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Model Development to Determine Optimal Drugs Inventory in Indonesia Public Health Services 印度尼西亚公共卫生服务中确定最佳药物库存的模型开发
I. M. Hakim, Wafa Makhasha Ulfah
This research discusses the management of drug inventory in a regional public hospital in Indonesia that is carried out to support the government's target regarding 95% of inventory in hospitals and health centers has to be fulfilled. The object hospital of this research also has two main targets in the drugs inventory management, namely quality control and cost control, both of which can be achieved by the efficient management of the drug inventory. One of the strategies to obtain it is to plan an efficient decision on the quantity (Q) of ordered drugs and the order time (T) to achieve minimum total cost of the drugs inventory management and the demand for drugs from patients is fulfilled. The hospital is important to carry out drug inventory management since the nature of this product is easily expired, storing excessive amounts of drugs could lead to deadstock. On the other hand, having shortages of drugs could be very dangerous for the patient who needed it. The method applied in this research is the ABC classification to determine the level of drug usage within one year and Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) to obtain the minimum cost of the drugs inventory management. The results of this research are 50 types of drugs that categorized as category A from 526 drugs in the hospital, quantity of order (Q) of drugs, arrival lead time of drugs (T), the total cost of the 10 drugs inventory management from classification A which was reduced by IDR36.899.512 from the actual conditions, and this research also comparing the results of two mathematical models that consider and do not consider the drug expiration factors.
本研究讨论了印度尼西亚一家区域公立医院的药品库存管理,该管理旨在支持政府关于医院和保健中心95%库存必须实现的目标。本研究的对象医院在药品库存管理中也有两个主要目标,即质量控制和成本控制,通过对药品库存的有效管理可以实现质量控制和成本控制。实现这一目标的策略之一是对订购药品的数量(Q)和订购时间(T)进行有效的决策,以实现药品库存管理的总成本最小,并满足患者的药品需求。医院进行药品库存管理很重要,因为该产品的性质容易过期,储存过量的药品会导致库存积压。另一方面,药物短缺对需要药物的病人来说是非常危险的。本研究采用ABC分类法确定一年内的药品使用水平,采用混合整数线性规划(MILP)方法获得药品库存管理的最小成本。本研究的结果是医院526种药品中被分类为A类的50种药品,药品订单量(Q),药品到货提前期(T), A类10种药品库存管理总成本较实际情况减少IDR36.899.512,并比较考虑和不考虑药品过期因素的两种数学模型的结果。
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引用次数: 4
Optimization Model of Truck Utilization to Minimize Outbound Logistics Cost 最小化出站物流成本的货车利用率优化模型
I. M. Hakim, Firani Maussandy H. Abbas
The increasing market trend in the FMCG industry in Indonesia causes an increase in the volume of goods that must be sent to customers. Along with the increase in the volume of finished goods to be sent, it is also required a greater logistics activities. However, with high logistics costs, companies must increase efficiency to be able compete in the global market. Therefore, it is necessary to plan outbound logistics activities that regulate the movement of finished goods from the factory to the customers. This study developed a mathematical model to minimize outbound logistics costs based on Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) approach, translated into computer model using Lingo 17.0 programming language, and solved with branch and bound algorithm. Outbound logistics costs include storage cost, handling cost, truck cost, and shuttle cost. The results of this 12-period study shows that the total outbound logistics costs decreased, compared to the previous total outbound logistics costs with an average of 39.76% for each period. In addition, this model also shows an increase usage of large capacity trucks so that the number of trucks decreases by an average of 39.10% for each period and truck utilization increases with an average of 15.21% for each period.
印度尼西亚快速消费品行业的市场增长趋势导致必须发送给客户的货物数量增加。随着成品发送量的增加,也需要更大的物流活动。然而,由于物流成本高,企业必须提高效率才能在全球市场上竞争。因此,有必要计划出站物流活动,以规范成品从工厂到客户的移动。本研究基于混合整数线性规划(MILP)方法建立了物流成本最小化的数学模型,使用Lingo 17.0编程语言将其转化为计算机模型,并采用分支定界算法求解。出库物流成本包括仓储成本、搬运成本、卡车成本和班车成本。这12个时间段的研究结果表明,与之前的总出站物流成本相比,每个时间段的平均出站物流成本下降了39.76%。此外,该模型还显示了大容量卡车使用量的增加,卡车数量每期平均减少39.10%,卡车利用率每期平均增加15.21%。
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引用次数: 0
Analysis of Usability Criteria in Touchscreen Smartphone Interface 智能手机触屏界面可用性标准分析
E. Muslim, Muhammad Farhan Fadillah, Hardini Rizquita
Usability is one of important aspect that supposed to be considered in designing easier, effective, efficient smartphone. This study aims to determine the usability criteria that affect the ease of use in touchscreen smartphone, using a case study on two brands of smartphones that has the biggest handheld market share, which is iPhone and Samsung, with Indonesian people with productive age range (18-35 years). Furthermore, through eye-tracking research results are expected to provide inputs related to touchscreen smartphone interface with usability design. There are three approaches used in this study, which are performance measurement, subjective measurement with modifications of USE (Usefulness, Satisfaction, and Ease of Use) questionnaires, and eye-tracking. On the approach of performance measurement will be measured five usability criteria, namely understandability, operability, frustration, efficiency, and learnability. The subjective approach used to assess the satisfaction of smartphone users about the five usability criteria. Correlation between subjective approach and performance measurement approach will be tested using Pearson correlation test. Meanwhile, the eye-tracking approach will be discussing the attractiveness criteria where smartphone displays are being tested.
可用性是设计更简单、更有效、更高效的智能手机时应该考虑的一个重要方面。本研究旨在确定影响易用性的可用性标准,在触摸屏智能手机,使用两个品牌的智能手机的案例研究,有最大的手持市场份额,这是iPhone和三星,与印尼人生产年龄范围(18-35岁)。此外,通过眼动追踪的研究结果有望为智能手机触摸屏界面的可用性设计提供相关的输入。本研究采用了三种方法,即绩效测量、主观测量与USE(有用性、满意度和易用性)问卷的修改和眼动追踪。在性能度量方法上,将度量五个可用性标准,即可理解性、可操作性、挫败性、效率和可学习性。用于评估智能手机用户对五个可用性标准的满意度的主观方法。主观方法与绩效测量方法的相关性将采用Pearson相关检验进行检验。与此同时,眼球追踪方法将讨论智能手机显示屏测试的吸引力标准。
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引用次数: 0
Development of Performance Measurement Model using Balance Scorecard Method and Analytic Network Process in Construction Consultant Services Industry 基于平衡计分卡法和网络分析法的建筑咨询服务业绩效评估模型的建立
R. Ardi, Z. Zulkarnain, B. Sudarwanto, Laksmi Ambarwati
One of many ways to improve construction industry is by improving the consultant services in this industry. To improve the performance, the current performance need to be measured, so that we can understand better on which aspects of the performance need to be improved. Thus it is necessary to measure their performances, both on financial or non-financial aspects. Balance Scorecard (BSC) and Analytic Network Process (ANP) are applied to conduct the measurements. BSC is a method to measure performance, financially, and nonfinancially at organizational level, whether ANP is used to measure the interrelationships between performance indicators. This study proposes a performance measurement model for construction consultant services industry, which includes 21 performance indicators scattered across 4 BSC perspectives. The results indicate that improving work system, maintaining market competitiveness and employee productivity occupy the top priority in performance measurement that has a major influence on the performance of a construction consulting services organization.
改善建筑业的许多方法之一是改善该行业的咨询服务。为了提高性能,需要对当前的性能进行测量,以便我们能够更好地了解性能的哪些方面需要改进。因此,有必要从财务和非财务两个方面来衡量它们的表现。运用平衡计分卡(BSC)和分析网络过程(ANP)进行测量。平衡计分卡是一种在组织层面衡量财务和非财务绩效的方法,无论ANP是否用于衡量绩效指标之间的相互关系。本研究提出建筑顾问服务业绩效评估模型,包含分散在平衡计分卡4个角度的21个绩效指标。研究结果表明,完善工作制度、保持市场竞争力和员工生产力在绩效测量中占据首位,对建筑咨询服务组织的绩效有重要影响。
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引用次数: 0
Investigating Effectiveness Wayfinding on Terminal Navigation in Terminal 2 Soekarno-Hatta Airport: Bayesian Network Approach 苏加诺-哈达机场2号航站楼导航有效性研究:贝叶斯网络方法
R. Ardi, Sayidul Fikri, Pilamupih Dwi Rahayu
Effective wayfinding is the interaction that occurs between human and environmental factors which results in a person successfully moving from their current position to the desired location at the right time. This interaction needs to be modeled from the process that occurs. This paper proposes a complex modeling system approach from wayfinding using Bayesian Networks. Bayesian Network is a method that is often used to understand the relationship between variables because it studies the relationship of each dependent and independent variable. To model effective wayfinding with the Bayesian Network, the application to the process at the airport is used. The airport used is Soekarno-Hatta airport. The purpose of this study is to obtain factors that influence wayfinding activities at Soekarno-Hatta Airport. Modeling the influence of each factor in the hope that the model becomes the basic model. Provide recommendations for innovation design related to system improvements to improve the quality of wayfinding activities based on the results of the analysis carried out.
有效的寻路是人与环境因素之间的相互作用,它导致一个人在正确的时间成功地从当前位置移动到期望的位置。这种交互需要从发生的流程中建模。本文提出了一种基于贝叶斯网络的复杂寻路建模系统方法。贝叶斯网络是一种经常被用来理解变量之间关系的方法,因为它研究的是每个因变量和自变量之间的关系。为了利用贝叶斯网络建立有效的寻路模型,本文将其应用于机场的寻路过程。使用的机场是苏加诺-哈达机场。本研究的目的是获得影响苏加诺-哈达机场寻路活动的因素。对各个因素的影响进行建模,希望模型成为基本模型。根据分析结果,提出与系统改进相关的创新设计建议,以提高寻路活动的质量。
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引用次数: 1
The Impact of the Belt and Road Construction on China's Industrial Transfer and Countermeasures “一带一路”建设对中国产业转移的影响及对策
Yue Feng, Rong Wang
The proposal of China and the "Belt and Road Initiative" has made it possible for Chinese industries to move to countries along the route. Due to the industrial complementarity between China and the countries along the route, countries along the line have become hotspots for China's foreign direct investment. This paper from the perspective of the countermeasures of China's industrial transfer analyzes the impact of the "Belt and Road" construction on China's industrial transfer, and on this basis, through the use of big data technology to improve industrial transfer efficiency, deepen bilateral strategic cooperation, improve system construction and policy measures, and create a favorable geo-economic environment.
中国提出“一带一路”倡议,使中国产业向沿线国家转移成为可能。由于中国与沿线国家的产业互补性,沿线国家成为中国对外直接投资的热点。本文从中国产业转移对策的角度分析了“一带一路”建设对中国产业转移的影响,并在此基础上,通过利用大数据技术提高产业转移效率,深化双边战略合作,完善制度建设和政策措施,营造良好的地缘经济环境。
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引用次数: 0
Macroergonomics Approach for Design Improvement of Returnable Rack in Automotive Company 汽车公司可回收货架设计改进的宏观工效学方法
E. Muslim, M. Rasyad, B. N. Moch, S. Wicaksono
The application of returnable packaging for exporting duty in automotive company is one of the most effective ways to reduce the impact of packaging waste on the environment. In a returnable packaging system, complexity exists because packaging passes through a long process chain and lead time, involving many entities and different processes, where each of them has different needs and requirements. This fact indicates the necessity of returnable packaging design which considers the needs of every process passed during the packaging chain. The purpose of this research is to identify improvement opportunity of a returnable rack in an automotive company in Indonesia. The methods used are Macroergonomics Analysis & Design (MEAD) combined with Finite Element Analysis (FEA). The study revealed that the main necessity of the design was the resistance of returnable packaging to deformation. This research yielded the optimized returnable rack design with respect to reliability and material usage. In addition, these methods can be used as a standard for further application of returnable rack design improvement.
在汽车企业出口关税中应用可回收包装是减少包装废弃物对环境影响的最有效途径之一。在可回收包装系统中,复杂性的存在是因为包装要经过很长的工艺链和交货时间,涉及许多实体和不同的过程,其中每个过程都有不同的需求和要求。这一事实表明了可回收包装设计的必要性,它考虑了包装链中通过的每个过程的需要。本研究的目的是确定印尼某汽车公司可回收货架的改进机会。所采用的方法是宏观工效分析与设计(MEAD)与有限元分析(FEA)相结合。研究表明,设计的主要必要性是可回收包装的抗变形性。本研究在可靠性和材料使用方面得到了优化的可回收货架设计。此外,这些方法可以作为进一步应用改进可回收货架设计的标准。
{"title":"Macroergonomics Approach for Design Improvement of Returnable Rack in Automotive Company","authors":"E. Muslim, M. Rasyad, B. N. Moch, S. Wicaksono","doi":"10.1145/3364335.3364370","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3364335.3364370","url":null,"abstract":"The application of returnable packaging for exporting duty in automotive company is one of the most effective ways to reduce the impact of packaging waste on the environment. In a returnable packaging system, complexity exists because packaging passes through a long process chain and lead time, involving many entities and different processes, where each of them has different needs and requirements. This fact indicates the necessity of returnable packaging design which considers the needs of every process passed during the packaging chain. The purpose of this research is to identify improvement opportunity of a returnable rack in an automotive company in Indonesia. The methods used are Macroergonomics Analysis & Design (MEAD) combined with Finite Element Analysis (FEA). The study revealed that the main necessity of the design was the resistance of returnable packaging to deformation. This research yielded the optimized returnable rack design with respect to reliability and material usage. In addition, these methods can be used as a standard for further application of returnable rack design improvement.","PeriodicalId":403515,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Industrial and Business Engineering","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128487492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
University Students' Perceptions of Knowledge Management with the Aid of E-newsletter 基于电子通讯的大学生知识管理认知
Yi-Chien Wang, Yuan-Yu Chien
Knowledge management (KM) has been a common issue to be discussed in the field of industry. However, this issue may still sound foreign to the educational setting, especially from the students' perspective. In this study, the authors try to examine the effects of an e-newsletter project on students' KM. Additionally, the moderating effect of gender is under examination as well. The student subjects' perceptions of KM is quantitatively analyzed by a set of questionnaire designed on the basis of Nonaka and Takeuchi's [16] model of knowledge conversion. The findings of this study show that with the practice of e-newsletter activities could improve the subjects' perception of knowledge externalization, combination and internalization. However, as for the variable of gender difference, the test result is not significant. To conclude, it is expected that this study may contribute to the understanding of university students' KM development with the aid of e-learning technology, as well as to providing teachers with suggestions in designing suitable learning activities and adopting technology to enhance students' KM ability in a language classroom.
知识管理已经成为工业领域讨论的一个普遍问题。然而,这个问题可能听起来仍然陌生的教育环境,特别是从学生的角度来看。在本研究中,作者试图检验电子通讯项目对学生知识管理的影响。此外,性别的调节作用也在研究中。在Nonaka和Takeuchi[16]的知识转换模型的基础上设计了一套问卷,定量分析了学生被试对知识管理的认知。本研究结果显示,通过电子通讯活动的实践,可以提高被试对知识外化、组合和内化的感知。而对于性别差异这一变量,检验结果并不显著。综上所述,期望本研究有助于了解大学生在电子学习技术下的知识素养发展,并为教师在语言课堂中设计合适的学习活动和采用技术来提高学生的知识素养能力提供建议。
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引用次数: 1
Factors that Affect Construction Workers' Stress in Indonesia 影响印尼建筑工人压力的因素
M. A. Puspasari, Dania
Nowadays, construction in Indonesia continues to grow positively due to its rapid development, but this is not supported by an increase in the quality of its resources. Construction work is an inherently dangerous occupation that exposure to increase job stressors, it is likely to exacerbate the level of danger that has significant effects on workers' safety. However, research on job stress factors on construction workers in Indonesia has been limited. Thus, it is important to identify the factors that influence the work stress of construction workers, as well as determine the interrelationships between factors that causing work stress. Stress factors on construction workers can be connected with Personal Stressors, Interpersonal Stressors, Task Stressors, and Physical Stressors. A survey instrument was developed, and data were collected from seven different construction sites with 216 construction workers in Jakarta. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was constructed to analyze the relationship between factors affecting work stress in construction workers. Before that, have been doing the potential stress on workers using Logistics Regression. It was concluded, work stress on construction workers has the same potential based on demographic data. The result proved that Private Life and Environment have a significantly positive relationship to Job Stress in construction workers in Indonesia. Also, there is a relationship between the variables used in this research.
如今,印度尼西亚的建筑由于其快速发展而继续积极增长,但这并没有得到其资源质量提高的支持。建筑工作是一项本质上危险的职业,暴露在增加工作压力的环境中,很可能加剧危险程度,对工人的人身安全产生重大影响。然而,对印尼建筑工人工作压力因素的研究一直很有限。因此,确定影响建筑工人工作压力的因素以及确定导致工作压力的因素之间的相互关系是很重要的。建筑工人的应激因素可分为个人应激源、人际应激源、任务应激源和身体应激源。研制了一种调查仪器,并从雅加达7个不同的建筑工地收集了216名建筑工人的数据。构建结构方程模型(SEM),分析影响建筑工人工作压力的因素之间的关系。在此之前,我一直在使用logistic回归对工人的潜在压力进行研究。根据人口统计数据得出结论,建筑工人的工作压力具有相同的潜力。结果证明,私人生活和环境对印尼建筑工人的工作压力有显著的正相关关系。此外,本研究中使用的变量之间存在关系。
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引用次数: 1
Breakpoint of Attention Media Evaluation as Countermeasure for Computer Vision Syndrome 关注媒介评价断点作为计算机视觉综合征的对策
Pande Bagus Widyantara, M. A. Puspasari
Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS) is a complex problem in the eyes and vision that is related to computer use. Approximately 60% reduction in the frequency of blinking during computer use increases the risk of dry eyes and other symptoms related to CVS. There is a need from ergonomics interventions as preventive strategy to CVS risk; one of them is breakpoint of attention media that can trigger the appearance of regular blinks. This study aimed to evaluate the breakpoint of attention media in visual form (which is represented by blink-blink application) and audio (which is represented by metronome application) as CVS countermeasures. Data retrieval was conducted using an eye-tracker for 30 participants. The measurement variables used were the overall blink rate, the frequency of blink duration > 500 ms (indicated as microsleep propensity), and ocular symptoms questionnaire. The results of this study indicate that the blink-blink application is statistically better than metronome in increasing the overall increasing blink frequency, reducing microsleep propensity and from subjective score of ocular symptoms.
计算机视觉综合征(CVS)是一种与计算机使用有关的眼睛和视力的复杂问题。使用电脑时眨眼频率减少约60%会增加眼睛干涩和其他CVS相关症状的风险。需要将人体工程学干预作为CVS风险的预防策略;其中之一是注意力媒体的断点,它可以触发定期眨眼的出现。本研究旨在评估视觉形式(以眨眼应用为代表)和音频形式(以节拍器应用为代表)的注意媒体作为CVS对策的断点。数据检索使用眼动仪对30名参与者进行。使用的测量变量为总体眨眼频率、眨眼持续时间> 500 ms的频率(以微睡眠倾向表示)和眼部症状问卷。本研究结果表明,在提高整体增加的眨眼频率、降低微睡眠倾向和眼部症状主观评分方面,眨眼应用在统计学上优于节拍器。
{"title":"Breakpoint of Attention Media Evaluation as Countermeasure for Computer Vision Syndrome","authors":"Pande Bagus Widyantara, M. A. Puspasari","doi":"10.1145/3364335.3364360","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3364335.3364360","url":null,"abstract":"Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS) is a complex problem in the eyes and vision that is related to computer use. Approximately 60% reduction in the frequency of blinking during computer use increases the risk of dry eyes and other symptoms related to CVS. There is a need from ergonomics interventions as preventive strategy to CVS risk; one of them is breakpoint of attention media that can trigger the appearance of regular blinks. This study aimed to evaluate the breakpoint of attention media in visual form (which is represented by blink-blink application) and audio (which is represented by metronome application) as CVS countermeasures. Data retrieval was conducted using an eye-tracker for 30 participants. The measurement variables used were the overall blink rate, the frequency of blink duration > 500 ms (indicated as microsleep propensity), and ocular symptoms questionnaire. The results of this study indicate that the blink-blink application is statistically better than metronome in increasing the overall increasing blink frequency, reducing microsleep propensity and from subjective score of ocular symptoms.","PeriodicalId":403515,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Industrial and Business Engineering","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121601796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
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Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Industrial and Business Engineering
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