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Muzeologia a Kulturne Dedicstvo-Museology and Cultural Heritage最新文献

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Watermills and windmills as monuments in Poland - protection of cultural heritage in situ and in open-air museums 波兰作为纪念碑的水磨坊和风车——就地和露天博物馆的文化遗产保护
IF 0.3 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2020-09-01 DOI: 10.46284/mkd.2020.8.3.2
Zachariasz Mosakowski, D. Brykała, M. Prarat, D. Jagiełło, Zbigniew Podgórski, P. Lamparski
Watermills and windmills as monuments in Poland protection of cultural heritage in situ and in open-air museums This paper presents the results of research on the history of the protection of mills as objects of cultural heritage on Polish lands. First, the spatial distribution of over 20,000 mills at the beginning of the previous century is characterized, then the main actions undertaken for their protection in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries are discussed. Merely 3.4% of mills that worked in the past are now protected as monuments and recorded in the national register. Most of them remain in their original locations (in situ), and another 71 windmills and 22 watermills have been relocated to open-air museums. These specific institutions face a particularly important task involving the necessity to retain the original functionality of the mills.
水磨坊和风车作为波兰的文化遗产保护遗址和露天博物馆本文介绍了对波兰土地上作为文化遗产对象的磨坊保护历史的研究结果。首先,对上个世纪初2万多家钢厂的空间分布进行了描述,然后讨论了19世纪和20世纪为保护这些钢厂所采取的主要行动。只有3.4%的过去的工厂现在被保护为纪念碑,并被记录在国家登记册中。其中大部分仍在原来的位置(原地),另有71个风车和22个水磨已搬迁到露天博物馆。这些特定的机构面临着一项特别重要的任务,涉及保留工厂原有功能的必要性。
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引用次数: 6
From Świdnica to Bratislava: The sculpture of Christ the Saviour from the collection of the Slovak National Gallery 从希维德尼察到布拉迪斯拉发:斯洛伐克国家美术馆收藏的救世主基督雕塑
IF 0.3 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2020-09-01 DOI: 10.46284/mkd.2020.8.3.4
Artur Kolbiarz
Among the works that stand out in the Baroque sculpture collection of the Slovak National Gallery (SNG) is the figure of the Saviour by Georg Leonhard Weber of Świdnica. Surveys conducted in Slovak, Czech and Polish museums, combined with field studies, have made it possible to provide hitherto unexplored artistic context of the work. They have made it possible to trace the formal origins of the Bratislava Saviour as well as its later imitations. The sculpture is carved with virtuosic precision; it develops a concept derived from ancient art and is the finest example of Weber’s early oeuvre. Also, it constitutes a link between works made in his workshop over four decades. The present study demonstrates the advantages of an interdisciplinary and international analysis of museum collections. It highlights the significance of the sculpture in question to Central European cultural heritage, expanding the knowledge of museum collections in three different countries.
在斯洛伐克国家美术馆(SNG)的巴洛克雕塑收藏中脱颖而出的作品之一是希维尼察的Georg Leonhard Weber的救世主雕像。在斯洛伐克、捷克和波兰的博物馆进行的调查,结合实地研究,使我们能够提供迄今为止尚未探索的作品艺术背景。它们使人们能够追溯布拉迪斯拉发救世主的正式起源及其后来的仿制品。这座雕塑雕刻精美;它发展了一个源自古代艺术的概念,是韦伯早期作品的最好例子。此外,它构成了他40多年来在工作室创作的作品之间的联系。本研究展示了对博物馆藏品进行跨学科和国际分析的优势。它强调了该雕塑对中欧文化遗产的重要性,扩大了对三个不同国家博物馆藏品的了解。
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引用次数: 1
“Bones in the sandbox”: museum as “world picture” vs museum as “lifeworld” “沙盒里的骨头”:作为“世界图景”的博物馆vs作为“生活世界”的博物馆
IF 0.3 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.46284/mkd.2020.8.4.2
Vladimir Plokhotnyuk, I. Przhilenskaya, V. Przhilenskiy
This article deals with the issues of museum communication and interpretation of museum exhibits in a philosophical and cultural context. As an example, it considers two different ways of presenting palaeontological material – specifically, the skeleton of a southern mammoth – revealing differences in how the semantic content is interpreted. The first method – the traditional approach of assembling the skeleton – gives a “world picture” of a certain era, as it appears to a palaeontologist. The second approach presents the skeleton in a “sandbox”, representing how it was found during excavations, such that viewers deal not with the interpreted “ready-made” material, but with the contemporary experienced reality – the “life-world”, the “raw” source material. This allows visitors to realize their own creative potential and to recreate the nature of the Pleistocene epoch in their imagination. Thus, through the mutual correlation of the roles exhibition’s author and of the visitor as an interpreter, the semantic field of museum communication expands. In Heidegger’s conception, a “ hides the world rather than explains it, while the “life world” represents it as it is.
本文探讨了在哲学和文化语境下的博物馆传播和博物馆展品解读问题。作为一个例子,它考虑了两种不同的方式来呈现古生物材料——特别是南方猛犸象的骨骼——揭示了如何解释语义内容的差异。第一种方法——组装骨骼的传统方法——在古生物学家看来,给出了一个特定时代的“世界图景”。第二种方法是在“沙盒”中呈现骨骼,代表它是如何在挖掘过程中被发现的,这样观众就不会处理被解释的“现成”材料,而是与当代体验的现实-“生活世界”,“原始”的原始材料。这使游客能够发挥自己的创造潜力,并在他们的想象中重现更新世时代的自然。因此,通过展览的作者角色和作为阐释者的参观者角色的相互关联,博物馆传播的语义场域得以扩展。在海德格尔的概念中,“一个”隐藏了世界,而不是解释世界,而“生活世界”呈现了世界的本来面目。
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引用次数: 0
Against the “Moonlight and Magnolia” myth of the American South. A new materialist approach to the dissonant heritage of slavery in the US: The case of Whitney Plantation in Wallace, LA 反对美国南方的“月光与白玉兰”神话。对美国奴隶制不和谐遗产的新唯物主义研究:以洛杉矶华莱士惠特尼种植园为例
IF 0.3 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.46284/mkd.2020.8.4.9
Dorota Golańska
The article presents an analysis of the operations of the Whitney Plantation Museum, which opened in 2014 in Wallace, LA (USA), situated within the context of plantation heritage tourism in the American South. The argumentation offers an illustration of the significant transition, even though still of marginal character, of the dominant tendencies of representing slavery in heritage sites (plantation museums) devoted to cultivating knowledge about the history of the region. New materialist in its orientation, the analysis subscribes to the most fundamental assumption of this philosophical tendency, namely that knowledge is generated in material-semiotic ways, and applies this approach in an enquiry into the educational experience offered to visitors by this heritage site. The article argues that although the emergence of institutions such as Whitney Plantation is meant to pluralise the memorial landscape of a given community, rather than serving as multivocal spaces they tend to remain steeped in fragmentation.
本文对惠特尼种植园博物馆的运营进行了分析,该博物馆于2014年在美国洛杉矶华莱士开放,位于美国南部种植园遗产旅游的背景下。该论述提供了一个重要转变的例证,尽管仍然是边缘特征,但在遗产遗址(种植园博物馆)中代表奴隶制的主导趋势致力于培养有关该地区历史的知识。以新唯物主义为导向,分析赞同这一哲学倾向的最基本假设,即知识是以物质符号学的方式产生的,并将这种方法应用于对该遗址为游客提供的教育体验的调查中。文章认为,尽管像惠特尼种植园这样的机构的出现是为了使特定社区的纪念景观多元化,而不是作为多声音空间,但它们往往仍然沉浸在碎片中。
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引用次数: 0
Museum education in the context of socio-cultural changes in the countries of Eastern Europe (using the examples of Poland, Ukraine and Russia) 东欧国家社会文化变迁背景下的博物馆教育(以波兰、乌克兰和俄罗斯为例)
IF 0.3 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.46284/mkd.2020.8.2.2
Renata Pater, Oleksiy Karamanov
The subject of the research presented here is the language and content of the definitional terms, categories and concepts relating to museum education in the historiography of the topic. The article is a review that provides an analysis of selected papers on museum education, surveying the categories, terminology and definitions proposed by Polish, Ukrainian and Russian researchers. The study also involved looking at museum websites to review the descriptive terms, concepts and categories used in the sections relating to the museums’ educational activities. Finally, against this background the authors present their own approaches and definitions relating to museum education. The work is partly a result of the experience of the authors’ own common educational practice and investigations. The cultural contexts of museum education are significant and influential in the quality of the services provided in each of the surveyed countries and museums. The generalisations presented are appropriate to the specific contexts of the research reports and educational projects quoted.
这里提出的研究主题是与博物馆教育的史学主题相关的定义术语、类别和概念的语言和内容。这篇文章是一篇综述,分析了一些关于博物馆教育的论文,调查了波兰、乌克兰和俄罗斯研究人员提出的分类、术语和定义。这项研究还包括查看博物馆网站上与博物馆教育活动相关的部分中使用的描述性术语、概念和类别。最后,在此背景下,作者提出了自己关于博物馆教育的方法和定义。这部作品部分是作者自己的共同教育实践和调查的结果。博物馆教育的文化背景对每一个接受调查的国家和博物馆所提供服务的质量都具有重要的影响。所提出的概括适用于所引用的研究报告和教育项目的具体背景。
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引用次数: 1
The extinction of the Ukrainian culture of the Polish-Ukrainian-Slovak borderland and the image of the “Ukrainian Banderite” in Polish and Czechoslovak literature, journalism and cinematography, mid-1940s–1980s 波兰-乌克兰-斯洛伐克边境地区乌克兰文化的消失,以及波兰和捷克斯洛伐克文学、新闻和电影摄影中“乌克兰班德雷特”的形象,1940年代中期至1980年代中期
IF 0.3 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.46284/mkd.2020.8.2.6
R. Drozd, M. Šmigel’
The aim of this study is to outline the process of the extinction of Ukrainian culture in south-eastern Poland as a result of Polish resettlement actions and the activities of the Ukrainian underground movement (i.e., the Ukrainian Insurgent Army) in the post-war period (1944–1947). Concurrently, the study offers an analysis of the image of the “Ukrainian Banderite”, created by propaganda in Polish and Czechoslovak literature, journalism, and cinematography in the period from the mid-1940s to the end of the 1980s. The authors state that both in Poland and in Czechoslovakia the analysed topic has been subject to certain cyclical waves of interest, or current political demand or usefulness, but always according to an established and politically accepted template. The black-and-white reception of the issue, propaganda fictions, the concealment of facts, and the disproportionate highlighting of others, which were applied in the literary and film production of the real-socialist period, only distorted the historical objectivity of the issue and created a complicated stereotype in the collective memory.
本研究的目的是概述波兰东南部乌克兰文化灭绝的过程,这是战后时期(1944-1947年)波兰重新安置行动和乌克兰地下运动(即乌克兰起义军)活动的结果。同时,本研究还分析了从1940年代中期到1980年代末在波兰和捷克斯洛伐克文学、新闻和电影摄影宣传中塑造的“乌克兰班杰里特”形象。作者指出,在波兰和捷克斯洛伐克,所分析的主题都受到某些周期性的兴趣浪潮,或当前的政治需求或有用性的影响,但总是根据既定的和政治上接受的模板。现实社会主义时期的文学和电影制作中采用的非黑即白的问题接受、宣传虚构、隐瞒事实、过分突出他人等做法,只是扭曲了问题的历史客观性,在集体记忆中形成了复杂的刻板印象。
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引用次数: 1
Museological school as a process of professional formation based on traditions and innovations: Crimean foreshortening 博物馆学派作为一个基于传统和创新的专业形成过程:克里米亚缩短
IF 0.3 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.46284/mkd.2020.8.4.4
I. Chuvilova
In this article, we describe the activities of the “Museum Studio”, which opened in Koktebel in 2016. The history of Russian museology and international experience are two important pillars on which the School is based. Today, the School is a platform for educational events and discussions with the participation of leading Russian and foreign experts. The platform has developed an innovative model of interaction with specialists seeking to improve their qualification level. The main ideas and formats of this model are covered in this article.
在这篇文章中,我们描述了2016年在Koktebel开业的“博物馆工作室”的活动。俄罗斯博物馆学的历史和国际经验是该学院的两个重要支柱。今天,该学院是一个教育活动和讨论的平台,有俄罗斯和外国顶尖专家的参与。该平台开发了一种与寻求提高其资格水平的专家互动的创新模式。本文将介绍该模型的主要思想和格式。
{"title":"Museological school as a process of professional formation based on traditions and innovations: Crimean foreshortening","authors":"I. Chuvilova","doi":"10.46284/mkd.2020.8.4.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46284/mkd.2020.8.4.4","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, we describe the activities of the “Museum Studio”, which opened in Koktebel in 2016. The history of Russian museology and international experience are two important pillars on which the School is based. Today, the School is a platform for educational events and discussions with the participation of leading Russian and foreign experts. The platform has developed an innovative model of interaction with specialists seeking to improve their qualification level. The main ideas and formats of this model are covered in this article.","PeriodicalId":41312,"journal":{"name":"Muzeologia a Kulturne Dedicstvo-Museology and Cultural Heritage","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70478501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Musealisation of communism, or how to create national identity in historical museums 共产主义的博物馆化,或如何在历史博物馆中创造民族认同
IF 0.3 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.46284/mkd.2020.8.4.5
A. Ziębińska-Witek
The goal of the article is to critically analyse and deconstruct museum narratives about communism in East-Central Europe 30 years after transformation. The research material is museum exhibitions interpreted in accordance with the methodology of visual research (composition analysis, content analysis, analysis of material objects, and analysis of meanings). The first and most important museum type from the perspective of the memory cano The Act of 6 June 1997 Penal Code (Journal of Laws of 1997, item 553). Art. 125. § 1. Whoever destroys, damages or takes away a cultural object in an occupied area or in which military operations are taking place, violating international law, shall be subject to the penalty of deprivation of liberty for a term of between one and 10 years. § 2. If the act concerns goods of particular importance for culture, the perpetrator shall be subject to the penalty of deprivation of liberty for not less than 3 years. Art. 278. § 1. Whoever takes away someone else’s movable property for the purpose of appropriation shall be subject to the penalty of deprivation of liberty for a term of between 3 months and 5 years. § 2. The same punishment shall be imposed on anyone who, without the consent of the authorised person, obtains someone else’s computer program in order to gain financial benefits. § 3. In the case of an act of a lesser significance, the perpetrator is subject to a fine, limitation of liberty or deprivation of liberty for one year. § 4. If the theft was committed to the detriment of the closest person, the prosecution takes place at the request of the injured party. Art. 279. § 1. Whoever steals by burglary is punishable by imprisonment from one to 10 years. § 2. If the burglary was committed to the detriment of the closest person, the prosecution takes place at the request of the injured party. n, as it represents the official historical policy of most East-European states, is the so-called identity or heroic museum. Its purpose is not so much to show the truth about the past but to create the collective memory of a society and its positive self-image.
本文的目的是批判性地分析和解构关于东欧和中欧共产主义在转型后30年的博物馆叙事。研究材料是按照视觉研究的方法论(构成分析、内容分析、实物分析、意义分析)解读的博物馆展览。从记忆的角度来看,第一个也是最重要的博物馆类型是1997年6月6日的《刑法典》(1997年《法律杂志》,第553项)。125年艺术。。§1。违反国际法破坏、损害或带走被占领地区或军事行动地区内的文物者,应处剥夺自由一至十年以下徒刑。§2。如果该行为涉及对文化特别重要的物品,行为人应受到不少于3年的剥夺自由的处罚。278年艺术。。§1。以占有为目的夺取他人动产的,处三个月以上五年以下剥夺自由的处。§2。未经被授权人同意,获取他人计算机程序以获取经济利益的,也应当处以同样的处罚。§3。如果是严重程度较轻的行为,行为人将受到罚款、限制自由或剥夺自由一年的处罚。§4。如果盗窃行为对最亲近的人造成了损害,则应受害方的请求进行起诉。279年艺术。。§1。入室盗窃的人可处一至十年徒刑。§2。如果盗窃行为对最亲近的人造成了损害,则应受害方的要求进行起诉。n,因为它代表了大多数东欧国家的官方历史政策,是所谓的身份或英雄博物馆。它的目的与其说是展示过去的真相,不如说是创造一个社会的集体记忆及其积极的自我形象。
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引用次数: 2
The beginnings of museology 博物馆学的起源
IF 0.3 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.46284/mkd.2020.8.2.1
M. Popadić
Muzeológia a kultúrne dedičstvo, 2020, 8:2:5-16 DOI: 10.46284/mkd.2020.8.2.1 The beginnings of museology In this paper, we deal with the beginnings of museology, trying to find the common origin of its many contemporary offspring. Rather than define museology, we aim to discuss the idea of museology. We assume that beneath the diverse manifestations of museology one can see today, there is a common root and we call this root the idea of museology. Based on examples tracing the history of other scientific disciplines, in this paper we track two developmental stages in the field of museology: the development from an idea to professional knowledge, and the development from professional knowledge to academic discipline. By these means, we aim to establish some of the crossing points in the progress of museology as a science.
Muzeológia a kultúrne dedi stvo, 2020, 8:2:5-16 DOI: 10.46284/mkd.2020.8.2.1博物馆学的起源在本文中,我们处理博物馆学的起源,试图找到其许多当代后代的共同起源。我们的目的不是定义博物馆学,而是讨论博物馆学的概念。我们认为,在今天人们所能看到的博物馆学的各种表现形式之下,有一个共同的根源,我们把这个根源称为博物馆学的理念。本文以其他科学学科的发展历程为例,追溯了博物馆学领域的两个发展阶段:从观念到专业知识的发展阶段和从专业知识到学科的发展阶段。通过这些方法,我们的目标是在博物馆学作为一门科学的发展过程中建立一些交叉点。
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引用次数: 3
Franz Beranek and his activities in Slovakia 弗朗茨·贝拉内克和他在斯洛伐克的活动
IF 0.3 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.46284/mkd.2020.8.2.5
Tomáš Kubisa
This paper deals with the research of Prof Franz Josef Beranek focused on the so called “Habans”, a social religious group that settled in western Slovakia. This research is reconstructed according to the so called German Archive, which forms a part of the scientific collections of the Institute of Ethnology and Social Anthropology of the Slovak Academy of Sciences. The first part is focused on the life of Franz Beranek and his research on the Haban community, including the history, the linguistic situation, and comparisons to other Anabaptist groups. The second part deals with the procedure of cataloguing the archive and its history, structure, and issues.
本文涉及弗朗茨·约瑟夫·贝拉内克教授对所谓的“哈班人”的研究,哈班人是一个定居在斯洛伐克西部的社会宗教团体。这项研究是根据所谓的德国档案进行重建的,该档案是斯洛伐克科学院民族学和社会人类学研究所科学收藏的一部分。第一部分主要介绍Franz Beranek的生平和他对Haban社区的研究,包括历史、语言状况以及与其他再洗礼派团体的比较。第二部分论述了档案编目的程序及其历史、结构和问题。
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引用次数: 0
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Muzeologia a Kulturne Dedicstvo-Museology and Cultural Heritage
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