Pub Date : 1996-10-13DOI: 10.1109/ICECS.1996.584488
C. Hui, T. J. Ding, J. McCanny, Roger Francis Woods
Describes how worst-case error analysis can be applied to solve some of the practical issues in the development and implementation of a low power, high performance radix-4 FFT chip for digital video applications. The chip has been fabricated using a 0.6 /spl mu/m CMOS technology and can perform a 64 point complex forward or inverse FFT on real-time video at up to 18 Megasamples per second. It comprises 0.5 million transistors in a die area of 7.8/spl times/8 mm/sup 2/ and dissipates IW, leading to a cost-effective silicon solution for high quality video processing applications. The analysis focuses on the effect that different radix-4 architectural configurations and finite wordlengths has on the FFT output dynamic range. These issues are addressed using both mathematical error models and through extensive simulation.
{"title":"Error analysis of FFT architectures for digital video applications","authors":"C. Hui, T. J. Ding, J. McCanny, Roger Francis Woods","doi":"10.1109/ICECS.1996.584488","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICECS.1996.584488","url":null,"abstract":"Describes how worst-case error analysis can be applied to solve some of the practical issues in the development and implementation of a low power, high performance radix-4 FFT chip for digital video applications. The chip has been fabricated using a 0.6 /spl mu/m CMOS technology and can perform a 64 point complex forward or inverse FFT on real-time video at up to 18 Megasamples per second. It comprises 0.5 million transistors in a die area of 7.8/spl times/8 mm/sup 2/ and dissipates IW, leading to a cost-effective silicon solution for high quality video processing applications. The analysis focuses on the effect that different radix-4 architectural configurations and finite wordlengths has on the FFT output dynamic range. These issues are addressed using both mathematical error models and through extensive simulation.","PeriodicalId":402369,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of Third International Conference on Electronics, Circuits, and Systems","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114486294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1996-10-13DOI: 10.1109/ICECS.1996.582814
S. Jimaa, B. Woodward
The paper is concerned with serial data transmission at a rate of 9600 bit/s over a telephone channel containing a 32 kbit/s Adaptive Differential Pulse Code Modulation (ADPCM) link. The transmitted data signal is a 2400 baud 16-level (QAM) signal. The ADPCM link introduces time varying and at times severe nonlinear distortion into the data signal. The two correction schemes described, known here as system A and system B, operate by attempting to correct the nonlinear distortion. The correction may be applied either at the transmitter or at the receiver, and in either case it may operate on the baseband or on the bandpass signal. The most promising scheme studied operates on the received bandpass signal at the receiver. Results of computer simulation tests are presented. Some tests use a decision feedback equalizer and others use a near-maximum likelihood detector at the receiver. The results show that the most significant improvement can be gained by using system A with the near-maximum likelihood detector.
{"title":"Two correction schemes for the minimization of the severe non-linear distortion introduced by an ADPCM link","authors":"S. Jimaa, B. Woodward","doi":"10.1109/ICECS.1996.582814","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICECS.1996.582814","url":null,"abstract":"The paper is concerned with serial data transmission at a rate of 9600 bit/s over a telephone channel containing a 32 kbit/s Adaptive Differential Pulse Code Modulation (ADPCM) link. The transmitted data signal is a 2400 baud 16-level (QAM) signal. The ADPCM link introduces time varying and at times severe nonlinear distortion into the data signal. The two correction schemes described, known here as system A and system B, operate by attempting to correct the nonlinear distortion. The correction may be applied either at the transmitter or at the receiver, and in either case it may operate on the baseband or on the bandpass signal. The most promising scheme studied operates on the received bandpass signal at the receiver. Results of computer simulation tests are presented. Some tests use a decision feedback equalizer and others use a near-maximum likelihood detector at the receiver. The results show that the most significant improvement can be gained by using system A with the near-maximum likelihood detector.","PeriodicalId":402369,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of Third International Conference on Electronics, Circuits, and Systems","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122542476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1996-10-13DOI: 10.1109/ICECS.1996.582938
F. Koumboulis, M. G. Skarpetis
The roll angle, the yaw angle and the side-slip position of test aircraft in electromagnetic wind tunnels, are independently controlled. The problem is proven to be always solvable by applying a static state feedback law involving aerodynamic and electromagnetic variables. The general forms of the static controllers, solving the problem, as well as the resulting closed loop system, are derived. The stability of the closed loop is guaranteed.
{"title":"Controller design for lateral manoeuvres in electromagnetic wind tunnels","authors":"F. Koumboulis, M. G. Skarpetis","doi":"10.1109/ICECS.1996.582938","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICECS.1996.582938","url":null,"abstract":"The roll angle, the yaw angle and the side-slip position of test aircraft in electromagnetic wind tunnels, are independently controlled. The problem is proven to be always solvable by applying a static state feedback law involving aerodynamic and electromagnetic variables. The general forms of the static controllers, solving the problem, as well as the resulting closed loop system, are derived. The stability of the closed loop is guaranteed.","PeriodicalId":402369,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of Third International Conference on Electronics, Circuits, and Systems","volume":"101 7","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120977484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1996-10-13DOI: 10.1109/ICECS.1996.582878
J. Giglmayr, Jens Güther
The generation of arbitrary permutations (/spl equiv/rearrangeable-nonblocking interconnections) by 2-D multistage architectures with nearest-neighbours interconnected switches is analysed. Two different networks are presented and their relationship is shown by means of a transformation.
{"title":"Generation of permutations with nearest-neighbour interconnected switches","authors":"J. Giglmayr, Jens Güther","doi":"10.1109/ICECS.1996.582878","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICECS.1996.582878","url":null,"abstract":"The generation of arbitrary permutations (/spl equiv/rearrangeable-nonblocking interconnections) by 2-D multistage architectures with nearest-neighbours interconnected switches is analysed. Two different networks are presented and their relationship is shown by means of a transformation.","PeriodicalId":402369,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of Third International Conference on Electronics, Circuits, and Systems","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127700578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1996-10-13DOI: 10.1109/ICECS.1996.584567
H. El-Gendy
In this paper, we present a formal specification of CSTA, a protocol interface that links the telecommunications and data processing environments to support a variety of distributed telecommunications applications. We specify it in SDL, the ITU/TSS (formerly, CCITT) standard description technique for telecommunications protocols and distributed systems. In CSTA, an application is a cooperative process between a telecommunications switching function and computing function. It is presented to the user as a single function providing enhanced services. The switching function and the computing function are typically distributed among a telecommunications network and a computer network. The interface allows flexible creation of new telecommunications services and applications. It allows computer users and applications to invoke telecommunications services on the switch. The interface protocol has applications in Intelligent Networks, Customization of Telecommunications Services, Multimedia Communications, and Universal Personalized Communications.
{"title":"Towards SDL specification of a European OSI-application layer protocol interface for wired personalized communications and distributed multimedia applications","authors":"H. El-Gendy","doi":"10.1109/ICECS.1996.584567","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICECS.1996.584567","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we present a formal specification of CSTA, a protocol interface that links the telecommunications and data processing environments to support a variety of distributed telecommunications applications. We specify it in SDL, the ITU/TSS (formerly, CCITT) standard description technique for telecommunications protocols and distributed systems. In CSTA, an application is a cooperative process between a telecommunications switching function and computing function. It is presented to the user as a single function providing enhanced services. The switching function and the computing function are typically distributed among a telecommunications network and a computer network. The interface allows flexible creation of new telecommunications services and applications. It allows computer users and applications to invoke telecommunications services on the switch. The interface protocol has applications in Intelligent Networks, Customization of Telecommunications Services, Multimedia Communications, and Universal Personalized Communications.","PeriodicalId":402369,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of Third International Conference on Electronics, Circuits, and Systems","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127703197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1996-10-13DOI: 10.1109/ICECS.1996.584445
G. Arslan, F. Gürgen, F. A. Sakarya
This study presents an application of a feedforward neural network (NN) structure to the bearing estimation problem. Using N snapshots from M sensors, the NN estimates the sensor-to-sensor propagation delays, which yield the far-field source location. The proposed network has only one output, which is the direction-of-arrival (DOA) angle. Thus, the network does not require any preprocessing. The NN buffers the sensor data, treats them as multidimensional delayed patterns and gives the location of a sinusoidal signal source in a noisy environment as output. Networks with various hidden nodes are tried with various sensor and snapshot numbers to find the best performance network structure. The effect of intersensor spacing on the performance is investigated. Using the best performance giving structure, the network is trained with various signal to noise ratios (SNRs) and then tested for various SNR levels.
{"title":"Application of neural networks to bearing estimation","authors":"G. Arslan, F. Gürgen, F. A. Sakarya","doi":"10.1109/ICECS.1996.584445","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICECS.1996.584445","url":null,"abstract":"This study presents an application of a feedforward neural network (NN) structure to the bearing estimation problem. Using N snapshots from M sensors, the NN estimates the sensor-to-sensor propagation delays, which yield the far-field source location. The proposed network has only one output, which is the direction-of-arrival (DOA) angle. Thus, the network does not require any preprocessing. The NN buffers the sensor data, treats them as multidimensional delayed patterns and gives the location of a sinusoidal signal source in a noisy environment as output. Networks with various hidden nodes are tried with various sensor and snapshot numbers to find the best performance network structure. The effect of intersensor spacing on the performance is investigated. Using the best performance giving structure, the network is trained with various signal to noise ratios (SNRs) and then tested for various SNR levels.","PeriodicalId":402369,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of Third International Conference on Electronics, Circuits, and Systems","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131620939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1996-10-13DOI: 10.1109/ICECS.1996.584629
R. Fried, Z. Azmanov
A low-power Digital PLL (DPLL) with +/-100 ps jitter and one cycle frequency lock-in time is presented. It is used to generate clock frequencies up to 100 MHz using a 32,768 Hz reference clock. The DPLL is especially designed for advanced power management and performance enhancement, both at a chip level and system level.
{"title":"Low-power digital PLL with one cycle frequency lock-in time and large frequency-multiplication factor for advanced power management","authors":"R. Fried, Z. Azmanov","doi":"10.1109/ICECS.1996.584629","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICECS.1996.584629","url":null,"abstract":"A low-power Digital PLL (DPLL) with +/-100 ps jitter and one cycle frequency lock-in time is presented. It is used to generate clock frequencies up to 100 MHz using a 32,768 Hz reference clock. The DPLL is especially designed for advanced power management and performance enhancement, both at a chip level and system level.","PeriodicalId":402369,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of Third International Conference on Electronics, Circuits, and Systems","volume":"128 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113970038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1996-10-13DOI: 10.1109/ICECS.1996.582655
J. Bormans, S. Vernalde, J. Cornelis, I. Bolsens, H. Man
Region-Oriented Compression (ROC) is a computation intensive emerging technique for very low bitrate image and video coding. The design of a Hilbert fractal codec, a key-component for ROC of color images, is discussed. The implementation efficiency of the codec is critical since it determines the feasibility of the global compression scheme. We discuss the role of the Hilbert fractal codec in the global codec scheme and the high-level design methodology that leads to a successful implementation of the codec design.
{"title":"A Hilbert fractal codec for region oriented compression of color images","authors":"J. Bormans, S. Vernalde, J. Cornelis, I. Bolsens, H. Man","doi":"10.1109/ICECS.1996.582655","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICECS.1996.582655","url":null,"abstract":"Region-Oriented Compression (ROC) is a computation intensive emerging technique for very low bitrate image and video coding. The design of a Hilbert fractal codec, a key-component for ROC of color images, is discussed. The implementation efficiency of the codec is critical since it determines the feasibility of the global compression scheme. We discuss the role of the Hilbert fractal codec in the global codec scheme and the high-level design methodology that leads to a successful implementation of the codec design.","PeriodicalId":402369,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of Third International Conference on Electronics, Circuits, and Systems","volume":"40 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114023450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1996-10-13DOI: 10.1109/ICECS.1996.584514
C. Chamzas
Adaptive filters find applications in many areas of signal processing and echo cancellation is one of them. It has been observed that, due to non-linearities inherent in the implementation, echo cancelers can diverge when their input is periodic. In this paper we examine the behaviour of adaptive filters in the presence of periodic inputs and provide a theoretical explanation and conditions for a potential exponential divergence.
{"title":"Adaptive filtering and periodic inputs: conditions for an exponential divergence","authors":"C. Chamzas","doi":"10.1109/ICECS.1996.584514","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICECS.1996.584514","url":null,"abstract":"Adaptive filters find applications in many areas of signal processing and echo cancellation is one of them. It has been observed that, due to non-linearities inherent in the implementation, echo cancelers can diverge when their input is periodic. In this paper we examine the behaviour of adaptive filters in the presence of periodic inputs and provide a theoretical explanation and conditions for a potential exponential divergence.","PeriodicalId":402369,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of Third International Conference on Electronics, Circuits, and Systems","volume":"85 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122639496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1996-10-13DOI: 10.1109/ICECS.1996.582772
S. Tsekeridou, Constantine Kotropoulos, L. Pitas
A novel extension of the classical signal-adaptive median filter (SAM) is proposed in this paper. It is the so-called morphological signal-adaptive median filter (MSAM). Two modifications are introduced in the SAM filter aiming at: (1) enhancing SAM impulse detection mechanism so that it detects not only impulses of a constant amplitude but randomly-valued impulses as well, (2) employing an anisotropic window adaptation based on binary morphological erosions/dilations with predefined structuring sets. Performance results are reported by evaluating both objective criteria (e.g. SNR, MAE) and subjective criteria (e.g, the perceived quality of the filtered images). The proposed MSAM filter outperforms the classical SAM filter in all cases.
{"title":"Morphological signal adaptive median filter for noise removal","authors":"S. Tsekeridou, Constantine Kotropoulos, L. Pitas","doi":"10.1109/ICECS.1996.582772","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICECS.1996.582772","url":null,"abstract":"A novel extension of the classical signal-adaptive median filter (SAM) is proposed in this paper. It is the so-called morphological signal-adaptive median filter (MSAM). Two modifications are introduced in the SAM filter aiming at: (1) enhancing SAM impulse detection mechanism so that it detects not only impulses of a constant amplitude but randomly-valued impulses as well, (2) employing an anisotropic window adaptation based on binary morphological erosions/dilations with predefined structuring sets. Performance results are reported by evaluating both objective criteria (e.g. SNR, MAE) and subjective criteria (e.g, the perceived quality of the filtered images). The proposed MSAM filter outperforms the classical SAM filter in all cases.","PeriodicalId":402369,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of Third International Conference on Electronics, Circuits, and Systems","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127864198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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