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High gain low power low noise trans-impedance amplifier for current sensing application 用于电流传感的高增益、低功率、低噪声跨阻抗放大器
K. R. Ranjan, R. Prasad
This paper work is about a transimpedance amplifier which have very high gain and sensitivity designed using cadence CMOS 0.18 μm technology with supply voltage of 1.8 V dissipates power 43μW suitable for current sensing signals from a sensor, molecular and nanodevice system. The integrator based circuit followed by an ADC. Because of the ability to handle large standing currents, the circuit is competent for use in the biological system where physical medium is also present. The trans-impedance amplifier (TIA) designed has low noise high gain which make it suitable to interface with ADC. A capacitive-feedback current amplifier drives current in to active load to obtain a 80 M-Om trans-impedance gain, 1.79 MHZ bandwidth phase response near 0.
本文采用cadence CMOS 0.18 μm技术设计了一种具有高增益和灵敏度的跨阻放大器,其电源电压为1.8 V,功耗为43μW,适用于传感器、分子和纳米器件系统的电流传感信号。基于积分器的电路随后是ADC。由于能够处理大电流,该电路也适用于有物理介质存在的生物系统。所设计的跨阻抗放大器具有低噪声、高增益的特点,适合与ADC接口。电容反馈电流放大器驱动电流进入有源负载,获得80 M-Om的跨阻抗增益,1.79 MHZ带宽相位响应接近0。
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引用次数: 4
Modified Ant-AODV-VANET routing protocol for Vehicular Adhoc Network 车载Adhoc网络中改进的Ant-AODV-VANET路由协议
A. Datta
Analysis of Network Intermediate Connectivity is one of the important and challenging issues in Vehicular Adhoc Network (VANET). Gradually, intermediate connectivity among the nodes becomes a popular interesting research paradigm in high mobility domain. It depends upon the movement pattern of the vehicles and the routing of packet transmission depends upon the connectivity of the nodes. Among the possible connectivity in VANET scenario, the stable connectivity is prioritized. Due to the unique characteristics of VANET, this type of network troubles more serious problems in routing process. This paper discusses about an optimized and reliable routing strategy in Vehicular Adhoc Network (VANET) scenario for smart cities. In this work, connectivity is evaluated on the basis of logic of a Boolean Expression which is created using the category of speed of vehicle and direction of vehicle movement with respect to other vehicles. The experimental result is shown the performance of the proposed routing protocol over an existing connectivity oriented routing protocol of VANET. From the result analysis, this new approach decreases the delay and increases the throughput of the packet transmission.
网络中间连通性分析是车载自组网(VANET)研究的重要课题之一。节点间的中间连通性逐渐成为高移动性领域中一个热门的研究范式。它取决于车辆的移动模式,数据包传输的路由取决于节点的连通性。在VANET场景中,稳定连接被优先考虑。由于VANET的独特特性,这种类型的网络在路由过程中遇到了更为严重的问题。本文讨论了智慧城市车载自组网(VANET)场景下的优化可靠路由策略。在这项工作中,连接性是根据布尔表达式的逻辑进行评估的,该表达式是使用车辆的速度类别和车辆相对于其他车辆的移动方向创建的。实验结果表明,该路由协议的性能优于现有的VANET面向连通性的路由协议。从结果分析来看,该方法降低了时延,提高了分组传输的吞吐量。
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引用次数: 7
Impact on gate oxide material of inverted ‘T’ Junctionless FinFET at 22 nm technology node 22nm工艺节点对倒“T”型无结FinFET栅极氧化材料的影响
B. Vandana, J. Das, S. K. Mohapatra, M. Jyothi
The paper investigates the impact of effective oxide thickness (EOT) on inverted ‘T’ Junctionless FinFET (JLT) on an SOI platform. Due to the scaling trends the isolation at gate/channel interface is important to understand; accordingly an EOT with 1 and 1.5 nm is used in our simulation work. With the fixed EOT values the physical oxide thickness are calculated for different dielectric materials and short channel parameters along with analog performances are investigated. At nanoscale regime, JLTs are predominant with uniform high doping concentration with no doping gradients, and the bulk conduction mechanism is preferred. The two parameters VTH extraction method and the ratio TK/LG are included which significantly down scale the short channel effects (SCEs).
本文研究了有效氧化物厚度(EOT)对SOI平台上倒“T”型无结FinFET (JLT)的影响。由于缩放趋势,理解门/通道接口的隔离是很重要的;因此,在我们的模拟工作中使用了1和1.5 nm的EOT。在确定EOT值的情况下,计算了不同介质材料的物理氧化物厚度,研究了短通道参数及其模拟性能。在纳米尺度下,jlt以均匀的高掺杂浓度和无掺杂梯度为主,以体传导机制为主。采用VTH提取方法和TK/LG比值两个参数,显著减小了短信道效应。
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引用次数: 0
MPPT based high gain converter 基于MPPT的高增益变换器
S. Amritendu, S. Arun
The popularity of renewable energy resources increasing day by day. Among the renewable energy technologies photovoltaic technology is the most famous one because of its cheapness in cost and availability. A high gain converter based on MPPT is proposed here. P&O algorithm is used in MPPT which enables to track the point of maximum power. The high gain converter consisting of a coupled inductor which enhances the gain of the system. The performance of the system verified using MATLAB/Simulink modeling.
可再生能源日益普及。在可再生能源技术中,光伏技术以其成本低廉、可获得性好而著称。本文提出了一种基于MPPT的高增益变换器。MPPT采用P&O算法,实现了对最大功率点的跟踪。由一个耦合电感组成的高增益变换器提高了系统的增益。利用MATLAB/Simulink建模对系统的性能进行了验证。
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引用次数: 0
Approximation to an unstable, MIMO waste water treatment plant 近似于一个不稳定的多输入多输出污水处理厂
Shashi Kant Chaudhary, Awadhesh Kumar
This paper presents an application of model order reduction technique to unstable waste water treatment plent using optimal Hankel Norm Approximation. For unstable system a decomposition algorithm has been applied to break the unstable system into stable and unstable part. Then reduced order model of the stable part has been obtained through Hankel Norm Approximation and finally the reduced order model of unstable system has been obtained by combining the reduced model of stable part and decomposed unstable part. A numerical procedure of the plant has been carried out to show the effectiveness.
本文采用最优汉克尔范数逼近法,将模型降阶技术应用于不稳定污水处理厂。对于不稳定系统,采用分解算法将不稳定系统分解为稳定部分和不稳定部分。然后通过Hankel范数近似得到稳定部分的降阶模型,最后将稳定部分的降阶模型与分解不稳定部分的降阶模型结合得到不稳定系统的降阶模型。对该装置进行了数值计算,验证了该方法的有效性。
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引用次数: 0
Formal modeling of smart home monitoring system 智能家居监控系统的形式化建模
Shabi Farooq, N. Zafar, Farhan Ullah
In this paper, we describe smart sensors, actors, user, alarm system, smart appliances of our proposed smart home model. We also describe the main problems of the smart home which are safety, security and energy saving. In our smart home model wireless sensor, actors, smart appliances, and user communicate with each other and with the central system. Sensors collect data about abnormal home situations or events and send this data to the central system. The system further communicates with the user and events are handled by the central system, user and smart actors depending upon the nature of the event. Actors perform necessary functions on the basis of information provided by the sensor. Sensors are installed at different locations in the home. The components of our proposed smart home model are implemented by developing a formal specification of components using VDM-SL. VDM-SL is a formal specification language used for analysis of complex systems. The developed specification is validated, verified and analysed using.
在本文中,我们描述了智能传感器,演员,用户,报警系统,智能家电我们提出的智能家居模型。我们还描述了智能家居的主要问题,即安全、安保和节能。在我们的智能家居模型中,无线传感器、演员、智能家电和用户相互通信,并与中央系统通信。传感器收集有关异常家庭情况或事件的数据,并将这些数据发送到中央系统。系统进一步与用户通信,事件由中央系统、用户和智能参与者根据事件的性质处理。行动者根据传感器提供的信息执行必要的功能。传感器安装在家里的不同位置。我们提出的智能家居模型的组件是通过使用VDM-SL开发组件的正式规范来实现的。VDM-SL是一种用于分析复杂系统的正式规范语言。开发的规范被验证,验证和分析使用。
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引用次数: 0
Non-conventional energy sources using piezoelectric crystal for wearable electronics 使用压电晶体的可穿戴电子设备的非常规能源
A. Bhaumik, A. Das, A. Mishra, A. Shaw, A. Yadav, Sunipa Roy
Limited storage capacity of battery constricts the usefulness of most high technology devices such as cell phones, computers, and sensors. In the future, these limitations will become more pronounced as the demand for wireless power outpaces battery development which is already at its best. Thus, we need to come up with new power generation techniques which will be used as an energy source for the next generation of wearable computers, wireless sensors, and autonomous systems. Piezoelectric materials nowadays play a major role in the so called smart materials because of their ability to couple mechanical and electrical properties. The direct piezoelectric effect is that these materials, when subjected to mechanical stress, generate an electric charge proportional to that stress. The inverse piezoelectric effect is that these materials become strained when an electric field is applied, the strain again being proportional to the applied field. Piezoelectric materials are generally used as sensors and actuators. Piezoelectric energy generation at the sub-micron-scale have infinite scope for research and application in upcoming technologies. This paper presents a theoretical and experimental analysis to generate non-conventional energy using piezoelectric crystals to power wearable devices.
电池有限的存储容量限制了大多数高科技设备如手机、电脑和传感器的使用。在未来,随着对无线电源的需求超过电池的发展,这些限制将变得更加明显,而电池的发展已经处于最佳状态。因此,我们需要提出新的发电技术,作为下一代可穿戴电脑、无线传感器和自主系统的能源。压电材料由于其耦合机械和电气性能的能力,在所谓的智能材料中起着重要的作用。直接压电效应是指当这些材料受到机械应力时,会产生与该应力成正比的电荷。逆压电效应是当施加电场时,这些材料变得应变,应变又与施加的电场成正比。压电材料一般用作传感器和致动器。亚微米尺度的压电发电在未来的技术中具有无限的研究和应用空间。本文介绍了利用压电晶体为可穿戴设备供电产生非常规能量的理论和实验分析。
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引用次数: 0
Resonant frequency of an inhomogeneous Rectangular Microstrip Antenna 非均匀矩形微带天线的谐振频率
S. Maity, M. Gangopadhyaya, B. Gupta
A theoretical investigation is presented for inhomogeneous Rectangular Microstrip Antenna (RMA). The inhomogenity is introduced by adding two different substrate materials side by side. Transcendental equation is given here to predict the resonant frequency for different modes. Fundamental mode only is investigated here. Theoretical results on resonant frequency are compared with data obtained using 3D numerical EM simulator to show the accuracy of our theory.
对非均匀矩形微带天线(RMA)进行了理论研究。通过将两种不同的衬底材料并排添加,引入了不均匀性。本文给出了预测不同模态下谐振频率的超越方程。这里只研究基模。将理论计算结果与三维数值模拟结果进行了比较,验证了理论计算的准确性。
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引用次数: 1
Impact of AlGaN barrier layer on DC and AC characteristics of AlxGa1−xN/GaN MOSHEMT AlGaN阻挡层对AlxGa1−xN/GaN MOSHEMT直流和交流特性的影响
Nishi Tiwari, Suraj K. Gupta, S. Mishra
Wide Band (W-Band) Metal Oxide Semiconductor with High Electron Mobility Transistor was purposed on the AlxGa1−xN/GaN heterostructure with 25nm, 30nm, 35nm and 40nm AlxGa1−xN layer thickness, respectively. AlxGa1−xN/GaN MOSHEMT with thicker AlxGa1-xN layer shows better RF characteristics than other thinner AlxGa1−xN layer, due to better removal of short channel effect. In case of 40nm thickness, maximum cut-off frequency is about 11 THz, while in case of 25nm, 30nm and 35nm maximum cut-off frequency is about 7.5THz, 6THz and 5THz respectively. In case of DC performance some of the characteristics of AlxGa1-xN/GaN MOSHEMT shows the better characteristics with thinner AlxGa1−xN layer thickness. We can conclude that if we increase the thickness of the AlGaN layer, short channel effect is not more prominent in the device compare to the thinner barrier layer.
在AlxGa1−xN层厚度分别为25nm、30nm、35nm和40nm的AlxGa1−xN/GaN异质结构上制备了具有高电子迁移率晶体管的w波段金属氧化物半导体。AlxGa1-xN层较厚的AlxGa1-xN /GaN MOSHEMT由于能更好地去除短通道效应,其射频特性优于其他较薄的AlxGa1-xN层。当厚度为40nm时,最大截止频率约为11thz,而当厚度为25nm、30nm和35nm时,最大截止频率分别约为7.5THz、6THz和5THz。在直流性能方面,AlxGa1-xN/GaN MOSHEMT的某些特性在AlxGa1-xN层厚度越薄时表现得越好。我们可以得出结论,如果我们增加AlGaN层的厚度,短通道效应在器件中并不比更薄的阻挡层更突出。
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引用次数: 2
An intelligent method for classification of normal and aggressive actions from electromyography signals 一种从肌电信号中分类正常和攻击性动作的智能方法
Gopal Chandra Jana, A. Swetapadma, P. Pattnaik
In this paper an intelligent method called adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) is proposed for discriminating normal actions from aggressive actions using the features extracted from electromyography (EMG) signals. Classification of normal and aggressive actions are essential for diseases and prosthetic arm controls. But accurate classification of physical actions are sometimes not possible using raw EMG signals. To enhance the classification accuracy feature extraction is an essential criterion. Hence in this work wavelet analysis is used for feature extraction from EMG signals to provide a suitable pattern to the ANFIS based classifier. The EMG signals are decomposed using DB-4 wavelet up to level 5 and approximate coefficients are extracted. Approximate coefficients from the signals are taken as input to the ANFIS module to classify the physical actions. The proposed method is validated using various test cases and it is observed that accuracy of the proposed method is up to 98% from all the tested cases.
本文提出了一种自适应神经模糊推理系统(ANFIS)的智能方法,利用肌电信号提取的特征来区分正常动作和攻击动作。正常和攻击性行为的分类对于疾病和义肢控制至关重要。但是,使用原始的肌电图信号有时不可能对身体动作进行准确的分类。特征提取是提高分类精度的重要标准。因此,在这项工作中,小波分析用于肌电信号的特征提取,为基于ANFIS的分类器提供合适的模式。采用DB-4小波进行5级分解,提取近似系数。信号的近似系数被作为输入输入到ANFIS模块,以对物理动作进行分类。使用不同的测试用例对所提出的方法进行了验证,从所有测试用例中观察到所提出的方法的准确率高达98%。
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引用次数: 9
期刊
2017 1st International Conference on Electronics, Materials Engineering and Nano-Technology (IEMENTech)
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