究将计算流体力学-离散元法（CFD-DEM）与一种新的多尺度分析框架相结合，研究了聚集体碳纳米管（CNTs）的流态化。与高速成像实验的系统比较表明，Gidaspow模型分段公式在浓-稀过渡区具有最佳的模拟性能，但由于Ergun方程对黏性耗散的过度预测，使得Gidaspow模型对稳定流化压降高估了19.7%。此外，多尺度分析表明，系统平均粒子能量（动能、重力势和转动能）非线性调节反应器尺度流化均匀性（R2= 0.6901-0.8570）。本文阐明了各种传统阻力模型模拟结果差异背后的潜在机制，从而为颗粒流化实验室规模模拟中的模型选择提供机理见解和数据驱动指导。

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引用次数: 0

Identification of scaling law for supercritical water fluidized bed reactors via CFD and data-driven approach 基于CFD和数据驱动方法的超临界水流化床反应器结垢规律辨识

IF 4.3 2区材料科学 Q2 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Particuology

Pub Date : 2025-11-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.partic.2025.11.010

Bingcheng Wang, Hui Jin, Haozhe Su, Liejin Guo

Supercritical water fluidized bed reactors (SCWFBRs) offer significant potential for large-scale hydrogen production, but their scale-up process remains challenging. Traditional scaling laws, such as Glicksman's sets, simplify or omit interphase and interparticle closure terms in conservation equations, limiting applicability under supercritical water conditions. To address this, a data-driven approach is proposed to develop a modified scaling law for SCWFBRs. A dataset was generated from two-fluid model (TFM) simulations across diverse operating conditions and reactor scales. Dimensional analysis, combined with a multi-layer perceptron (MLP) and a pattern search method, was then applied to identify a composite dimensionless number representing interaction closure terms in two-phase momentum equations. This number, together with dimensionless numbers derived from other momentum terms, was refined via XGBoost and backward stepwise feature selection to preserve essential design degrees of freedom, yielding the modified scaling law. Validation against key hydrodynamic indicators, including pressure drop fluctuations, particle volume fraction, and particle axial velocity, demonstrated that the modified law consistently outperforms Glicksman's criteria for both Geldart A and B particles, with the extent of improvement varying between particle types under a tenfold scale-up. These results highlight the importance of accounting for interphase and interparticle interactions in SCWFBRs and indicate that the data-driven approach is an effective tool for reactor design and scale-up.

超临界水流化床反应器（SCWFBRs）为大规模制氢提供了巨大的潜力，但其放大过程仍然具有挑战性。传统的标度定律，如Glicksman集，简化或省略了守恒方程中的相间和粒间闭合项，限制了在超临界水条件下的适用性。为了解决这个问题，提出了一种数据驱动的方法来开发一个改进的scwfbr标度律。通过不同操作条件和反应器规模的双流体模型（TFM）模拟生成数据集。然后，将量纲分析与多层感知器（MLP）和模式搜索方法相结合，用于识别两相动量方程中表示相互作用闭合项的复合无因次数。通过XGBoost和向后逐步特征选择来细化该数字，以及从其他动量项导出的无量纲数字，以保留基本的设计自由度，从而产生修改后的标度律。对关键流体动力学指标（包括压降波动、颗粒体积分数和颗粒轴向速度）的验证表明，改进后的定律始终优于Glicksman对Geldart A和B颗粒的标准，在10倍放大的情况下，不同颗粒类型的改进程度有所不同。这些结果强调了在scwfbr中考虑间相和粒子间相互作用的重要性，并表明数据驱动方法是反应堆设计和扩大规模的有效工具。

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引用次数: 0

Simulation study on gas-liquid-solid multiphase flow characteristics and erosion mechanism in a natural gas bend 天然气弯管内气液固多相流动特性及冲蚀机理仿真研究

IF 4.3 2区材料科学 Q2 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Particuology

Pub Date : 2025-11-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.partic.2025.11.006

Hua Chen , Shuyan Wang , Yansheng Chen , Xiaoxue Jiang , Nuo Ding , Baoli Shao , Xuewen Wang

In the process of natural gas exploitation and transportation, the problem of pipeline erosion and wear due to gas-liquid-solid three-phase flow is widespread. The repetitive impact of sand particles against the pipe wall results in the weakening of the wall surface, and the consequences are perforation or even leakage, posing a significant risk to both production and the environment. In this study, the volume of fluid (VOF) multiphase flow model in conjunction with the discrete phase model (DPM) is employed to simulate the particle flow behavior of gas-liquid-solid multiphase flow in vertical-horizontal elbow. Furthermore, the erosion behavior of multiphase flow in the elbow is studied by means of the Oka model. The predicted void fraction of gas and erosion rate are in good agreement with the experimental results measured by Parsi et al. Furthermore, the influence laws of liquid film, gas velocity, particle size and particle mass flow rate on elbow erosion have been obtained. The findings indicate that the existence of liquid film enhances the resistance of particles, curtails the erosion rate, and exerts a buffering effect on erosion. The gas velocity and the Stokes number rise, prompting the particles to deviate from the fluid streamline and their collision velocity to augment. While the inertia force of the particles intensifies, and the buffering impact of the liquid film diminishes with an increase of the particle size. Also, the variation trend in the number of particles is in line with the probability of collision and the size of the collision region.

在天然气开采和运输过程中，气-液-固三相流动引起的管道冲蚀磨损问题普遍存在。砂粒对管壁的反复冲击导致管壁表面的弱化，其后果是射孔甚至泄漏，对生产和环境都构成重大风险。本研究采用流体体积（VOF）多相流模型结合离散相模型（DPM）模拟了气液固多相流在垂直-水平弯头中的颗粒流动行为。在此基础上，利用Oka模型研究了弯头内多相流的冲刷行为。预测的气体孔隙率和侵蚀速率与Parsi等人的实验结果吻合较好。此外，还得到了液膜、气速、颗粒尺寸和颗粒质量流量对弯管侵蚀的影响规律。结果表明，液膜的存在增强了颗粒的阻力，降低了侵蚀速率，对侵蚀有缓冲作用。气体速度和斯托克斯数上升，促使粒子偏离流体流线，碰撞速度增大。随着颗粒尺寸的增大，颗粒的惯性力增强，液膜的缓冲作用减弱。粒子数的变化趋势与碰撞概率和碰撞区域的大小一致。

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引用次数: 0

Hydrodynamics of pressurized cohesive fluidized beds: A CFD-DEM study 加压黏合流化床流体动力学：CFD-DEM研究

IF 4.3 2区材料科学 Q2 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Particuology

Pub Date : 2025-11-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.partic.2025.11.007

Zhiyong Jia , Xiankun Shen , Xiaocheng Lan , Tiefeng Wang

The combined effects of operating pressure and interparticle cohesion on fluidization behavior remain a practical yet insufficiently explored topic. This study employs the CFD-DEM approach to investigate the impact of van der Waals force and operating pressure on fluidization hydrodynamics, focusing on bubble dynamics, pressure drop fluctuations, and particle-scale characteristics. It was observed that the fluidization regime transitions from stable bubbling to slugging when the Bond number (Bo) exceeds 2.4 under atmospheric pressure, whereas elevated pressures effectively mitigate the disruptive influence of cohesion and stabilize bubbling behavior. Moreover, while the bubble size decreases by about 20% as Bo increases from 0 to 5.6 under atmospheric pressure, it remains nearly unchanged with Bo at elevated pressures. The standard deviation of pressure drop fluctuations decreases, whereas the average frequency increases with rising cohesion under atmospheric pressure. Once again, increased pressures counteract these effects. Further analysis reveals that elevated pressure enhances the gas-holding capacity of the emulsion phase, leading to a 74% reduction in average cohesion force as pressure rises from 1 to 80 bar. The enhanced gas-solid interactions, evidenced by the increased drag coefficients, provides a physical perspective for understanding the counteracting effects of elevated pressures on cohesion.

操作压力和颗粒间内聚对流化行为的综合影响仍然是一个实际但尚未充分探索的课题。本研究采用CFD-DEM方法研究了范德华力和操作压力对流化流体动力学的影响，重点研究了气泡动力学、压降波动和颗粒尺度特征。在常压下，当键数（Bo）超过2.4时，流态化由稳定鼓泡过渡到段塞流态化，而高压可以有效地减轻内聚的破坏性影响，稳定鼓泡行为。在常压下，当Bo从0增加到5.6时，气泡大小减小约20%，而在高压下，气泡大小与Bo基本保持不变。大气压下，随着内聚力的增加，压降波动的标准差减小，而平均频率增大。压力的增加又一次抵消了这些影响。进一步分析表明，升高的压力增强了乳状液相的持气能力，当压力从1 bar上升到80 bar时，平均黏结力降低了74%。阻力系数的增加证明了气固相互作用的增强，这为理解高压对内聚的抵消作用提供了一个物理视角。

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引用次数: 0

Mapping strategies for unresolved CFD-DEM modeling of fluid-solid flows: Latest developments and perspectives 未解决的CFD-DEM流固流建模的映射策略：最新发展和观点

IF 4.3 2区材料科学 Q2 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Particuology

Pub Date : 2025-11-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.partic.2025.11.008

Lianyong Zhou , Zhongmei Li , Zheng-Hong Luo , Li-Tao Zhu

The accurate transfer of discrete particle information to continuum Eulerian fields, known as mapping or coarse-graining, plays a critical role in unresolved CFD-DEM modeling, governing both numerical stability and physical fidelity. Over the years, a variety of strategies have been proposed, spanning from local methods such as the satellite point scheme to non-local approaches based on kernel functions, diffusion, or hybrid formulations. Each method balances trade-offs between smoothness, conservation, computational efficiency, and applicability to complex grid configurations or non-spherical particles. This perspective summarizes the general methodology, representative implementations, and typical applications of existing mapping algorithms, and analyzes their respective merits and limitations. Particular attention is given to challenges associated with small grid-to-particle size ratios, irregular geometries, computational costs, and multi-physics coupling. Emerging directions, including adaptive and hybrid schemes, consistency with turbulence modeling, extensions to polydisperse and non-spherical particles, and machine learning-aided mapping acceleration, are discussed. Continued efforts in these areas promise to improve the robustness, accuracy, and scalability of CFD-DEM simulations, ultimately enabling more generalized and reliable modeling of complex multiphase flows in both research and industrial applications.

将离散粒子信息准确地传递到连续欧拉场，即映射或粗粒化，在未解析的CFD-DEM建模中起着关键作用，控制着数值稳定性和物理保真度。多年来，已经提出了各种策略，从局部方法（如卫星点方案）到基于核函数、扩散或混合公式的非局部方法。每种方法都在平滑性、守恒性、计算效率以及对复杂网格结构或非球形粒子的适用性之间进行了权衡。本观点总结了现有映射算法的一般方法、代表性实现和典型应用，并分析了它们各自的优点和局限性。特别关注与小网格与颗粒尺寸比、不规则几何形状、计算成本和多物理场耦合相关的挑战。讨论了新兴方向，包括自适应和混合方案，与湍流建模的一致性，扩展到多分散和非球形粒子，以及机器学习辅助的映射加速。在这些领域的持续努力有望提高CFD-DEM模拟的鲁棒性、准确性和可扩展性，最终在研究和工业应用中实现更广泛、更可靠的复杂多相流建模。

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引用次数: 0

Fast synthesis of TS-1 on porous glass beads in a microreactor for cyclohexanone ammoximation 微反应器中多孔玻璃微珠快速合成TS-1用于环己酮氨氧化

IF 4.3 2区材料科学 Q2 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Particuology

Pub Date : 2025-11-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.partic.2025.11.004

Liping Zhao , Chun Shen , Guangsheng Luo

Supported small TS-1 particles are important catalysts in the ammoximation of ketones, but still facing challenges such as agglomeration in the reaction system and long synthesis time. In this work, we report the fast synthesis of small TS-1 particles supported on porous glass beads in a microreactor. Short crystallization time of only 1.5 h is needed for the synthesis of TS-1 particles with the mean size of ∼200 nm. Effects of aging time, size of the microchannel, sol/support mass ratio, crystallization temperature, and surface areas of the porous glass beads on the morphology and catalytic performance for ammoximation of cyclohexanone have been studied systematically. The as-synthesized supported TS-1 catalyst achieved 82.4 % cyclohexanone conversion and >99 % selectivity to cyclohexanone oxime after reaction at 353 K for only 20 min, and the conversion rises to 97.6 % if the duration prolongs to 40 min, outperforming the commercial TS-1 catalyst and supported TS-1 catalyst synthesized in an autoclave (crystallized for 48 h).

负载型TS-1小颗粒是酮类氨肟化反应的重要催化剂，但存在反应体系团聚、合成时间长等问题。在这项工作中，我们报道了在微反应器中快速合成支持在多孔玻璃珠上的TS-1小颗粒。合成TS-1的晶化时间仅为1.5 h，平均粒径为~ 200 nm。系统地研究了老化时间、微通道尺寸、溶胶/载体质量比、结晶温度和多孔玻璃珠的表面积对环己酮氨肟化反应的形貌和催化性能的影响。合成的负载型TS-1催化剂在353k条件下反应20 min，环己酮转化率达到82.4%，对环己酮肟的选择性达到99%，反应时间延长至40 min，转化率达到97.6%，优于工业TS-1催化剂和在高压釜中结晶48 h的负载型TS-1催化剂。

引用次数: 0

Promoting simulation reliability for burden distribution of blast furnace: Parameters measurement and calibration of lump ores 提高高炉炉料分布模拟可靠性：块状矿石参数测量与标定

IF 4.3 2区材料科学 Q2 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Particuology

Pub Date : 2025-11-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.partic.2025.11.009

Runpei Wei, Yu Liu, Hao Wu, Zile Peng, Yue Kang, Qingguo Xue, Haibin Zuo

With the increasing proportion of low-carbon burden, represented by lump ores, charged into blast furnaces, the lack of fundamental physical property parameters became a key constraint on in-depth research of burden distribution through numerical simulation. In this study, the intrinsic and contact parameters of lump ores were systematically investigated for the first time. Two typical types, hematite and limonite, which are the most commonly used lump ores in blast furnaces, were selected as the research objects. The intrinsic parameters of the two lump ores, including density, Poisson's ratio, and elastic modulus, were determined according to standard testing methods. Physical experiments were designed to measure contact parameters, through which the coefficients of rolling friction, static friction, and restitution between lump ores, as well as between each ore and steel plate or cement board, were obtained. Parameter calibration was subsequently carried out using discrete element method simulations, ultimately obtaining the representative values for these physical parameters. This study laid the foundation for accurate simulation of lump ore granular motion in ironmaking processes. The methodologies developed or refined in this study have significantly reduced the difficulty of obtaining relevant parameters and avoided the use of data lacking actual physical meaning.

随着以块状矿石为代表的低碳炉料进入高炉的比例越来越大，缺乏基本的物性参数成为通过数值模拟深入研究炉料分布的关键制约因素。本文首次对块状矿石的本征参数和接触参数进行了系统研究。选取高炉中最常用的块状矿石赤铁矿和褐铁矿两种典型类型作为研究对象。根据标准试验方法测定了两种块状矿石的密度、泊松比和弹性模量等内在参数。设计物理实验测量接触参数，通过接触参数获得块状矿石之间、每块矿石与钢板或水泥板之间的滚动摩擦系数、静摩擦系数和恢复系数。随后使用离散元法模拟进行参数校准，最终获得这些物理参数的代表性值。该研究为准确模拟块状矿石在炼铁过程中的颗粒运动奠定了基础。本研究开发或改进的方法大大降低了获取相关参数的难度，避免了使用缺乏实际物理意义的数据。

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引用次数: 0