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The Mental Element of The Crime of Fault in The Performance of The Official Jobs: Article (341) of The Iraqi Law 职务执行过失罪的心理要件:伊拉克法第341条
Pub Date : 2021-05-17 DOI: 10.17762/PAE.V58I3.4565
Wajdi Sabah Mahmood
Faulty execution of official duties is regarded as one of the main offences that endangers elected authorities, a well-ordered public regulation, and utility that causes harm to public property and public interests. Since it is done by an individual who is performing an official work, this offence is committed by one of the workers violating the boundaries of their employment. This is enshrined in Iraqi penalty Law No. 111 of 1969 in article 341 and is deemed one of the financial and administrative corruption offences stipulated in the honesty Commission Act No. 30 of 2011 due to its extreme and significant danger and leaving traces and impacts. The consequences of this major crime and its effect on the state and community is expressed in the legal, democratic, administrative, fiscal, and social structures of the state. It is described as accidental offenses committed without criminal purpose. In this form of crime, neither initiating nor participating is possible, but both of the perpetrators are simple owners. In certain ways, this offence is analogous to the crime of willful injury to public property and interests, in addition to all other general criteria for any crime.
公务执行失当是危害民选政权、秩序良好的公共规制、损害公共财产和公共利益的公用事业的主要违法行为之一。由于这是由执行正式工作的个人所做,因此这一罪行是由一名工人违反其雇用界限而犯下的。这是伊拉克1969年第111号罚款法第341条规定的,由于其极端和重大的危险并留下痕迹和影响,被视为2011年第30号诚实委员会法规定的金融和行政腐败犯罪之一。这一重大罪行的后果及其对国家和社会的影响体现在国家的法律、民主、行政、财政和社会结构中。它被描述为没有犯罪目的的意外犯罪。在这种形式的犯罪中,既不可能发起也不可能参与,但行为人都是单纯的所有者。在某些方面,这种罪行类似于故意损害公共财产和利益的罪行,除了任何罪行的所有其他一般标准之外。
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引用次数: 0
The Degree of Practicing Toxic Leadership by School Principals and its Relationship to the Level of Psychological Well-being out of Teachers Perspective in public schools 公立学校校长实施有毒领导的程度及其与教师心理健康水平的关系
Pub Date : 2021-02-20 DOI: 10.17762/pae.v58i3.2792
S. A. Aldosari, Anwar Hamad Alrashidi
The study aimed to show the degree of school leaders’ practicing of toxic leadership, the level of psychological well-being, and the relationship between the two variables from the teachers’ point of view in public schools in Riyadh; as they represent the study population. A random sample of (252) male and female teachers was selected. The two researchers designed a questionnaire as study tool consisting of two aspects: First: (toxic practicing); In three fields, the second (psychological well-being); In six fields. The results showed that the degree to which school leaders practice toxic leadership is (low), and that the level of psychological well-being is (high)
本研究旨在从利雅得公立学校教师的角度,显示学校领导实施有毒领导的程度、心理健康水平,以及两者之间的关系;因为他们代表了研究人群。随机抽取了252名男女教师。两位研究者设计了一份调查问卷作为研究工具,包括两个方面:第一:(有毒练习);在三个领域,第二(心理健康);在六个领域。结果表明,学校领导实施有毒领导的程度为(低),心理健康水平为(高)。
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引用次数: 1
Environment based Precision Agriculture 基于环境的精准农业
Pub Date : 2021-02-17 DOI: 10.17762/PAE.V58I2.3133
Rohini, V. Kirubanand
Agriculture, farming or animal husbandry is a vital occupation, since the history of mankind. The name agriculture represents all entities that came under the linear sequence of links of food chain for human beings. India is in an agricultural era, which is earning fame to it. In the fast moving world, agriculture should also run in the same pace along with the existing nature. This paper analyses the different methodologies for environment friendly precision agriculture. It also comparesthevariousmethodsavailablefortheusageofmoderntoolsandtechniquesinagriculture in the digital world. It discusses an insight to dwell into the different techniques for intelligent farming in the digital world. It acts as a decision support system for the farmers to perform environment friendly smartarming.  
自人类历史以来,农业或畜牧业是一项至关重要的职业。农业这个名字代表了人类食物链线性序列下的所有实体。印度正处于农业时代,这为它赢得了声誉。在这个快速发展的世界里,农业也应该与现有的自然保持同样的节奏。本文分析了环境友好型精准农业的不同方法。它还比较了在数字世界中使用现代农业工具和技术的各种方法。它讨论了在数字世界中深入研究智能农业的不同技术的洞察力。它作为一个决策支持系统,为农民实施环境友好型智能。
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引用次数: 0
An Assessment of the Climatic Characteristics and Their Impact on the Traffic Accidents in the City of Ramadi 拉马迪市气候特征及其对交通事故的影响
Pub Date : 2021-02-14 DOI: 10.17762/pae.v58i1.2020
Dr. Mohanad abed Hammad, Dr. Ammeer Mohammed Khalaf, Abd Ul RAzzaq Mohammed Jabbar
The facets of the climate have a great impact on the traffic of different means of transportation as long as  bad weather conditions usually reduce the density of the transportation, especially on the land roads, while good conditions help to increase the use of the land roads. The climatic characteristics have a direct impact on the occurrence of the traffic accidents for the increase in the amount of rain, the fog and the intensity of fog  are all responsible factors for impeding traffic stream. This study aims at identifying the effect of the climatic characteristics on the traffic accidents in the Ramadi city through the climatic data and trying to find out the impact of each element on climatic ones on the  traffic stream in the study area. This study also aims at reducing the impact of the climate in the traffic accidents in Ramadi city via finding some treatments to reduce the impact of the climatic characteristics in the occurrence of traffic accidents. The study comes up with that all the climate elements: rain, dust storms and fog have a direct effect on the occurrence of a number of accidents in the study area.
气候的各个方面对不同交通工具的交通有很大的影响,只要恶劣的天气条件通常会降低交通的密度,特别是在陆地道路上,而良好的条件有助于增加陆地道路的使用。气候特征对交通事故的发生有直接的影响,降雨的增加、雾的增多和雾的强度都是阻碍交通流的主要因素。本研究旨在通过气候数据识别气候特征对拉马迪市交通事故的影响,并试图找出各要素对气候要素对研究区交通流的影响。本研究还旨在通过寻找一些处理方法来减少气候特征对交通事故发生的影响,从而减少气候对拉马迪市交通事故的影响。研究发现,降雨、沙尘暴和雾等气候要素对研究区域内一系列交通事故的发生有直接影响。
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引用次数: 0
Impact of Organizational Communication on Organizational Citizenship Behavior and Job Satisfaction: Research Findings 组织沟通对组织公民行为和工作满意度影响的研究结果
Pub Date : 2021-02-13 DOI: 10.17762/PAE.V58I2.2129
B. Devi, Dr. M. Kamaraj, Dr. Ravi Prakash
Communication play a vital role at all levels of organization. It affects employee commitment level, Citizenship behavior and job satisfaction levels of employees. The purpose of this study is to understand and assess how organizational communication effects organizational citizenship behavior and Job satisfaction levels. Data was collected from 85 software employees working at different levels by using close ended questionnaire. It was concluded that organizational communication has direct and positive relationship with employee Job satisfaction among software employees. The analysis further proven that organizational citizenship behavior as a mediator further weakens the relationship between organizational communication and job satisfaction. Although much previous research is existed in association of organizational communication, Organizational citizenship behavior and job satisfaction, but this is of first known attempt to assess mediating effect of OCB in relation with other variables.
沟通在组织的各个层面都起着至关重要的作用。它影响员工承诺水平、公民行为和员工工作满意度。本研究的目的是了解和评估组织沟通如何影响组织公民行为和工作满意度水平。采用封闭式问卷法,对85名不同级别的软件员工进行数据收集。结果表明,组织沟通对软件员工的工作满意度有直接的正向影响。分析进一步证明,组织公民行为作为中介进一步削弱了组织沟通与工作满意度之间的关系。虽然已有很多关于组织沟通、组织公民行为与工作满意度之间关系的研究,但这是首次尝试评估组织公民行为与其他变量之间的中介作用。
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引用次数: 1
Contribution of Token Type Cooperative Learning Models for in the Haruru Christian Middle School 代币式合作学习模式在Haruru基督教中学的贡献
Pub Date : 2021-02-13 DOI: 10.17762/pae.v58i2.2127
Benjamin Metekohy, Novita Loma Sahertian, David Ming
A teacher who is capable of carrying out his teaching duties if the stages of preparation, learning process and evaluation are carried out according to his design. The process that is often neglected is that the learning model used is sometimes unable to provide solutions to teachers. Curriculum changes that have occurred in Indonesia indicate that all education actors, including teachers, must be ready and improve themselves to follow the development of change. In line with the demands for changes in the 2013 Curriculum calls for changes in development from social in nature to democratic participation, for the sake of human resource growth. If so, education should be directed as a process: learning to know, learning to do, learning to live together, learning to be yourself (learning to be) and even lifelong learning (life long). learning), must adorn the lifestyle of a teacher, remembering that the teacher is an important figure in the process of change. This study intends to apply a learning model including: development of a syllabus and a Learning Implementation Plan (RPP) cooperative type time token type in PAK and Character In Class V, the material of Allah loves the world. The action hypothesis is a temporary answer in the form of action on the formulation of the problems set out in this classroom action research which is: student learning outcomes will increase "can be accepted. Based on the results of the implementation of classroom action research with the title implementation of the Jerrold E camp learning model in Christian education (PAK) and Character subjects in junior high schools, especially in Hauru Christian Middle School in class VIII which lasted for 2 research cycles, it can be concluded: Christian Educarion (PAK) and Character work effectively, so student learning outcomes will increase
如果准备阶段、学习过程和评价阶段都按照他的设计进行,他就有能力履行他的教学职责。经常被忽视的过程是,所使用的学习模式有时无法为教师提供解决方案。印度尼西亚发生的课程改革表明,包括教师在内的所有教育行为者都必须做好准备并提高自己,以跟上变革的发展。根据2013年课程改革的要求,要求从社会性质的发展转变为民主参与的发展,以促进人力资源的增长。如果是这样,教育应该是一个过程:学习认识,学习做事,学习共同生活,学习做自己,甚至是终身学习。学习时,一定要装饰老师的生活方式,记住老师是变革过程中的重要人物。本研究拟采用一种学习模式,包括:制定教学大纲和学习实施计划(RPP),在PAK中合作型时间令牌类型和在第五类中品格,真主爱世界的材料。行动假设是以行动的形式对问题的临时答案的提法提出的,在课堂行动研究中即“学生的学习成果会增加”是可以被接受的。以“杰罗尔德营式学习模式”为标题的课堂行动研究在初中基督教教育与品格学科,特别是在豪如基督教中学八班持续2个周期的研究结果,可以得出结论:基督教教育与品格有效地发挥作用,学生的学习成果会有所提高
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引用次数: 1
Development and Usability Assessment of Classroom Surveillance System for Campus Security and Productivity 面向校园安全和生产力的课堂监控系统的开发与可用性评估
Pub Date : 2021-02-10 DOI: 10.17762/PAE.V58I2.3148
Esselyn S. Recososa
Classroom Surveillance System is an excellent system for higher learning institutions to ensure the security of students, faculty, office personnel, and its physical facilities.  This study aimed to develop a classroom surveillance system for campus security and productivity.  The study utilized developmental research.  There were four Deans, 24 IT professionals, and 24  students utilized as respondents of the study.  The instrument used in the study included the Deans’ monitoring scheme of teaching/non-teaching personnel, school facilities, and student’s assessment on the surveillance functionality, reliability, usability, efficiency, maintainability, and accuracy of the newly developed and designed classroom surveillance system.  The statistical tools used were the frequency count, ranking, and weighted mean.  The study revealed that the developed Classroom Surveillance System was very much functional, very much reliable, very much usable, very much efficient, very much maintainable, and very much accurate. The university administration should adopt the Classroom Surveillance System to provide excellent surveillance and monitoring of teaching personnel, non-teaching personnel, classroom facilities, and students of the University.  Hence, the university should shift from utilizing the traditional surveillance system into a technologically oriented surveillance system.  
课堂监控系统是高校为保障学生、教师、办公人员及其物理设施安全而设计的一套完善的系统。本研究旨在为校园安全和生产力开发一套教室监控系统。这项研究利用了发展研究。调查对象包括4位院长、24位IT专业人士和24名学生。研究中使用的工具包括院长对教学/非教学人员、学校设施的监控方案,以及学生对新开发和设计的课堂监控系统的监控功能、可靠性、可用性、效率、可维护性和准确性的评估。使用的统计工具为频数计数、排序和加权平均值。研究表明,开发的课堂监控系统功能齐全,可靠性高,可用性好,效率高,可维护性好,准确性高。学校管理部门应采用课堂监控系统,对学校的教学人员、非教学人员、课堂设施和学生进行良好的监控和监控。因此,大学应该从利用传统的监控系统转向以技术为导向的监控系统。
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引用次数: 1
METHODS FOR STUDYING AND ASSESSING CYTOGENETIC CHANGES IN BONE MARROW CELLS OF LABORATORY ANIMALS RECEIVING GENE-MODIFIED 实验动物接受基因修饰后骨髓细胞细胞遗传学变化的研究和评价方法
Pub Date : 2021-02-10 DOI: 10.17762/pae.v58i2.2897
N.A.Nuraliyev, A.Kh.Allanazarov, M.S.Gildiyeva, D.R.Sobirova
The aim was to study cytogenetic changes in bone marrow cells of laboratory animals that received and did not receive a genetically modified (GM) product (GM-soy) in a comparative aspect. It was found that in the group of white outbred rats that received GM-soy, cytogenetic changes were found in the cells of the red bone marrow, expressed in partial inhibition of cell proliferation due to the cytotoxic effect. They also had polyploidy (5.35%) and aneuploidy (5.35%) in 10.7% of cases. In addition, this group contained cells with mitotic pathology - chromosome scattering, chromosome pulverization, impaired spiralization and despiralization of chromosomes, premature spiralization of chromosomes, delayed mitosis at the prophase stage. In the group of animals that did not receive soy with and without GM in the cells, there were metaphase plates with a normal karyotype. The mitotic activity of bone marrow cells in the control group was higher (MI - 9%) than in the first (MI - 3%) and the second group (MI - 5%).  
其目的是在比较方面研究接受和未接受转基因产品(转基因大豆)的实验动物骨髓细胞的细胞遗传学变化。结果发现,在接受转基因大豆治疗的白色杂交大鼠组中,红骨髓细胞发生了细胞遗传学变化,表现为由于细胞毒性作用而部分抑制细胞增殖。多倍体(5.35%)和非整倍体(5.35%)占10.7%。此外,该组细胞有丝分裂病理-染色体分散,染色体粉碎,染色体螺旋化和去螺旋化受损,染色体过早螺旋化,有丝分裂前期延迟。在细胞中不含或不含转基因大豆的动物组中,有核型正常的中期板。对照组骨髓细胞有丝分裂活性(MI - 9%)高于第1组(MI - 3%)和第2组(MI - 5%)。
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引用次数: 0
Influence of the Turkish Empire on Malaya in the Malay Manuscript of the Leiden University Library Collection 莱顿大学图书馆馆藏马来文手稿中土耳其帝国对马来亚的影响
Pub Date : 2021-02-10 DOI: 10.17762/pae.v58i2.3071
Muhammad, S.J.N, Rahman, N.S.A, NRNM Affendi, A Asmiaty
When researching the catalogues about Malay manuscripts at the library of Leiden University, Netherlands, there was a list of records about Turkey and Malaya’s relations in various manuscript collections in the library. This is important to be highlight to see how far the two empires’ relationship are in Malay manuscripts. Thus, this writing will analyze the Turkish Empire’s influence towards the Malay government in various aspects. The analyze will using the selected Malay manuscripts through the Leiden University Library collection. Qualitative content analysis methods will use to examine the topics. The expectation of writing shows that there are significant influences towards the Malay government, especially about lineage and politics. This writing will directly contribute to the studies on international relations between the Turkish Empire and Malay government and highlight the way the government practiced by the Islamic government in maintaining the relationship as stated in the Malay manuscript.  
在研究荷兰莱顿大学图书馆的马来手稿目录时,在图书馆的各种手稿收藏中有一份关于土耳其和马来亚关系的记录清单。强调这一点很重要,可以看出两个帝国的关系在马来手稿中有多远。因此,本文将从各个方面分析土耳其帝国对马来政府的影响。分析将使用莱顿大学图书馆收藏的精选马来手稿。定性内容分析方法将用于检查主题。对写作的期望表明对马来政府有重大影响,特别是关于血统和政治。这篇文章将直接有助于研究土耳其帝国和马来政府之间的国际关系,并强调伊斯兰政府在维持马来手稿中所述关系方面的做法。
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引用次数: 0
The Integration of Lecturers’ Professionalism and Intelligence with Environment Insight 讲师的专业与智慧与环境洞察力的整合
Pub Date : 2021-02-10 DOI: 10.17762/PAE.V58I2.3074
Sunarto, E. Handayani Tyas, Lamhot Naibaho, Elferida Sormin, Bernadetha Nadeak
This research is about the integration of lecturers' professionalism and intelligence with the lecturers' environment insight. It was done in order to find out the relationship between lecturers' professionalism with lecturers environment insight and the relationship between lecturers' intelligence with lecturers environment insight. This research was done at the Christian University of Indonesia. The respondents of the research were 96 lecturers who were taken randomly out of 335 lectures. The research results show that there are positive relationships between lecturers' professionalism with environmental insight and lecturers' intelligence with environmental insight. It is concluded that the higher the lecturers’ professionalism and intelligence, the higher is the lecturers' environment insight.
本研究是关于讲师的专业精神和智力与讲师的环境洞察力的整合。为了找出教师的职业素养与教师的环境洞察力之间的关系,以及教师的智力与教师的环境洞察力之间的关系。这项研究是在印度尼西亚基督教大学完成的。调查对象是在335场讲座中随机抽取的96名讲师。研究结果表明,具有环境洞察力的教师职业素养与具有环境洞察力的教师智力之间存在正相关关系。结果表明,教师的专业素养和智力水平越高,教师的环境洞察力越高。
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引用次数: 2
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Psychology and Education Journal
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