Pub Date : 2022-06-10DOI: 10.53656/str2022-3-2-edu
R. Veleva
The article represents an analysis of complex indicators observed by National and European statistics relevant to the relationship between poverty and the level of education of the population. The study covers a 5-year period (2016 – 2020) and all Member States of the European Union. It is upgraded with a correlation analysis of permanent risk of poverty and early school leavers in Bulgaria within the same time span. The aim is to highlight the strength and direction of the relationships and dependencies between them. Based on the investigated indicators, the author's thesis about education as a key factor in reducing poverty in Bulgaria is confirmed. The research uses an analytical approach, which is based on a combination of analysis of literature sources and research of documents, but mainly uses comparative empirical and correlation analysis. For the purpose of the study, three groups of main indicators were adopted: complex, educational and poverty indicators.
{"title":"Education as a Key Factor for Poverty Reduction","authors":"R. Veleva","doi":"10.53656/str2022-3-2-edu","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53656/str2022-3-2-edu","url":null,"abstract":"The article represents an analysis of complex indicators observed by National and European statistics relevant to the relationship between poverty and the level of education of the population. The study covers a 5-year period (2016 – 2020) and all Member States of the European Union. It is upgraded with a correlation analysis of permanent risk of poverty and early school leavers in Bulgaria within the same time span. The aim is to highlight the strength and direction of the relationships and dependencies between them. Based on the investigated indicators, the author's thesis about education as a key factor in reducing poverty in Bulgaria is confirmed. The research uses an analytical approach, which is based on a combination of analysis of literature sources and research of documents, but mainly uses comparative empirical and correlation analysis. For the purpose of the study, three groups of main indicators were adopted: complex, educational and poverty indicators.","PeriodicalId":40820,"journal":{"name":"Strategies for Policy in Science and Education-Strategii na Obrazovatelnata i Nauchnata Politika","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86818486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-10DOI: 10.53656/str2022-3-3-tea
Elena Tzvetkova
The article is related to the teaching of key concepts in civic communication. The aim is to propose an alternative approach for defining terms such as citizen, rights, person etc., which links the previous experience of the students with these words and their lexical definition. This approach is inspired by the ideas for applying the prototype theory and the study of metaphors in foreign language teaching. The hypothesis is that such methods can be successfully applied in the teaching of civic education, so that the training is related to practice. The article includes examples from civic education textbooks for 11th grade, which provide definitions inspired by these approaches. In addition, a comparison has been made between the linguistic intuitions of the students (shared in the generalized results of a survey) and the proposed definitions in the textbooks.
{"title":"Teaching Key Terms in Civic Education Based on Students' Previous Experience and Language Intuitions","authors":"Elena Tzvetkova","doi":"10.53656/str2022-3-3-tea","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53656/str2022-3-3-tea","url":null,"abstract":"The article is related to the teaching of key concepts in civic communication. The aim is to propose an alternative approach for defining terms such as citizen, rights, person etc., which links the previous experience of the students with these words and their lexical definition. This approach is inspired by the ideas for applying the prototype theory and the study of metaphors in foreign language teaching. The hypothesis is that such methods can be successfully applied in the teaching of civic education, so that the training is related to practice. The article includes examples from civic education textbooks for 11th grade, which provide definitions inspired by these approaches. In addition, a comparison has been made between the linguistic intuitions of the students (shared in the generalized results of a survey) and the proposed definitions in the textbooks.","PeriodicalId":40820,"journal":{"name":"Strategies for Policy in Science and Education-Strategii na Obrazovatelnata i Nauchnata Politika","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80479064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-10DOI: 10.53656/str2022-3-1-glo
A. Andreeva, Galina Yolova-Paskaleva
The article examines the problems related to the academic education and scientific research in the context of the Fourth Industrial Revolution and the new public reality. The authors analyze applicable sources in the sphere of higher education on national and European level regulating the academic globalization and the synergy of the scientific research, as well as the guidelines for multidisciplinarity of academic work in the context of the ideas for a new type system of scientific research orientation. Based on the research actual questions are put on the field of the scientific debates, as well as summaries and conclusions are formulated with a view of updating the legal framework.
{"title":"On Some Questions of Academic Globalization and Synergy in Scientific Research","authors":"A. Andreeva, Galina Yolova-Paskaleva","doi":"10.53656/str2022-3-1-glo","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53656/str2022-3-1-glo","url":null,"abstract":"The article examines the problems related to the academic education and scientific research in the context of the Fourth Industrial Revolution and the new public reality. The authors analyze applicable sources in the sphere of higher education on national and European level regulating the academic globalization and the synergy of the scientific research, as well as the guidelines for multidisciplinarity of academic work in the context of the ideas for a new type system of scientific research orientation. Based on the research actual questions are put on the field of the scientific debates, as well as summaries and conclusions are formulated with a view of updating the legal framework.","PeriodicalId":40820,"journal":{"name":"Strategies for Policy in Science and Education-Strategii na Obrazovatelnata i Nauchnata Politika","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77089282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-10DOI: 10.53656/str2022-3-7-tou
Mincho Polimenov
The article seeks to draw the attention of government institutions, schools, universities and the tourism business so as to link educational policies in such a way that young people would be motivated in the profession they choose and would have a guaranteed job in tourism. The aim is to innovate educational systems in order to improve the quality of knowledge and skills and increase competencies and competency models. The possibility for validation of knowledge and skills in the work environment has been considered and a constructive differentiated system, star class qualification for a specific position has been proposed. Education is focused on market demand and the possibility of establishing a link between secondary and higher education, credit recognition in certain disciplines, and creating opportunities for upgrading in the profession and certification of knowledge and skills. We are looking for an opportunity for freedom in education, duality and class in business training, which will materialize in adequate financial remuneration for the work invested.
{"title":"Tourism Education Policies, Competencies and Development Incentives","authors":"Mincho Polimenov","doi":"10.53656/str2022-3-7-tou","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53656/str2022-3-7-tou","url":null,"abstract":"The article seeks to draw the attention of government institutions, schools, universities and the tourism business so as to link educational policies in such a way that young people would be motivated in the profession they choose and would have a guaranteed job in tourism. The aim is to innovate educational systems in order to improve the quality of knowledge and skills and increase competencies and competency models. The possibility for validation of knowledge and skills in the work environment has been considered and a constructive differentiated system, star class qualification for a specific position has been proposed. Education is focused on market demand and the possibility of establishing a link between secondary and higher education, credit recognition in certain disciplines, and creating opportunities for upgrading in the profession and certification of knowledge and skills. We are looking for an opportunity for freedom in education, duality and class in business training, which will materialize in adequate financial remuneration for the work invested.","PeriodicalId":40820,"journal":{"name":"Strategies for Policy in Science and Education-Strategii na Obrazovatelnata i Nauchnata Politika","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85806686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-10DOI: 10.53656/str2022-2-2-ped
Svetlana Angelova, Evgeniya Topolska
The article presents the results of a study of students' perceptions of the online courses' quality in response to the changes accompanying the COVID-19 pandemic and the need to make the transition from face-to-face to distance learning in higher education. This article aims to survey the pedagogy students’ perceptions – these future pre-school and primary school teachers towards the quality of online courses “Didactics of human – society and human – nature”, “Inclusive education” and “Ecological education” during the COVID-19 pandemic. The survey was conducted with 107 future teachers at Veliko Tarnovo University “St. St. Cyril and Methodius” – Vratsa Branch in June after the completion of the online courses in the summer semester during the academic year 2020/2021. The data collection tool is a structured questionnaire developed by A. Young and C. Norgard with closedended items used in this survey in an adapted version and provided to respondents via an access link. In general, the results of the survey show that students have positive perceptions about the quality of online courses. However, they need to be encouraged to be active participants in each of the online courses, including by engaging in online discussions, other proactive interactions as well as performing a variety of assessment tasks, recognizing the importance of goals. Regardless of the outcome of the crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, efforts towards the quality of online courses and the corresponding perceptions of students will therefore continue to be the focus, as changes in the learning environment become more sustainable and the future of higher education should adapt to these changes.
本文介绍了一项关于学生对在线课程质量的看法的研究结果，以应对COVID-19大流行带来的变化，以及高等教育从面对面学习向远程学习过渡的必要性。本文旨在调查新冠肺炎大流行期间，教育学学生——这些未来的学前和小学教师——对“人-社会和人性教学法”、“全纳教育”和“生态教育”在线课程质量的看法。该调查是在2020/2021学年夏季学期完成在线课程后，于6月对大特尔诺沃大学“St. St. Cyril和Methodius”- Vratsa分校的107名未来教师进行的。数据收集工具是一份结构化问卷，由a . Young和C. Norgard开发，其中封闭式项目在本调查中使用的改编版本中，并通过访问链接提供给受访者。总的来说，调查结果显示，学生对在线课程的质量有积极的看法。然而，需要鼓励他们积极参与每一个在线课程，包括参与在线讨论，其他积极的互动，以及执行各种评估任务，认识到目标的重要性。无论COVID-19大流行造成的危机的结果如何，随着学习环境的变化变得更具可持续性，高等教育的未来应适应这些变化，因此，提高在线课程质量的努力和学生的相应看法将继续成为重点。
{"title":"A Study of the Pedagogy Students’ Perceptions toward Online Courses’ Quality during the COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"Svetlana Angelova, Evgeniya Topolska","doi":"10.53656/str2022-2-2-ped","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53656/str2022-2-2-ped","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the results of a study of students' perceptions of the online courses' quality in response to the changes accompanying the COVID-19 pandemic and the need to make the transition from face-to-face to distance learning in higher education. This article aims to survey the pedagogy students’ perceptions – these future pre-school and primary school teachers towards the quality of online courses “Didactics of human – society and human – nature”, “Inclusive education” and “Ecological education” during the COVID-19 pandemic. The survey was conducted with 107 future teachers at Veliko Tarnovo University “St. St. Cyril and Methodius” – Vratsa Branch in June after the completion of the online courses in the summer semester during the academic year 2020/2021. The data collection tool is a structured questionnaire developed by A. Young and C. Norgard with closedended items used in this survey in an adapted version and provided to respondents via an access link. In general, the results of the survey show that students have positive perceptions about the quality of online courses. However, they need to be encouraged to be active participants in each of the online courses, including by engaging in online discussions, other proactive interactions as well as performing a variety of assessment tasks, recognizing the importance of goals. Regardless of the outcome of the crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, efforts towards the quality of online courses and the corresponding perceptions of students will therefore continue to be the focus, as changes in the learning environment become more sustainable and the future of higher education should adapt to these changes.","PeriodicalId":40820,"journal":{"name":"Strategies for Policy in Science and Education-Strategii na Obrazovatelnata i Nauchnata Politika","volume":"117 5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78449084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-10DOI: 10.53656/str2022-2-6-exp
F. Moradi, L. Mousavi, S. Hosseini
Reflective thinking paradigm contains a set of trainings based on the pattern of mental tools and it helps its users to be able to present the educational materials in a framework that embraces the nature of thinking, various learning activities and the learning based on reflective, creative and critical forms of thinking. Reviewing of the related literature shows that most of the challenges are due to learning and learning-related factors. Accordingly, the present study examines the thinking level of senior postgraduate engineering students of Shahre- Rey University. For this purpose, the Reflective Thinking Questionnaire (RTQ) developed by Kember et al. (2000) was used. TOPSIS method was used to evaluate the thinking level of the subjects. The results showed that habitual action, which is one of the skills of reflective thinking, is ranked first and perception is ranked last, which means that the senior postgraduate engineering students learn superficially. It is suggested to ask professors and teachers to hold classes that train reflective thinking skills, so that they can be a good and appropriate model of using reflective thinking skills for their students. So that students can improve their thinking levels and succeed in their math problems solving and these learners have good academic progress.
{"title":"Explaining the Components of Reflective Thinking Based on Fuzzy Topsis Analysis","authors":"F. Moradi, L. Mousavi, S. Hosseini","doi":"10.53656/str2022-2-6-exp","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53656/str2022-2-6-exp","url":null,"abstract":"Reflective thinking paradigm contains a set of trainings based on the pattern of mental tools and it helps its users to be able to present the educational materials in a framework that embraces the nature of thinking, various learning activities and the learning based on reflective, creative and critical forms of thinking. Reviewing of the related literature shows that most of the challenges are due to learning and learning-related factors. Accordingly, the present study examines the thinking level of senior postgraduate engineering students of Shahre- Rey University. For this purpose, the Reflective Thinking Questionnaire (RTQ) developed by Kember et al. (2000) was used. TOPSIS method was used to evaluate the thinking level of the subjects. The results showed that habitual action, which is one of the skills of reflective thinking, is ranked first and perception is ranked last, which means that the senior postgraduate engineering students learn superficially. It is suggested to ask professors and teachers to hold classes that train reflective thinking skills, so that they can be a good and appropriate model of using reflective thinking skills for their students. So that students can improve their thinking levels and succeed in their math problems solving and these learners have good academic progress.","PeriodicalId":40820,"journal":{"name":"Strategies for Policy in Science and Education-Strategii na Obrazovatelnata i Nauchnata Politika","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83075094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-10DOI: 10.53656/str2022-2-5-stu
M. Peneva
In the modern learning process, we are in search of certain ways, which will put every student in an active position. This implies the use of various methods, including the situational method. The present study represents an attempt to examine briefly the attitudes of teachers to the use of situational methods in their pedagogical practice. The main toolkit is a survey with two content areas. The first aims to establish the respondents' understanding of both the nature and the content of the situational method, but also the structure of the learning situation, while the second survey observes the respondents’ readiness to apply it in the learning process. The obtained results give grounds for conclusion with some recommendations for overcoming the weak application of the situational method.
{"title":"Study of Teachers’ Attitudes to the Use of Situational Methods in Their Work","authors":"M. Peneva","doi":"10.53656/str2022-2-5-stu","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53656/str2022-2-5-stu","url":null,"abstract":"In the modern learning process, we are in search of certain ways, which will put every student in an active position. This implies the use of various methods, including the situational method. The present study represents an attempt to examine briefly the attitudes of teachers to the use of situational methods in their pedagogical practice. The main toolkit is a survey with two content areas. The first aims to establish the respondents' understanding of both the nature and the content of the situational method, but also the structure of the learning situation, while the second survey observes the respondents’ readiness to apply it in the learning process. The obtained results give grounds for conclusion with some recommendations for overcoming the weak application of the situational method.","PeriodicalId":40820,"journal":{"name":"Strategies for Policy in Science and Education-Strategii na Obrazovatelnata i Nauchnata Politika","volume":"77 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86145477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-10DOI: 10.53656/str2022-2-7-att
Aleksandar Ranev, K. Kostov
The article reflects the results of a survey among students majoring in Social Pedagogy at Sofia University. The research was conducted through a focus group and a survey and aims to establish the general attitudes for continuing education and career development in the social pedagogy field. The analysis of the results allows to outline guidelines for improving the quality of education and optimizing the curriculum in master's programs in this specialty in order to attract more students and meet the need for qualified and motivated staff working in the social pedagogy sphere.
{"title":"Attitudes, Expectations and Interests among Students for Education and Career Development in the Sphere of Social Pedagogy","authors":"Aleksandar Ranev, K. Kostov","doi":"10.53656/str2022-2-7-att","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53656/str2022-2-7-att","url":null,"abstract":"The article reflects the results of a survey among students majoring in Social Pedagogy at Sofia University. The research was conducted through a focus group and a survey and aims to establish the general attitudes for continuing education and career development in the social pedagogy field. The analysis of the results allows to outline guidelines for improving the quality of education and optimizing the curriculum in master's programs in this specialty in order to attract more students and meet the need for qualified and motivated staff working in the social pedagogy sphere.","PeriodicalId":40820,"journal":{"name":"Strategies for Policy in Science and Education-Strategii na Obrazovatelnata i Nauchnata Politika","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75207503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-10DOI: 10.53656/str2022-2-4-not
V. Boneva
The study focuses on the educational potential of Bulgarian art museums. The system of these museums is briefly described, indicating the specifics of their cultural activities. The great opportunities for education in-and-through these museums are outlined – with examples and concepts. The thesis about the positives of their wider involvement in the educational process is developed on the basis of data from the work of some art museums. The need to develop emotional intelligence and empathy in students through a deeper reading of art is outlined. In this regard, the role of the treasury of Bulgarian art museums is invaluable.
{"title":"Not (Sufficiently) Developed Educational Potential of Bulgarian Art Museums","authors":"V. Boneva","doi":"10.53656/str2022-2-4-not","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53656/str2022-2-4-not","url":null,"abstract":"The study focuses on the educational potential of Bulgarian art museums. The system of these museums is briefly described, indicating the specifics of their cultural activities. The great opportunities for education in-and-through these museums are outlined – with examples and concepts. The thesis about the positives of their wider involvement in the educational process is developed on the basis of data from the work of some art museums. The need to develop emotional intelligence and empathy in students through a deeper reading of art is outlined. In this regard, the role of the treasury of Bulgarian art museums is invaluable.","PeriodicalId":40820,"journal":{"name":"Strategies for Policy in Science and Education-Strategii na Obrazovatelnata i Nauchnata Politika","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83310890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-10DOI: 10.53656/str2022-2-3-pre
H. Bilavych, N. Bakhmat, B. Savchuk, Mykola Pantyuk, Tetyana Pantyuk
The article deals with the analysis of the state of the primary school teachers’ preparation for communicative-rhetorical activity at school, diagnostics of formation of communicative-rhetorical skills of future teachers. The theorists and practitioners give an important place to rhetoric as a science and an academic subject in the training teachers of the new generation. It is the communicative and rhetorical skills as an important component of the general and professional culture of the teacher that will help the primary school educator to organize the pedagogical process effectively, build convincing communication with children, their parents, colleagues, officials etc. However, in the theory and practice of pedagogical education and science the phenomenon of communicative-rhetorical competence as the most important component of the teacher's professional profile is not realized, its structure is not distinguished, psychological and pedagogical bases and, technology of its formation for students are not clearly defined, the world’s experience of rhetorical personality formation is studied. This was confirmed by the results of a survey conducted among undergraduate students, graduates of pedagogical faculties of Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, Kamyanets-Podilsky Ivan Ogienko National University, Drohobych State Pedagogical University of Ivan Franko, students of postgraduate pedagogical education Ivano-Frankivsk, Khmelnytsky, Lviv regions. Thus, most respondents consider their level of communication and rhetorical skills to be insufficient. More than 70% are afraid of the audience; 84% do not know how to speak “without paperˮ. All respondents, including teachers, regardless of work experience, called the main reason for the ineffectiveness of pedagogical communication the fact that during professional training they did not have well-formed communication and rhetorical skills. The obtained results convincingly prove the need for their purposeful formation in future primary school teachers. Optimal construction and implementation of the educational process for the formation of students’ communicative and rhetorical skills is possible with a technological approach, the essence of which is to modernize the didactic system based on the study of its components and experimental verification of its effectiveness, as well as the introduction of in general, the rhetoric of the initial process in the pedagogical institution.
本文分析了小学教师在学校交际修辞活动的准备状况，对未来教师交际修辞技能的形成进行了诊断。修辞学作为一门科学和一门学术学科，在培养新一代教师中占有重要的地位。交际和修辞技巧是教师一般文化和专业文化的重要组成部分，它将帮助小学教育者有效地组织教学过程，与孩子、他们的父母、同事、官员等建立令人信服的沟通。然而，在教学教育和科学的理论和实践中，交际修辞能力作为教师专业形象的最重要组成部分的现象没有被认识到，交际修辞能力的结构没有被区分，交际修辞能力对学生的心理和教学基础及其形成技术没有明确界定，世界上关于修辞人格形成的经验没有得到研究。对本科生、Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian国立大学、Kamyanets-Podilsky Ivan Ogienko国立大学、Drohobych Ivan Franko国立师范大学的毕业生、Ivano-Frankivsk、Khmelnytsky、Lviv地区的研究生进行的一项调查结果证实了这一点。因此，大多数受访者认为他们的沟通水平和修辞技巧不足。超过70%的人害怕观众;84%的人不知道如何在没有纸的情况下说话。包括教师在内的所有受访者，无论工作经验如何，都认为教学沟通无效的主要原因是在专业培训期间他们没有良好的沟通和修辞技巧。所得结果令人信服地证明了未来小学教师有针对性地培养这些能力的必要性。通过一种技术方法，可以优化构建和实施教育过程，以形成学生的交际和修辞技能，其本质是在研究其组成部分和实验验证其有效性的基础上实现教学系统的现代化，以及在教学机构中一般引入初始过程的修辞。
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