Pub Date : 2015-11-01DOI: 10.1515/dialect-2015-0006
Paolo Roseano, Ana Ma. Fernández Planas, Wendy Elvira-García, Eugenio Martínez Celdrán
Abstract The article focuses on some intonational features of three Romance languages spoken in northern Sardinia (Algherese Catalan, Logudorese Sardinian, and the Sardinian regional variety of Italian). The first part of the article shows, by means of both qualitative and quantitative analyses, that the above-mentioned languages share some intonational features that are not present in the dialects of Catalan and Italian spoken in the Iberian Peninsula and the Italian Peninsula, respectively. In the following sections the article puts forward a diachronic explanation for this intonational convergence, basing on the role of Sardinian as a substrate language for both Algherese Catalan and the regional Italian of Sardinia. The final part of the article proposes a generalization of the findings of the case-study and puts forward a diachronic model of prosodic transfer that includes the mechanisms of direct transfer, fusion, and accommodation.
{"title":"Contacto lingüístico y transferencia prosódica bajo una perspectiva diacrónica: El caso del alguerés","authors":"Paolo Roseano, Ana Ma. Fernández Planas, Wendy Elvira-García, Eugenio Martínez Celdrán","doi":"10.1515/dialect-2015-0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/dialect-2015-0006","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The article focuses on some intonational features of three Romance languages spoken in northern Sardinia (Algherese Catalan, Logudorese Sardinian, and the Sardinian regional variety of Italian). The first part of the article shows, by means of both qualitative and quantitative analyses, that the above-mentioned languages share some intonational features that are not present in the dialects of Catalan and Italian spoken in the Iberian Peninsula and the Italian Peninsula, respectively. In the following sections the article puts forward a diachronic explanation for this intonational convergence, basing on the role of Sardinian as a substrate language for both Algherese Catalan and the regional Italian of Sardinia. The final part of the article proposes a generalization of the findings of the case-study and puts forward a diachronic model of prosodic transfer that includes the mechanisms of direct transfer, fusion, and accommodation.","PeriodicalId":41369,"journal":{"name":"Dialectologia et Geolinguistica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/dialect-2015-0006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67145832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-11-01DOI: 10.1515/dialect-2015-0007
M. Schulte
Kausens Die Sprachfamilien der Welt, Teil 1, bietet mit seinen mehr als 1000 Seiten eine überaus informative und lesbare Übersicht über die komplexe Sprachenlandschaft Europas und Asiens. So werden mehr als 1200 Einzelsprachen in einem Überblick über die Sprachfamilien des Stammkontinents Eurasien integriert, wobei auch isolierte und ausgestorbene Sprachen wie das Baskische bzw. das Etruskische behandelt werden. Der Index zeigt, dass moribunde Sprachen in der Gesamtperspektive des Werks eine zentrale Rolle spielen (siehe Sachund Personenindex unter „gefährdete Sprachen“ und „ausgestorbene Sprachen“, S. 1008 und 1009). In diesem Band kommen nicht zuletzt die Methoden der indogermanischen Sprachwissenschaft, mit denen Kausen gut vertraut ist, zum Zuge (vgl. auch Kausen 2012). Das Motto des Gesamtwerkes wird von dem früh verstorbenen Baskologen Larry Trask vorgegeben: one of the most important and fascinating topics you could ever hope to encounter [is] human language (Geleitwort von Dr. Stefan Georg, S. XVIII). Um einen Überblick über die Spannweite des ersten Bandes zu gewinnen, wird die interne Gliederung der Hauptabschnitte hier wiedergegeben: 1. Sprachfamilien (S. 1–24), 2. Globale Sprachenstatistik (S. 25–42), 3. Eurasien im Überblick (S. 43–55), 4. Indogermanische Sprachen (S. 57–173), 5. Baskisch (S. 175–194), 6. Altmediterrane Sprachen (S. 195–230), 7. Kaukasische Sprachen (S. 231–258), 8. Altorientalische Sprachen (S. 259–339), 9. Uralische Sprachen (S. 341–370), 10. Paläosibirische Sprachen (S. 371–434), 11. Altaische Sprachen, Koreanisch und Japanisch (S. 435–582), 12. Burushaski, Nahali und Kusunda (S. 583–621), 13. Drawidische Sprachen (S. 623–693), 14. Sinotibetische Sprachen (S. 695–796), 15. Austroasiatische Sprachen (S. 797–897), 16. Hmong-Mien-Sprachen (S. 899–913), 17. Tai-
世界语言科的第1部分提供了一个对欧洲和亚洲复杂的语文构成的极具教育意义和可读的概览。例如，在对欧亚大陆的语言科所作的调查中，介绍了1200多种不同的语言，包括分离或灭绝的语言(如巴斯克语或伊特鲁里亚语)。索引显示，森逊逊语言在本书的整体观点中起着重要的作用(见“濒危语言”和“绝种语言”名称，1008页和1009页)。一个蛋糕:纪念邮戳Gesamtwerkes结束后,很早就过世Baskologen拉里柴斯克的目标:one of the苹果汁important and fascinating topics你能一眼hope to encounter[是]人类篇language (Stefan乔治博士的#页).为了了解本第一卷的翼展里获取Hauptabschnitte译作:1 .这里的内部结构几种语言的家族，2。全球语文统计(见25—42页)，3。四十三、四十三1页拿8地中海语，第178段。高加索语(第231至258页)，8。出来乌里语(s 341至370)，10。古西伯利亚语言(s 371 434)国语和韩语这里是621单位…一不!语音语音:澳洲土著语言英语，英语泰——
{"title":"Reviews / Comptes rendus / Besprechungen","authors":"M. Schulte","doi":"10.1515/dialect-2015-0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/dialect-2015-0007","url":null,"abstract":"Kausens Die Sprachfamilien der Welt, Teil 1, bietet mit seinen mehr als 1000 Seiten eine überaus informative und lesbare Übersicht über die komplexe Sprachenlandschaft Europas und Asiens. So werden mehr als 1200 Einzelsprachen in einem Überblick über die Sprachfamilien des Stammkontinents Eurasien integriert, wobei auch isolierte und ausgestorbene Sprachen wie das Baskische bzw. das Etruskische behandelt werden. Der Index zeigt, dass moribunde Sprachen in der Gesamtperspektive des Werks eine zentrale Rolle spielen (siehe Sachund Personenindex unter „gefährdete Sprachen“ und „ausgestorbene Sprachen“, S. 1008 und 1009). In diesem Band kommen nicht zuletzt die Methoden der indogermanischen Sprachwissenschaft, mit denen Kausen gut vertraut ist, zum Zuge (vgl. auch Kausen 2012). Das Motto des Gesamtwerkes wird von dem früh verstorbenen Baskologen Larry Trask vorgegeben: one of the most important and fascinating topics you could ever hope to encounter [is] human language (Geleitwort von Dr. Stefan Georg, S. XVIII). Um einen Überblick über die Spannweite des ersten Bandes zu gewinnen, wird die interne Gliederung der Hauptabschnitte hier wiedergegeben: 1. Sprachfamilien (S. 1–24), 2. Globale Sprachenstatistik (S. 25–42), 3. Eurasien im Überblick (S. 43–55), 4. Indogermanische Sprachen (S. 57–173), 5. Baskisch (S. 175–194), 6. Altmediterrane Sprachen (S. 195–230), 7. Kaukasische Sprachen (S. 231–258), 8. Altorientalische Sprachen (S. 259–339), 9. Uralische Sprachen (S. 341–370), 10. Paläosibirische Sprachen (S. 371–434), 11. Altaische Sprachen, Koreanisch und Japanisch (S. 435–582), 12. Burushaski, Nahali und Kusunda (S. 583–621), 13. Drawidische Sprachen (S. 623–693), 14. Sinotibetische Sprachen (S. 695–796), 15. Austroasiatische Sprachen (S. 797–897), 16. Hmong-Mien-Sprachen (S. 899–913), 17. Tai-","PeriodicalId":41369,"journal":{"name":"Dialectologia et Geolinguistica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/dialect-2015-0007","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67145402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-01-01DOI: 10.1515/dialect-2015-0001
Melita Zemljak Jontes, Simona Pulko
Abstract The article deals with the youngsters in a specific secondary school in Maribor which represents a sort of a conglomerate of different social varieties (dialects) of the Slovenian language. This conglomerate raises particular questions regarding perspectives of Maribor vernacular. The survey is based on 68 questionnaries of secondary school pupils. It was conducted in May 2012 in Maribor. All the pupils of the 1st, 2nd and 3rd year were interviewed. Questionnaires differenciated between pupils according to their gender, their grade in the school subject of the Slovenian language and according to their place of residence during their schooling. The analysis included two variables, i.e. gender and grade; nevertheless, the latter did not prove to be relevant. During Slovenian language classes, male pupils use LSS more consistently than female pupils do; they both frequently use SDS-2, as well as SDS-1, while during other classes there is almost no LSS. The pupils are consistently corrected during Slovenian language classes, which is not the case during other classes (with the exceptions of history and geography). For Abbreaviations, see footnote 2, p. 8. At school, pupils more frequently use slang with classmates and peers than they use LDS. Moreover, the comparison between the use of slang by female and male pupils shows the growing use of slang by the latter. All the pupils whose current address is not in Maribor notice the influence of their school environment (of Maribor city speech), including German loan words (also typical of Maribor city speech). All pupils whose current address is not in Maribor use these words in informal speech, i.e. with classmates, school employees and other citizens of Maribor.
{"title":"Young people’s perspective of Maribor vernacular","authors":"Melita Zemljak Jontes, Simona Pulko","doi":"10.1515/dialect-2015-0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/dialect-2015-0001","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The article deals with the youngsters in a specific secondary school in Maribor which represents a sort of a conglomerate of different social varieties (dialects) of the Slovenian language. This conglomerate raises particular questions regarding perspectives of Maribor vernacular. The survey is based on 68 questionnaries of secondary school pupils. It was conducted in May 2012 in Maribor. All the pupils of the 1st, 2nd and 3rd year were interviewed. Questionnaires differenciated between pupils according to their gender, their grade in the school subject of the Slovenian language and according to their place of residence during their schooling. The analysis included two variables, i.e. gender and grade; nevertheless, the latter did not prove to be relevant. During Slovenian language classes, male pupils use LSS more consistently than female pupils do; they both frequently use SDS-2, as well as SDS-1, while during other classes there is almost no LSS. The pupils are consistently corrected during Slovenian language classes, which is not the case during other classes (with the exceptions of history and geography). For Abbreaviations, see footnote 2, p. 8. At school, pupils more frequently use slang with classmates and peers than they use LDS. Moreover, the comparison between the use of slang by female and male pupils shows the growing use of slang by the latter. All the pupils whose current address is not in Maribor notice the influence of their school environment (of Maribor city speech), including German loan words (also typical of Maribor city speech). All pupils whose current address is not in Maribor use these words in informal speech, i.e. with classmates, school employees and other citizens of Maribor.","PeriodicalId":41369,"journal":{"name":"Dialectologia et Geolinguistica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/dialect-2015-0001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67145725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-01-01DOI: 10.1515/dialect-2015-0005
Hui-ju Hsu
Abstract One of the two major dialects of Taiwaesen Southern Min [TSM] has two mid back vowels, /o/ and / ɔ/. This distinction is well documented in classic Chinese phonology and agreed upon by most TSM linguists. However, an increasing number of recent evidence-based studies have reported the falling together of these two vowels and, indeed, many non-linguists as well have noticed the loss of the distinction. Since these two vowels are so similar in nearly all phonetic features most studies carried out heretofore which concluded that the merger had in fact taken place were based on auditory criteria. The present study, however, the methodology of which has been designed to take account of the low literacy rate of TSM speakers, as well as the frequent contact which takes place between TSM dialects, investigates the status of these two vowels making use of both acoustic and statistical data. Results indicate that in TSM /o/ and / ɔ / have merged in the case of younger speakers. Both internal and external factors are proposed which have affected the merger, and the further suggestion is put forward that, though the instance of sound shift reversal in Taiwan is on record, this is not likely to occur in the case of TSM /o/ and / ɔ /.
{"title":"Taro or Oyster? The production merger of the two mid back vowels, [o] and [ɔ], in a major dialect of Taiwan Southern Min","authors":"Hui-ju Hsu","doi":"10.1515/dialect-2015-0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/dialect-2015-0005","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract One of the two major dialects of Taiwaesen Southern Min [TSM] has two mid back vowels, /o/ and / ɔ/. This distinction is well documented in classic Chinese phonology and agreed upon by most TSM linguists. However, an increasing number of recent evidence-based studies have reported the falling together of these two vowels and, indeed, many non-linguists as well have noticed the loss of the distinction. Since these two vowels are so similar in nearly all phonetic features most studies carried out heretofore which concluded that the merger had in fact taken place were based on auditory criteria. The present study, however, the methodology of which has been designed to take account of the low literacy rate of TSM speakers, as well as the frequent contact which takes place between TSM dialects, investigates the status of these two vowels making use of both acoustic and statistical data. Results indicate that in TSM /o/ and / ɔ / have merged in the case of younger speakers. Both internal and external factors are proposed which have affected the merger, and the further suggestion is put forward that, though the instance of sound shift reversal in Taiwan is on record, this is not likely to occur in the case of TSM /o/ and / ɔ /.","PeriodicalId":41369,"journal":{"name":"Dialectologia et Geolinguistica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/dialect-2015-0005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67145817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-01-01DOI: 10.1515/dialect-2015-0004
M. Cáceres-Lorenzo
Abstract Missionary linguistics and considerations of Nahuatl as a lingua franca lead us to propose that Nahuatlisms have historically been prominent in American Spanish. Diachronic studies show that after Spanish spelling was standardised, involving occasional losses and extensions of meaning, Aztec words were incorporated into Spanish language vocabularies in the Americas. Because 16th and 17th -century data provide inconsistent depictions of the spread of Nahuatlisms in the Caribbean and in South American regions, our research aims to collect data from American Spanish dialectal vocabularies to reconstruct regionalisation and diffusion trends of Nahuatlisms in the centuries that followed. Utilising quantitative and qualitative methodologies, we design a research study that identifies restricted and regional characteristics of more than 84% of Nahuatlisms and of remnants of Nahuatl words in the Caribbean and in South American regions.
{"title":"Diffusion trends and Nahuatlisms of American Spanish: Evidence from dialectal vocabularies","authors":"M. Cáceres-Lorenzo","doi":"10.1515/dialect-2015-0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/dialect-2015-0004","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Missionary linguistics and considerations of Nahuatl as a lingua franca lead us to propose that Nahuatlisms have historically been prominent in American Spanish. Diachronic studies show that after Spanish spelling was standardised, involving occasional losses and extensions of meaning, Aztec words were incorporated into Spanish language vocabularies in the Americas. Because 16th and 17th -century data provide inconsistent depictions of the spread of Nahuatlisms in the Caribbean and in South American regions, our research aims to collect data from American Spanish dialectal vocabularies to reconstruct regionalisation and diffusion trends of Nahuatlisms in the centuries that followed. Utilising quantitative and qualitative methodologies, we design a research study that identifies restricted and regional characteristics of more than 84% of Nahuatlisms and of remnants of Nahuatl words in the Caribbean and in South American regions.","PeriodicalId":41369,"journal":{"name":"Dialectologia et Geolinguistica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/dialect-2015-0004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67145779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-01-01DOI: 10.1515/dialect-2015-0002
H. Parkin
Abstract A number of surname-based studies have presented a relationship between medieval regional dialect lexis and the distribution of associated modern-day surnames. However, by carrying out localised research, it appears that the two might not be so closely linked as previously thought, with discrepancies in the distribution of regionally specific names and equivalent occupational descriptions. As a result, there seems to be a need to reconsider the connection between regional lexicons and corresponding name stocks, which may have been less closely related, at a period of non-hereditary by-naming, than current knowledge suggests.
{"title":"English regional dialect lexis in the names and occupations of the Gloucestershire Cotswolds: A reassessment of the relationship between names and dialects","authors":"H. Parkin","doi":"10.1515/dialect-2015-0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/dialect-2015-0002","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A number of surname-based studies have presented a relationship between medieval regional dialect lexis and the distribution of associated modern-day surnames. However, by carrying out localised research, it appears that the two might not be so closely linked as previously thought, with discrepancies in the distribution of regionally specific names and equivalent occupational descriptions. As a result, there seems to be a need to reconsider the connection between regional lexicons and corresponding name stocks, which may have been less closely related, at a period of non-hereditary by-naming, than current knowledge suggests.","PeriodicalId":41369,"journal":{"name":"Dialectologia et Geolinguistica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/dialect-2015-0002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67145758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-01-01DOI: 10.1515/dialect-2015-0003
F. Carton
Abstract In 1965, I recorded some conversations in the Picard dialect of Aubers, a village located in northern France. I used hearing tests to extract a corpus of 70 words containing diphthongs. The speakers I considered to be representative were born respectively in 1885, 1898 and 1902. Their diphthongs are different from those of traditional Picard speakers and affect both dialect and common French words. A spectrographic analysis allowed me to single out three types of phenomena in the corpus: the vocalization of semi-consonant, the development of an epenthetic vowel before and after a stressed vowel. Various stages of phonetic evolution have thus been stressed, appearing in several points of my Picard Linguistic Atlas maps, insertion of a vocalic element before some accented vowels, lengthening of “epenthetic” vowels, prominence shift from the second to the first accented element of a syllable, as well as the loosening and loss of the second part of a diphthong. These phenomena affect both standard French and Picard words. The vocalic system of the Aubers dialect as spoken in 1900, as revealed by a spectrographic analysis, has no equivalent in the Picardy area.
{"title":"Les diphtongues secondaires dans le parler picard d’Aubers (Nord) au début du XXème siècle","authors":"F. Carton","doi":"10.1515/dialect-2015-0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/dialect-2015-0003","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In 1965, I recorded some conversations in the Picard dialect of Aubers, a village located in northern France. I used hearing tests to extract a corpus of 70 words containing diphthongs. The speakers I considered to be representative were born respectively in 1885, 1898 and 1902. Their diphthongs are different from those of traditional Picard speakers and affect both dialect and common French words. A spectrographic analysis allowed me to single out three types of phenomena in the corpus: the vocalization of semi-consonant, the development of an epenthetic vowel before and after a stressed vowel. Various stages of phonetic evolution have thus been stressed, appearing in several points of my Picard Linguistic Atlas maps, insertion of a vocalic element before some accented vowels, lengthening of “epenthetic” vowels, prominence shift from the second to the first accented element of a syllable, as well as the loosening and loss of the second part of a diphthong. These phenomena affect both standard French and Picard words. The vocalic system of the Aubers dialect as spoken in 1900, as revealed by a spectrographic analysis, has no equivalent in the Picardy area.","PeriodicalId":41369,"journal":{"name":"Dialectologia et Geolinguistica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/dialect-2015-0003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67145772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-11-01DOI: 10.1515/dialect-2014-0007
A. Mikić
Abstract The Celts are commonly regarded as one of the Indo-European ethnolinguistic groups, speaking Celtic languages derived from Proto-Celtic. Numerous archaeobotanical, palaeogenetic and historical linguistic analyses demonstrate that the most ancient European pulse crops, such as chickpea (Cicer arietinum), grass pea (Lathyrus sativus), lentil (Lens culinaris), lupins (Lupinus spp.), pea (Pisum sativum), vetches (Vicia spp.) and faba bean (Vicia faba), were widely used in everyday life as early as sixth millennium BC. The Latin word denoting ‘pea’, pisum, was borrowed by both Brythonic and Goidelic languages, spoken during the first centuries AD in Britain and Ireland, and produced the words denoting ‘pea’ in their modern members. The ultimate origin of the words denoting ‘faba bean’ in all living and attested Celtic languages is the Proto-Indo-European root *bhabh-, denoting the same crop, literally meaning something swollen and imported from both the Latin faba and the Old Norse baun. The majority of the words denoting ‘grain’ in the Celtic languages are descendants of the Proto-Celtic root *grāno, denoting ‘grain’ and originating from the Proto-Indo-European *g'er[a]n-, *grān-, denoting ‘grain’ and ‘corn’.
{"title":"A note on the etymology and lexicology relating to traditional European pulses in the Celtic languages","authors":"A. Mikić","doi":"10.1515/dialect-2014-0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/dialect-2014-0007","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The Celts are commonly regarded as one of the Indo-European ethnolinguistic groups, speaking Celtic languages derived from Proto-Celtic. Numerous archaeobotanical, palaeogenetic and historical linguistic analyses demonstrate that the most ancient European pulse crops, such as chickpea (Cicer arietinum), grass pea (Lathyrus sativus), lentil (Lens culinaris), lupins (Lupinus spp.), pea (Pisum sativum), vetches (Vicia spp.) and faba bean (Vicia faba), were widely used in everyday life as early as sixth millennium BC. The Latin word denoting ‘pea’, pisum, was borrowed by both Brythonic and Goidelic languages, spoken during the first centuries AD in Britain and Ireland, and produced the words denoting ‘pea’ in their modern members. The ultimate origin of the words denoting ‘faba bean’ in all living and attested Celtic languages is the Proto-Indo-European root *bhabh-, denoting the same crop, literally meaning something swollen and imported from both the Latin faba and the Old Norse baun. The majority of the words denoting ‘grain’ in the Celtic languages are descendants of the Proto-Celtic root *grāno, denoting ‘grain’ and originating from the Proto-Indo-European *g'er[a]n-, *grān-, denoting ‘grain’ and ‘corn’.","PeriodicalId":41369,"journal":{"name":"Dialectologia et Geolinguistica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/dialect-2014-0007","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67145715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-11-01DOI: 10.1515/dialect-2014-0005
F. Olariu, Veronica Olariu
Abstract The three series of national linguistic atlases (WLAD, ALR and NALR) proof that the Romanian linguistic cartography has one of the richest and most important traditions in Europe, fact acknowledged by the linguistic community starting from the first half of the last century. This tradition continues nowadays with the digitization of the linguistic atlases. The first achievement in this direction is the release in 2007 of the third volume from series NALR. Moldavia and Bukovina with the help of bespoke software built in collaboration by linguists and computer scientists from Iasi Branch of the Romanian Academy. Another project in the same field, done by a Romanian-Canadian team, is the Online Romanian Dialect Atlas which plans to build an interactive database for dialects using a multidimensional scaling statistical technique. The Bukovina Audiovisual Linguistic Atlas (ALAB) is the most recent project for a digital atlas of the Romanian academic community and it is based in the research centre from Iasi. The ALAB project, started in 2010, plans to build, for the first time in Romania, an audio-video atlas centred on sociolinguistic features. This atlas will present, with the help of online support in one interface, diatopic, diastratic (diasexual and diagenerational), and possible diaphasic variations on dialect level.
{"title":"The Romanian linguistic cartography in the digitizing era: the electronic atlases","authors":"F. Olariu, Veronica Olariu","doi":"10.1515/dialect-2014-0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/dialect-2014-0005","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The three series of national linguistic atlases (WLAD, ALR and NALR) proof that the Romanian linguistic cartography has one of the richest and most important traditions in Europe, fact acknowledged by the linguistic community starting from the first half of the last century. This tradition continues nowadays with the digitization of the linguistic atlases. The first achievement in this direction is the release in 2007 of the third volume from series NALR. Moldavia and Bukovina with the help of bespoke software built in collaboration by linguists and computer scientists from Iasi Branch of the Romanian Academy. Another project in the same field, done by a Romanian-Canadian team, is the Online Romanian Dialect Atlas which plans to build an interactive database for dialects using a multidimensional scaling statistical technique. The Bukovina Audiovisual Linguistic Atlas (ALAB) is the most recent project for a digital atlas of the Romanian academic community and it is based in the research centre from Iasi. The ALAB project, started in 2010, plans to build, for the first time in Romania, an audio-video atlas centred on sociolinguistic features. This atlas will present, with the help of online support in one interface, diatopic, diastratic (diasexual and diagenerational), and possible diaphasic variations on dialect level.","PeriodicalId":41369,"journal":{"name":"Dialectologia et Geolinguistica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/dialect-2014-0005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67145674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-11-01DOI: 10.1515/dialect-2014-0004
Linda van Meel, F. Hinskens, R. Hout
Abstract How do speakers of current Turkish and Moroccan ethnolects of Dutch deal with phonemes that do not exist in their heritage languages and that are at the same time subject to pronounced regional and social variation in the Dutch speech community at large, such as the Dutch diphthong /εi/? This diphthong does not occur in Turkish and Berber and it occurs only as a dialectal allophone in certain dialects of Moroccan Arabic. Data from speakers from the Amsterdam and Nijmegen urban areas are studied. In the Amsterdam dialect, the diphthong is traditionally subject to monophthongization and lowering, yielding realizations as [a:] or [a:], while in Nijmegen the diphthong is only subject to monophthongization, resulting in the variant [ε:]. Recently, a new lowered, diphthongal variant [ai] entered colloquial spoken standard Dutch. Therefore, ethnolect speakers have a wide range of variants to ‘choose’ from: the traditional standard Dutch variant [εi], the new variant [ai], which is expanding areally and socially, and the monophthongal variants of the surrounding urban dialects. Two variable properties of /εi/ are examined: (1) height of the prominent first element, and (2) the degree of monophthongization. The urban dialect features which had developed into sociolect features over the past generations appear to be undergoing social redistribution to become ethnolect markers.
{"title":"Variation in the realization of /εi/ by Dutch youngsters: from local urban dialects to emerging ethnolects?","authors":"Linda van Meel, F. Hinskens, R. Hout","doi":"10.1515/dialect-2014-0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/dialect-2014-0004","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract How do speakers of current Turkish and Moroccan ethnolects of Dutch deal with phonemes that do not exist in their heritage languages and that are at the same time subject to pronounced regional and social variation in the Dutch speech community at large, such as the Dutch diphthong /εi/? This diphthong does not occur in Turkish and Berber and it occurs only as a dialectal allophone in certain dialects of Moroccan Arabic. Data from speakers from the Amsterdam and Nijmegen urban areas are studied. In the Amsterdam dialect, the diphthong is traditionally subject to monophthongization and lowering, yielding realizations as [a:] or [a:], while in Nijmegen the diphthong is only subject to monophthongization, resulting in the variant [ε:]. Recently, a new lowered, diphthongal variant [ai] entered colloquial spoken standard Dutch. Therefore, ethnolect speakers have a wide range of variants to ‘choose’ from: the traditional standard Dutch variant [εi], the new variant [ai], which is expanding areally and socially, and the monophthongal variants of the surrounding urban dialects. Two variable properties of /εi/ are examined: (1) height of the prominent first element, and (2) the degree of monophthongization. The urban dialect features which had developed into sociolect features over the past generations appear to be undergoing social redistribution to become ethnolect markers.","PeriodicalId":41369,"journal":{"name":"Dialectologia et Geolinguistica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/dialect-2014-0004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67145666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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