Pub Date : 2018-06-13DOI: 10.13128/SIJIS-2239-3978-23374
S. Beukian, Rebecca Graff-Mcrae
This paper explores the intersection of trauma, memory, and identity through the lens of resilience. Here we take resilience in its multiple, even conflicting meanings and resonances – encompassing continuity, persistence, and adaptation. Through the case studies of centenary commemorations in Armenia and Ireland and Northern Ireland, we highlight the ways in which the memory of traumatic historical events both reproduces and challenges dominant narratives of identity. The resilience of memory – its ability to adapt and evolve even as it lays claim to continuity – marks commemoration as a form of haunting, a return with difference that always disrupts the very borders it is deployed to secure. By focusing on resilience understood as the counter-memory that challenges the silencing and overshadowing of mainstream memory, we conclude that it manifests differently in such different cases, and find a surprising point of similarity: the resilience of memory is that it remains. Regardless of claims to timelessness or modernization, the vital function of memory is to persist, to linger, as the trace of the ashes of the conflicted past. In the two cases we look at, the resilience is expressed through counter-memory politics. Through this reflection on two very different cases, we gesture towards a theory of commemoration as resilience that has political implications for post-conflict and post-trauma states.
{"title":"Trauma Stories as Resilience: Armenian and Irish National Identity in a Century of Remembering","authors":"S. Beukian, Rebecca Graff-Mcrae","doi":"10.13128/SIJIS-2239-3978-23374","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13128/SIJIS-2239-3978-23374","url":null,"abstract":"This paper explores the intersection of trauma, memory, and identity through the lens of resilience. Here we take resilience in its multiple, even conflicting meanings and resonances – encompassing continuity, persistence, and adaptation. Through the case studies of centenary commemorations in Armenia and Ireland and Northern Ireland, we highlight the ways in which the memory of traumatic historical events both reproduces and challenges dominant narratives of identity. The resilience of memory – its ability to adapt and evolve even as it lays claim to continuity – marks commemoration as a form of haunting, a return with difference that always disrupts the very borders it is deployed to secure. By focusing on resilience understood as the counter-memory that challenges the silencing and overshadowing of mainstream memory, we conclude that it manifests differently in such different cases, and find a surprising point of similarity: the resilience of memory is that it remains. Regardless of claims to timelessness or modernization, the vital function of memory is to persist, to linger, as the trace of the ashes of the conflicted past. In the two cases we look at, the resilience is expressed through counter-memory politics. Through this reflection on two very different cases, we gesture towards a theory of commemoration as resilience that has political implications for post-conflict and post-trauma states.","PeriodicalId":40876,"journal":{"name":"Studi irlandesi-A Journal of Irish Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":"157-188"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.13128/SIJIS-2239-3978-23374","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47116194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-13DOI: 10.13128/SIJIS-2239-3978-23316
M. Levene
The Ottoman Armenians is not in doubt. But historicizing these events within the context of diverse and segmented Armenian responses to the 1914-1918 war has proved more problematic, not least as acknowledging any element of separatist or even insurrectionary intentions might appear to give retrospective legitimacy to the claims that the Ittihadust regime was acting against a genuine security threat. In considering the origins, scope and outcome of the Ottoman-Armenian collision by comparative reference to a synchronous British-Irish dynamic, this essay seeks to more than simply illustrate how peoples across the globe were thrown through the maelstrom of war into unlikely, including sometimes murderous contact with one another. More importantly, its purpose is to probe how for all the singularity of the Medz Yeghern, the Armenian fate might be understood within a broader landscape of emergent European secessionist nationalism and imperial response both during and in the aftermath of the Great War.
{"title":"From Armenian Red Sunday to Irish Easter Rising: Incorporating Insurrectionary Politics into the History of the Great War’s Genocidal Turn, 1915-16","authors":"M. Levene","doi":"10.13128/SIJIS-2239-3978-23316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13128/SIJIS-2239-3978-23316","url":null,"abstract":"The Ottoman Armenians is not in doubt. But historicizing these events within the context of diverse and segmented Armenian responses to the 1914-1918 war has proved more problematic, not least as acknowledging any element of separatist or even insurrectionary intentions might appear to give retrospective legitimacy to the claims that the Ittihadust regime was acting against a genuine security threat. In considering the origins, scope and outcome of the Ottoman-Armenian collision by comparative reference to a synchronous British-Irish dynamic, this essay seeks to more than simply illustrate how peoples across the globe were thrown through the maelstrom of war into unlikely, including sometimes murderous contact with one another. More importantly, its purpose is to probe how for all the singularity of the Medz Yeghern, the Armenian fate might be understood within a broader landscape of emergent European secessionist nationalism and imperial response both during and in the aftermath of the Great War.","PeriodicalId":40876,"journal":{"name":"Studi irlandesi-A Journal of Irish Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":"109-134"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46117767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-11-04DOI: 10.13128/SIJIS-2239-3978-13803
A. Antonielli
In his Introduction to A Vision, Yeats defined his work as “a last act of defense against the chaos of the world”. A last act though which he wanted to give unity, through a rich symbolic substrate, to the space outside of nature and the space within his own mind. A unity he first met and fully understood when he joined Madame Blavatsky’s Theosophical Society in 1887. This essay aims to examine the influence theosophy on Yeats’s literary works, namely on A Vision and how theosophical methodologies of investigation helped him to discover and adopt a metaphysical approach in his own internalisation and representation of material and spiritual realities.
{"title":"The Theosophical Symbolism in Yeats’s Vision","authors":"A. Antonielli","doi":"10.13128/SIJIS-2239-3978-13803","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13128/SIJIS-2239-3978-13803","url":null,"abstract":"In his Introduction to A Vision, Yeats defined his work as “a last act of defense against the chaos of the world”. A last act though which he wanted to give unity, through a rich symbolic substrate, to the space outside of nature and the space within his own mind. A unity he first met and fully understood when he joined Madame Blavatsky’s Theosophical Society in 1887. This essay aims to examine the influence theosophy on Yeats’s literary works, namely on A Vision and how theosophical methodologies of investigation helped him to discover and adopt a metaphysical approach in his own internalisation and representation of material and spiritual realities.","PeriodicalId":40876,"journal":{"name":"Studi irlandesi-A Journal of Irish Studies","volume":"2 1","pages":"7-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.13128/SIJIS-2239-3978-13803","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46631501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-06-09DOI: 10.13128/SIJIS-2239-3978-20759
Dieter Reinisch
This is an interview with former IRA prisoners, 1981 hunger striker, and Irish Republican activist Laurence McKeown. He received an Open University Degree in HMP Maze and went on to conduct a PhD at Queen’s University Belfast. McKeown is now a play writer who lives in the Republic of Ireland. In this interview, he speaks about growing up in the North of Ireland, how he became an Irish Republican, the conflict in the North of Ireland, his prison experience in the H-Blocks of HMP Maze, the prison protests that led to the hunger strikes, and his life after prison, studying at university during the conflict, the sectarianism, and his life as a play writer. The interview was conducted during the conference “Irish Society, History & Culture: 100 Years After 1916” at the European University Institute in Florence in October 2016.
{"title":"Interview with Former Political Prisoner, Irish Republican Activist, and Playwright Laurence McKeown","authors":"Dieter Reinisch","doi":"10.13128/SIJIS-2239-3978-20759","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13128/SIJIS-2239-3978-20759","url":null,"abstract":"This is an interview with former IRA prisoners, 1981 hunger striker, and Irish Republican activist Laurence McKeown. He received an Open University Degree in HMP Maze and went on to conduct a PhD at Queen’s University Belfast. McKeown is now a play writer who lives in the Republic of Ireland. In this interview, he speaks about growing up in the North of Ireland, how he became an Irish Republican, the conflict in the North of Ireland, his prison experience in the H-Blocks of HMP Maze, the prison protests that led to the hunger strikes, and his life after prison, studying at university during the conflict, the sectarianism, and his life as a play writer. The interview was conducted during the conference “Irish Society, History & Culture: 100 Years After 1916” at the European University Institute in Florence in October 2016.","PeriodicalId":40876,"journal":{"name":"Studi irlandesi-A Journal of Irish Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":"223-239"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42447033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-06-09DOI: 10.13128/SIJIS-2239-3978-20762
A. Chang
This essay examines the issue of a dual nature of mother and mother-daughter relationship in Edna O’Brien’s “Cords” (1968), “A Rose in the Heart” (1978) and “Sister Imelda” (1981). O’Brien’s mother-daughter scenario uncovers a distressing picture of a dilemma between mother and daughter concerning intimacy and separation or oneness and individuation. The “phantomic” presence of a mother/maternal figure in three stories serves as, paradoxically, a source of both empowerment and disempowerment resulting from women’s role of subservience under patriarchy. As identified by Heather Ingman or Helen Thompson, an approach to evaluating women’s psychological developmental process may be useful in this respect to illuminate such problematic mother-daughter complex in a motif presented with O’Brien’s typical negative narrative of domestic romance. This familiar yet alien, the Freudian uncanny, metaphoric mother appears powerless yet monstrous to the daughter who has attempted every effort to bury alive the ghosts in the past memories intertwined with this mother in her struggle towards individuation. The dual conflicting image of a loving and devouring mother is perhaps associated with an inherent culture of women’s abjection and individuation under patriarchy in western society.
{"title":"The Uncanny Mother in Edna O’Brien’s “Cords”, “A Rose in the Heart” and “Sister Imelda”","authors":"A. Chang","doi":"10.13128/SIJIS-2239-3978-20762","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13128/SIJIS-2239-3978-20762","url":null,"abstract":"This essay examines the issue of a dual nature of mother and mother-daughter relationship in Edna O’Brien’s “Cords” (1968), “A Rose in the Heart” (1978) and “Sister Imelda” (1981). O’Brien’s mother-daughter scenario uncovers a distressing picture of a dilemma between mother and daughter concerning intimacy and separation or oneness and individuation. The “phantomic” presence of a mother/maternal figure in three stories serves as, paradoxically, a source of both empowerment and disempowerment resulting from women’s role of subservience under patriarchy. As identified by Heather Ingman or Helen Thompson, an approach to evaluating women’s psychological developmental process may be useful in this respect to illuminate such problematic mother-daughter complex in a motif presented with O’Brien’s typical negative narrative of domestic romance. This familiar yet alien, the Freudian uncanny, metaphoric mother appears powerless yet monstrous to the daughter who has attempted every effort to bury alive the ghosts in the past memories intertwined with this mother in her struggle towards individuation. The dual conflicting image of a loving and devouring mother is perhaps associated with an inherent culture of women’s abjection and individuation under patriarchy in western society.","PeriodicalId":40876,"journal":{"name":"Studi irlandesi-A Journal of Irish Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":"283-300"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.13128/SIJIS-2239-3978-20762","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43604355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-06-08DOI: 10.13128/SIJIS-2239-3978-20763
Melania Terrazas
The Butcher Boy (1992) is the third novel by Northern Irish author Patrick McCabe. It tells the story of 12-year-old Francie Brady and is set in the small town of Clones, in western County Monaghan, Ireland in the early 1960s. The town was badly hit economically by the partition of Ireland in 1921 because of its location on the border with County Fermanagh in Northern Ireland. The Butcher Boy emphasises the significant influence the instability of the community during the 1960s, a time of rapid change and ethnic and political violence, has on this dysfunctional Brady family. These political and economic circumstances are very relevant for our discussion because the Bradys, as part of this small community, suffer from some post-traumatic consequences derived from these circumstances, which affect their psychological state and identity in very negative terms. This paper focuses on how McCabe recreates Francie’s post-traumatic effects of such a difficult childhood and upbringing through formal literary devices characteristic of both trauma fiction and satire rhetoric, and to what effect the Irish writer uses them.
{"title":"Satire and Trauma in Patrick McCabe’s The Butcher Boy","authors":"Melania Terrazas","doi":"10.13128/SIJIS-2239-3978-20763","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13128/SIJIS-2239-3978-20763","url":null,"abstract":"The Butcher Boy (1992) is the third novel by Northern Irish author Patrick McCabe. It tells the story of 12-year-old Francie Brady and is set in the small town of Clones, in western County Monaghan, Ireland in the early 1960s. The town was badly hit economically by the partition of Ireland in 1921 because of its location on the border with County Fermanagh in Northern Ireland. The Butcher Boy emphasises the significant influence the instability of the community during the 1960s, a time of rapid change and ethnic and political violence, has on this dysfunctional Brady family. These political and economic circumstances are very relevant for our discussion because the Bradys, as part of this small community, suffer from some post-traumatic consequences derived from these circumstances, which affect their psychological state and identity in very negative terms. This paper focuses on how McCabe recreates Francie’s post-traumatic effects of such a difficult childhood and upbringing through formal literary devices characteristic of both trauma fiction and satire rhetoric, and to what effect the Irish writer uses them.","PeriodicalId":40876,"journal":{"name":"Studi irlandesi-A Journal of Irish Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":"301-319"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.13128/SIJIS-2239-3978-20763","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45980299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-06-08DOI: 10.13128/SIJIS-2239-3978-20753
Seán Ó Cadhla
Irish physical-force Republicanism has long been noted for its tendency to promote the tropes of martyrdom and immortality as core tenets of its ideological belief system. This essay sets out to examine the genre of Republican death ballads so as to identify how such essentialist concepts are represented and promoted within the attendant song tradition. Particular attention will be paid to works that deploy overtly supernatural tropes in order to articulate the key Republican concept of heroic immortality. The present research will demonstrate the consistency with which such narrative devices have been retained within the Republican song tradition into the late twentieth century and beyond, a time when their utilisation had become largely redundant within the broader folksong tradition
{"title":"“Young Men of Erin, Our Dead Are Calling”: Death, Immortality and the Otherworld in Modern Irish Republican Ballads","authors":"Seán Ó Cadhla","doi":"10.13128/SIJIS-2239-3978-20753","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13128/SIJIS-2239-3978-20753","url":null,"abstract":"Irish physical-force Republicanism has long been noted for its tendency to promote the tropes of martyrdom and immortality as core tenets of its ideological belief system. This essay sets out to examine the genre of Republican death ballads so as to identify how such essentialist concepts are represented and promoted within the attendant song tradition. Particular attention will be paid to works that deploy overtly supernatural tropes in order to articulate the key Republican concept of heroic immortality. The present research will demonstrate the consistency with which such narrative devices have been retained within the Republican song tradition into the late twentieth century and beyond, a time when their utilisation had become largely redundant within the broader folksong tradition","PeriodicalId":40876,"journal":{"name":"Studi irlandesi-A Journal of Irish Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":"113-144"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48162637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-06-08DOI: 10.13128/SIJIS-2239-3978-20752
F. Royall
This article focuses on the mobilization cycle of Occupy in Ireland. It looks first at factors which facilitated the building of group solidarity before turning attention to some of the processes which led participants to become disillusioned and, ultimately, to demobilize. I argue that, in the short term, Occupy was of particular importance to many of the occupiers – and the more socially fragile participants notably – because it helped them to make their voices heard and to deal with their day-to-day personal concerns. Such a process was also of assistance to create a form of group identity and solidarity. In the longer term, however, the Occupy camps became beset by a number of unintended – and interrelated – complications. These relate to the rise in increasingly destabilizing power struggles and to the upsurge in doubts about the ways the camps were run. Both these issues undermined group solidarity and contributed, ultimately, to widespread disillusionment and to demobilization.
{"title":"From solidarity to disillusionment","authors":"F. Royall","doi":"10.13128/SIJIS-2239-3978-20752","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13128/SIJIS-2239-3978-20752","url":null,"abstract":"This article focuses on the mobilization cycle of Occupy in Ireland. It looks first at factors which facilitated the building of group solidarity before turning attention to some of the processes which led participants to become disillusioned and, ultimately, to demobilize. I argue that, in the short term, Occupy was of particular importance to many of the occupiers – and the more socially fragile participants notably – because it helped them to make their voices heard and to deal with their day-to-day personal concerns. Such a process was also of assistance to create a form of group identity and solidarity. In the longer term, however, the Occupy camps became beset by a number of unintended – and interrelated – complications. These relate to the rise in increasingly destabilizing power struggles and to the upsurge in doubts about the ways the camps were run. Both these issues undermined group solidarity and contributed, ultimately, to widespread disillusionment and to demobilization.","PeriodicalId":40876,"journal":{"name":"Studi irlandesi-A Journal of Irish Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":"93-112"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42599452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-06-08DOI: 10.13128/SIJIS-2239-3978-20751
Patrick Mcdonagh
The current historiography on the early gay and lesbian liberation movement in Ireland 1970s-1990s has resulted in a narrative which has focused solely on the battle to decriminalise sexual activity between males. In turn, this has presented a picture of a movement comprised of one individual, David Norris, and one goal, decriminalisation. This narrative is predominantly an urban one, which excludes the activities of provincial activists, and most notably lesbian women. In this paper, I move away from viewing David Norris’ legal battle as the only form of resistance to Ireland’s sexual mores. Instead, I explore the other, often forgotten, forms of resistance carried out by Ireland’s gay and lesbian citizens; such as their attempts to create public spaces for gay and lesbian individuals; the appearance of homosexuals in the media to try dispel the negative stereotypes of homosexuality, and finally, their organisation of public demonstrations to declare pride in their identity and demand their place in Irish society. By doing so, these actions facilitated a public dialogue around homosexuality, which ultimately helped change the negative assumptions surrounding homosexuality and renegotiated Ireland’s sexual mores.
{"title":"‘Homosexuals Are Revolting’ – Gay & Lesbian Activism in the Republic of Ireland 1970s – 1990s","authors":"Patrick Mcdonagh","doi":"10.13128/SIJIS-2239-3978-20751","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13128/SIJIS-2239-3978-20751","url":null,"abstract":"The current historiography on the early gay and lesbian liberation movement in Ireland 1970s-1990s has resulted in a narrative which has focused solely on the battle to decriminalise sexual activity between males. In turn, this has presented a picture of a movement comprised of one individual, David Norris, and one goal, decriminalisation. This narrative is predominantly an urban one, which excludes the activities of provincial activists, and most notably lesbian women. In this paper, I move away from viewing David Norris’ legal battle as the only form of resistance to Ireland’s sexual mores. Instead, I explore the other, often forgotten, forms of resistance carried out by Ireland’s gay and lesbian citizens; such as their attempts to create public spaces for gay and lesbian individuals; the appearance of homosexuals in the media to try dispel the negative stereotypes of homosexuality, and finally, their organisation of public demonstrations to declare pride in their identity and demand their place in Irish society. By doing so, these actions facilitated a public dialogue around homosexuality, which ultimately helped change the negative assumptions surrounding homosexuality and renegotiated Ireland’s sexual mores.","PeriodicalId":40876,"journal":{"name":"Studi irlandesi-A Journal of Irish Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":"65-91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.13128/SIJIS-2239-3978-20751","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48096367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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