In the middle of 1974 a group of people drafted the act of incorporation of the PSOE of Navarra. They were about fifteen members from Christian grassroot movements with no connection to that party, which had disappeared after the Spanish Civil War. Despite some difficulties, they managed to develop the PSOE in three locations of Navarra. Three ideological currents emerged within the group, two of which competed against each other to get the control of the Party. The revolutionary sector took control of the Socialist Youth of the province in the midst of an internal debate between reformist and revolutionary positions. The other two currents were representative of the social democratic ideology, but they were differentiated by the way they thought the spanish transition should be. The study of the beginnings of the PSOE in Navarra is mainly based on oral history, after conducting several interviews with people that participated in the creation of a new party with historical acronyms.
{"title":"Los inicios de un partido nuevo: la creación del PSOE en Navarra (1974-1976)","authors":"Mikel Bueno Urritzelki","doi":"10.15366/RHA2020.17.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15366/RHA2020.17.005","url":null,"abstract":"In the middle of 1974 a group of people drafted the act of incorporation of the PSOE of Navarra. They were about fifteen members from Christian grassroot movements with no connection to that party, which had disappeared after the Spanish Civil War. Despite some difficulties, they managed to develop the PSOE in three locations of Navarra. Three ideological currents emerged within the group, two of which competed against each other to get the control of the Party. The revolutionary sector took control of the Socialist Youth of the province in the midst of an internal debate between reformist and revolutionary positions. The other two currents were representative of the social democratic ideology, but they were differentiated by the way they thought the spanish transition should be. The study of the beginnings of the PSOE in Navarra is mainly based on oral history, after conducting several interviews with people that participated in the creation of a new party with historical acronyms.","PeriodicalId":40739,"journal":{"name":"Revista Historia Autonoma","volume":"1 1","pages":"93-109"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41868186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In order to understand how the interest in Baroque art is manifested in the Spanish curatorial discourses, this article analyses three exhibitions held within the first decade of the twenty-first century for the purpose of demonstrating the relationship between contemporary art and the historical Baroque. The chosen case studies are Barrocos y Neobarrocos, The Potosi Principle and El d_efecto barroco. This article covers the discursive strategies followed by these curatorial projects in their attempt to re-signify and recover Baroque art from a modern point of view. On the one hand, they show how the Baroque has become a means for the construction of identities, through themes such as the relationship between Spain and Latin America or the use of images as an instrument of propaganda. On the other hand, the exhibitions have introduced the Neo-Baroque as a response to postmodernism in the Spanish exhibition context.
为了理解西班牙策展话语中对巴洛克艺术的兴趣是如何表现的，本文分析了21世纪前十年举办的三个展览，以展示当代艺术与历史巴洛克之间的关系。所选择的案例研究是Barrocos y Neobarrocos、The Potosi Principle和El d_efecto barroco。本文涵盖了这些策展项目所遵循的话语策略，试图从现代的角度重新象征和恢复巴洛克艺术。一方面，他们通过西班牙和拉丁美洲之间的关系或使用图像作为宣传工具等主题，展示了巴洛克风格如何成为构建身份的手段。另一方面，展览引入了新巴洛克，作为对西班牙展览背景下后现代主义的回应。
{"title":"Recuperación y resignificación del Barroco histórico en exposiciones de arte contemporáneo","authors":"Patricia Rodríguez","doi":"10.15366/RHA2020.17.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15366/RHA2020.17.006","url":null,"abstract":"In order to understand how the interest in Baroque art is manifested in the Spanish curatorial discourses, this article analyses three exhibitions held within the first decade of the twenty-first century for the purpose of demonstrating the relationship between contemporary art and the historical Baroque. The chosen case studies are Barrocos y Neobarrocos, The Potosi Principle and El d_efecto barroco. This article covers the discursive strategies followed by these curatorial projects in their attempt to re-signify and recover Baroque art from a modern point of view. On the one hand, they show how the Baroque has become a means for the construction of identities, through themes such as the relationship between Spain and Latin America or the use of images as an instrument of propaganda. On the other hand, the exhibitions have introduced the Neo-Baroque as a response to postmodernism in the Spanish exhibition context.","PeriodicalId":40739,"journal":{"name":"Revista Historia Autonoma","volume":"1 1","pages":"111-131"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44361288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article seeks to study the breakdown of the closure that occurred in different female monasteries in the Viceroyalty of Peru at the beginning of the 17th century. During those years, the post-Tridentine bishops had to dealt with an uncomfortable reality: episodes of active sexuality in many women’s monasteries and, consequently, the existence of pregnant nuns. Analysing the case of three monasteries located in the cities of Quito and Popayan, we will try to show in these lines which were the limits of the Council of Trent and, at the same time, to underscore the strategies that a great number of nuns developed to hide all trace of their monastic infractions.
{"title":"Sexualidad perseguida y monjas embarazadas en el Virreinato de Perú a inicios del siglo XVII","authors":"Francisco José García Pérez","doi":"10.15366/rha2020.16.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15366/rha2020.16.003","url":null,"abstract":"This article seeks to study the breakdown of the closure that occurred in different female monasteries in the Viceroyalty of Peru at the beginning of the 17th century. During those years, the post-Tridentine bishops had to dealt with an uncomfortable reality: episodes of active sexuality in many women’s monasteries and, consequently, the existence of pregnant nuns. Analysing the case of three monasteries located in the cities of Quito and Popayan, we will try to show in these lines which were the limits of the Council of Trent and, at the same time, to underscore the strategies that a great number of nuns developed to hide all trace of their monastic infractions.","PeriodicalId":40739,"journal":{"name":"Revista Historia Autonoma","volume":"1 1","pages":"53-70"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42708462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
During the 17th century, there is a steady increase of references to emergency baptism in Spain. These references facilitate important insights into the circumstances of childbirth. The data reviewed in this paper mostly stems from the parish registers of San Justo y Pastor and San Pedro de Barajas, and they cover the years from 1611 to 1663. This information reveals some tendencies regarding the number and ratio of infants born in precarious conditions. Moreover, they enable us to widen the biographies of outstanding birth assistants who were active at that time. Interrogations carried out by the parish priest at the baptismal font widen our understanding of birthing scenarios and the actions of midwives. We conclude that the problem of baptism might help to grasp the relevance of religious preoccupations at all stages of procreation and obstetrical care.
{"title":"Escenarios de parto y bautismo de urgencia en libros de bautismo del siglo XVII","authors":"Wolfram Aichinger, Alice-Viktoria Dulmovits","doi":"10.15366/rha2020.16.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15366/rha2020.16.001","url":null,"abstract":"During the 17th century, there is a steady increase of references to emergency baptism in Spain. These references facilitate important insights into the circumstances of childbirth. The data reviewed in this paper mostly stems from the parish registers of San Justo y Pastor and San Pedro de Barajas, and they cover the years from 1611 to 1663. This information reveals some tendencies regarding the number and ratio of infants born in precarious conditions. Moreover, they enable us to widen the biographies of outstanding birth assistants who were active at that time. Interrogations carried out by the parish priest at the baptismal font widen our understanding of birthing scenarios and the actions of midwives. We conclude that the problem of baptism might help to grasp the relevance of religious preoccupations at all stages of procreation and obstetrical care.","PeriodicalId":40739,"journal":{"name":"Revista Historia Autonoma","volume":"1 1","pages":"13-35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49008320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Este articulo forma parte de los resultados del proyecto “Universos discursivos e identidad femenina: elites y cultura popular (1600-1850)” financiado por el Ministerio de Economia, Industria y Competitividad (HAR2017-84615-P).
{"title":"Asistir a la madre y cuidar de la criatura: el reconocimiento de paternidad en los siglos xvi y xvii","authors":"J. Usunáriz","doi":"10.15366/rha2020.16.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15366/rha2020.16.006","url":null,"abstract":"Este articulo forma parte de los resultados del proyecto “Universos discursivos e identidad femenina: \u0000elites y cultura popular (1600-1850)” financiado por el Ministerio de Economia, Industria y Competitividad \u0000(HAR2017-84615-P).","PeriodicalId":40739,"journal":{"name":"Revista Historia Autonoma","volume":"1 1","pages":"101-119"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43014878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Since its origins, Mexico City is presented as a complicated and juxtaposed city: a European city built on the pre-Hispanic Tenochtitlan. Thus, it was always concentrating on its western dimension, the general trend of urban research on the very first Mexico City has been, until now, to investigate the urban paradigms of the Renaissance or Classical antiquity in search of an explanation for its trace. On the one hand, after an exhaustive analysis of the urban fabric of Mexico City, the present work intendsto break stereotypes and unravel ancient urban structures, proving that these were direct reflections of the reality of the conquerors who planned the city (with a cultural horizon imbued with the medieval Islamic world that permeated so deeply in the Iberian Peninsula).On the other hand, through a practical example of the establishment of the northern limit of the first Mexico City, to set the usefulness of an interdisciplinary methodology based on the integration of various disciplines such as history, urban planning and archeology, to approach urban phenomena and their historical and cultural substrates in a more globally and precisely way.
{"title":"El análisis arqueológico-urbanístico: una metodología integral para el estudio de la primera Ciudad de México","authors":"Rodrigo Octavio Tirado de Salazar","doi":"10.15366/rha2020.16.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15366/rha2020.16.007","url":null,"abstract":"Since its origins, Mexico City is presented as a complicated and juxtaposed city: a European city built on the pre-Hispanic Tenochtitlan. Thus, it was always concentrating on its western dimension, the general trend of urban research on the very first Mexico City has been, until now, to investigate the urban paradigms of the Renaissance or Classical antiquity in search of an explanation for its trace. On the one hand, after an exhaustive analysis of the urban fabric of Mexico City, the present work intendsto break stereotypes and unravel ancient urban structures, proving that these were direct reflections of the reality of the conquerors who planned the city (with a cultural horizon imbued with the medieval Islamic world that permeated so deeply in the Iberian Peninsula).On the other hand, through a practical example of the establishment of the northern limit of the first Mexico City, to set the usefulness of an interdisciplinary methodology based on the integration of various disciplines such as history, urban planning and archeology, to approach urban phenomena and their historical and cultural substrates in a more globally and precisely way.","PeriodicalId":40739,"journal":{"name":"Revista Historia Autonoma","volume":"1 1","pages":"123-138"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44457450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article consists of a historical-critical analysis about the early development of contemporary Nepalese art at the beginning of the 20th century and throughout the autarchy of the maharajas Rana of Nepal. As initial hypothesis, it is established that contemporary Nepalese art emerges as a result of the round-trip myth, or “orientalism” versus “westernism,” which converge in the origin of a new form of visual art used as a means of international communication. It is analyzed how through contemporary painting and photography techniques, inherited from Western art, Nepalese elite used visual art as a tool to create their own “Eastern myth”. Especially, the idea of the “picturesque Himalaya” is relevant for this purpose. By hybridizing these new techniques with the idea of traditional art, it is concluded that it was thanks to these magnificent “self-divine” portraits, through the contemporary artist’s creative skill, how the Ranas stated their exotic power in the Himalayan nation with the ultimate aim of protecting the country’s independence.
{"title":"Los “pintorescos” retratos de los Rana en Nepal. El lenguaje transnacional de la élite en el siglo XX","authors":"Andrea De la Rubia Gómez-Morán","doi":"10.15366/rha2020.16.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15366/rha2020.16.009","url":null,"abstract":"This article consists of a historical-critical analysis about the early development of contemporary Nepalese art at the beginning of the 20th century and throughout the autarchy of the maharajas Rana of Nepal. As initial hypothesis, it is established that contemporary Nepalese art emerges as a result of the round-trip myth, or “orientalism” versus “westernism,” which converge in the origin of a new form of visual art used as a means of international communication. It is analyzed how through contemporary painting and photography techniques, inherited from Western art, Nepalese elite used visual art as a tool to create their own “Eastern myth”. Especially, the idea of the “picturesque Himalaya” is relevant for this purpose. By hybridizing these new techniques with the idea of traditional art, it is concluded that it was thanks to these magnificent “self-divine” portraits, through the contemporary artist’s creative skill, how the Ranas stated their exotic power in the Himalayan nation with the ultimate aim of protecting the country’s independence.","PeriodicalId":40739,"journal":{"name":"Revista Historia Autonoma","volume":"1 1","pages":"159-184"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46216809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Queen Margaret of Austria (1584–1611) was married to King Felipe III for twelve years, of which she spent precisely half of the time pregnant. This case illustrates the relevance of a question which couples were repeatedly confronted with in Early Modern Spain: is lovemaking advantageous or harmful to the child’s prenatal development? They might have been at a loss, given the hodgepodge of contradictory opinions from philosophical, moral, and medical authorities, in addition to common beliefs and lived experiences. The powerful Catholic Church declared sex as a marital duty, yet at the same time, she preached the virtue of chastity and that intercourse was only tolerable for social reproduction. Physicians were often indecisive, as any assessment would depend on the stage of pregnancy (not always easy to determine) and other factors. After delivery, puerperium constituted another transitory state which invited certain fears, but also a redefinition of the new mother’s status and authority.
{"title":"Relaciones sexuales durante el embarazo y el puerperio en la España de la Temprana Edad Moderna Sexual","authors":"N. Kremmel","doi":"10.15366/rha2020.16.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15366/rha2020.16.004","url":null,"abstract":"Queen Margaret of Austria (1584–1611) was married to King Felipe III for twelve years, of which she spent precisely half of the time pregnant. This case illustrates the relevance of a question which couples were repeatedly confronted with in Early Modern Spain: is lovemaking advantageous or harmful to the child’s prenatal development? They might have been at a loss, given the hodgepodge of contradictory opinions from philosophical, moral, and medical authorities, in addition to common beliefs and lived experiences. The powerful Catholic Church declared sex as a marital duty, yet at the same time, she preached the virtue of chastity and that intercourse was only tolerable for social reproduction. Physicians were often indecisive, as any assessment would depend on the stage of pregnancy (not always easy to determine) and other factors. After delivery, puerperium constituted another transitory state which invited certain fears, but also a redefinition of the new mother’s status and authority.","PeriodicalId":40739,"journal":{"name":"Revista Historia Autonoma","volume":"1 1","pages":"71-81"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45550304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Carlism was a political movement that was joined in the Spanish Civil War on the rebellious side. However, it was opposed to the unification process decreed by Franco. This unification also involved the consolidation of symbology, and the emergence of the commemorative days. This happened with the Festivity of the Martyrs of the Tradition, which since 1939 suffered a duplicity. From the celebration of this festivity during the Franco’s regime, their opposition to unification and ideological redefinition process can be seen.
{"title":"La festividad de los Mártires de la Tradición durante el franquismo","authors":"Juan Carlos Senent Sansegundo","doi":"10.15366/rha2020.16.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15366/rha2020.16.008","url":null,"abstract":"Carlism was a political movement that was joined in the Spanish Civil War on the rebellious side. However, it was opposed to the unification process decreed by Franco. This unification also involved the consolidation of symbology, and the emergence of the commemorative days. This happened with the Festivity of the Martyrs of the Tradition, which since 1939 suffered a duplicity. From the celebration of this festivity during the Franco’s regime, their opposition to unification and ideological redefinition process can be seen.","PeriodicalId":40739,"journal":{"name":"Revista Historia Autonoma","volume":"1 1","pages":"139-157"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45227169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"VI Seminario de Estudios del Occidente Antiguo: “Signos divinos, agencias humanas: diplomacia al amparo de los dioses en el Mediterráneo antiguo”, 31 de octubre de 2019. Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid","authors":"Diego F. Suárez Martínez","doi":"10.15366/rha2020.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15366/rha2020.16","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":40739,"journal":{"name":"Revista Historia Autonoma","volume":"1 1","pages":"211-214"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41369183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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